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answerdotai
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enwiki

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train · ~14.6M rows (showing the first 1.54M)

id int64 39 11.1M	section stringlengths 3 4.51M	length int64 2 49.9k	title stringlengths 1 182	chunk_id int64 0 68
39	# Albedo Albedo (`{{IPAc-en\|æ\|l\|ˈ\|b\|iː\|d\|oʊ\|audio=LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-albedo.wav}}`{=mediawiki} `{{respell\|al\|BEE\|doh}}`{=mediawiki}; `{{etymology\|la\|albedo\|whiteness}}`{=mediawiki}) is the fraction of sunlight that is diffusely reflected by a body. It is measured on a scale fr...	317	Albedo	0
39	# Albedo ## Terrestrial albedo {#terrestrial_albedo} +------------------+---------------------+ \| Surface \| Typical\ \| \| \| albedo \| +==================+=====================+ \| Fresh asphalt \| 0.04{{cite web \| +------------------+---------------------+ \| Open ...	879	Albedo	1
39	# Albedo ## Examples of terrestrial albedo effects {#examples_of_terrestrial_albedo_effects} thumb\\|upright=1.3\\|The percentage of diffusely reflected sunlight relative to various surface conditions ### Illumination Albedo is not directly dependent on the illumination because changing the amount of incoming light p...	902	Albedo	2
39	# Albedo ## Examples of terrestrial albedo effects {#examples_of_terrestrial_albedo_effects} ### Solar photovoltaic effects {#solar_photovoltaic_effects} Albedo can affect the electrical energy output of solar photovoltaic devices. For example, the effects of a spectrally responsive albedo are illustrated by the diff...	950	Albedo	3
39	# Albedo ## Examples of terrestrial albedo effects {#examples_of_terrestrial_albedo_effects} ### Aerosol effects {#aerosol_effects} Aerosols (very fine particles/droplets in the atmosphere) have both direct and indirect effects on Earth\'s radiative balance. The direct (albedo) effect is generally to cool the planet;...	143	Albedo	4
39	# Albedo ## Astronomical albedo {#astronomical_albedo} thumb\\|upright=1.2\\|The moon Titan is darker than Saturn even though they receive the same amount of sunlight. This is due to a difference in albedo (0.22 versus 0.499 in geometric albedo).In astronomy, the term albedo can be defined in several different ways...	520	Albedo	5
39	# Albedo ## Astronomical albedo {#astronomical_albedo} ### Radar albedo {#radar_albedo} In planetary radar astronomy, a microwave (or radar) pulse is transmitted toward a planetary target (e.g. Moon, asteroid, etc.) and the echo from the target is measured. In most instances, the transmitted pulse is circularly polar...	434	Albedo	6
290	# A A-sharp}} `{{CS1 config\|mode=}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2019}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Infobox grapheme \| letter = A a \| script = [[Latin script]] \| type = [[Alphabet]] \| typedesc = ic \| language = [[Latin language]] \| phonemes = {{flex list\|width=2em\|[{{IPAlink\|a}}]\|[{{IPAlink\|ɑ}}]\|[{{IPAlink\|ɒ}}]\|[{{...	415	A	0
290	# A ## History The earliest known ancestor of A is aleph---the first letter of the Phoenician alphabet---where it represented a glottal stop `{{IPA\|[ʔ]}}`{=mediawiki}, as Phoenician only used consonantal letters. In turn, the ancestor of aleph may have been a pictogram of an ox head in proto-Sinaitic script influen...	702	A	1
290	# A ## Use in writing systems {#use_in_writing_systems} Orthography Phonemes ------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (pinyin) English ...	520	A	2
290	# A ## Other uses {#other_uses} - When using base-16 notation, A or a is the conventional numeral corresponding to the number 10. - In algebra, the letter a along with various other letters of the alphabet is often used to denote a variable, with various conventional meanings in different areas of mathematics. ...	719	A	3
309	# An American in Paris *An American in Paris* is a jazz-influenced symphonic poem (or tone poem) for orchestra by American composer George Gershwin first performed in 1928. It was inspired by the time that Gershwin had spent in Paris and evokes the sights and energy of the French capital during the **\[\[Années fo...	476	An American in Paris	0
309	# An American in Paris ## Composition {{-}} Gershwin based An American in Paris on a melodic fragment called \"Very Parisienne\", written in 1926 on his first visit to Paris as a gift to his hosts, Robert and Mabel Schirmer. Gershwin called it \"a rhapsodic ballet\"; it is written freely and in a much more modern i...	391	An American in Paris	1
309	# An American in Paris ## Instrumentation An American in Paris was originally scored for 3 flutes (3rd doubling on piccolo), 2 oboes, English horn, 2 clarinets in B-flat, bass clarinet in B-flat, 2 bassoons, 4 horns in F, 3 trumpets in B-flat, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, snare drum, bass drum, triangle, wood block,...	574	An American in Paris	2
309	# An American in Paris ## Recordings An American in Paris has been frequently recorded. The first recording was made for the Victor Talking Machine Company in 1929 with Nathaniel Shilkret conducting the Victor Symphony Orchestra, drawn from members of the Philadelphia Orchestra. Gershwin was on hand to \"supervise\...	327	An American in Paris	3
309	# An American in Paris ## Use in film {#use_in_film} In 1951, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer released the musical film An American in Paris, featuring Gene Kelly and Leslie Caron and directed by Vincente Minnelli. Winning the 1951 Best Picture Oscar and numerous other awards, the film featured many tunes of Gershwin and concl...	88	An American in Paris	4
330	# Actrius *Actresses* (Catalan: *Actrius) is a 1997 Catalan language Spanish drama film produced and directed by Ventura Pons and based on the award-winning stage play E.R.* by Josep Maria Benet i Jornet. The film has no male actors, with all roles played by females. The film was produced in 1996. ## Synops...	314	Actrius	0
332	# Animalia (book) *Animalia* is an illustrated children\'s book by Graeme Base. It was originally published in 1986, followed by a tenth anniversary edition in 1996, and a 25th anniversary edition in 2012. Over four million copies have been sold worldwide. A special numbered and signed anniversary edition was also...	387	Animalia (book)	0
334	# International Atomic Time International Atomic Time (abbreviated TAI, from its French name *temps atomique international*) is a high-precision atomic coordinate time standard based on the notional passage of proper time on Earth\'s geoid. TAI is a weighted average of the time kept by over 450 atomic cloc...	605	International Atomic Time	0
334	# International Atomic Time ## History Early atomic time scales consisted of quartz clocks with frequencies calibrated by a single atomic clock; the atomic clocks were not operated continuously. Atomic timekeeping services started experimentally in 1955, using the first caesium atomic clock at the National Physical L...	466	International Atomic Time	1
334	# International Atomic Time ## Relation to UTC {#relation_to_utc} Contrary to TAI, UTC is a discontinuous time scale. It is occasionally adjusted by leap seconds. Between these adjustments, it is composed of segments that are mapped to atomic time by a constant offset. From its beginning in 1961 through December 1971...	142	International Atomic Time	2
340	# Alain Connes Alain Connes (`{{IPA\|fr\|alɛ̃ kɔn\|lang}}`{=mediawiki}; born 1 April 1947) is a French mathematician, known for his contributions to the study of operator algebras and noncommutative geometry. He was a professor at the italic=no, italic=no, Ohio State University and Vanderbilt University. He was a...	618	Alain Connes	0
340	# Alain Connes ## Books - Alain Connes and Matilde Marcolli, Noncommutative Geometry, Quantum Fields and Motives, Colloquium Publications, American Mathematical Society, 2007, `{{ISBN\|978-0-8218-4210-2}}`{=mediawiki} [1](http://www.alainconnes.org/docs/bookwebfinal.pdf) - Alain Connes, André Lichnerowicz, and M...	61	Alain Connes	1
640	# Appellate procedure in the United States United States appellate procedure involves the rules and regulations for filing appeals in state courts and federal courts. The nature of an appeal can vary greatly depending on the type of case and the rules of the court in the jurisdiction where the case was prosecuted....	533	Appellate procedure in the United States	0
640	# Appellate procedure in the United States ## Ability to appeal {#ability_to_appeal} An appeal \"as of right\" is one that is guaranteed by statute or some underlying constitutional or legal principle. The appellate court cannot refuse to listen to the appeal. An appeal \"by leave\" or \"permission\" requires the app...	344	Appellate procedure in the United States	1
640	# Appellate procedure in the United States ## Direct or collateral: Appealing criminal convictions {#direct_or_collateral_appealing_criminal_convictions} Many jurisdictions recognize two types of appeals, particularly in the criminal context. The first is the traditional \"direct\" appeal in which the appellant files...	1,078	Appellate procedure in the United States	2
640	# Appellate procedure in the United States ## Appellate procedure {#appellate_procedure} Generally speaking the appellate court examines the record of evidence presented in the trial court and the law that the lower court applied and decides whether that decision was legally sound or not. The appellate court will typ...	1,229	Appellate procedure in the United States	3
640	# Appellate procedure in the United States ## Appellate procedure {#appellate_procedure} In some cases, an appellant may successfully argue that the law under which the lower decision was rendered was unconstitutional or otherwise invalid, or may convince the higher court to order a new trial on the basis that eviden...	472	Appellate procedure in the United States	4
642	# Answer (law) In law, an answer was originally a solemn assertion in opposition to someone or something, and thus generally any counter-statement or defense, a reply to a question or response, or objection, or a correct solution of a problem. In the common law, an answer is the first pleading by a defendant,...	268	Answer (law)	0
659	# American National Standards Institute ASA film speed\\|other uses\\|ANSI (disambiguation)}} `{{Distinguish\|ASCII}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Update\|date=July 2020}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Use mdy dates\|date=June 2013}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Infobox organization \| name = American National Standards Institute \| image ...	438	American National Standards Institute	0
659	# American National Standards Institute ## History ANSI was most likely formed in 1918, when five engineering societies and three government agencies founded the American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC). In 1928, the AESC became the American Standards Association (ASA). In 1966, the ASA was re...	558	American National Standards Institute	1
659	# American National Standards Institute ## International activities {#international_activities} In addition to facilitating the formation of standards in the United States, ANSI promotes the use of U.S. standards internationally, advocates U.S. policy and technical positions in international and regional standards or...	692	American National Standards Institute	2
666	# Alkali metal +----------------------------------+ \| ↓ Period \| +==================================+ \| 2 \| +----------------------------------+ \| 3 \| +----------------------------------+ \| 4 \| +-------...	745	Alkali metal	0
666	# Alkali metal ## History Sodium compounds have been known since ancient times; salt (sodium chloride) has been an important commodity in human activities. While potash has been used since ancient times, it was not understood for most of its history to be a fundamentally different substance from sodium mineral salts....	1,206	Alkali metal	1
666	# Alkali metal ## Occurrence ### In the Solar System {#in_the_solar_system} thumb\\|upright=2.5\\|Estimated abundances of the chemical elements in the Solar System. Hydrogen and helium are most common, from the Big Bang. The next three elements (lithium, beryllium, and boron) are rare because they are poorly synthesis...	920	Alkali metal	2

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Dataset Card for Enwiki Dataset

This is an automatically updating dataset containing ~7 million English Wikipedia articles, with expanded templates and converted into Markdown. This dataset was created with the intention to provide a bite-sized, LLM-readable version of Wikipedia for various applications, including RAG.

Dataset Overview

There are two main versions of the dataset:

merged-articles - Complete Wikipedia dump with all articles merged into a single file.
merged-article-chunked - Articles chunked into ~700 word segments with Markdown-header hierarchical breadcrumbs (Gemini embeddings coming soon!)

The latest version of the dataset was updated on 2025-08-16.

Blogpost coming soon!

Downloads last month: 42

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files (First 5GB):

2.53 GB

Number of rows (First 5GB):

1,540,593

Estimated number of rows:

14,640,848