Input: "Ainsi" "," "à" "titre" "d" "’" "exemple" "," "il" "n" "’" "appartenait" "pas" "à" "la" "Cour" "," "en" "substance" "," "de" "commencer" "à" "réexaminer" "," "sur" "le" "fond" "," "après" "l" "’" "adhésion" "," "si" "certaines" "dispositions" "d" "’" "un" "contrat" "conclu" "avec" "un" "consommateur" "avant" "l" "’" "adhésion" "étaient" "(" "ou" "non" ")" "abusives" "," "même" "si" "ce" "contrat" "était" "exécuté" "effectivement" "après" "l" "’" "adhésion" "(" "13" ")" "."


Input: "À" "l" "’" "inverse" "," "la" "Cour" "était" "compétente" "aux" "fins" "de" "déterminer" "si" "une" "législation" "nationale" "limitant" "les" "intérêts" "de" "retard" "afférents" "à" "une" "opération" "juridique" "conclue" "bien" "avant" "l" "’" "adhésion" "mais" "ayant" "des" "effets" "persistants" "(" "et" "leur" "calcul" "définitif" ")" "postérieurs" "à" "l" "’" "adhésion" "," "était" "compatible" "avec" "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "(" "14" ")" "."


Input: "b" ")" "Ciola"

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Input: "49" "." "Dans" "leurs" "observations" "tant" "écrites" "qu" "’" "orales" "," "le" "requérant" "et" "la" "Commission" "se" "sont" "largement" "appuyés" "sur" "l" "’" "arrêt" "prononcé" "par" "la" "Cour" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Ciola" "(" "15" ")" "."


Input: "Il" "convient" "effectivement" "d" "’" "examiner" "cet" "arrêt" "en" "détail" "," "car" "il" "indique" "comment" "les" "orientations" "générales" "définies" "dans" "la" "section" "précédente" "sont" "appliquées" "dans" "le" "contexte" "d" "’" "un" "cas" "concret" "."


Input: "50" "." "La" "date" "magique" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Ciola" "était" "le" "1er" "janvier" "1995" "," "lorsque" "la" "République" "d" "’" "Autriche" "a" "adhéré" "aux" "Communautés" "européennes" "."

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Input: "À" "cette" "date" "," "sauf" "dérogations" "expresses" "évidemment" "," "le" "droit" "communautaire" "," "en" "ce" "compris" "les" "règles" "sur" "la" "libre" "circulation" "," "est" "entré" "pleinement" "en" "vigueur" "et" "est" "devenu" "immédiatement" "applicable" "dans" "ce" "nouvel" "État" "membre" "."


Input: "51" "." "La" "société" "de" "M" "." "Ciola" "possédait" "et" "louait" "200" "emplacements" "de" "mouillage" "pour" "bateaux" "de" "plaisance" "," "situés" "dans" "la" "partie" "autrichienne" "du" "lac" "de" "Constance" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O"

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Input: "Une" "décision" "administrative" "de" "1990" "prévoyait" "qu" "’" "un" "nombre" "maximal" "de" "60" "emplacements" "de" "mouillage" "pouvait" "être" "loué" "à" "des" "résidents" "étrangers" "(" "16" ")" "."


Input: "Une" "liste" "des" "emplacements" "attribués" "à" "des" "résidents" "étrangers" "devait" "être" "fournie" "annuellement" "(" "17" ")" "."


Input: "52" "." "Le" "10" "juillet" "1996" "(" "soit" "18" "mois" "après" "l" "’" "adhésion" ")" "," "une" "nouvelle" "décision" "administrative" "individuelle" "a" "été" "adoptée" "," "déclarant" "que" "la" "société" "était" "coupable" "d" "’" "avoir" "loué" "deux" "emplacements" "de" "mouillage" "à" "des" "résidents" "étrangers" "en" "janvier" "et" "en" "mai" "1995" "," "au-delà" "du" "quota" "fixé" "à" "60" "."

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Input: "M" "." "Ciola" "s" "’" "est" "vu" "infliger" "une" "amende" "relative" "à" "chacune" "de" "ces" "infractions" "à" "la" "décision" "administrative" "de" "1990" "(" "18" ")" "."

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Input: "M" "." "Ciola" "a" "formé" "un" "recours" "contre" "la" "décision" "de" "1996" "qui" "lui" "imposait" "une" "sanction" "."

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Input: "Cette" "affaire" "a" "fait" "l" "’" "objet" "d" "’" "un" "renvoi" "préjudiciel" "devant" "la" "Cour" ";" "la" "seconde" "question" "posée" "par" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "portait" "expressément" "sur" "le" "champ" "d" "’" "application" "dans" "le" "temps" "de" "cette" "interdiction" "," "étant" "donné" "que" "la" "décision" "administrative" "originelle" "était" "devenue" "définitive" "avant" "l" "’" "adhésion" "."


Input: "53" "." "La" "Cour" "a" "commencé" "son" "raisonnement" "en" "confirmant" "que" "le" "quota" "d" "’" "emplacements" "de" "mouillage" "applicable" "aux" "résidents" "étrangers" "était" "prohibé" "par" "les" "règles" "sur" "la" "liberté" "de" "circulation" "des" "services" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "ajouté" "que" "«" "le" "litige" "ne" "concerne" "pas" "le" "sort" "de" "l" "’" "acte" "administratif" "lui-même" "," "en" "l" "’" "occurrence" "la" "décision" "du" "9" "août" "1990" "," "mais" "la" "question" "de" "savoir" "si" "un" "tel" "acte" "doit" "être" "écarté" "," "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "l" "’" "appréciation" "du" "bien-fondé" "d" "’" "une" "sanction" "[" "postérieurement" "à" "la" "date" "de" "l" "’" "adhésion" "]" "pour" "non-respect" "d" "’" "une" "obligation" "en" "découlant" "," "en" "raison" "de" "son" "incompatibilité" "avec" "le" "principe" "de" "la" "libre" "prestation" "de" "services" "»" "(" "19" ")" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "conclu" "qu" "’" "un" "tel" "acte" "devait" "être" "écarté" "."


Input: "54" "." "En" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "le" "requérant" "invoque" "l" "’" "arrêt" "Ciola" "comme" "si" "celui-ci" "établissait" "effectivement" "qu" "’" "une" "personne" "subissant" "les" "effets" "négatifs" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "administrative" "a" "le" "droit" "de" "voir" "lesdits" "effets" "neutralisés" "si" "," "de" "manière" "hypothétique" "," "cette" "même" "décision" "administrative" "aurait" "été" "incompatible" "avec" "les" "nouvelles" "dispositions" "légales" "," "si" "elle" "avait" "été" "adoptée" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "desdites" "dispositions" "."


Input: "55" "." "Cependant" "," "une" "telle" "conclusion" "ne" "découle" "pas" "de" "l" "’" "arrêt" "Ciola" "."


Input: "Dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Ciola" "," "le" "requérant" "contestait" "la" "validité" "d" "’" "une" "amende" "qui" "lui" "était" "imposée" "par" "une" "décision" "postérieure" "à" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "des" "règles" "de" "libre" "circulation" "en" "Autriche" "."


Input: "En" "outre" "," "cette" "amende" "était" "imposée" "pour" "des" "actes" "exécutés" "par" "la" "société" "de" "M" "." "Ciola" "," "à" "savoir" "la" "location" "d" "’" "emplacements" "de" "mouillage" "en" "janvier" "et" "en" "mai" "1995" "," "qui" "étaient" "eux-mêmes" "postérieurs" "à" "l" "’" "adhésion" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

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Input: "56" "." "Par" "conséquent" "," "il" "est" "assez" "clair" "pour" "cette" "raison" "que" "l" "’" "affaireCiola" "impliquait" "une" "nouvelle" "application" "de" "la" "nouvelle" "législation" "," "postérieure" "à" "l" "’" "adhésion" "," "application" "qui" "était" "logiquement" "nécessaire" "afin" "d" "’" "apprécier" "une" "situation" "nouvelle" "."


Input: "Des" "faits" "postérieurs" "à" "cette" "adhésion" "(" "la" "location" "d" "’" "emplacements" "de" "mouillage" ")" "devaient" "être" "évalués" "et" "examinés" "à" "l" "’" "aune" "de" "la" "nouvelle" "loi" "après" "l" "’" "adhésion" "(" "le" "droit" "national" "adapté" "pour" "l" "’" "avenir" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "se" "conformer" "aux" "règles" "de" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "nouvellement" "applicables" ")" "."


Input: "En" "outre" "," "il" "n" "’" "y" "avait" "pas" "," "manifestement" "," "de" "«" "neutralisation" "»" "des" "effets" "(" "passés" ")" "de" "la" "décision" "de" "1990" "," "au" "sens" "suggéré" "par" "le" "requérant" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "n" "’" "a" "pas" "indiqué" "que" "cette" "décision" "devait" "être" "révisée" "ou" "qu" "’" "une" "indemnisation" "quelconque" "devait" "être" "versée" "pour" "son" "existence" "passée" "."


Input: "Au" "lieu" "de" "cela" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "simplement" "requis" "que" "l" "’" "ancienne" "décision" "," "devenue" "incompatible" "avec" "les" "nouvelles" "lois" "post" "-" "1995" "," "ne" "puisse" "plus" "être" "appliquée" "dans" "le" "cadre" "d" "’" "une" "nouvelle" "application" "de" "la" "loi" "," "dans" "le" "contexte" "de" "l" "’" "imposition" "de" "sanctions" "administratives" "postérieures" "à" "l" "’" "adhésion" "."


Input: "2" "." "La" "jurisprudence" "spécifique" "en" "matière" "de" "pensions"


Input: "57" "." "L" "’" "approche" "générale" "exposée" "dans" "la" "section" "précédente" "trouve" "également" "à" "s" "’" "appliquer" "dans" "le" "contexte" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "et" "des" "régimes" "de" "pension" "(" "20" ")" "."


Input: "Toutefois" "," "la" "manière" "précise" "dont" "ces" "règles" "s" "’" "appliquent" "aux" "cas" "individuels" "ne" "va" "pas" "nécessairement" "de" "soi" "."


Input: "Les" "spécificités" "des" "régimes" "de" "pension" "ne" "peuvent" "être" "ignorées" "."


Input: "Les" "droits" "sont" "accumulés" "et" "les" "pensions" "versées" "pendant" "des" "décennies" "," "au" "cours" "desquelles" "les" "lois" "peuvent" "évoluer" "de" "façon" "considérable" "."


Input: "Le" "fait" "que" "les" "contentieux" "relatifs" "aux" "pensions" "impliquent" "des" "sommes" "d" "’" "argent" "aussi" "considérables" "pour" "l" "’" "individu" "et" "," "de" "manière" "globale" "," "pour" "l" "’" "État" "et" "les" "fonds" "de" "pension" "privés" "," "rend" "cette" "question" "plus" "délicate" "."


Input: "58" "." "C" "’" "est" "en" "effet" "une" "caractéristique" "importante" "," "qui" "apparaît" "au" "fil" "des" "arrêts" "qui" "seront" "évoqués" "dans" "cette" "section" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "des" "pensions" "."


Input: "La" "vaste" "majorité" "de" "ces" "arrêts" "implique" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "de" "pensions" "qui" "ont" "été" "adoptées" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "des" "nouvelles" "règles" "."


Input: "a" ")" "Faits" "anciens" "," "loi" "nouvelle" "et" "nécessité" "d" "’" "une" "nouvelle" "décision"


Input: "59" "." "Il" "existe" "nombre" "d" "’" "arrêts" "portant" "spécifiquement" "sur" "les" "pensions" "," "dans" "lesquels" "la" "Cour" "a" "confirmé" "qu" "’" "en" "établissant" "un" "droit" "à" "pension" "," "il" "convient" "de" "prendre" "en" "considération" "les" "faits" "antérieurs" "à" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "nouvelles" "règles" "interdisant" "la" "discrimination" "(" "en" "particulier" "," "les" "périodes" "de" "service" ")" "."


Input: "60" "." "Ainsi" "," "par" "exemple" "," "les" "affaires" "Bruno" "et" "O" "’" "Brien" "(" "21" ")" "portaient" "sur" "l" "’" "égalité" "de" "traitement" "des" "travailleurs" "à" "temps" "partiel" "et" "à" "temps" "plein" "," "prévue" "par" "la" "directive" "97" "/" "81" "/" "CE" "(" "22" ")" "."


Input: "Dans" "ces" "arrêts" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "jugé" "que" "," "afin" "d" "’" "établir" "si" "un" "individu" "peut" "bénéficier" "d" "’" "une" "pension" "," "les" "périodes" "d" "’" "emploi" "à" "temps" "partiel" "antérieures" "à" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "la" "directive" "susmentionnée" "devaient" "être" "prises" "en" "compte" "(" "23" ")" "."


Input: "Dans" "ces" "deux" "arrêts" "," "le" "droit" "à" "pension" "se" "devait" "d" "’" "être" "établi" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "la" "directive" "(" "24" ")" "."


Input: "61" "." "Tel" "était" "aussi" "le" "cas" "dans" "les" "affaires" "Barber" "(" "25" ")" "et" "Ten" "Oever" "(" "26" ")" "," "qui" "portaient" "sur" "une" "discrimination" "alléguée" "," "fondée" "sur" "le" "sexe" "et" "contraire" "à" "l" "’" "article" "119" "CE" "."


Input: "Dans" "ces" "affaires" "," "le" "droit" "à" "pension" "a" "été" "déterminé" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "l" "’" "article" "119" "CEE" "(" "27" ")" "."


Input: "62" "." "Dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Maruko" "(" "28" ")" "," "le" "problème" "portait" "sur" "le" "refus" "du" "droit" "à" "une" "pension" "de" "survie" "," "résultant" "d" "’" "une" "discrimination" "alléguée" "," "fondée" "sur" "l" "’" "orientation" "sexuelle" "et" "violant" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "."


Input: "Comme" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Ten" "Oever" "(" "29" ")" "," "l" "’" "événement" "pertinent" "est" "survenu" "et" "la" "décision" "nouvelle" "a" "été" "prise" "(" "à" "savoir" "le" "décès" "d" "’" "un" "partenaire" "et" "la" "décision" "de" "refus" "d" "’" "octroi" "d" "’" "une" "pension" "de" "survie" ")" "après" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "ladite" "directive" "(" "30" ")" "."


Input: "63" "." "Les" "affaires" "Kauer" "et" "Duchon" "concernaient" "effectivement" "une" "discrimination" "fondée" "sur" "la" "nationalité" "(" "31" ")" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Dans" "ces" "affaires" "," "les" "parties" "requérantes" "avaient" "formé" "une" "demande" "de" "pension" "en" "Autriche" "après" "l" "’" "adhésion" "et" "avaient" "demandé" "que" "certains" "faits" "survenus" "dans" "d" "’" "autres" "États" "membres" "avant" "l" "’" "adhésion" "soient" "pris" "en" "compte" "(" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Kauer" "," "il" "s" "’" "agissait" "de" "périodes" "d" "’" "éducation" "d" "’" "un" "enfant" "en" "Belgique" "et" "," "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Duchon" "," "d" "’" "un" "accident" "de" "travail" "survenu" "en" "Allemagne" "," "entraînant" "une" "incapacité" ")" "."


Input: "64" "." "En" "résumé" "," "les" "affaires" "en" "matière" "de" "pensions" "visées" "précédemment" "impliquent" "toutes" "des" "situations" "où" "des" "faits" "antérieurs" "à" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "sont" "pris" "en" "considération" "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "l" "’" "adoption" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "postérieure" "à" "cette" "même" "loi" "."


Input: "Cela" "correspond" "parfaitement" "au" "schéma" "de" "la" "jurisprudence" "générale" "évoquée" "ci-dessus" ":" "il" "s" "’" "agit" "d" "’" "une" "situation" "factuelle" "en" "cours" "," "à" "l" "’" "égard" "de" "laquelle" "il" "convient" "de" "réaliser" "une" "nouvelle" "appréciation" "juridique" "à" "la" "suite" "de" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "."


Input: "Dans" "de" "telles" "situations" "," "il" "est" "parfaitement" "logique" "," "en" "particulier" "dans" "le" "contexte" "de" "la" "sécurité" "sociale" "," "que" "tous" "les" "éléments" "factuels" "pertinents" "antérieurs" "à" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "soient" "pris" "en" "compte" "."


Input: "65" "." "Pour" "cette" "raison" "," "à" "mon" "sens" "," "cette" "jurisprudence" "ne" "peut" "pas" "être" "transposée" "au" "cas" "d" "’" "espèce" "où" "les" "faits" "," "la" "loi" "applicable" "et" "la" "décision" "administrative" "elle-même" "sont" "antérieurs" "à" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "."


Input: "Les" "seuls" "faits" "postérieurs" "à" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "sont" "les" "versements" "de" "pension" "qui" "sont" "effectués" "au" "profit" "du" "requérant" "."


Input: "66" "." "Cela" "est" "d" "’" "autant" "plus" "vrai" "que" "," "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "cette" "affaire" "," "la" "décision" "prétendument" "discriminatoire" "implique" "une" "appréciation" "et" "une" "application" "de" "la" "loi" "à" "des" "faits" "qui" "ne" "sont" "pas" "eux-mêmes" "directement" "liés" "au" "droit" "à" "pension" "ou" "à" "son" "calcul" "."


Input: "La" "discrimination" "alléguée" "porte" "sur" "une" "décision" "disciplinaire" "qui" "," "en" "ayant" "confirmé" "la" "culpabilité" "du" "requérant" "," "a" "imposé" "une" "double" "sanction" "disciplinaire" "à" "son" "égard" "(" "32" ")" "."


Input: "L" "’" "on" "ne" "peut" "évidemment" "pas" "nier" "que" "cette" "décision" "a" "eu" "un" "impact" "sur" "la" "pension" "du" "requérant" "(" "33" ")" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "contrairement" "aux" "arrêts" "évoqués" "dans" "cette" "section" "," "la" "présente" "affaire" "ne" "porte" "pas" "," "à" "titre" "d" "’" "exemple" "," "sur" "des" "conditions" "objectives" "du" "droit" "à" "pension" "," "relatives" "à" "des" "situations" "d" "’" "ordre" "personnel" "ou" "à" "des" "périodes" "de" "service" "."


Input: "Au" "contraire" "," "elle" "porte" "sur" "une" "décision" "disciplinaire" "sous-jacente" "et" "distincte" "," "relative" "à" "un" "ensemble" "spécifique" "de" "faits" "."


Input: "b" ")" "Pensions" "existantes" "," "loi" "nouvelle" "et" "situations" "actuelles"


Input: "67" "." "L" "’" "arrêt" "Römer" "(" "34" ")" "," "qui" "a" "été" "cité" "par" "toutes" "les" "parties" "," "ne" "s" "’" "inscrit" "pas" "aussi" "bien" "dans" "le" "schéma" "susmentionné" "."


Input: "Il" "est" "donc" "nécessaire" "de" "l" "’" "examiner" "de" "manière" "plus" "détaillée" "."


Input: "68" "." "En" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "le" "requérant" "était" "en" "fait" "déjà" "retraité" "et" "percevait" "sa" "pension" "lorsqu" "’" "en" "2001" "(" "en" "d" "’" "autres" "termes" "," "avant" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" ")" "," "il" "a" "conclu" "un" "partenariat" "de" "vie" "avec" "son" "compagnon" "."


Input: "M" "." "Römer" "s" "’" "est" "vu" "refuser" "la" "catégorisation" "fiscale" "qui" "aurait" "normalement" "dû" "être" "appliquée" "en" "cas" "de" "mariage" "(" "hétérosexuel" ")" "(" "35" ")" "et" "qui" "lui" "aurait" "permis" "d" "’" "obtenir" "une" "pension" "plus" "élevée" "."


Input: "69" "." "La" "Cour" "a" "jugé" "en" "substance" "que" "," "dans" "la" "mesure" "où" "il" "y" "avait" "une" "discrimination" "," "M" "." "Römer" "pouvait" "prétendre" "à" "l" "’" "égalité" "de" "traitement" "fiscal" "à" "compter" "del" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "."


Input: "À" "l" "’" "inverse" "des" "autres" "affaires" "évoquées" "précédemment" "," "toutefois" "," "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Römer" "," "le" "droit" "à" "pension" "du" "requérant" "avait" "fait" "l" "’" "objet" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "avant" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "des" "nouvelles" "règles" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "le" "problème" "portait" "sur" "une" "discrimination" "persistante" "," "liée" "aux" "versements" "ultérieurs" "et" "à" "la" "situation" "fiscale" "du" "requérant" "."


Input: "70" "." "Cependant" "," "la" "présente" "affaire" "diffère" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "Römer" "," "pour" "deux" "raisons" "en" "particulier" "."


Input: "71" "." "Premièrement" "," "certes" "," "la" "situation" "fiscale" "de" "M" "." "Römer" "avait" "été" "déterminée" "avant" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "et" "," "en" "ce" "sens" "," "il" "s" "’" "agissait" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "«" "définitive" "»" "."


Input: "Il" "est" "toutefois" "également" "vrai" "que" "la" "loi" "nationale" "pertinente" "permettait" "une" "révision" "du" "traitement" "fiscal" "en" "cas" "de" "changement" "de" "circonstances" "sur" "le" "plan" "personnel" "."


Input: "Par" "conséquent" "," "ainsi" "que" "la" "Cour" "l" "’" "a" "confirmé" "," "en" "vertu" "du" "droit" "national" "applicable" "," "«" "si" "les" "conditions" "prévues" "[" "pour" "une" "catégorisation" "fiscale" "plus" "favorable" "]" "ne" "sont" "réunies" "qu" "’" "à" "une" "date" "postérieure" "au" "début" "du" "versement" "de" "la" "pension" "de" "retraite" "," "il" "convient" "," "si" "l" "’" "intéressé" "le" "demande" "," "d" "’" "appliquer" "cette" "dernière" "disposition" "à" "partir" "de" "cette" "date" "»" "(" "36" ")" "."


Input: "72" "." "À" "ce" "titre" "," "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Römer" "," "il" "existait" "un" "mécanisme" "pour" "adopter" "de" "nouvelles" "décisions" "," "prenant" "en" "compte" "les" "changements" "de" "circonstances" "personnelles" "nouveaux" "et" "pertinents" "aux" "fins" "des" "calculs" "en" "matière" "de" "sécurité" "sociale" "."


Input: "73" "." "Deuxièmement" "," "et" "plus" "fondamentalement" "," "en" "laissant" "de" "côté" "la" "clause" "de" "révision" "susmentionnée" "," "l" "’" "arrêt" "Römerconcerne" "la" "façon" "dont" "les" "nouvelles" "règles" "(" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" ")" "sont" "susceptibles" "de" "trouver" "à" "s" "’" "appliquer" "à" "la" "situation" "personnelle" "actuelle" "d" "’" "un" "individu" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "réviser" "une" "décision" "relative" "à" "ses" "droits" "à" "pension" "."


Input: "74" "." "Cela" "est" "," "selon" "moi" "," "totalement" "différent" "du" "type" "d" "’" "application" "ratione" "temporis" "postulé" "par" "le" "requérant" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "."


Input: "Dans" "la" "présente" "affaire" "," "ce" "qui" "est" "suggéré" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "la" "prise" "en" "compte" "(" "prévue" "par" "la" "loi" ")" "d" "’" "une" "situation" "personnelle" "en" "vue" "d" "’" "une" "adaptation" "future" "," "mais" "une" "révision" "," "à" "la" "lumière" "de" "nouvelles" "règles" "de" "droit" "," "d" "’" "un" "ensemble" "fermé" "de" "faits" "survenus" "de" "nombreuses" "années" "auparavant" "et" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "disciplinaire" "adoptée" "en" "rapport" "avec" "ces" "faits" "," "dans" "le" "but" "d" "’" "altérer" "leurs" "répercussions" "sur" "les" "droits" "à" "pension" "du" "requérant" "."


Input: "c" ")" "Des" "exceptions" "à" "la" "règle" "?"


Input: "75" "." "Il" "est" "vrai" "que" "," "dans" "des" "arrêts" "isolés" "de" "la" "Cour" "," "la" "décision" "sur" "l" "’" "octroi" "de" "la" "pension" "et" "tous" "les" "faits" "pertinents" "semblent" "précéder" "les" "nouvelles" "règles" "."


Input: "En" "d" "’" "autres" "termes" "," "une" "décision" "visant" "à" "octroyer" "(" "ou" "non" ")" "une" "pension" "et" "portant" "sur" "le" "niveau" "de" "ce" "droit" "a" "été" "prise" "," "mais" "les" "nouvelles" "règles" "sont" "apparemment" "invoquées" "en" "vue" "de" "rouvrir" "ladite" "décision" "," "sans" "que" "surviennent" "de" "nouveaux" "faits" "ou" "un" "changement" "de" "circonstances" "personnelles" "."


Input: "76" "." "Cependant" "," "de" "tels" "arrêts" "sont" "rares" "en" "pratique" "et" "," "à" "la" "suite" "d" "’" "un" "examen" "attentif" "," "ils" "peuvent" "être" "aisément" "distingués" "."


Input: "Dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "P" "." "(" "37" ")" "," "la" "partie" "requérante" "était" "le" "conjoint" "divorcé" "d" "’" "un" "fonctionnaire" "de" "la" "Commission" "."


Input: "Au" "moment" "du" "décès" "du" "fonctionnaire" "," "P" "." "n" "’" "avait" "pas" "droit" "à" "une" "pension" "de" "survie" "," "car" "le" "divorce" "n" "’" "avait" "pas" "été" "prononcé" "aux" "torts" "exclusifs" "de" "l" "’" "époux" "décédé" "."


Input: "Seulement" "quelques" "mois" "après" "son" "décès" "," "de" "nouvelles" "règles" "sont" "entrées" "en" "vigueur" "," "selon" "lesquelles" "P" "." "aurait" "eu" "droit" "à" "une" "pension" "de" "survie" "(" "38" ")" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "effectivement" "appliqué" "ces" "nouvelles" "règles" "," "qui" "ont" "conféré" "à" "P" "." "le" "droit" "à" "une" "pension" "à" "partir" "de" "la" "date" "d" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "desdites" "nouvelles" "règles" "."


Input: "77" "." "L" "’" "affaire" "P" "." "présentait" "néanmoins" "certains" "traits" "particuliers" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "En" "fait" "," "la" "Commission" "a" "fortement" "soutenu" "l" "’" "application" "des" "nouvelles" "dispositions" "(" "elle" "contestait" "le" "versement" "de" "la" "pension" "pour" "d" "’" "autres" "motifs" ")" "."


Input: "Les" "autres" "institutions" "appliquaient" "ces" "dispositions" "avec" "effet" "immédiat" "," "et" "ne" "pas" "procéder" "de" "la" "sorte" "aurait" "," "selon" "la" "Commission" "," "engendré" "une" "discrimination" "entre" "fonctionnaires" "."


Input: "De" "plus" "," "la" "décision" "originelle" "portant" "refus" "d" "’" "octroi" "d" "’" "une" "pension" "au" "profit" "de" "P" "." "a" "été" "prise" "," "concrètement" "," "quelques" "jours" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "des" "nouvelles" "règles" "(" "bien" "que" "le" "décès" "de" "l" "’" "ex-époux" "fût" "antérieur" ")" "."


Input: "78" "." "Dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Brock" "," "le" "requérant" "s" "’" "était" "vu" "octroyer" "une" "pension" "d" "’" "invalidité" "en" "1958" "."


Input: "En" "1961" "," "celle-ci" "a" "été" "transformée" "en" "pension" "de" "vieillesse" "(" "39" ")" "."


Input: "La" "question" "était" "essentiellement" "de" "savoir" "si" "les" "nouvelles" "règles" "imposant" "de" "tenir" "compte" "des" "contributions" "versées" "dans" "d" "’" "autres" "États" "membres" "," "entrées" "en" "vigueur" "le" "1er" "janvier" "1964" "," "s" "’" "appliquaient" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "jugé" "que" "lesdites" "règles" "trouvaient" "à" "s" "’" "appliquer" "."


Input: "79" "." "Selon" "moi" "," "il" "est" "significatif" "que" "," "dans" "cette" "affaire" "," "la" "législation" "pertinente" "comprenait" "une" "disposition" "qui" "prévoyait" "explicitement" "une" "révision" "des" "pensions" "calculées" "avant" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "cette" "même" "législation" "."


Input: "80" "." "Cependant" "," "l" "’" "élément" "le" "plus" "important" "qui" "distingue" "les" "affaires" "P" "." "et" "Brock" "de" "la" "présente" "affaire" "est" "que" "les" "décisions" "pertinentes" "dans" "lesdites" "affaires" "portaient" "sur" "l" "’" "appréciation" "des" "conditions" "d" "’" "octroi" "de" "la" "pension" "sous" "l" "’" "empire" "des" "nouvelles" "règles" "de" "droit" "."


Input: "81" "." "Cela" "diffère" "manifestement" "de" "l" "’" "appréciation" "d" "’" "un" "comportement" "passé" "au" "regard" "de" "nouvelles" "règles" "de" "droit" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "déterminer" "à" "quel" "point" "une" "décision" "(" "disciplinaire" ")" "et" "ses" "répercussions" "sur" "les" "droits" "à" "pension" "subséquents" "auraient" "pu" "être" "différentes" "."


Input: "82" "." "Ainsi" "," "par" "exemple" "," "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "P" "." "," "l" "’" "épouse" "divorcée" "n" "’" "a" "pas" "sollicité" "un" "réexamen" "de" "son" "divorce" "aux" "fins" "de" "déterminer" "si" "son" "ex-époux" "était" "seul" "responsable" "."


Input: "Dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Brock" "," "la" "partie" "invalide" "n" "’" "a" "pas" "demandé" "un" "réexamen" "des" "circonstances" "de" "son" "accident" "aux" "fins" "de" "déterminer" "s" "’" "il" "pouvait" "être" "qualifié" "d" "’" "accident" "de" "travail" "."


Input: "Toutes" "les" "décisions" "quant" "à" "la" "responsabilité" "du" "divorce" "ou" "à" "l" "’" "accident" "étaient" "définitives" "," "tout" "comme" "," "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "l" "’" "est" "aussi" "."


Input: "83" "." "En" "somme" "," "des" "arrêts" "tels" "que" "P" "." "et" "Brock" "ont" "certes" "un" "«" "parfum" "rétroactif" "plus" "prononcé" "»" "à" "première" "vue" "que" "les" "autres" "affaires" "visées" "précédemment" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Cependant" "," "au-delà" "du" "fait" "qu" "’" "il" "s" "’" "agit" "d" "’" "arrêts" "relativement" "anciens" "et" "isolés" "," "ils" "peuvent" "clairement" "être" "distingués" "de" "la" "présente" "affaire" "."


Input: "En" "tout" "état" "de" "cause" "," "à" "mon" "sens" "," "il" "est" "clair" "que" "de" "tels" "arrêts" "ne" "peuvent" "être" "interprétés" "de" "telle" "sorte" "que" "l" "’" "adoption" "de" "nouvelles" "règles" "donne" "naissance" "à" "un" "droit" "absolu" "d" "’" "obtenir" "une" "révision" "de" "toutes" "les" "décisions" "administratives" "sous-jacentes" "et" "antérieures" "," "qui" "sont" "devenues" "définitives" "par" "ailleurs" "," "à" "la" "lumière" "de" "ces" "nouvelles" "règles" "," "ainsi" "qu" "’" "une" "adaptation" "correspondante" "quant" "aux" "pensions" "versées" "."


Input: "d" ")" "Dispositions" "transitoires"


Input: "84" "." "Enfin" "," "dans" "le" "contexte" "des" "droits" "à" "pension" "," "un" "autre" "courant" "jurisprudentiel" "digne" "d" "’" "être" "évoqué" "concerne" "la" "directive" "79" "/" "7" "/" "CEE" "(" "40" ")" "."


Input: "Cette" "directive" "a" "obligé" "les" "États" "membres" "à" "mettre" "en" "œuvre" "le" "principe" "de" "l" "’" "égalité" "de" "traitement" "entre" "les" "hommes" "et" "les" "femmes" "en" "matière" "de" "sécurité" "sociale" "."


Input: "Dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "ce" "processus" "," "les" "États" "membres" "ont" "modifié" "les" "règles" "de" "droit" "national" "relatives" "aux" "prestations" "sociales" "afin" "d" "’" "éliminer" "les" "discriminations" "fondées" "sur" "le" "sexe" "."


Input: "85" "." "Ces" "changements" "législatifs" "ont" "abouti" "à" "de" "nombreux" "renvois" "préjudiciels" "devant" "la" "Cour" "."


Input: "Dans" "la" "mesure" "où" "elles" "sont" "pertinentes" "ici" "," "ces" "affaires" "concernaient" "des" "requérantes" "qui" "," "sur" "la" "base" "de" "règles" "de" "droit" "national" "discriminatoires" "," "s" "’" "étaient" "vu" "refuser" "des" "prestations" "de" "sécurité" "sociale" "en" "vertu" "de" "décisions" "adoptées" "avant" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "la" "directive" "concernée" "."


Input: "Elles" "cherchaient" "," "en" "conséquence" "," "à" "obtenir" "ces" "prestations" "après" "l" "’" "expiration" "dudit" "délai" "par" "application" "des" "nouvelles" "règles" "non" "discriminatoires" "."


Input: "86" "." "Les" "arrêts" "rendus" "par" "la" "Cour" "ont" "confirmé" "à" "plusieurs" "reprises" "que" "les" "effets" "de" "la" "discrimination" "se" "devaient" "d" "’" "être" "éliminés" "après" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "à" "l" "’" "issue" "d" "’" "un" "examen" "attentif" "," "ces" "affaires" "se" "révèlent" "à" "nouveau" "très" "différentes" "de" "celle" "qui" "se" "présente" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "."


Input: "87" "." "Par" "exemple" "," "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "Borrie" "Clarke" "(" "41" ")" "," "le" "droit" "national" "imposait" "aux" "femmes" "qui" "sollicitaient" "une" "pension" "d" "’" "invalidité" "une" "condition" "supplémentaire" "par" "rapport" "aux" "hommes" "(" "l" "’" "inaptitude" "à" "effectuer" "des" "tâches" "domestiques" ")" "."


Input: "La" "requérante" "ne" "satisfaisait" "pas" "à" "cette" "condition" "supplémentaire" "et" "sa" "demande" "de" "pension" "a" "été" "rejetée" "en" "1983" "."


Input: "Afin" "de" "se" "conformer" "à" "la" "directive" "," "le" "droit" "national" "a" "été" "modifié" "par" "la" "suite" "."


Input: "La" "pension" "d" "’" "invalidité" "a" "été" "remplacée" "par" "une" "allocation" "d" "’" "invalidité" "et" "de" "nouvelles" "conditions" "ont" "été" "imposées" "," "conditions" "qui" "étaient" "identiques" "pour" "les" "deux" "sexes" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "la" "transition" "," "les" "personnes" "qui" "avaient" "obtenu" "une" "pension" "d" "’" "invalidité" "avant" "la" "nouvelle" "loi" "recevaient" "automatiquement" "l" "’" "allocation" "évoquée" "précédemment" "," "sans" "devoir" "satisfaire" "aux" "nouvelles" "conditions" "."


Input: "À" "ce" "titre" "," "les" "dispositions" "transitoires" "réitéraient" "et" "perpétuaient" "ainsi" "de" "facto" "la" "discrimination" "."


Input: "88" "." "La" "Cour" "a" "estimé" "que" "«" "si" "," "à" "partir" "de" "[" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "]" "," "un" "homme" "se" "trouvant" "dans" "la" "même" "situation" "qu" "’" "une" "femme" "avait" "accès" "automatiquement" "à" "la" "nouvelle" "allocation" "pour" "invalidité" "grave" "au" "titre" "des" "dispositions" "transitoires" "précitées" "sans" "avoir" "à" "établir" "à" "nouveau" "ses" "droits" "," "la" "femme" "y" "aurait" "également" "droit" "sans" "devoir" "remplir" "une" "condition" "supplémentaire" "applicable" "avant" "cette" "date" "uniquement" "aux" "femmes" "mariées" "»" "(" "42" ")" "."


Input: "89" "." "Selon" "moi" "," "la" "situation" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Borrie" "Clarke" "est" "comparable" "à" "celle" "d" "’" "autres" "affaires" "en" "matière" "de" "pensions" "," "précédemment" "évoquées" "dans" "la" "section" "a" "."


Input: "Les" "dispositions" "transitoires" "constituaient" "en" "effet" "une" "nouvelle" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "(" "ou" "," "à" "tout" "le" "moins" "," "un" "renouvellement" "de" "l" "’" "ancienne" "décision" "," "sous" "l" "’" "empire" "de" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" ")" "des" "dispositions" "discriminatoires" "pour" "le" "futur" "."


Input: "À" "ce" "titre" "," "cette" "jurisprudence" "peut" "à" "nouveau" "être" "clairement" "distinguée" "de" "la" "présente" "affaire" "."


Input: "90" "." "Un" "même" "type" "de" "situation" "peut" "apparaître" "dans" "d" "’" "autres" "arrêts" "," "quoique" "ceux-ci" "portent" "sur" "des" "prestations" "de" "nature" "différente" "(" "43" ")" "."


Input: "3" "." "Relations" "en" "cours"


Input: "91" "." "Dans" "ses" "observations" "écrites" "," "la" "Commission" "s" "’" "est" "aussi" "référée" "à" "l" "’" "arrêt" "Österreichischer" "Gewerkschaftsbund" "(" "44" ")" "," "établissant" "un" "parallèle" "avec" "les" "discriminations" "persistantes" "concernant" "le" "paiement" "de" "salaires" "mensuels" "."


Input: "Cela" "concorde" "avec" "les" "arguments" "du" "requérant" "," "qui" "renvoient" "à" "plusieurs" "reprises" "à" "la" "discrimination" "persistante" "," "revêtant" "la" "forme" "de" "versements" "de" "pension" "réduits" "," "effectués" "à" "échéance" "régulière" "."


Input: "92" "." "Dans" "la" "mesure" "où" "la" "référence" "à" "cette" "jurisprudence" "pourrait" "être" "perçue" "comme" "appuyant" "un" "argument" "différent" "de" "celui" "que" "j" "’" "ai" "analysé" "dans" "la" "section" "précédente" "," "je" "ne" "vois" "pas" "en" "quoi" "elle" "pourrait" "venir" "en" "aide" "aux" "prétentions" "du" "requérant" "."


Input: "Selon" "moi" "," "cette" "jurisprudence" "est" "," "à" "nouveau" "," "tout" "simplement" "différente" "."


Input: "93" "." "Dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "Österreichischer" "Gewerkschaftsbund" "(" "45" ")" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "calculer" "le" "salaire" "des" "enseignants" "sous" "contrat" "," "le" "droit" "autrichien" "prenait" "pleinement" "en" "compte" "l" "’" "expérience" "d" "’" "enseignement" "antérieure" "," "acquise" "en" "Autriche" "."


Input: "L" "’" "expérience" "acquise" "dans" "d" "’" "autres" "États" "membres" "n" "’" "était" "prise" "en" "considération" "qu" "’" "à" "un" "degré" "limité" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "jugé" "que" "cette" "restriction" "était" "contraire" "à" "la" "libre" "circulation" "des" "travailleurs" "."


Input: "Elle" "a" "également" "estimé" "qu" "’" "afin" "de" "remédier" "à" "la" "discrimination" "constatée" "," "l" "’" "expérience" "acquise" "dans" "d" "’" "autres" "États" "membres" "devait" "être" "prise" "en" "compte" "dans" "sa" "totalité" "," "même" "si" "elle" "avait" "été" "acquise" "avant" "l" "’" "adhésion" "de" "l" "’" "Autriche" "."


Input: "94" "." "L" "’" "arrêt" "Österreichischer" "Gewerkschaftsbund" "est" "," "en" "fait" "," "l" "’" "un" "de" "ces" "nombreux" "arrêts" "dans" "lesquels" "la" "Cour" "a" "affirmé" "en" "substance" "que" "," "dans" "les" "relations" "d" "’" "emploi" "," "des" "faits" "antérieurs" "à" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "règles" "nouvelles" "peuvent" "nécessiter" "une" "prise" "en" "compte" "aux" "fins" "de" "la" "détermination" "du" "salaire" "des" "employés" "," "s" "’" "ils" "sont" "pertinents" "pour" "cette" "appréciation" "sous" "l" "’" "empire" "du" "nouveau" "régime" "légal" "(" "46" ")" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "à" "titre" "d" "’" "exemple" "," "dans" "une" "série" "d" "’" "arrêts" "," "commençant" "par" "l" "’" "arrêt" "Hütter" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "jugé" "que" "les" "dispositions" "de" "droit" "autrichien" "prenant" "en" "compte" "l" "’" "expérience" "professionnelle" "acquise" "avant" "l" "’" "âge" "de" "18" "ans" "aux" "fins" "de" "la" "détermination" "de" "l" "’" "échelon" "salarial" "des" "agents" "de" "l" "’" "État" "était" "contraire" "à" "l" "’" "interdiction" "de" "discrimination" "fondée" "sur" "l" "’" "âge" "," "en" "vertu" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "(" "47" ")" "."


Input: "Les" "échelons" "salariaux" "ont" "dû" "être" "adaptés" "afin" "d" "’" "éliminer" "la" "discrimination" "," "en" "ce" "compris" "lorsque" "l" "’" "expérience" "pertinente" "avait" "été" "acquise" "avant" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "cette" "directive" "."


Input: "95" "." "Selon" "moi" "," "il" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "possible" "d" "’" "établir" "des" "parallèles" "directs" "entre" "ces" "arrêts" "," "impliquant" "des" "adaptations" "salariales" "afin" "de" "remédier" "à" "une" "discrimination" "," "et" "des" "affaires" "telles" "que" "la" "présente" "," "pour" "une" "raison" "simple" ":" "les" "relations" "d" "’" "emploi" "dans" "des" "situations" "telles" "que" "celles" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "Österreichischer" "Gewerkschaftsbund" "étaient" "des" "relations" "en" "cours" "," "avec" "des" "droits" "et" "des" "obligations" "réciproques" "et" "actuels" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "un" "employé" "a" "un" "échelon" "ou" "un" "grade" "et" "un" "nombre" "spécifique" "d" "’" "années" "d" "’" "expérience" "pertinente" "," "qui" "sont" "utilisés" "chaque" "mois" "comme" "base" "de" "calcul" "de" "son" "salaire" "."


Input: "Par" "conséquent" "," "il" "y" "a" "un" "«" "renouvellement" "»" "," "qui" "intervient" "chaque" "mois" "," "une" "application" "renouvelée" "des" "lois" "existantes" "pour" "les" "besoins" "du" "calcul" "du" "salaire" "approprié" "," "nécessitant" "des" "mises" "à" "jour" "courantes" "," "en" "fonction" "des" "lois" "nouvelles" "et" "des" "changements" "de" "situation" "personnelle" "(" "48" ")" "."


Input: "Cela" "est" "effectivement" "comparable" "," "d" "’" "une" "certaine" "façon" "," "au" "scénario" "qui" "caractérisait" "l" "’" "affaire" "Römer" "," "où" "des" "dispositions" "législatives" "spécifiques" "quant" "à" "un" "changement" "de" "situation" "personnelle" "du" "requérant" "permettaient" "un" "«" "renouvellement" "»" "similaire" "(" "49" ")" "."


Input: "96" "." "Par" "opposition" "," "dans" "des" "affaires" "telles" "qu" "’" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "la" "relation" "de" "travail" "a" "pris" "fin" "(" "50" ")" "," "tous" "les" "droits" "à" "pension" "ont" "été" "accumulés" "bien" "avant" "cette" "époque" "et" "une" "décision" "disciplinaire" "portant" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "de" "ceux-ci" "a" "été" "adoptée" "en" "1975" "sur" "la" "base" "d" "’" "événements" "passés" "et" "est" "devenue" "définitive" "."


Input: "Les" "effets" "concrets" "de" "cette" "décision" "se" "font" "encore" "sentir" "," "à" "l" "’" "instar" "de" "n" "’" "importe" "quel" "événement" "passé" "," "mais" "il" "n" "’" "y" "a" "plus" "de" "relation" "en" "cours" "qui" "nécessiterait" "de" "procéder" "à" "un" "(" "ré" ")" "examen" "sous" "l" "’" "empire" "de" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "."


Input: "Il" "n" "’" "y" "a" "pas" "de" "faits" "passés" "qui" "seraient" "continuellement" "pertinents" "."


Input: "En" "ce" "sens" "," "les" "effets" "juridiques" "de" "ces" "faits" "passés" "ont" "effectivement" "été" "épuisés" "."


Input: "4" "." "La" "réouverture" "de" "décisions" "passées"


Input: "97" "." "Enfin" "," "afin" "de" "fournir" "un" "exposé" "complet" "," "il" "convient" "d" "’" "ajouter" "qu" "’" "il" "existe" "également" "," "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "en" "sus" "des" "règles" "concernant" "l" "’" "application" "dans" "le" "temps" "de" "nouvelles" "règles" "à" "des" "faits" "passés" "et" "/" "ou" "à" "des" "relations" "juridiques" "en" "cours" "," "une" "obligation" "limitée" "de" "rouvrir" "les" "décisions" "passées" "si" "elles" "sont" "incompatibles" "avec" "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "."


Input: "98" "." "La" "jurisprudence" "de" "la" "Cour" "souligne" "l" "’" "importance" "du" "principe" "de" "l" "’" "autorité" "de" "la" "chose" "jugée" "," "pour" "des" "raisons" "de" "stabilité" "du" "droit" "et" "des" "relations" "juridiques" "," "et" "pour" "une" "bonne" "administration" "de" "la" "justice" "."


Input: "Les" "décisions" "devenues" "définitives" "après" "épuisement" "des" "voies" "de" "recours" "disponibles" "ou" "après" "expiration" "des" "délais" "prévus" "pour" "ces" "recours" "ne" "peuvent" "plus" "être" "remises" "en" "cause" "(" "51" ")" "."


Input: "Tel" "est" "le" "cas" "," "même" "si" "procéder" "ainsi" "permettrait" "à" "une" "juridiction" "nationale" "de" "remédier" "à" "une" "violation" "du" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "par" "la" "décision" "en" "cause" "(" "52" ")" "."


Input: "99" "." "Il" "est" "vrai" "que" "des" "décisions" "définitives" "peuvent" "être" "rouvertes" "," "mais" "cela" "n" "’" "est" "possible" "qu" "’" "en" "présence" "de" "circonstances" "réellement" "exceptionnelles" "."


Input: "Celles‑ci" "incluent" "le" "fait" "que" "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "a" "été" "mal" "interprété" "," "sans" "qu" "’" "une" "question" "préjudicielle" "soit" "déférée" "à" "la" "Cour" "," "et" "que" "la" "personne" "visée" "a" "déposé" "une" "réclamation" "auprès" "de" "l" "’" "organe" "administratif" "concerné" "immédiatement" "après" "avoir" "pris" "connaissance" "de" "cette" "décision" "de" "la" "Cour" "(" "53" ")" "."


Input: "100" "." "Cependant" "," "sans" "aborder" "la" "question" "de" "savoir" "où" "exactement" "il" "conviendrait" "de" "fixer" "le" "seuil" "de" "l" "’" "«" "exceptionnalité" "»" "," "le" "dénominateur" "commun" "de" "ces" "quelques" "cas" "où" "une" "telle" "obligation" "a" "été" "imposée" "était" "naturellement" "le" "suivant" ":" "l" "’" "incompatibilité" "existait" "déjà" "au" "moment" "où" "la" "décision" "a" "été" "prise" "au" "niveau" "national" "."


Input: "Par" "conséquent" "," "la" "décision" "originelle" "en" "cause" "était" "déjà" "contraire" "au" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "."


Input: "101" "." "Par" "opposition" "," "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "à" "l" "’" "époque" "où" "les" "décisions" "en" "cause" "ont" "été" "adoptées" "(" "tant" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "que" "la" "décision" "octroyant" "une" "pension" "au" "requérant" ")" "," "la" "République" "d" "’" "Autriche" "n" "’" "était" "pas" "un" "État" "membre" "et" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "n" "’" "avait" "pas" "encore" "été" "adoptée" "."


Input: "En" "outre" "," "d" "’" "après" "le" "gouvernement" "autrichien" "," "dont" "le" "point" "de" "vue" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "contredit" "par" "la" "partie" "requérante" "," "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "était" "compatible" "avec" "le" "droit" "national" "lorsqu" "’" "elle" "a" "été" "adoptée" "en" "1974" "."


Input: "102" "." "Il" "n" "’" "existe" "donc" "pas" "de" "circonstances" "exceptionnelles" "de" "nature" "à" "justifier" "une" "réouverture" "des" "décisions" "administratives" "définitives" "dans" "cette" "affaire" "ni" "," "a" "fortiori" "," "d" "’" "élément" "qui" "pourrait" "justifier" "une" "règle" "plus" "générale" "et" "plus" "extensive" "concernant" "l" "’" "application" "ratione" "temporis" "du" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "visant" "à" "atteindre" "un" "même" "résultat" "."


Input: "5" "." "Application" "en" "l" "’" "espèce"


Input: "103" "." "Les" "conclusions" "principales" "que" "l" "’" "on" "peut" "déduire" "des" "différents" "courants" "jurisprudentiels" "évoqués" "précédemment" "sont" "les" "suivantes" "."


Input: "104" "." "Premièrement" "," "la" "jurisprudence" "de" "la" "Cour" "sur" "les" "effets" "dans" "le" "temps" "d" "’" "une" "loi" "nouvelle" "et" "sur" "les" "droits" "à" "pension" "est" "essentiellement" "concentrée" "sur" "des" "situations" "où" "le" "droit" "à" "pension" "a" "fait" "l" "’" "objet" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "."


Input: "105" "." "Deuxièmement" "," "la" "jurisprudence" "relative" "aux" "relations" "(" "d" "’" "emploi" ")" "en" "cours" "et" "à" "l" "’" "adaptation" "des" "échelons" "salariaux" "et" "des" "salaires" "mensuels" "ne" "peut" "pas" "être" "transposée" "au" "paiement" "des" "pensions" "," "calculées" "et" "déjà" "versées" "(" "bien" ")" "avant" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "la" "nouvelle" "loi" "."


Input: "106" "." "Troisièmement" "," "la" "jurisprudence" "de" "la" "Cour" "n" "’" "offre" "pas" "de" "base" "solide" "à" "l" "’" "appui" "de" "la" "proposition" "extrême" "suivant" "laquelle" "les" "effets" "persistants" "," "sur" "le" "paiement" "des" "pensions" "," "de" "décisions" "administratives" "devenues" "définitives" "avant" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "se" "devraient" "d" "’" "être" "revisités" "," "en" "prenant" "en" "considération" "la" "manière" "dont" "la" "loi" "nouvelle" "aurait" "été" "appliquée" "."


Input: "Par" "ailleurs" "," "une" "telle" "proposition" "est" "en" "contradiction" "avec" "la" "jurisprudence" "constante" "de" "la" "Cour" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "autorité" "de" "la" "chose" "jugée" "."


Input: "107" "." "J" "’" "ai" "déjà" "tenté" "de" "distinguer" "la" "présente" "affaire" "et" "d" "’" "expliquer" "pourquoi" "elle" "ne" "s" "’" "inscrit" "dans" "aucune" "des" "catégories" "évoquées" "dans" "chacune" "des" "sections" "pertinentes" "qui" "précèdent" "."


Input: "En" "résumé" "," "je" "considère" "que" "," "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "et" "l" "’" "établissement" "des" "droits" "à" "pension" "réduits" "formaient" "déjà" "une" "«" "situation" "acquise" "»" "au" "sens" "de" "la" "jurisprudence" "citée" "précédemment" "au" "point" "46" "," "avant" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transition" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "."


Input: "Le" "versement" "continu" "d" "’" "une" "pension" "au" "requérant" "ne" "peut" "pas" "être" "considéré" "comme" "un" "«" "effet" "futur" "»" "d" "’" "une" "situation" "née" "avant" "cette" "directive" "," "au" "sens" "de" "la" "jurisprudence" "de" "la" "Cour" "," "de" "sorte" "qu" "’" "un" "tel" "effet" "devrait" "être" "prohibé" "ou" "modifié" "."


Input: "108" "." "La" "décision" "disciplinaire" "a" "déjà" "été" "contestée" "sans" "succès" "dans" "les" "années" "70" "."


Input: "La" "question" "juridique" "du" "statut" "du" "requérant" "en" "tant" "que" "policier" "retraité" "et" "la" "réduction" "de" "sa" "pension" "ont" "déjà" "été" "réglées" "à" "cette" "époque" "."


Input: "Le" "requérant" "perçoit" "sa" "pension" "depuis" "1976" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O"


Input: "Il" "n" "’" "y" "a" "pas" "de" "nouvelle" "décision" "qui" "aurait" "été" "prise" "ou" "qui" "aurait" "dû" "être" "prise" "après" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "."


Input: "109" "." "En" "outre" "," "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "tous" "les" "faits" "pertinents" "qui" "formaient" "la" "base" "de" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "se" "sont" "déroulés" "dans" "les" "années" "70" "."


Input: "À" "ce" "titre" "," "à" "l" "’" "inverse" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "Römer" "," "il" "n" "’" "y" "a" "pas" "de" "faits" "actuels" "relatifs" "à" "la" "situation" "personnelle" "existante" "du" "requérant" "qui" "devraient" "faire" "l" "’" "objet" "d" "’" "un" "réexamen" "sous" "l" "’" "empire" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "."


Input: "110" "." "Je" "ne" "considère" "pas" "que" "des" "arrêts" "tels" "que" "Brock" "et" "P" "." "puissent" "servir" "de" "base" "pour" "la" "proposition" "générale" "selon" "laquelle" "il" "existerait" "un" "droit" "à" "la" "révision" "des" "versements" "de" "pension" "," "consistant" "à" "appliquer" "rétroactivement" "des" "règles" "nouvelles" "à" "une" "décision" "existante" "dans" "le" "passé" "et" "ayant" "une" "incidence" "sur" "le" "droit" "à" "ces" "versements" "," "ainsi" "que" "sur" "leur" "montant" "."


Input: "De" "plus" "," "les" "affaires" "Brock" "et" "P" "." "sont" "très" "différentes" "," "selon" "moi" "," "de" "la" "présente" "affaire" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Dans" "ces" "deux" "cas" "," "la" "décision" "administrative" "préexistante" "a" "été" "prise" "en" "appliquant" "un" "nombre" "de" "conditions" "assez" "spécifiques" "et" "objectives" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "du" "droit" "à" "pension" "et" "du" "niveau" "de" "celle‑ci" "."


Input: "Des" "changements" "législatifs" "subséquents" "ont" "modifié" "lesdites" "conditions" "."


Input: "Cela" "diffère" "de" "la" "présente" "affaire" "," "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "laquelle" "on" "postule" "de" "facto" "la" "réouverture" "d" "’" "une" "procédure" "disciplinaire" "vieille" "de" "40" "ans" "à" "la" "lumière" "de" "nouvelles" "règles" "sur" "la" "discrimination" "," "ainsi" "qu" "’" "une" "appréciation" "qualitative" "quant" "au" "point" "de" "savoir" "si" "la" "décision" "concernée" "aurait" "changé" "et" "si" "oui" "," "comment" "."


Input: "111" "." "Dans" "ses" "observations" "," "la" "partie" "requérante" "a" "insisté" "sur" "la" "nature" "«" "persistante" "»" "de" "la" "discrimination" "," "revêtant" "la" "forme" "de" "versements" "mensuels" "réduits" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "il" "ressort" "clairement" "du" "débat" "relatif" "aux" "relations" "juridiques" "en" "cours" "et" "à" "la" "nécessité" "d" "’" "une" "adaptation" "graduelle" "de" "celles-ci" "à" "la" "lumière" "de" "règles" "nouvelles" "," "dans" "les" "affaires" "Römer" "ou" "Österreichischer" "Gewerkschaftsbund" "," "que" "le" "simple" "fait" "de" "recevoir" "des" "paiements" "mensuels" "sur" "la" "base" "de" "décisions" "définitives" "rendues" "en" "1975" "et" "1976" "ne" "requiert" "pas" "de" "nouvelle" "appréciation" "de" "faits" "pertinents" "."


Input: "112" "." "En" "fait" "," "ce" "que" "le" "requérant" "sollicite" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "est" "une" "nouvelle" "appréciation" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "disciplinaire" "sous-jacente" "et" "définitive" "," "par" "l" "’" "application" "de" "nouvelles" "normes" "de" "non-discrimination" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "déterminer" "ses" "répercussions" "sur" "les" "versements" "mensuels" "de" "pension" "."


Input: "La" "véritable" "nature" "de" "ce" "qui" "est" "demandé" "est" "peut-être" "reflétée" "au" "mieux" "par" "le" "libellé" "," "en" "allemand" "," "de" "la" "dernière" "phrase" "de" "la" "première" "question" "préjudicielle" "," "qui" "renvoie" "à" "l" "’" "adoption" "d" "’" "un" "nouveau" "type" "de" "décision" "«" "gedachte" "»" "qui" "," "si" "elle" "avait" "été" "adoptée" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "la" "directive" "," "aurait" "été" "contraire" "à" "cette" "dernière" "."


Input: "Le" "terme" "«" "gedachte" "»" "peut" "effectivement" "être" "traduit" "par" "le" "mot" "«" "fictive" "»" "," "mais" "son" "vrai" "sens" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "est" "plutôt" "(" "totalement" ")" "«" "imaginaire" "»" "."


Input: "113" "." "Selon" "moi" "," "dans" "une" "affaire" "telle" "que" "celle" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "ne" "confère" "clairement" "pas" "aux" "individus" "le" "droit" "de" "solliciter" "la" "révision" "," "à" "la" "lumière" "d" "’" "une" "loi" "nouvelle" "," "d" "’" "une" "décision" "administrative" "prise" "à" "leur" "égard" "au" "cours" "de" "leur" "vie" "et" "qui" "a" "eu" "ou" "pu" "avoir" "un" "impact" "négatif" "sur" "leur" "pension" "(" "ou" "d" "’" "autres" "prestations" ")" "."


Input: "Le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "n" "’" "offre" "tout" "simplement" "pas" "de" "fondement" "à" "l" "’" "appui" "d" "’" "une" "proposition" "aussi" "extrême" "."


Input: "114" "." "Enfin" "," "si" "l" "’" "on" "tient" "pleinement" "compte" "des" "arguments" "avancés" "par" "le" "requérant" "," "ses" "observations" "comportent" "un" "argument" "moral" "beaucoup" "plus" "profond" "," "partiellement" "corrélé" "mais" "aussi" "partiellement" "indépendant" "de" "l" "’" "argument" "«" "technique" "»" "relatif" "à" "la" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "ratione" "temporis" "des" "règles" "nouvelles" "."


Input: "Si" "on" "l" "’" "examine" "séparément" "," "comme" "le" "requérant" "l" "’" "a" "effectivement" "suggéré" "lors" "de" "l" "’" "audience" "," "cet" "argument" "moral" "s" "’" "avère" "dans" "une" "large" "mesure" "indépendant" "d" "’" "une" "quelconque" "révision" "de" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "de" "1975" "."


Input: "Le" "reproche" "adressé" "à" "la" "République" "d" "’" "Autriche" "dans" "ce" "cas" "ne" "serait" "pas" "d" "’" "avoir" "omis" "de" "revisiter" "le" "passé" "," "mais" "d" "’" "avoir" "omis" "de" "réparer" "activement" "," "pour" "l" "’" "avenir" "," "des" "préjudices" "infligés" "dans" "le" "passé" "," "soit" "après" "2003" "," "lorsque" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "était" "déjà" "en" "vigueur" "et" "les" "arrêts" "de" "la" "Cour" "EDH" "avaient" "été" "rendus" "à" "l" "’" "encontre" "de" "la" "République" "d" "’" "Autriche" "(" "54" ")" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "115" "." "À" "cet" "égard" "," "je" "voudrais" "simplement" "indiquer" "à" "nouveau" "que" "je" "ne" "relève" "pas" "d" "’" "obligation" "de" "cette" "nature" "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "17" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "," "qui" "impose" "aux" "États" "membres" "d" "’" "adopter" "des" "sanctions" "effectives" "," "proportionnées" "et" "dissuasives" "," "est" "lui-même" "lié" "," "logiquement" "," "à" "l" "’" "applicabilité" "ratione" "temporis" "de" "cette" "même" "directive" "."


Input: "116" "." "Par" "ailleurs" "," "les" "décisions" "administratives" "sont" "adoptées" "dans" "le" "contexte" "propre" "à" "leur" "époque" "."


Input: "Le" "cadre" "pénal" "," "disciplinaire" "et" "moral" "en" "Autriche" "," "de" "même" "qu" "’" "ailleurs" "en" "Europe" "," "a" "considérablement" "évolué" "depuis" "1975" "."


Input: "Par" "conséquent" "," "par" "exemple" "," "en" "Autriche" "," "des" "sanctions" "disciplinaires" "ne" "seront" "imposées" "dorénavant" "qu" "’" "au" "détriment" "d" "’" "officiers" "de" "police" "dont" "les" "actes" "compromettent" "la" "confiance" "de" "la" "population" "à" "l" "’" "égard" "de" "la" "police" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "une" "condamnation" "pénale" "donnera" "lieu" "à" "un" "licenciement" "automatique" "sans" "aucun" "droit" "à" "pension" "," "d" "’" "après" "les" "informations" "dont" "je" "dispose" "."


Input: "La" "majorité" "sexuelle" "en" "Autriche" "est" "fixée" "à" "présent" "à" "l" "’" "âge" "de" "14" "ans" "révolus" "," "tant" "pour" "les" "hétérosexuels" "que" "pour" "les" "homosexuels" "."


Input: "Toutefois" "," "il" "y" "a" "également" "des" "exceptions" "expresses" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "d" "’" "enfants" "âgés" "de" "moins" "de" "16" "ans" "qui" "sont" "considérés" "comme" "insuffisamment" "mûrs" "."


Input: "117" "." "En" "somme" "," "la" "morale" "constitue" "une" "cible" "mouvante" "."


Input: "De" "plus" "," "les" "arguments" "de" "nature" "morale" "sont" "souvent" "des" "épées" "à" "double" "tranchant" "."


Input: "Dans" "des" "affaires" "complexes" "sur" "le" "plan" "factuel" "," "impliquant" "plusieurs" "jugements" "moraux" "," "comme" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "ces" "mêmes" "arguments" "peuvent" "jouer" "dans" "les" "deux" "sens" "."


Input: "À" "ce" "titre" "," "à" "l" "’" "exception" "de" "situations" "extrêmes" "caractérisées" "par" "un" "mépris" "manifeste" "et" "patent" "pour" "des" "valeurs" "de" "base" "de" "l" "’" "humanité" "," "dont" "on" "peut" "dire" "qu" "’" "elles" "déclenchent" "un" "devoir" "moral" "de" "réparation" "des" "fautes" "commises" "," "indépendamment" "du" "temps" "(" "55" ")" "," "les" "sociétés" "et" "leurs" "lois" "devraient" "avoir" "la" "possibilité" "d" "’" "évoluer" "de" "manière" "progressive" "," "le" "passé" "restant" "le" "passé" "."


Input: "6" "." "Conclusion" "relative" "à" "la" "première" "question" "préjudicielle"


Input: "118" "." "À" "la" "lumière" "des" "développements" "qui" "précèdent" "," "je" "propose" "à" "la" "Cour" "d" "’" "apporter" "la" "réponse" "suivante" "à" "la" "première" "question" "posée" "par" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" ":"


Input: "L" "’" "article" "2" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "ne" "s" "’" "oppose" "pas" "au" "maintien" "des" "effets" "juridiques" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "administrative" "définitive" "en" "matière" "de" "droit" "disciplinaire" "des" "fonctionnaires" "(" "décision" "disciplinaire" ")" "," "ordonnant" "le" "départ" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "un" "fonctionnaire" "assorti" "d" "’" "une" "réduction" "du" "montant" "de" "sa" "pension" "," "lorsque"


Input: "–" "au" "moment" "de" "son" "adoption" "," "des" "dispositions" "du" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "en" "particulier" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "," "n" "’" "étaient" "pas" "encore" "applicables" "à" "cette" "décision" "administrative" "," "mais" "que"


Input: "–" "une" "décision" "(" "imaginaire" ")" "comparable" "enfreindrait" "cette" "directive" "si" "elle" "avait" "été" "adoptée" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "celle-ci" "."


Input: "B" "." "Les" "deuxième" "et" "troisième" "questions" "préjudicielles"


Input: "119" "." "À" "la" "lumière" "de" "la" "réponse" "proposée" "à" "la" "première" "question" "de" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "," "il" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "nécessaire" "de" "répondre" "à" "la" "deuxième" "ni" "à" "la" "troisième" "question" "."


Input: "Néanmoins" "à" "supposer" "que" "la" "Cour" "aboutisse" "à" "une" "conclusion" "différente" "," "j" "’" "évoquerai" "brièvement" "ces" "questions" "ci-dessous" "."


Input: "120" "." "Si" "la" "Cour" "devait" "juger" "que" "les" "effets" "de" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "discriminatoire" "ne" "peuvent" "être" "maintenus" "," "la" "question" "serait" "dès" "lors" "de" "savoir" "précisément" "ce" "que" "le" "«" "non-maintien" "de" "ces" "effets" "»" "implique" "dans" "un" "cas" "tel" "que" "celui" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "."


Input: "121" "." "À" "moins" "que" "la" "réponse" "à" "cette" "question" "ne" "doive" "être" "séparée" "des" "décisions" "prises" "dans" "les" "années" "70" "," "en" "indiquant" "," "à" "l" "’" "instar" "de" "ce" "qui" "vient" "d" "’" "être" "évoqué" "quant" "à" "l" "’" "obligation" "active" "de" "réparer" "pour" "l" "’" "avenir" "(" "vraisemblablement" "au" "moyen" "de" "paiements" "forfaitaires" ")" "," "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "devrait" "examiner" "le" "contenu" "de" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "afin" "d" "’" "établir" "si" "elle" "a" "été" "adoptée" "d" "’" "une" "manière" "compatible" "avec" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "," "ainsi" "que" "la" "date" "à" "partir" "de" "laquelle" "cette" "nouvelle" "décision" "imaginaire" "serait" "applicable" "."


Input: "Je" "me" "référerai" "à" "cette" "approche" "ci‑dessous" "sous" "le" "vocable" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "."


Input: "122" "." "Selon" "moi" "," "la" "reconstruction" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "vieille" "de" "40" "ans" "et" "de" "ses" "effets" "est" "hautement" "problématique" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "fournit" "assez" "de" "détails" "," "dans" "ses" "deuxième" "et" "troisième" "questions" "," "quant" "à" "des" "«" "scénarios" "»" "particuliers" "," "dans" "une" "telle" "œuvre" "de" "fiction" "juridique" "."


Input: "Par" "conséquent" "," "à" "moins" "que" "la" "Cour" "n" "’" "indique" "simplement" "que" "«" "les" "effets" "ne" "peuvent" "être" "maintenus" "»" "et" "ne" "confie" "à" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "la" "charge" "de" "décider" "comment" "identifier" "et" "«" "neutraliser" "»" "ces" "effets" "," "la" "Cour" "en" "deviendra" "inévitablement" "le" "coauteur" "."


Input: "Je" "propose" "ci-dessous" "quelques" "considérations" "quant" "à" "la" "manière" "dont" "ce" "scénario" "pourrait" "se" "dérouler" "."


Input: "1" "." "La" "deuxième" "question" "préjudicielle"


Input: "123" "." "La" "décision" "disciplinaire" "a" "donné" "lieu" "à" "un" "départ" "à" "la" "retraite" "anticipé" "du" "requérant" "et" "a" "réduit" "ses" "droits" "à" "pension" "de" "25" "%" "."


Input: "Par" "sa" "deuxième" "question" "," "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "s" "’" "interroge" "sur" "le" "point" "de" "savoir" "si" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "remédier" "à" "la" "discrimination" "inhérente" "à" "la" "décision" "administrative" "," "il" "suffirait" "d" "’" "annuler" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "de" "la" "pension" "ou" "s" "’" "il" "conviendrait" "de" "calculer" "la" "pension" "comme" "si" "le" "requérant" "avait" "travaillé" "au" "cours" "de" "la" "période" "consécutive" "à" "sa" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "."


Input: "Est-il" "suffisant" "de" "neutraliser" "les" "effets" "futurs" "de" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "ou" "est-il" "aussi" "nécessaire" "de" "neutraliser" "les" "effets" "futurs" "de" "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "anticipée" "?"


Input: "124" "." "Dans" "ses" "observations" "," "le" "requérant" "soutient" "que" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "devrait" "être" "écartée" "dans" "sa" "totalité" "et" "que" "ses" "droits" "à" "pension" "se" "devraient" "d" "’" "être" "calculés" "comme" "s" "’" "il" "avait" "travaillé" "dans" "l" "’" "intervalle" "au" "sein" "des" "forces" "de" "police" "."


Input: "En" "d" "’" "autres" "termes" "," "il" "conviendrait" "de" "créer" "la" "situation" "qui" "aurait" "existé" "si" "la" "sanction" "disciplinaire" "n" "’" "avait" "pas" "du" "tout" "été" "adoptée" "(" "ou" "si" "aucune" "sanction" "n" "’" "avait" "été" "imposée" ")" "."


Input: "125" "." "La" "Commission" "se" "prononce" "en" "faveur" "d" "’" "une" "approche" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "uniquement" "de" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "," "en" "reconnaissant" "que" "," "même" "en" "l" "’" "absence" "de" "tout" "préjugé" "homophobe" "," "la" "pension" "du" "requérant" "aurait" "pu" "être" "réduite" "aux" "fins" "de" "sanctionner" "son" "comportement" "."


Input: "Par" "opposition" "," "la" "Commission" "estime" "qu" "’" "il" "serait" "inapproprié" "d" "’" "adopter" "une" "approche" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "de" "la" "retraite" "en" "tant" "que" "telle" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "la" "réduction" "de" "pension" "résultant" "de" "la" "retraite" "anticipée" "ne" "constitue" "pas" "un" "«" "effet" "futur" "»" "d" "’" "une" "situation" "née" "dans" "le" "passé" "et" "à" "laquelle" "des" "règles" "nouvelles" "doivent" "trouver" "à" "s" "’" "appliquer" "."


Input: "Selon" "la" "Commission" "," "les" "effets" "juridiques" "de" "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "ont" "été" "épuisés" "lorsque" "la" "relation" "de" "travail" "a" "pris" "fin" "."


Input: "Pour" "cette" "raison" "," "les" "effets" "consistant" "en" "une" "absence" "d" "’" "accroissement" "des" "droits" "à" "pension" "," "résultant" "du" "départ" "à" "la" "retraite" "anticipé" "," "peuvent" "être" "maintenus" "."


Input: "126" "." "Je" "formule" "les" "observations" "suivantes" "."


Input: "127" "." "Si" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "avait" "été" "adoptée" "en" "1975" "d" "’" "une" "façon" "qui" "était" "compatible" "avec" "l" "’" "interdiction" "de" "discrimination" "fondée" "sur" "l" "’" "orientation" "sexuelle" "instaurée" "en" "2000" "," "il" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "du" "tout" "certain" "que" "le" "requérant" "aurait" "été" "forcé" "de" "prendre" "sa" "retraite" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "la" "nature" "«" "considérablement" "moins" "lourde" "»" "(" "56" ")" "de" "la" "sanction" "mentionnée" "par" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "pourrait" "également" "être" "interprétée" "en" "ce" "sens" "que" "le" "requérant" "n" "’" "aurait" "pas" "été" "mis" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "."


Input: "128" "." "Si" "tel" "devait" "être" "le" "cas" "," "conformément" "à" "la" "réponse" "à" "la" "première" "question" "," "les" "«" "effets" "futurs" "de" "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "anticipée" "d" "’" "office" "»" "ne" "pourraient" "pas" "être" "maintenus" "."


Input: "Ces" "effets" "incluent" "certainement" "le" "fait" "que" "le" "requérant" "ne" "travaillait" "plus" "au" "sein" "de" "la" "police" "," "n" "’" "accumulait" "plus" "de" "droits" "à" "pension" "et" "ne" "pouvait" "pas" "obtenir" "la" "prise" "en" "compte" "de" "ces" "«" "années" "perdues" "»" "aux" "fins" "du" "calcul" "de" "sa" "pension" "."


Input: "En" "ce" "sens" "," "les" "effets" "de" "cette" "sanction" "sont" "en" "effet" "encore" "«" "persistants" "»" "."


Input: "À" "ce" "titre" "," "la" "neutralisation" "des" "effets" "futurs" "de" "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "anticipée" "nécessite" "de" "tenir" "compte" "(" "d" "’" "une" "façon" "ou" "d" "’" "une" "autre" ")" "de" "ces" "années" "perdues" "."


Input: "129" "." "La" "Commission" "s" "’" "oppose" "à" "cette" "conclusion" "."


Input: "Elle" "considère" "que" "les" "effets" "qui" "aboutissent" "à" "une" "absence" "d" "’" "accroissement" "des" "droits" "à" "pension" "," "résultant" "de" "la" "retraite" "anticipée" "," "peuvent" "être" "maintenus" "."


Input: "130" "." "J" "’" "admets" "que" "je" "considère" "le" "raisonnement" "de" "la" "Commission" "sur" "ce" "point" "comme" "étant" "impossible" "à" "concilier" "avec" "sa" "position" "suivant" "laquelle" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "imposée" "par" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "est" "un" "«" "effet" "futur" "»" "au" "sens" "évoqué" "précédemment" "."


Input: "Ces" "deux" "sanctions" "–" "tant" "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "que" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "–" "ont" "été" "imposées" "sur" "le" "fondement" "d" "’" "un" "même" "ensemble" "de" "faits" "et" "par" "la" "même" "décision" "disciplinaire" "."


Input: "Dans" "les" "deux" "cas" "," "la" "question" "de" "principe" "est" "de" "savoir" "quels" "auraient" "été" "les" "effets" "de" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "si" "elle" "avait" "été" "adoptée" "d" "’" "une" "manière" "conforme" "à" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "."


Input: "131" "." "En" "effet" "," "si" "l" "’" "on" "retenait" "la" "distinction" "établie" "par" "la" "Commission" "entre" "ces" "différents" "effets" "," "cela" "impliquerait" "que" "le" "requérant" "aurait" "pu" "effectivement" "être" "licencié" "et" "n" "’" "aurait" "aucunement" "pu" "contester" "ledit" "licenciement" "."


Input: "Contrairement" "à" "la" "retraite" "," "un" "licenciement" "pur" "et" "simple" "aurait" "mis" "fin" "," "en" "principe" "," "à" "la" "relation" "juridique" "," "sans" "effets" "continus" "revêtant" "la" "forme" "du" "versement" "d" "’" "une" "pension" "."


Input: "132" "." "À" "la" "lumière" "de" "ce" "qui" "précède" "," "à" "supposer" "que" "la" "Cour" "conclue" "que" "les" "effets" "de" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "discriminatoire" "ne" "peuvent" "pas" "être" "maintenus" "et" "que" "l" "’" "approche" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "soit" "retenue" "," "ladite" "approche" "devrait" "envisager" "un" "scénario" "alternatif" "," "dans" "lequel" "le" "requérant" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "mis" "à" "la" "retraite" "," "ainsi" "qu" "’" "un" "scénario" "dans" "lequel" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "de" "la" "pension" "du" "requérant" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "(" "pleinement" ")" "appliquée" "."


Input: "133" "." "J" "’" "observe" "qu" "’" "une" "telle" "conclusion" "soulèverait" "manifestement" "une" "série" "d" "’" "autres" "questions" "difficiles" "."


Input: "Aux" "fins" "de" "neutraliser" "les" "«" "effets" "futurs" "»" "de" "sa" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "en" "1976" "," "devrait-on" "présumer" "que" "le" "requérant" "a" "travaillé" "au" "cours" "des" "années" "d" "’" "intervalle" "à" "partir" "de" "1976" "," "ou" "durant" "toutes" "les" "années" "à" "partir" "de" "l" "’" "expiration" "du" "délai" "de" "transposition" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "?"


Input: "Tout" "accroissement" "de" "pension" "correspondant" "devrait-il" "être" "compensé" "avec" "les" "pensions" "provenant" "d" "’" "autres" "sources" "de" "travail" "du" "requérant" "durant" "ces" "années" "(" "57" ")" "?"


Input: "Tout" "accroissement" "de" "pension" "correspondant" "devrait-il" "être" "compensé" "avec" "la" "pension" "des" "forces" "de" "police" "que" "le" "requérant" "a" "déjà" "perçue" "depuis" "la" "date" "de" "sa" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "(" "pension" "qu" "’" "il" "n" "’" "aurait" "évidemment" "pas" "perçue" "s" "’" "il" "avait" "continué" "à" "travailler" ")" "(" "58" ")" "?"


Input: "134" "." "Enfin" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "plus" "spécifiquement" "de" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "," "la" "deuxième" "question" "de" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "présuppose" "de" "manière" "implicite" "que" "ladite" "réduction" "n" "’" "est" "qu" "’" "une" "conséquence" "de" "la" "nature" "discriminatoire" "de" "la" "décision" "concernée" "."


Input: "135" "." "Cependant" "," "la" "question" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "devrait" "réellement" "signifier" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "."


Input: "Par" "conséquent" "," "il" "convient" "d" "’" "envisager" "la" "possibilité" "du" "fait" "que" "," "même" "en" "l" "’" "absence" "d" "’" "une" "condamnation" "pénale" "," "le" "requérant" "aurait" "été" "néanmoins" "sanctionné" "dans" "un" "contexte" "disciplinaire" "sur" "la" "base" "du" "même" "ensemble" "de" "faits" "(" "59" ")" "et" "la" "pension" "du" "requérant" "aurait" "malgré" "tout" "été" "réduite" "," "mais" "à" "concurrence" "d" "’" "un" "pourcentage" "inférieur" "à" "25" "%" "."


Input: "Telle" "est" "en" "effet" "la" "position" "défendue" "par" "la" "Commission" "en" "ses" "observations" "écrites" "."


Input: "À" "ce" "titre" "," "si" "," "en" "l" "’" "absence" "de" "discrimination" "," "le" "requérant" "s" "’" "était" "vu" "infliger" "une" "réduction" "de" "pension" "," "par" "exemple" "à" "hauteur" "de" "5" "%" "ou" "10" "%" "," "alors" "les" "effets" "de" "cette" "réduction" "de" "5" "%" "ou" "10" "%" "auraient" "dû" "être" "maintenus" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "136" "." "À" "ce" "titre" "," "si" "l" "’" "approche" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "devait" "être" "retenue" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "de" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "," "je" "partage" "l" "’" "avis" "de" "la" "Commission" "selon" "lequel" "il" "convient" "de" "pousser" "la" "fiction" "jusqu" "’" "à" "sa" "conclusion" "logique" "."


Input: "Encore" "une" "fois" "," "le" "point" "de" "savoir" "dans" "quelle" "mesure" "," "précisément" "," "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "aurait" "été" "différente" "si" "elle" "avait" "été" "adoptée" "d" "’" "une" "manière" "non" "discriminatoire" "constituerait" "une" "question" "(" "assez" "difficile" "," "certes" ")" "qu" "’" "il" "appartiendrait" "à" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "de" "trancher" "."


Input: "2" "." "La" "troisième" "question" "préjudicielle"


Input: "137" "." "Par" "sa" "troisième" "question" "," "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "demande" "si" "la" "réponse" "à" "la" "deuxième" "question" "dépend" "du" "point" "de" "savoir" "si" "la" "personne" "concernée" "a" "activement" "cherché" "un" "emploi" "dans" "la" "fonction" "publique" "fédérale" "avant" "d" "’" "atteindre" "l" "’" "âge" "de" "la" "retraite" "."


Input: "138" "." "Je" "dois" "admettre" "que" "je" "suis" "dubitatif" "quant" "à" "la" "pertinence" "d" "’" "une" "telle" "question" "," "compte" "tenu" "des" "faits" "du" "litige" "au" "principal" "."


Input: "Toutefois" "," "étant" "donné" "que" "nous" "nous" "penchons" "déjà" "sur" "des" "scénarios" "du" "type" "«" "et" "si" "?" "»" "," "il" "est" "difficile" "de" "soutenir" "qu" "’" "une" "telle" "question" "est" "hypothétique" "."


Input: "139" "." "Les" "faits" "du" "litige" "n" "’" "indiquent" "pas" "si" "le" "requérant" "a" "cherché" "ou" "non" "à" "(" "re" ")" "trouver" "un" "emploi" "au" "sein" "de" "la" "fonction" "publique" "fédérale" "."


Input: "Il" "est" "peut-être" "raisonnable" "de" "supposer" "que" "si" "une" "personne" "a" "été" "licenciée" "de" "la" "fonction" "publique" "dans" "des" "circonstances" "telles" "que" "celles" "visées" "dans" "le" "cadre" "du" "litige" "au" "principal" "," "tenter" "de" "rejoindre" "le" "même" "service" "serait" "assez" "futile" "(" "à" "supposer" "que" "cela" "soit" "légalement" "possible" ")" "."


Input: "Si" "tel" "était" "effectivement" "le" "cas" "et" "si" "le" "requérant" "n" "’" "avait" "pas" "cherché" "à" "trouver" "un" "nouvel" "emploi" "au" "sein" "de" "la" "fonction" "publique" "fédérale" "par" "la" "suite" "," "quelles" "conclusions" "pourrait-on" "en" "tirer" "?"


Input: "Pourrait-on" "reprocher" "audit" "requérant" "de" "ne" "pas" "l" "’" "avoir" "fait" "?"


Input: "Pourrait-il" "être" "désavantagé" "pour" "cette" "raison" "?"


Input: "140" "." "Cependant" "," "à" "toutes" "fins" "utiles" "," "comme" "indiqué" "précédemment" "au" "point" "133" "," "à" "supposer" "que" "les" "effets" "de" "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "se" "doivent" "d" "’" "être" "neutralisés" "," "cela" "soulève" "une" "série" "de" "questions" "quant" "à" "la" "façon" "dont" "il" "convient" "de" "traiter" "l" "’" "intervalle" "."


Input: "En" "élaborant" "un" "récit" "alternatif" "," "c" "’" "est" "à" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "qu" "’" "il" "appartiendrait" "," "à" "mon" "sens" "," "d" "’" "établir" "quels" "détails" "spécifiques" "doivent" "être" "pris" "en" "considération" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "trouver" "un" "équilibre" "entre" "," "d" "’" "une" "part" "," "l" "’" "approche" "consistant" "à" "ignorer" "totalement" "ces" "années" "d" "’" "intervalle" "et" "," "d" "’" "autre" "part" "," "l" "’" "approche" "consistant" "à" "les" "prendre" "pleinement" "en" "compte" "," "comme" "si" "le" "requérant" "avait" "officié" "au" "sein" "du" "secteur" "public" "pendant" "cette" "période" "."


Input: "C" "." "Les" "quatrième" "et" "cinquième" "questions" "préjudicielles"


Input: "141" "." "À" "la" "lumière" "de" "la" "réponse" "proposée" "quant" "à" "la" "première" "question" "de" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "," "il" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "davantage" "nécessaire" "d" "’" "apporter" "une" "réponse" "à" "la" "quatrième" "et" "à" "la" "cinquième" "question" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "pour" "peu" "que" "la" "Cour" "aboutisse" "à" "une" "autre" "conclusion" "," "j" "’" "ajouterai" "quelques" "suggestions" "."


Input: "142" "." "Par" "ses" "quatrième" "et" "cinquième" "questions" "," "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "s" "’" "interroge" "sur" "le" "point" "de" "savoir" "à" "partir" "de" "quel" "moment" "une" "annulation" "(" "partielle" ")" "éventuelle" "de" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "devrait" "prendre" "effet" "."


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Input: "Elles" "ne" "visent" "pas" "les" "effets" "de" "la" "mise" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "comme" "indiqué" "au" "point" "133" "des" "présentes" "conclusions" "," "j" "’" "estime" "que" "le" "fait" "de" "retenir" "une" "approche" "différente" "quant" "aux" "effets" "futurs" "de" "la" "réduction" "de" "25" "%" "et" "à" "ceux" "de" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "office" "soulève" "des" "problèmes" "de" "cohérence" "."


Input: "143" "." "D" "’" "après" "moi" "," "la" "réponse" "à" "cette" "question" "doit" "découler" "de" "la" "jurisprudence" "résumée" "précédemment" "aux" "points" "44" "et" "suivants" "."


Input: "L" "’" "on" "espère" "que" "l" "’" "application" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "sera" "toujours" "soumise" "au" "principe" "de" "non-rétroactivité" "," "nonobstant" "l" "’" "approche" "potentiellement" "extensive" "quant" "à" "l" "’" "élimination" "des" "effets" "futurs" "," "évoquée" "plus" "haut" "."


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Input: "D" "." "La" "discrimination" "fondée" "sur" "le" "sexe"


Input: "1" "." "La" "portée" "des" "questions" "posées" "par" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi"


Input: "144" "." "Enfin" "," "dans" "ses" "observations" "écrites" "," "le" "requérant" "a" "fait" "valoir" "que" "la" "sanction" "imposée" "à" "son" "égard" "par" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "constituait" "(" "également" ")" "une" "discrimination" "fondée" "sur" "le" "sexe" "," "portant" "atteinte" "à" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "(" "soit" "précédemment" "l" "’" "article" "119" "CEE" "et" "," "ensuite" "," "l" "’" "article" "141" "CE" ")" "."


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Input: "145" "." "Je" "formulerai" "les" "observations" "suivantes" "à" "cet" "égard" "."


Input: "146" "." "La" "juridiction" "nationale" "ne" "se" "réfère" "pas" "à" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "(" "ni" "à" "ses" "prédécesseurs" ")" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "le" "requérant" "est" "la" "seule" "partie" "à" "soulever" "ce" "problème" "dans" "ses" "observations" "écrites" "."


Input: "L" "’" "on" "pourrait" "soutenir" "que" "le" "fait" "de" "traiter" "l" "’" "application" "potentielle" "de" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "pourrait" "s" "’" "avérer" "utile" "pour" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "à" "mon" "sens" "," "la" "Cour" "ne" "devrait" "pas" "procéder" "de" "la" "sorte" "," "notamment" "pour" "les" "raisons" "suivantes" "."


Input: "147" "." "Premièrement" "," "ni" "les" "questions" "de" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "ni" "sa" "décision" "de" "renvoi" "," "plus" "généralement" "," "ne" "comportent" "de" "référence" "quelconque" "à" "cette" "disposition" "."


Input: "D" "’" "après" "moi" "," "si" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "avait" "jugé" "cette" "disposition" "pertinente" "," "elle" "l" "’" "aurait" "mentionnée" "à" "tout" "le" "moins" "."


Input: "De" "multiples" "raisons" "peuvent" "expliquer" "une" "telle" "omission" "et" "l" "’" "on" "aurait" "tort" "de" "présumer" "que" "cette" "absence" "de" "référence" "est" "un" "«" "oubli" "»" "."


Input: "La" "question" "ici" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "de" "savoir" "si" "la" "Cour" "devrait" "mettre" "en" "lumière" "les" "détails" "et" "la" "pertinence" "d" "’" "une" "obscure" "disposition" "d" "’" "une" "législation" "technique" "qui" "aurait" "pu" "être" "oubliée" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "est" "une" "règle" "importante" "du" "traité" "."


Input: "Au" "contraire" "," "dès" "lors" "que" "les" "arguments" "afférents" "à" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "constituent" "," "en" "réalité" "," "un" "élément" "central" "dans" "les" "observations" "écrites" "du" "requérant" "," "il" "est" "également" "plausible" "que" "celui-ci" "ait" "invité" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "à" "poser" "des" "questions" "à" "la" "Cour" "quant" "à" "cette" "disposition" "," "mais" "que" "cette" "demande" "ait" "été" "rejetée" "."


Input: "148" "." "Deuxièmement" "," "l" "’" "article" "94" "du" "règlement" "de" "procédure" "de" "la" "Cour" "prévoit" "qu" "’" "une" "demande" "de" "décision" "préjudicielle" "doit" "contenir" "," "entre" "autres" "," "les" "faits" "pertinents" "," "les" "dispositions" "nationales" "et" "les" "raisons" "qui" "ont" "conduit" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "à" "poser" "des" "questions" "spécifiques" "à" "la" "Cour" "."


Input: "En" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "a" "rédigé" "sa" "décision" "de" "renvoi" "sans" "mentionner" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "ni" "les" "faits" "potentiellement" "pertinents" "ou" "les" "dispositions" "de" "droit" "national" "portant" "sur" "cette" "règle" "."


Input: "En" "de" "telles" "circonstances" "," "selon" "moi" "," "il" "serait" "contraire" "à" "la" "jurisprudence" "(" "60" ")" "relative" "à" "l" "’" "article" "94" "du" "règlement" "de" "procédure" "de" "la" "Cour" "d" "’" "ignorer" "ces" "omissions" "et" "de" "fournir" "spontanément" "des" "orientations" "quant" "à" "une" "question" "qui" "n" "’" "a" "pas" "été" "posée" "," "à" "la" "demande" "de" "l" "’" "une" "des" "parties" "."


Input: "149" "." "Néanmoins" "," "à" "supposer" "que" "la" "Cour" "fasse" "le" "choix" "de" "répondre" "aux" "arguments" "soulevés" "par" "le" "requérant" "au" "sujet" "de" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "," "je" "formulerai" "quelques" "brèves" "observations" "dans" "la" "section" "suivante" "."


Input: "2" "." "L" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE"


Input: "150" "." "J" "’" "ai" "expliqué" "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "ma" "proposition" "de" "réponse" "à" "la" "première" "question" "préjudicielle" "le" "motif" "pour" "lequel" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "ne" "fait" "pas" "obstacle" "au" "maintien" "des" "effets" "de" "la" "décision" "disciplinaire" "."


Input: "Cette" "décision" "tombait" "en" "dehors" "du" "champ" "d" "’" "application" "dans" "le" "temps" "de" "ladite" "directive" "."


Input: "Cette" "dernière" "ne" "peut" "pas" "être" "utilisée" "aux" "fins" "de" "rouvrir" "cette" "décision" "en" "vue" "de" "neutraliser" "certains" "de" "ses" "effets" "."


Input: "Ces" "arguments" "s" "’" "appliquent" "mutatis" "mutandis" "à" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "."


Input: "151" "." "Pour" "autant" "que" "la" "Cour" "aboutisse" "à" "une" "conclusion" "différente" "," "il" "appartiendrait" "à" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "de" "déterminer" "," "le" "cas" "échéant" "," "l" "’" "existence" "d" "’" "une" "telle" "discrimination" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "je" "comprends" "qu" "’" "à" "la" "base" "," "l" "’" "argument" "est" "le" "suivant" ":" "les" "hommes" "homosexuels" "étaient" "traités" "de" "manière" "moins" "favorable" "que" "les" "femmes" "homosexuelles" "(" "61" ")" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "le" "requérant" "a" "suggéré" "qu" "’" "un" "officier" "de" "police" "de" "sexe" "féminin" "s" "’" "adonnant" "à" "des" "actes" "homosexuels" "avec" "un" "mineur" "de" "plus" "de" "14" "ans" "n" "’" "aurait" "pas" "subi" "de" "sanction" "disciplinaire" "(" "ou" "," "en" "toute" "hypothèse" "," "une" "sanction" "plus" "clémente" ")" "par" "rapport" "à" "un" "officier" "de" "police" "de" "sexe" "masculin" "agissant" "de" "façon" "comparable" "."


Input: "152" "." "À" "supposer" "qu" "’" "une" "telle" "suggestion" "soit" "exacte" "sur" "le" "plan" "des" "faits" "(" "au" "regard" "de" "la" "pratique" "disciplinaire" "en" "vigueur" "au" "sein" "des" "forces" "de" "police" "autrichiennes" "dans" "les" "années" "70" ")" "," "ce" "qu" "’" "il" "appartiendrait" "à" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "de" "vérifier" "," "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "fait" "obstacle" "à" "la" "discrimination" "fondée" "sur" "le" "sexe" "en" "matière" "de" "«" "rémunération" "»" "."


Input: "Selon" "une" "jurisprudence" "constante" "," "la" "notion" "de" "«" "rémunération" "»" "n" "’" "inclut" "pas" "," "en" "ce" "sens" "," "les" "versements" "qui" "sont" "effectués" "en" "application" "de" "régimes" "de" "pension" "légaux" "et" "qui" "sont" "plutôt" "catégorisés" "comme" "des" "prestations" "de" "sécurité" "sociale" "(" "62" ")" "."


Input: "Lors" "de" "l" "’" "audience" "," "le" "gouvernement" "autrichien" "a" "affirmé" "que" "le" "régime" "de" "pension" "visé" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "était" "de" "nature" "légale" "."


Input: "C" "’" "est" "à" "la" "juridiction" "nationale" "qu" "’" "il" "appartiendra" "à" "nouveau" "de" "vérifier" "si" "tel" "est" "effectivement" "le" "cas" "(" "suivant" "le" "sens" "donné" "à" "la" "jurisprudence" "de" "la" "Cour" "(" "63" ")" ")" "."


Input: "Cependant" "," "sur" "le" "fondement" "de" "la" "déclaration" "fournie" "par" "le" "gouvernement" "autrichien" "à" "cet" "égard" "," "des" "versements" "de" "cette" "nature" "s" "’" "inscriraient" "en" "principe" "en" "dehors" "du" "champ" "de" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "," "rendant" "ainsi" "cette" "disposition" "inapplicable" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "."


Input: "153" "." "Si" "," "toutefois" "," "tel" "n" "’" "était" "pas" "le" "cas" "," "l" "’" "application" "dans" "le" "temps" "de" "l" "’" "article" "157" "TFUE" "(" "et" "de" "ses" "prédécesseurs" ")" "devrait" "être" "examinée" "."


Input: "Je" "me" "réfère" "à" "cet" "égard" "à" "mes" "observations" "afférentes" "aux" "quatrième" "et" "cinquième" "questions" "," "qui" "s" "’" "appliquent" "mutatis" "mutandis" "."


Input: "En" "outre" "," "conformément" "aux" "arrêts" "Barber" "(" "64" ")" "et" "Ten" "Oever" "(" "65" ")" "," "«" "l" "’" "effet" "direct" "de" "l" "’" "article" "119" "du" "traité" "ne" "peut" "être" "invoqué" "," "afin" "d" "’" "exiger" "l" "’" "égalité" "de" "traitement" "en" "matière" "de" "pensions" "professionnelles" "," "que" "pour" "les" "prestations" "dues" "au" "titre" "de" "périodes" "d" "’" "emploi" "postérieures" "au" "17" "mai" "1990" "[" "date" "de" "l" "’" "arrêt" "Barber" "]" "," "sous" "réserve" "de" "l" "’" "exception" "prévue" "en" "faveur" "des" "travailleurs" "ou" "de" "leurs" "ayants" "droit" "qui" "ont" "," "avant" "cette" "date" "," "engagé" "une" "action" "en" "justice" "ou" "introduit" "une" "réclamation" "équivalente" "selon" "le" "droit" "national" "applicable" "»" "(" "66" ")" "."


Input: "154" "." "Cependant" "," "il" "ressort" "des" "faits" "tels" "que" "présentés" "dans" "la" "demande" "de" "décision" "préjudicielle" "qu" "’" "aucune" "des" "périodes" "d" "’" "emploi" "pertinentes" "n" "’" "était" "postérieure" "au" "17" "mai" "1990" "."


Input: "V" "." "Conclusion"


Input: "155" "." "Je" "propose" "à" "la" "Cour" "d" "’" "apporter" "la" "réponse" "suivante" "à" "la" "première" "question" "préjudicielle" "formulée" "par" "le" "Verwaltungsgerichtshof" "(" "Cour" "administrative" "," "Autriche" ")" ":"


Input: "L" "’" "article" "2" "de" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "/" "CE" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "27" "novembre" "2000" "," "portant" "création" "d" "’" "un" "cadre" "général" "en" "faveur" "de" "l" "’" "égalité" "de" "traitement" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "emploi" "et" "de" "travail" "," "ne" "s" "’" "oppose" "pas" "au" "maintien" "des" "effets" "juridiques" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "administrative" "définitive" "en" "matière" "de" "droit" "disciplinaire" "des" "fonctionnaires" "(" "décision" "disciplinaire" ")" "," "ordonnant" "le" "départ" "à" "la" "retraite" "d" "’" "un" "fonctionnaire" "assorti" "d" "’" "une" "réduction" "du" "montant" "de" "sa" "pension" "," "lorsque"


Input: "–" "au" "moment" "de" "son" "adoption" "," "des" "dispositions" "du" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "en" "particulier" "la" "directive" "2000" "/" "78" "," "n" "’" "étaient" "pas" "encore" "applicables" "à" "cette" "décision" "administrative" "," "mais" "que"


Input: "–" "une" "décision" "(" "imaginaire" ")" "comparable" "enfreindrait" "cette" "directive" "si" "elle" "avait" "été" "adoptée" "après" "l" "’" "entrée" "en" "vigueur" "de" "celle-ci" "."


Input: "1" "Langue" "originale" ":" "l" "’" "anglais" "."


Input: "2" "Directive" "2000" "/" "78" "/" "CE" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "27" "novembre" "2000" "," "portant" "création" "d" "’" "un" "cadre" "général" "en" "faveur" "de" "l" "’" "égalité" "de" "traitement" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "emploi" "et" "de" "travail" "(" "JO" "2000" "," "L" "303" "," "p" "." "16" ")" "."


Input: "3" "Arrêt" "du" "VfGH" "du" "21" "juin" "2002" "," "G" "6" "/" "02" "," "AT" ":" "VFGH" ":" "2002" ":" "G6.2002" "."

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"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "4" "Cour" "EDH" "," "9" "janvier" "2003" "," "L" "." "et" "V" "." "c" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "B-PERSON" "B-PERSON" "B-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

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Input: "Autriche" "(" "CE" ":" "ECHR" ":" "2003" ":" "0109JUD003939298" ")" ";" "voir" "également" "Cour" "EDH" "," "9" "janvier" "2003" "," "S.L" "." "c" "."

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"I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

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Input: "Autriche" "(" "CE" ":" "ECHR" ":" "2003" ":" "0109JUD004533099" ")" "," "et" "21" "octobre" "2004" "," "Woditschka" "et" "Wilfling" "c" "."

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Input: "Autriche" "(" "CE" ":" "ECHR" ":" "2004" ":" "1021JUD006975601" ")" "."

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Input: "5" "Article" "24" "du" "DP" "," "cité" "ci-dessus" "au" "point" "16" "des" "présentes" "conclusions" "."


Input: "6" "En" "ajoutant" "que" "," "en" "vertu" "des" "règles" "de" "droit" "national" "actuelles" "," "une" "condamnation" "pénale" "définitive" "à" "l" "’" "égard" "d" "’" "un" "fonctionnaire" "a" "pour" "conséquence" "automatique" "la" "rupture" "de" "la" "relation" "de" "travail" "de" "plein" "droit" "," "sans" "qu" "’" "il" "soit" "nécessaire" "de" "prendre" "une" "décision" "disciplinaire" "à" "cet" "égard" "."


Input: "7" "Comme" "l" "’" "indique" "implicitement" "," "en" "fait" "," "le" "libellé" "de" "l" "’" "article" "87" "du" "DP" "applicable" "à" "l" "’" "époque" "(" "voir" "point" "16" "des" "présentes" "conclusions" ")" "."


Input: "8" "Voir" "," "à" "titre" "d" "’" "exemple" "," "arrêts" "du" "16" "mai" "1979" "," "Tomadini" "(" "84" "/" "78" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "1979" ":" "129" "," "point" "21" ")" "," "ainsi" "que" "du" "6" "octobre" "2015" "," "Commission" "/" "Andersen" "(" "C" "‑" "303" "/" "13" "P" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "647" "," "point" "49" ")" "."

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Input: "9" "Arrêt" "du" "6" "octobre" "2015" "," "Commission" "/" "Andersen" "(" "C" "‑" "303" "/" "13" "P" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "647" "," "point" "50" ")" "."

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Input: "10" "Arrêt" "du" "26" "mars" "2015" "," "Commission" "/" "Moravia" "Gas" "Storage" "(" "C" "‑" "596" "/" "13" "P" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "203" "," "point" "32" ")" "."

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