richlukich/scienceQAv1 · Datasets at Hugging Face

image dict	question stringlengths 17 259	choices sequencelengths 2 5	answer int8 0 4	hint stringlengths 0 1.06k	lecture stringclasses 65 values	solution stringlengths 0 1.41k	answer_str stringlengths 2 86
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96, 130 ], "path": "image.png" }	What is the expected ratio of offspring with curly fur to offspring with straight fur? Choose the most likely ratio.	[ "0:4", "2:2", "1:3", "4:0", "3:1" ]	1	In a group of cats, some individuals have straight fur and others have curly fur. In this group, the gene for the fur type trait has two alleles. The allele for straight fur (F) is dominant over the allele for curly fur (f). This Punnett square shows a cross between two cats.	Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. \| F \| f F \| FF \| Ff f \| Ff \| ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.	To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with curly fur or straight fur, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the fur type trait. The question tells you that the F allele, which is for straight fur, is dominant over the f allele, which is for curly fur. Curly fur is the recessive allele's version of the fur type trait. A cat with the recessive version of the fur type trait must have only recessive alleles for the fur type gene. So, offspring with curly fur must have the genotype ff. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype ff. These boxes are highlighted below. Straight fur is the dominant allele's version of the fur type trait. A cat with the dominant version of the fur type trait must have at least one dominant allele for the fur type gene. So, offspring with straight fur must have the genotype FF or Ff. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype FF or Ff. These boxes are highlighted below. So, the expected ratio of offspring with curly fur to offspring with straight fur is 2:2. This means that, on average, this cross will produce 2 offspring with curly fur for every 2 offspring with straight fur.	2:2
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162, 108, 232, 68, 217, 208, 137, 178, 161, 19, 101, 67, 39, 202, 134, 78, 148, 13, 157, 40, 27, 58, 81, 54, 116, 162, 108, 232, 68, 217, 208, 137, 178, 161, 19, 101, 67, 39, 202, 134, 78, 148, 13, 157, 40, 27, 58, 81, 54, 116, 162, 108, 232, 68, 217, 208, 137, 178, 161, 19, 101, 67, 39, 202, 134, 78, 148, 13, 157, 40, 27, 58, 57, 255, 13, 76, 64, 57, 252, 3, 155, 106, 85, 5, 89, 86, 204, 57, 0, 0, 0, 0, 73, 69, 78, 68, 174, 66, 96, 130 ], "path": "image.png" }	What is the expected ratio of offspring that have horns to offspring that do not have horns? Choose the most likely ratio.	[ "0:4", "2:2", "1:3", "4:0", "3:1" ]	3	In a group of cows, some individuals have horns and others do not. In this group, the gene for the horns trait has two alleles. The allele for having horns (h) is recessive to the allele for not having horns (H). This Punnett square shows a cross between two cows.	Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. \| F \| f F \| FF \| Ff f \| Ff \| ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.	To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring that do or do not have horns, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the horns trait. The question tells you that the h allele, which is for having horns, is recessive to the H allele, which is for not having horns. Having horns is the recessive allele's version of the horns trait. A cow with the recessive version of the horns trait must have only recessive alleles for the horns gene. So, offspring that have horns must have the genotype hh. All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype hh. Not having horns is the dominant allele's version of the horns trait. A cow with the dominant version of the horns trait must have at least one dominant allele for the horns gene. So, offspring that do not have horns must have the genotype HH or Hh. There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype HH or Hh. So, the expected ratio of offspring that have horns to offspring that do not have horns is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring that have horns. This cross is expected to never produce offspring that do not have horns.	4:0
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAATgAAADtCAIAAACkmf4VAAEAAElEQVR4nOz9Z7dt13UdiM6wctpr53T2yefcHJADAR(...TRUNCATED)	Which statement describes the Kaeng Krachan National Park ecosystem?	["It has soil that is rich in nutrients.","It has only a few types of organisms.","It has soil that (...TRUNCATED)	2	"Figure: Kaeng Krachan National Park.\nKaeng Krachan National Park is a tropical rain forest ecosyst(...TRUNCATED)	"An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area.(...TRUNCATED)	"A tropical rain forest is a type of ecosystem. Tropical rain forests have the following features: y(...TRUNCATED)	It has soil that is poor in nutrients.
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAkIAAAGFCAIAAACewAvGAAEAAElEQVR4nOy9Z4AlR3X+XdW5b85p7sydnGd3ZnPOKy(...TRUNCATED)	Which cones make pollen?	[ "pollinated cones", "male cones" ]	1	This diagram shows the life cycle of a pine tree.	"Gymnosperms are plants that have seeds but not flowers. Conifers are a type of a gymnosperm. Instea(...TRUNCATED)	"Male cones make pollen.\nWhen pollen sticks to a female cone, the female cone becomes pollinated. P(...TRUNCATED)	male cones
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAMoAAADKCAIAAABrB0j/AAEAAElEQVR4nOz9+bNl6XUdBq6193fuey/nsbLmuYBCoa(...TRUNCATED)	Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers?	[ "bufflehead", "bronzy sunbird" ]	1	"Broad-tailed hummingbirds live in the woodlands and meadows of western North America. The shape of (...TRUNCATED)	"An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can in(...TRUNCATED)	"Look at the picture of the broad-tailed hummingbird.\nThe broad-tailed hummingbird has a long, thin(...TRUNCATED)	bronzy sunbird
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAMoAAADKCAIAAABrB0j/AAEAAElEQVR4nOz959v3W34Vhn1239/+63d/6jnP6W2aZi(...TRUNCATED)	Which animal's feet are also adapted for walking on large, floating leaves?	[ "European river otter", "comb-crested jacana" ]	1	"s live near rivers and lakes. They eat insects and snails that live on plants floating on the surfa(...TRUNCATED)	"An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can in(...TRUNCATED)	"Look at the picture of the African jacana.\nThe African jacana uses its toes to spread its weight o(...TRUNCATED)	comb-crested jacana
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAATgAAADtCAIAAACkmf4VAAEAAElEQVR4nOz9W68sS5IeiH1m5h4Rmbku+3722XWquq(...TRUNCATED)	Which better describes the Great Basin Desert ecosystem?	["It has dry, thin soil. It also has long, cold winters.","It has heavy snow. It also has only a few(...TRUNCATED)	0	"Figure: Great Basin Desert.\nThe Great Basin Desert is a cold desert ecosystem in the western Unite(...TRUNCATED)	"An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area.(...TRUNCATED)	"A cold desert is a type of ecosystem. Cold deserts have the following features: a small amount of r(...TRUNCATED)	It has dry, thin soil. It also has long, cold winters.
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKIAAACiCAIAAABNkIFMAADhmklEQVR4nOz9Z6+uWZrfh6287vzksOPJp+pUVXd1V0(...TRUNCATED)	Select the organism in the same species as the purple heron.	[ "Ardea purpurea", "Ardea alba", "Acanthaster planci" ]	0	This organism is a purple heron. Its scientific name is Ardea purpurea.	"Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.\nThe(...TRUNCATED)	"A purple heron's scientific name is Ardea purpurea.\nArdea purpurea is in the same genus as Ardea a(...TRUNCATED)	Ardea purpurea
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKIAAACiCAIAAABNkIFMAAD6UUlEQVR4nOz997PmaVreCT72683rzXmPP+mzsjKzbF(...TRUNCATED)	Select the organism in the same genus as the black-blotched porcupinefish.	[ "Amphiprion perideraion", "Alopias pelagicus", "Diodon liturosus" ]	2	This organism is a black-blotched porcupinefish. Its scientific name is Diodon liturosus.	"Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.\nThe(...TRUNCATED)	"A black-blotched porcupinefish's scientific name is Diodon liturosus. The first word of its scienti(...TRUNCATED)	Diodon liturosus
{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKIAAACiCAIAAABNkIFMAADmyElEQVR4nOz9d5gk2VUmDp9zb0R67zPL2y7TXe3d9H(...TRUNCATED)	Select the mammal below.	[ "green tree frog", "cassowary", "Canadian lynx", "barn owl" ]	2	"Mammals have hair or fur and feed their young milk.\nMammals are warm-blooded. Warm-blooded animals(...TRUNCATED)	"Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into (...TRUNCATED)	"A barn owl is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.\nBarn owls live on every continent ex(...TRUNCATED)	Canadian lynx

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What is the expected ratio of offspring with curly fur to offspring with straight fur? Choose the most likely ratio.

[ "0:4", "2:2", "1:3", "4:0", "3:1" ]

1

In a group of cats, some individuals have straight fur and others have curly fur. In this group, the gene for the fur type trait has two alleles. The allele for straight fur (F) is dominant over the allele for curly fur (f). This Punnett square shows a cross between two cats.

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.

To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring with curly fur or straight fur, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the fur type trait. The question tells you that the F allele, which is for straight fur, is dominant over the f allele, which is for curly fur. Curly fur is the recessive allele's version of the fur type trait. A cat with the recessive version of the fur type trait must have only recessive alleles for the fur type gene. So, offspring with curly fur must have the genotype ff. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype ff. These boxes are highlighted below. Straight fur is the dominant allele's version of the fur type trait. A cat with the dominant version of the fur type trait must have at least one dominant allele for the fur type gene. So, offspring with straight fur must have the genotype FF or Ff. There are 2 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype FF or Ff. These boxes are highlighted below. So, the expected ratio of offspring with curly fur to offspring with straight fur is 2:2. This means that, on average, this cross will produce 2 offspring with curly fur for every 2 offspring with straight fur.

2:2

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78, 148, 13, 157, 40, 27, 58, 81, 54, 116, 114, 254, 219, 60, 202, 42, 146, 202, 45, 63, 118, 173, 112, 124, 123, 215, 170, 255, 181, 246, 189, 161, 137, 67, 87, 162, 34, 178, 247, 169, 165, 31, 175, 107, 94, 252, 205, 85, 25, 101, 179, 178, 122, 123, 123, 7, 6, 6, 44, 203, 58, 114, 228, 136, 211, 155, 1, 22, 13, 119, 35, 208, 137, 178, 161, 19, 101, 67, 39, 202, 134, 78, 148, 13, 157, 138, 159, 250, 89, 150, 37, 34, 241, 120, 252, 196, 137, 19, 231, 206, 157, 139, 68, 34, 185, 92, 174, 181, 181, 213, 239, 247, 247, 244, 244, 52, 52, 52, 56, 186, 201, 69, 96, 26, 197, 131, 193, 137, 212, 161, 43, 209, 179, 145, 100, 56, 145, 53, 13, 89, 89, 111, 109, 108, 247, 190, 255, 132, 175, 99, 201, 188, 31, 128, 90, 166, 33, 34, 83, 153, 252, 151, 35, 177, 163, 215, 166, 174, 78, 101, 38, 83, 217, 230, 58, 179, 179, 217, 253, 250, 170, 134, 93, 29, 13, 198, 124, 43, 107, 147, 142, 89, 21, 183, 104, 219, 118, 36, 18, 217, 183, 111, 223, 216, 216, 216, 204, 185, 112, 56, 28, 14, 135, 7, 7, 7, 247, 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93, 179, 102, 77, 32, 16, 216, 189, 123, 119, 38, 147, 25, 30, 30, 174, 245, 178, 211, 185, 252, 135, 195, 145, 45, 15, 123, 191, 126, 174, 173, 201, 158, 125, 78, 78, 221, 152, 126, 233, 212, 184, 136, 92, 79, 100, 127, 24, 77, 116, 63, 82, 63, 119, 237, 103, 151, 111, 221, 76, 229, 190, 125, 161, 109, 219, 29, 103, 247, 174, 91, 218, 115, 250, 198, 143, 227, 211, 34, 242, 249, 111, 81, 77, 101, 235, 152, 213, 236, 59, 200, 157, 59, 119, 206, 100, 93, 224, 243, 249, 58, 58, 58, 68, 228, 206, 91, 148, 26, 21, 203, 228, 151, 213, 185, 142, 174, 191, 235, 169, 18, 145, 141, 109, 222, 151, 151, 23, 111, 180, 6, 38, 82, 37, 215, 134, 18, 217, 222, 174, 101, 219, 238, 126, 34, 221, 166, 241, 73, 103, 241, 143, 145, 47, 252, 125, 59, 153, 205, 151, 97, 215, 206, 208, 49, 171, 217, 178, 187, 186, 186, 230, 158, 110, 106, 106, 18, 145, 100, 50, 89, 129, 173, 148, 219, 7, 79, 250, 150, 148, 122, 5, 125, 182, 197, 93, 56, 184, 158, 200, 148, 92, 216, 238, 113, 189, 189, 186, 196, 101, 166, 179, 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What is the expected ratio of offspring that have horns to offspring that do not have horns? Choose the most likely ratio.

[ "0:4", "2:2", "1:3", "4:0", "3:1" ]

3

In a group of cows, some individuals have horns and others do not. In this group, the gene for the horns trait has two alleles. The allele for having horns (h) is recessive to the allele for not having horns (H). This Punnett square shows a cross between two cows.

Offspring phenotypes: dominant or recessive? How do you determine an organism's phenotype for a trait? Look at the combination of alleles in the organism's genotype for the gene that affects that trait. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of the trait to appear as the organism's phenotype. If an organism's genotype has at least one dominant allele for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the dominant allele's version of the gene's trait. If an organism's genotype has only recessive alleles for a gene, the organism's phenotype will be the recessive allele's version of the gene's trait. A Punnett square shows what types of offspring a cross can produce. The expected ratio of offspring types compares how often the cross produces each type of offspring, on average. To write this ratio, count the number of boxes in the Punnett square representing each type. For example, consider the Punnett square below. | F | f F | FF | Ff f | Ff | ff There is 1 box with the genotype FF and 2 boxes with the genotype Ff. So, the expected ratio of offspring with the genotype FF to those with Ff is 1:2.

To determine how many boxes in the Punnett square represent offspring that do or do not have horns, consider whether each phenotype is the dominant or recessive allele's version of the horns trait. The question tells you that the h allele, which is for having horns, is recessive to the H allele, which is for not having horns. Having horns is the recessive allele's version of the horns trait. A cow with the recessive version of the horns trait must have only recessive alleles for the horns gene. So, offspring that have horns must have the genotype hh. All 4 boxes in the Punnett square have the genotype hh. Not having horns is the dominant allele's version of the horns trait. A cow with the dominant version of the horns trait must have at least one dominant allele for the horns gene. So, offspring that do not have horns must have the genotype HH or Hh. There are 0 boxes in the Punnett square with the genotype HH or Hh. So, the expected ratio of offspring that have horns to offspring that do not have horns is 4:0. This means that, based on the Punnett square, this cross will always produce offspring that have horns. This cross is expected to never produce offspring that do not have horns.

4:0

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Which statement describes the Kaeng Krachan National Park ecosystem?

["It has soil that is rich in nutrients.","It has only a few types of organisms.","It has soil that (...TRUNCATED)

2

"Figure: Kaeng Krachan National Park.\nKaeng Krachan National Park is a tropical rain forest ecosyst(...TRUNCATED)

"An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area.(...TRUNCATED)

"A tropical rain forest is a type of ecosystem. Tropical rain forests have the following features: y(...TRUNCATED)

It has soil that is poor in nutrients.

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Which cones make pollen?

[ "pollinated cones", "male cones" ]

1

This diagram shows the life cycle of a pine tree.

"Gymnosperms are plants that have seeds but not flowers. Conifers are a type of a gymnosperm. Instea(...TRUNCATED)

"Male cones make pollen.\nWhen pollen sticks to a female cone, the female cone becomes pollinated. P(...TRUNCATED)

male cones

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Which bird's beak is also adapted to get nectar out of long flowers?

[ "bufflehead", "bronzy sunbird" ]

1

"Broad-tailed hummingbirds live in the woodlands and meadows of western North America. The shape of (...TRUNCATED)

"An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can in(...TRUNCATED)

"Look at the picture of the broad-tailed hummingbird.\nThe broad-tailed hummingbird has a long, thin(...TRUNCATED)

bronzy sunbird

{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAMoAAADKCAIAAABrB0j/AAEAAElEQVR4nOz959v3W34Vhn1239/+63d/6jnP6W2aZi(...TRUNCATED)

Which animal's feet are also adapted for walking on large, floating leaves?

[ "European river otter", "comb-crested jacana" ]

1

"s live near rivers and lakes. They eat insects and snails that live on plants floating on the surfa(...TRUNCATED)

"An adaptation is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive or reproduce. Adaptations can in(...TRUNCATED)

"Look at the picture of the African jacana.\nThe African jacana uses its toes to spread its weight o(...TRUNCATED)

comb-crested jacana

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Which better describes the Great Basin Desert ecosystem?

["It has dry, thin soil. It also has long, cold winters.","It has heavy snow. It also has only a few(...TRUNCATED)

0

"Figure: Great Basin Desert.\nThe Great Basin Desert is a cold desert ecosystem in the western Unite(...TRUNCATED)

"An environment includes all of the biotic, or living, and abiotic, or nonliving, things in an area.(...TRUNCATED)

"A cold desert is a type of ecosystem. Cold deserts have the following features: a small amount of r(...TRUNCATED)

It has dry, thin soil. It also has long, cold winters.

{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKIAAACiCAIAAABNkIFMAADhmklEQVR4nOz9Z6+uWZrfh6287vzksOPJp+pUVXd1V0(...TRUNCATED)

Select the organism in the same species as the purple heron.

[ "Ardea purpurea", "Ardea alba", "Acanthaster planci" ]

0

This organism is a purple heron. Its scientific name is Ardea purpurea.

"Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.\nThe(...TRUNCATED)

"A purple heron's scientific name is Ardea purpurea.\nArdea purpurea is in the same genus as Ardea a(...TRUNCATED)

Ardea purpurea

{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKIAAACiCAIAAABNkIFMAAD6UUlEQVR4nOz997PmaVreCT72683rzXmPP+mzsjKzbF(...TRUNCATED)

Select the organism in the same genus as the black-blotched porcupinefish.

[ "Amphiprion perideraion", "Alopias pelagicus", "Diodon liturosus" ]

2

This organism is a black-blotched porcupinefish. Its scientific name is Diodon liturosus.

"Scientists use scientific names to identify organisms. Scientific names are made of two words.\nThe(...TRUNCATED)

"A black-blotched porcupinefish's scientific name is Diodon liturosus. The first word of its scienti(...TRUNCATED)

Diodon liturosus

{"bytes":"iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAKIAAACiCAIAAABNkIFMAADmyElEQVR4nOz9d5gk2VUmDp9zb0R67zPL2y7TXe3d9H(...TRUNCATED)

Select the mammal below.

[ "green tree frog", "cassowary", "Canadian lynx", "barn owl" ]

2

"Mammals have hair or fur and feed their young milk.\nMammals are warm-blooded. Warm-blooded animals(...TRUNCATED)

"Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into (...TRUNCATED)

"A barn owl is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak.\nBarn owls live on every continent ex(...TRUNCATED)

Canadian lynx