README.md

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  - visual-question-answering
  - image-to-text
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  To request access to the **ArchCAD** dataset, please complete the following
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  Access is restricted to non-commercial use. 

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🏗️ ArchCAD

🇺🇸 English | 🇨🇳 中文说明

A Multimodal CAD Dataset for Vectorized Drawing Understanding

40k Samples · 5 Strictly Aligned Modalities · Foundational Data for AI Understanding of Engineering Drawings

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📑 Table of Contents

• What is ArchCAD?
• Key Features
• Dataset Structure
  • Data Modalities
  • Annotations
• Baseline Model: DPSS
• Potential Applications
• Citation

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📘 What is ArchCAD?

AI systems have long struggled to interpret and utilize CAD drawings directly — a major bottleneck in automation for the construction industry.
ArchCAD aims to address this challenge by providing a large-scale, high-quality CAD dataset with fine-grained, primitive-level annotations.
It serves as a foundation for training AI models with deep multimodal understanding of architectural and engineering drawings.

Each sample is generated through a “drawing slicing” process, where each slice corresponds to a 14m × 14m area of a floor plan, aligned across multiple data modalities.

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✨ Key Features

• 🧠 Rich Multimodal Data: Each sample includes five synchronized data types — raster image, SVG, JSON, Q&A, and point cloud.
• 🏛️ Primitive-Level Annotation: Every geometric entity (e.g., line, arc, circle) within a slice carries both semantic and instance-level labels.
• 🧩 Strict Data Alignment: All five modalities correspond exactly by filename.

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🧩 Dataset Structure

Data Modalities

Each ArchCAD sample provides five data modalities:

1. Rasterized Images: Standard pixel representation of CAD drawings.
2. SVG Data (Vector Graphics): Preserves full vector information.

   <svg>
     <path d="M x1, y1 L x2, y2" semantic="single_door" instance="single_door_23" stroke-width=1>
     <circle cx="x1" cy="y1" fill="none" r="r1" semantic="single_door" instance="single_door_23" stroke-width=1>
     ...
   </svg>
   

3. JSON Data: Explicit representation of every geometric element as an independent object with all properties stored as key-value pairs.

   [
     {
       "type": "LINE", 
       "linetype": "Continuous", 
       "start": [x1, y1], 
       "end": [x2, y2], 
       "rgb": [0, 0, 0], 
       "semantic": "single_door", 
       "instance": "single_door_23"
     }, 
     {
       "type": "CIRCLE",
       "center": [x1, y1],
       "radius": r1, 
       "semantic": "single_door", 
       "instance": "single_door_23"
     }
   ]
   

4. Q&A Pairs: Automatically generated structured question-answer pairs for each drawing slice.
   • question: How many doors are in the drawing?
     answer: There are 11 doors in total, including 7 single doors, 1 double door, 1 parent-child door, and 2 other types.
   • question: What are the coordinates of the staircase?
     answer: The bounding box of the staircase has vertices at (0, 624), (104, 624), (104, 827), (0, 827).
5. Point Cloud Data: Key control points from geometric primitives (e.g., lines, arcs, circles) represented as 2D point clouds with class labels.

Annotations

Each geometric primitive in ArchCAD carries semantic information, and countable entities additionally have instance-level labels:

• semantic: the semantic class of the primitive (mapping provided below).
• instance: a unique identifier shared by all primitives belonging to the same object instance.

ID	Name	Countable
0	Axis & Grid	No
1	Single Door	Yes
2	Double Door	Yes
3	Parent-Child Door	Yes
4	Other Door	Yes
5	Elevator	Yes
6	Staircase	Yes
7	Sink	Yes
8	Urinal	Yes
9	Toilet	Yes
10	Bathtub	Yes
11	Squat Toilet	Yes
12	Other Fixtures	No
13	Drain	No
14	Table	Yes
15	Chair	Yes
16	Bed	Yes
17	Sofa	Yes
18	Hole	Yes
19	Glass	No
20	Wall	No
21	Concrete Column	Yes
22	Steel Column	Yes
23	Concrete Beam	No
24	Steel Beam	No
25	Parking Space	Yes
26	Foundation	No
27	Pile	Yes
28	Rebar	No
29	Fire Hydrant	Yes
100	Others	No

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📚 Citation

If you use ArchCAD in your research, please cite the following paper:

@article{Luo2025ArchCAD,
  title={ArchCAD-400K: An Open Large-Scale Architectural CAD Dataset and New Baseline for Panoptic Symbol Spotting},
  author={Luo R, Liu Z, Cheng T, et al.},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.22346},
  year={2025}
}