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Input: "L" "’" "article" "35" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "énonce" ":" "«" "1" "."


Input: "De" "même" "," "les" "décisions" "ne" "sont" "pas" "reconnues" "si" "les" "dispositions" "des" "sections" "3" "," "4" "et" "6" "du" "chapitre" "II" "ont" "été" "méconnues" "," "ainsi" "que" "dans" "le" "cas" "prévu" "à" "l" "’" "article" "72" "." "2" "."


Input: "Lors" "de" "l" "’" "appréciation" "des" "compétences" "mentionnées" "au" "paragraphe" "précédent" "," "l" "’" "autorité" "requise" "est" "liée" "par" "les" "constatations" "de" "fait" "sur" "lesquelles" "la" "juridiction" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "d" "’" "origine" "a" "fondé" "sa" "compétence" "." "3" "."


Input: "Sans" "préjudice" "des" "dispositions" "du" "paragraphe" "1" "," "il" "ne" "peut" "être" "procédé" "au" "contrôle" "de" "la" "compétence" "des" "juridictions" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "d" "’" "origine" "."


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Input: "Le" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "10" "."


Input: "Les" "considérants" "11" "," "12" "," "21" "et" "33" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "énoncent" ":" "«" "(" "11" ")" "Les" "obligations" "alimentaires" "sont" "exclues" "du" "champ" "d" "’" "application" "du" "présent" "règlement" "car" "elles" "sont" "déjà" "régies" "par" "le" "règlement" "[" "." "." "." "]" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "."


Input: "Les" "juridictions" "compétentes" "en" "vertu" "du" "présent" "règlement" "seront" "généralement" "compétentes" "pour" "statuer" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "obligations" "alimentaires" "par" "application" "de" "l" "’" "article" "5" "," "[" "point" "]" "2" "," "du" "règlement" "[" "." "." "." "]" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "." "(" "12" ")" "Les" "règles" "de" "compétence" "établies" "par" "le" "présent" "règlement" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "sont" "conçues" "en" "fonction" "de" "l" "’" "intérêt" "supérieur" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "et" "en" "particulier" "du" "critère" "de" "proximité" "."


Input: "Ce" "sont" "donc" "en" "premier" "lieu" "les" "juridictions" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "dans" "lequel" "l" "’" "enfant" "a" "sa" "résidence" "habituelle" "qui" "devraient" "être" "compétentes" "," "sauf" "dans" "certains" "cas" "de" "changement" "de" "résidence" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "ou" "suite" "à" "un" "accord" "conclu" "entre" "les" "titulaires" "de" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "." "(" "21" ")" "La" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "rendues" "dans" "un" "État" "membre" "devraient" "reposer" "sur" "le" "principe" "de" "la" "confiance" "mutuelle" "et" "les" "motifs" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "devraient" "être" "réduits" "au" "minimum" "nécessaire" "." "(" "33" ")" "Le" "présent" "règlement" "reconnaît" "les" "droits" "fondamentaux" "et" "observe" "les" "principes" "consacrés" "par" "la" "charte" "des" "droits" "fondamentaux" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "européenne" "."


Input: "Il" "veille" "notamment" "à" "assurer" "le" "respect" "des" "droits" "fondamentaux" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "tels" "qu" "’" "énoncés" "à" "l" "’" "article" "24" "de" "la" "charte" "des" "droits" "fondamentaux" "[" "." "." "." "]" "»" "11" "."


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Input: "L" "’" "article" "19" "du" "même" "règlement" "," "intitulé" "«" "Litispendance" "et" "actions" "dépendantes" "»" "," "prévoit" ":" "«" "1" "."


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Input: "Lorsque" "des" "actions" "relatives" "à" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "à" "l" "’" "égard" "d" "’" "un" "enfant" "," "ayant" "le" "même" "objet" "et" "la" "même" "cause" "," "sont" "introduites" "auprès" "de" "juridictions" "d" "’" "États" "membres" "différents" "," "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "sursoit" "d" "’" "office" "à" "statuer" "jusqu" "’" "à" "ce" "que" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "soit" "établie" "." "3" "."


Input: "Lorsque" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "est" "établie" "," "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "se" "dessaisit" "en" "faveur" "de" "celle-ci" "."


Input: "Dans" "ce" "cas" "," "la" "partie" "ayant" "introduit" "l" "’" "action" "auprès" "de" "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "peut" "porter" "cette" "action" "devant" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "." "»" "14" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "21" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "intitulé" "«" "Reconnaissance" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "»" "," "énonce" "," "à" "ses" "paragraphes" "1" "et" "4" ":" "«" "1" "."


Input: "Les" "décisions" "rendues" "dans" "un" "État" "membre" "sont" "reconnues" "dans" "les" "autres" "États" "membres" "sans" "qu" "’" "il" "soit" "nécessaire" "de" "recourir" "à" "aucune" "procédure" "." "4" "."


Input: "Si" "la" "reconnaissance" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "est" "invoquée" "de" "façon" "incidente" "devant" "une" "juridiction" "d" "’" "un" "État" "membre" "," "celle-ci" "peut" "statuer" "en" "la" "matière" "." "»" "15" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "22" "de" "ce" "règlement" "," "intitulé" "«" "Motifs" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "des" "décisions" "de" "divorce" "," "de" "séparation" "de" "corps" "ou" "d" "’" "annulation" "du" "mariage" "»" "," "dispose" ":" "«" "Une" "décision" "rendue" "en" "matière" "de" "divorce" "," "de" "séparation" "de" "corps" "ou" "d" "’" "annulation" "du" "mariage" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "reconnue" ":" "a" ")" "si" "la" "reconnaissance" "est" "manifestement" "contraire" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" ";" "c" ")" "si" "elle" "est" "inconciliable" "avec" "une" "décision" "rendue" "dans" "une" "instance" "opposant" "les" "mêmes" "parties" "dans" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" ";" "16" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "23" "dudit" "règlement" "," "intitulé" "«" "Motifs" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "»" "," "est" "libellé" "comme" "suit" ":" "«" "Une" "décision" "rendue" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "reconnue" ":" "a" ")" "si" "la" "reconnaissance" "est" "manifestement" "contraire" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "eu" "égard" "aux" "intérêts" "supérieurs" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" ";" "e" ")" "si" "elle" "est" "inconciliable" "avec" "une" "décision" "rendue" "ultérieurement" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "dans" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" ";" "17" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "24" "du" "même" "règlement" "," "intitulé" "«" "Interdiction" "du" "contrôle" "de" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "d" "’" "origine" "»" "," "dispose" ":" "«" "Il" "ne" "peut" "être" "procédé" "au" "contrôle" "de" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "d" "’" "origine" "."


Input: "Le" "critère" "de" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "visé" "à" "l" "’" "article" "22" "," "[" "sous" "]" "a" ")" "," "et" "à" "l" "’" "article" "23" "," "[" "sous" "]" "a" ")" "," "ne" "peut" "être" "appliqué" "aux" "règles" "de" "compétence" "visées" "aux" "articles" "3" "à" "14" "." "»" "B" "."


Input: "Le" "droit" "italien" "18" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "150" "du" "codice" "civile" "(" "code" "civil" ")" "," "intitulé" "«" "Séparation" "de" "corps" "»" "," "dispose" ":" "«" "La" "séparation" "de" "corps" "des" "époux" "est" "possible" "."


Input: "La" "séparation" "peut" "être" "judiciaire" "ou" "consensuelle" "."


Input: "Seuls" "les" "conjoints" "sont" "en" "droit" "de" "demander" "la" "séparation" "judiciaire" "ou" "l" "’" "homologation" "de" "la" "convention" "de" "séparation" "." "»" "19" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "151" "du" "code" "civil" "," "intitulé" "«" "Séparation" "judiciaire" "»" "," "prévoit" ":" "«" "La" "séparation" "peut" "être" "demandée" "lorsque" "se" "produisent" "," "même" "indépendamment" "de" "la" "volonté" "de" "l" "’" "un" "des" "époux" "ou" "des" "deux" "," "des" "faits" "qui" "rendent" "intolérable" "la" "poursuite" "de" "la" "vie" "commune" "ou" "qui" "nuisent" "gravement" "à" "l" "’" "éducation" "des" "enfants" "."


Input: "En" "prononçant" "la" "séparation" "," "si" "les" "conditions" "sont" "réunies" "et" "si" "une" "demande" "est" "formulée" "en" "ce" "sens" "," "le" "juge" "prononce" "la" "séparation" "aux" "torts" "d" "’" "un" "des" "époux" "," "compte" "tenu" "de" "son" "comportement" "contraire" "aux" "devoirs" "qui" "découlent" "du" "mariage" "." "»" "20" "."


Input: "La" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "précise" "que" "," "aux" "fins" "de" "la" "dissolution" "définitive" "des" "liens" "du" "mariage" "(" "divorce" ")" "," "la" "disposition" "applicable" "ratione" "temporis" "est" "l" "’" "article" "3" "," "premier" "alinéa" "," "point" "2" "," "sous" "b" ")" "," "de" "la" "legge" "n" "." "898" "(" "Disciplina" "dei" "casi" "di" "scioglimento" "del" "matrimonio" ")" "[" "loi" "n" "°" "898" "(" "Régime" "des" "cas" "de" "dissolution" "du" "mariage" ")" "]" "(" "6" ")" "," "du" "1er" "décembre" "1970" "," "qui" "est" "libellé" "de" "la" "façon" "suivante" ":" "«" "La" "dissolution" "ou" "la" "cessation" "des" "effets" "civils" "du" "mariage" "peut" "être" "demandée" "par" "l" "’" "un" "des" "époux" ":" "2" ")" "dans" "les" "cas" "où" ":" "b" ")" "la" "séparation" "de" "corps" "entre" "époux" "a" "été" "prononcée" "par" "jugement" "ayant" "acquis" "force" "de" "chose" "jugée" "ou" "la" "séparation" "consensuelle" "a" "été" "homologuée" "," "ou" "il" "y" "a" "eu" "séparation" "de" "fait" "," "lorsque" "la" "séparation" "de" "fait" "a" "commencé" "au" "moins" "deux" "ans" "avant" "le" "18" "décembre" "1970" "."


Input: "Dans" "tous" "ces" "cas" "," "la" "demande" "de" "dissolution" "ou" "de" "cessation" "des" "effets" "civils" "du" "mariage" "est" "soumise" "à" "la" "condition" "que" "la" "séparation" "ait" "duré" "de" "manière" "ininterrompue" "pendant" "au" "moins" "trois" "ans" "à" "compter" "de" "la" "comparution" "des" "époux" "devant" "le" "président" "du" "tribunal" "dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "la" "procédure" "de" "séparation" "de" "corps" "," "y" "compris" "lorsque" "la" "procédure" "contentieuse" "est" "devenue" "consensuelle" "." "»" "21" "."


Input: "La" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "ajoute" "que" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "et" "l" "’" "obligation" "d" "’" "entretien" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "sont" "régies" "de" "la" "même" "manière" "," "en" "cas" "de" "séparation" "et" "de" "divorce" "," "par" "les" "articles" "337" "bis" "à" "337" "octies" "du" "code" "civil" "."


Input: "II" "."


Input: "Les" "faits" "du" "litige" "au" "principal" "et" "les" "questions" "préjudicielles" "22" "."


Input: "M" "."

"I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS"
"B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"
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Input: "Liberato" "et" "Mme" "Grigorescu" "se" "sont" "mariés" "à" "Rome" "(" "Italie" ")" "le" "22" "octobre" "2005" "et" "ont" "vécu" "ensemble" "dans" "cet" "État" "membre" "jusqu" "’" "à" "la" "naissance" "de" "leur" "enfant" "," "le" "20" "février" "2006" "."

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"B-PERSON" "O" "B-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "B-DATE" "I-DATE" "I-DATE" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-DATE" "I-DATE" "I-DATE" "O"


Input: "Le" "rapport" "conjugal" "s" "’" "est" "progressivement" "détérioré" "."


Input: "La" "mère" "a" "emmené" "l" "’" "enfant" "en" "Roumanie" "et" "n" "’" "est" "plus" "rentrée" "au" "foyer" "familial" "en" "Italie" "(" "7" ")" "." "23" "."


Input: "Par" "requête" "du" "22" "mai" "2007" "," "M" "."

"O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT"

"O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "B-TIME" "B-TIME" "B-TIME" "O" "B-TIME" "B-TIME"

"O" "O" "O" "B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS" "O" "B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS"

"O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT"

"O" "O" "O" "I-TIME" "I-TIME" "I-TIME" "O" "I-TIME" "I-TIME"

"O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS"

"O" "O" "O" "B-DATE" "I-DATE" "I-DATE" "O" "B-PERSON" "I-PERSON"


Input: "Liberato" "a" "saisi" "le" "Tribunale" "di" "Teramo" "(" "tribunal" "de" "Teramo" "," "Italie" ")" "d" "’" "une" "demande" "tendant" "à" "la" "séparation" "de" "corps" "et" "à" "la" "garde" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "."

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Input: "Mme" "Grigorescu" "s" "’" "est" "constituée" "partie" "à" "la" "procédure" "et" "a" "demandé" "que" "la" "séparation" "soit" "prononcée" "aux" "torts" "de" "son" "époux" "," "que" "la" "garde" "exclusive" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "lui" "soit" "confiée" "et" "qu" "’" "une" "contribution" "à" "l" "’" "entretien" "de" "celui-ci" "soit" "fixée" "à" "la" "charge" "du" "père" "." "24" "."


Input: "Par" "jugement" "du" "19" "janvier" "2012" "(" "8" ")" "," "le" "Tribunale" "di" "Teramo" "(" "tribunal" "de" "Teramo" ")" "a" "prononcé" "la" "séparation" "de" "corps" "des" "époux" "aux" "torts" "de" "Mme" "Grigorescu" "et" "," "par" "ordonnance" "séparée" "," "a" "renvoyé" "l" "’" "affaire" "à" "l" "’" "instruction" "en" "ce" "qui" "concerne" "les" "demandes" "réciproques" "des" "parties" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "exercice" "de" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "." "25" "."

"O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Alors" "que" "la" "procédure" "relative" "à" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "était" "encore" "pendante" "en" "Italie" "," "Mme" "Grigorescu" "a" "saisi" "," "le" "30" "septembre" "2009" "," "la" "Judecătoria" "București" "(" "tribunal" "de" "première" "instance" "de" "Bucarest" "," "Roumanie" ")" "et" "a" "demandé" "le" "divorce" "," "la" "garde" "exclusive" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "et" "une" "contribution" "à" "l" "’" "entretien" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "à" "la" "charge" "du" "père" "." "26" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "cette" "procédure" "contradictoire" "à" "l" "’" "égard" "de" "M" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION"


Input: "Liberato" "," "celui-ci" "a" "soulevé" "," "à" "titre" "liminaire" "," "l" "’" "exception" "de" "litispendance" "au" "motif" "que" "la" "procédure" "de" "séparation" "avait" "été" "engagée" "en" "Italie" "en" "premier" "lieu" "."


Input: "Néanmoins" "," "par" "jugement" "du" "31" "mai" "2010" "," "la" "Judecătoria" "București" "(" "tribunal" "de" "première" "instance" "de" "Bucarest" ")" "a" "prononcé" "la" "dissolution" "des" "liens" "du" "mariage" "," "a" "attribué" "la" "garde" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "à" "la" "mère" "et" "a" "fixé" "le" "régime" "de" "visites" "du" "père" "ainsi" "que" "le" "montant" "de" "la" "pension" "à" "verser" "par" "ce" "dernier" "en" "faveur" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "." "27" "."


Input: "Ce" "jugement" "a" "acquis" "force" "de" "chose" "jugée" "à" "la" "suite" "d" "’" "un" "arrêt" "de" "la" "Curtea" "de" "Apel" "București" "(" "cour" "d" "’" "appel" "de" "Bucarest" ")" "du" "12" "juin" "2013" "qui" "a" "confirmé" "le" "jugement" "du" "Tribunalul" "București" "(" "tribunal" "de" "grande" "instance" "de" "Bucarest" "," "Roumanie" ")" "du" "3" "décembre" "2012" "," "ayant" "rejeté" "l" "’" "appel" "formé" "par" "M" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT"


Input: "Liberato" "contre" "celui" "du" "31" "mai" "2010" "." "28" "."

"I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O"

"I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O"

"B-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O"

"B-TIME" "O" "O" "O" "B-TIME" "B-TIME" "B-TIME" "O" "O" "O"

"B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O"

"I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O"

"B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O"

"I-TIME" "O" "O" "O" "I-TIME" "I-TIME" "I-TIME" "O" "O" "O"

"I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O"

"B-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "B-DATE" "I-DATE" "I-DATE" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Ultérieurement" "," "la" "procédure" "de" "séparation" "en" "Italie" "s" "’" "est" "conclue" "par" "un" "jugement" "du" "8" "juillet" "2013" "du" "Tribunale" "di" "Teramo" "(" "tribunal" "de" "Teramo" ")" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-PERSON" "B-PERSON" "B-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "B-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "B-PERSON" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O"


Input: "Ce" "tribunal" "a" "attribué" "la" "garde" "exclusive" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "au" "père" "et" "a" "ordonné" "son" "retour" "immédiat" "en" "Italie" "."


Input: "Ledit" "tribunal" "a" "également" "fixé" "le" "régime" "de" "visites" "de" "la" "mère" "en" "Italie" "," "sous" "le" "contrôle" "des" "services" "sociaux" "et" "du" "ministère" "public" "," "et" "a" "imposé" "à" "la" "charge" "de" "cette" "dernière" "une" "contribution" "à" "l" "’" "entretien" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "." "29" "."


Input: "Le" "Tribunale" "di" "Teramo" "(" "tribunal" "de" "Teramo" ")" "a" "rejeté" "la" "demande" "incidente" "par" "laquelle" "Mme" "Grigorescu" "a" "demandé" "la" "reconnaissance" "en" "Italie" "de" "la" "décision" "de" "divorce" "rendue" "par" "le" "Tribunalul" "București" "(" "tribunal" "de" "grande" "instance" "de" "Bucarest" ")" "le" "3" "décembre" "2012" "," "en" "vertu" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "."

"O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Le" "Tribunale" "di" "Teramo" "(" "tribunal" "de" "Teramo" ")" "a" "observé" "que" "la" "procédure" "de" "divorce" "avait" "été" "engagée" "en" "Roumanie" "en" "2009" "," "après" "la" "procédure" "de" "séparation" "de" "corps" "diligentée" "en" "2007" "en" "Italie" "," "et" "que" "le" "Tribunalul" "București" "(" "tribunal" "de" "grande" "instance" "de" "Bucarest" ")" "avait" "enfreint" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "en" "ne" "sursoyant" "pas" "à" "statuer" "." "30" "."

"O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Mme" "Grigorescu" "a" "interjeté" "appel" "de" "ce" "jugement" "et" "a" "formé" "," "à" "titre" "liminaire" "," "une" "demande" "incidente" "tendant" "à" "la" "reconnaissance" "de" "l" "’" "arrêt" "de" "la" "Curtea" "de" "Apel" "București" "(" "cour" "d" "’" "appel" "de" "Bucarest" ")" "du" "12" "juin" "2013" "qui" "a" "rejeté" "l" "’" "exception" "de" "litispendance" "au" "motif" "," "selon" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "," "que" "les" "deux" "affaires" "n" "’" "avaient" "pas" "un" "objet" "identique" "selon" "le" "droit" "procédural" "roumain" "(" "9" ")" "."


Input: "Par" "un" "arrêt" "du" "31" "mars" "2014" "," "la" "Corte" "d" "’" "appello" "di" "L" "’" "Aquila" "(" "cour" "d" "’" "appel" "de" "L" "’" "Aquila" "," "Italie" ")" "a" "réformé" "le" "jugement" "rendu" "en" "première" "instance" "et" "a" "accueilli" "l" "’" "exception" "relative" "à" "la" "force" "de" "chose" "jugée" "acquise" "par" "la" "décision" "de" "divorce" "prononcée" "par" "les" "juges" "roumains" "," "qui" "concernait" "également" "la" "garde" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "et" "la" "contribution" "à" "l" "’" "entretien" "de" "ce" "dernier" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Cette" "juridiction" "a" "considéré" "que" "la" "violation" "," "par" "les" "organes" "judiciaires" "saisis" "en" "second" "lieu" "," "à" "savoir" "les" "juridictions" "roumaines" "," "du" "régime" "de" "la" "litispendance" "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "«" "pertinente" "»" "aux" "fins" "de" "l" "’" "examen" "des" "conditions" "de" "reconnaissance" "des" "mesures" "définitives" "adoptées" "par" "la" "Roumanie" "," "que" "les" "décisions" "roumaines" "ne" "sont" "pas" "inconciliables" "avec" "celles" "rendues" "en" "Italie" "et" "conclut" "qu" "’" "il" "n" "’" "existe" "aucun" "motif" "," "notamment" "d" "’" "ordre" "public" "," "faisant" "obstacle" "à" "la" "reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "roumaine" "." "31" "."


Input: "M" "."

"I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT"
"I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION"
"B-DATE" "B-DATE"
"I-DATE" "I-DATE"
"I-TIME" "I-TIME"
"I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS"
"B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"
"B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT"
"B-TIME" "B-TIME"
"B-ADDRESS" "B-ADDRESS"
"B-PERSON" "I-PERSON"


Input: "Liberato" "a" "formé" "un" "pourvoi" "en" "cassation" "contre" "cet" "arrêt" "de" "la" "Corte" "d" "’" "appello" "di" "L" "’" "Aquila" "(" "cour" "d" "’" "appel" "de" "L" "’" "Aquila" ")" "." "32" "."

"I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "I-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "B-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "I-AMOUNT" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"B-PERSON" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "La" "Corte" "suprema" "di" "cassazione" "(" "Cour" "de" "cassation" "," "Italie" ")" "," "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "," "indique" "que" "la" "décision" "rendue" "en" "Roumanie" "porte" "sur" "le" "lien" "matrimonial" "," "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "et" "l" "’" "obligation" "alimentaire" "."


Input: "Dans" "la" "procédure" "en" "séparation" "de" "corps" "engagée" "en" "Italie" "," "les" "mêmes" "demandes" "avaient" "été" "formulées" "," "sauf" "en" "ce" "qui" "concerne" "la" "demande" "relative" "au" "lien" "matrimonial" "," "qui" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "identique" "," "car" "l" "’" "ordre" "juridique" "italien" "exige" "qu" "’" "il" "soit" "établi" "," "avant" "le" "divorce" "," "que" "les" "conditions" "fixées" "par" "la" "loi" "pour" "la" "séparation" "de" "corps" "entre" "époux" "sont" "remplies" "." "33" "."


Input: "Cette" "juridiction" "expose" "," "d" "’" "abord" "," "qu" "’" "il" "n" "’" "existe" "pas" "de" "motifs" "tirés" "de" "l" "’" "article" "22" "," "sous" "c" ")" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "de" "l" "’" "article" "23" "," "sous" "e" ")" "," "de" "ce" "règlement" "ou" "de" "l" "’" "article" "34" "," "paragraphe" "4" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "faisant" "obstacle" "à" "la" "reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "roumaine" "en" "ce" "qui" "concerne" "respectivement" "le" "statut" "matrimonial" "," "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "et" "les" "obligations" "alimentaires" "." "34" "."


Input: "Selon" "ladite" "juridiction" "," "il" "convient" "d" "’" "examiner" "," "ensuite" "," "si" "les" "dispositions" "applicables" "relatives" "à" "la" "litispendance" "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "à" "savoir" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "et" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "ont" "été" "violées" "par" "les" "juridictions" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "dans" "lequel" "la" "décision" "dont" "la" "reconnaissance" "est" "demandée" "a" "été" "rendue" "et" "," "si" "elles" "l" "’" "ont" "toutes" "deux" "été" "," "si" "cette" "violation" "peut" "être" "considérée" "comme" "un" "motif" "faisant" "obstacle" "à" "la" "reconnaissance" "en" "raison" "de" "sa" "contrariété" "manifeste" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "." "35" "."


Input: "La" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "souligne" "que" "la" "litispendance" "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "est" "l" "’" "expression" "du" "principe" "autour" "duquel" "s" "’" "articule" "le" "système" "de" "confiance" "et" "de" "coopération" "sur" "lequel" "se" "fonde" "la" "circulation" "des" "décisions" "de" "justice" "entre" "États" "membres" "."


Input: "La" "litispendance" "se" "fonde" "sur" "trois" "principes" "," "à" "savoir" "l" "’" "autonomie" "de" "cette" "notion" "," "l" "’" "interdiction" "," "pour" "le" "juge" "saisi" "en" "second" "lieu" "," "de" "contrôler" "la" "compétence" "du" "juge" "saisi" "en" "premier" "lieu" "et" "la" "priorité" "temporelle" "de" "celui-ci" "," "obligatoire" "pour" "le" "juge" "saisi" "en" "second" "lieu" "." "36" "."


Input: "La" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "relève" "que" "l" "’" "exception" "de" "litispendance" "soulevée" "par" "M" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION"


Input: "Liberato" "à" "chaque" "étape" "de" "la" "procédure" "roumaine" "," "et" "notamment" "devant" "la" "Curtea" "de" "Apel" "București" "(" "cour" "d" "’" "appel" "de" "Bucarest" ")" "," "a" "été" "rejetée" "sur" "le" "fondement" "de" "l" "’" "identité" "parfaite" "de" "cause" "," "d" "’" "objet" "et" "de" "parties" "," "en" "application" "," "d" "’" "une" "part" "," "de" "la" "règle" "procédurale" "nationale" "roumaine" "de" "litispendance" "et" "," "d" "’" "autre" "part" "," "de" "la" "notion" "de" "«" "litispendance" "»" "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "telle" "que" "figurant" "à" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "1" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "."


Input: "Elle" "en" "déduit" "que" "les" "juridictions" "roumaines" "ont" "méconnu" "le" "libellé" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "1" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "qui" "place" "sur" "le" "même" "plan" "les" "demandes" "de" "séparation" "de" "corps" "," "de" "divorce" "et" "d" "’" "annulation" "de" "mariage" "et" "ne" "requiert" "donc" "pas" "l" "’" "identité" "de" "cause" "et" "d" "’" "objet" "." "37" "."


Input: "S" "’" "agissant" "de" "la" "décision" "relative" "à" "l" "’" "obligation" "d" "’" "entretien" "envers" "l" "’" "enfant" "," "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "relève" "qu" "’" "elle" "est" "causalement" "subordonnée" "à" "la" "décision" "relative" "à" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "et" "ne" "saurait" "en" "être" "séparée" "ni" "sur" "le" "plan" "logique" "ni" "sur" "le" "plan" "juridique" "," "étant" "donné" "qu" "’" "elle" "dépend" "de" "la" "décision" "principale" "."


Input: "Elle" "estime" "que" "sont" "remplies" "les" "conditions" "de" "l" "’" "article" "28" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "lues" "à" "la" "lumière" "de" "l" "’" "article" "3" "du" "règlement" "(" "CE" ")" "n" "°" "4" "/" "2009" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "18" "décembre" "2008" "," "relatif" "à" "la" "compétence" "," "la" "loi" "applicable" "," "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "et" "la" "coopération" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "obligations" "alimentaires" "(" "10" ")" "," "quand" "bien" "même" "cette" "disposition" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "directement" "applicable" "(" "11" ")" "." "38" "."


Input: "Selon" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "," "la" "décision" "définitive" "roumaine" "dont" "la" "reconnaissance" "est" "demandée" "a" "été" "rendue" "par" "une" "juridiction" "dépourvue" "du" "pouvoir" "de" "connaître" "du" "litige" "," "car" "elle" "a" "été" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "." "39" "."


Input: "La" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "considère" "que" "cette" "violation" "concerne" "non" "seulement" "l" "’" "application" "d" "’" "un" "critère" "d" "’" "attribution" "de" "la" "compétence" "juridictionnelle" "entre" "deux" "États" "membres" "," "mais" "également" "," "compte" "tenu" "de" "la" "fonction" "de" "la" "litispendance" "dans" "le" "système" "de" "reconnaissance" "automatique" "et" "d" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "de" "justice" "des" "États" "membres" "," "la" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "d" "’" "un" "principe" "d" "’" "ordre" "public" "procédural" "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "lequel" "se" "matérialise" "par" "la" "circulation" "légale" "des" "décisions" "de" "justice" "au" "sein" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "."


Input: "Le" "principe" "de" "la" "priorité" "temporelle" "," "qui" "sous-tend" "la" "règle" "procédurale" "en" "vertu" "de" "laquelle" "la" "litispendance" "est" "soulevée" "," "prend" "une" "importance" "fondamentale" "dans" "le" "cadre" "du" "droit" "procédural" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "parce" "qu" "’" "il" "a" "la" "fonction" "d" "’" "éviter" "des" "initiatives" "judiciaires" "tendant" "uniquement" "à" "contrecarrer" "l" "’" "issue" "de" "procès" "en" "cas" "de" "désaccord" "avec" "les" "décisions" "sur" "le" "fond" "déjà" "rendues" "par" "le" "juge" "compétent" "saisi" "en" "premier" "lieu" "dont" "la" "compétence" "a" "," "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "été" "acceptée" "de" "manière" "incontestable" "." "40" "."


Input: "La" "juridiction" "fait" "également" "valoir" "que" "l" "’" "article" "24" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "lequel" "interdit" "le" "contrôle" "de" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "d" "’" "origine" "," "renvoie" "aux" "règles" "de" "compétence" "visées" "aux" "articles" "3" "à" "14" "de" "ce" "règlement" "et" "non" "à" "la" "règle" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "dudit" "règlement" "." "41" "."


Input: "Dans" "ces" "conditions" "," "la" "Corte" "suprema" "di" "cassazione" "(" "Cour" "de" "cassation" ")" "a" "décidé" "de" "surseoir" "à" "statuer" "et" "de" "poser" "à" "la" "Cour" "les" "questions" "préjudicielles" "suivantes" ":" "«" "1" ")" "La" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "figurant" "à" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphes" "2" "et" "3" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "n" "’" "a-t-elle" "d" "’" "incidence" "que" "sur" "la" "détermination" "de" "la" "compétence" "juridictionnelle" "et" "," "par" "conséquent" "," "l" "’" "article" "24" "de" "ce" "règlement" "s" "’" "applique-t-il" "ou" "," "au" "contraire" "," "cette" "violation" "fait-elle" "obstacle" "à" "ce" "que" "la" "décision" "rendue" "dans" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "dont" "l" "’" "autorité" "juridictionnelle" "a" "été" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "soit" "reconnue" "dans" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "dont" "l" "’" "autorité" "juridictionnelle" "a" "été" "saisie" "en" "premier" "lieu" "," "pour" "des" "motifs" "d" "’" "ordre" "public" "procédural" "," "compte" "tenu" "du" "fait" "que" "cet" "article" "24" "renvoie" "uniquement" "aux" "règles" "de" "compétence" "juridictionnelle" "figurant" "aux" "articles" "3" "à" "14" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "et" "non" "à" "son" "article" "19" "?"


Input: "2" ")" "L" "’" "interprétation" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "en" "vertu" "de" "laquelle" "il" "ne" "représente" "qu" "’" "un" "critère" "de" "détermination" "de" "la" "compétence" "juridictionnelle" "est-elle" "contraire" "à" "la" "notion" "de" "“" "litispendance" "”" "prévue" "en" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "ainsi" "qu" "’" "à" "la" "fonction" "et" "à" "la" "finalité" "de" "cette" "disposition" "," "qui" "vise" "à" "énoncer" "un" "ensemble" "de" "règles" "impératives" "d" "’" "ordre" "public" "procédural" "garantissant" "la" "création" "d" "’" "un" "espace" "commun" "," "caractérisé" "par" "la" "confiance" "et" "la" "loyauté" "procédurale" "réciproques" "entre" "États" "membres" "," "au" "sein" "duquel" "la" "reconnaissance" "automatique" "et" "la" "libre" "circulation" "des" "décisions" "peuvent" "opérer" "?"


Input: "»" "III" "."


Input: "Notre" "analyse" "42" "."


Input: "La" "détermination" "des" "conséquences" "du" "défaut" "de" "respect" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "," "dans" "les" "circonstances" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "nécessite" "de" "préciser" "," "au" "préalable" "," "l" "’" "ensemble" "des" "dispositions" "à" "interpréter" "ainsi" "que" "les" "conditions" "de" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "du" "mécanisme" "de" "la" "litispendance" "."


Input: "A" "."


Input: "Observations" "liminaires" "1" "."


Input: "Sur" "la" "reformulation" "des" "questions" "préjudicielles" "43" "."


Input: "Il" "convient" "de" "relever" "que" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "ne" "pose" "ses" "questions" "qu" "’" "au" "regard" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "alors" "qu" "’" "il" "ressort" "de" "la" "décision" "de" "renvoi" "que" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "porte" "non" "seulement" "sur" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "," "mais" "également" "sur" "les" "obligations" "alimentaires" "," "lesquelles" "ne" "sont" "pas" "couvertes" "par" "ce" "règlement" "(" "12" ")" "." "44" "."


Input: "En" "conséquence" "," "il" "convient" "de" "reformuler" "les" "questions" "posées" "en" "visant" "l" "’" "article" "5" "," "point" "2" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "applicable" "dès" "lors" "que" "les" "actions" "ont" "été" "engagées" "avant" "le" "18" "juin" "2011" "(" "13" ")" "." "45" "."


Input: "Il" "y" "a" "aussi" "lieu" "de" "considérer" "que" "," "par" "ses" "deux" "questions" "préjudicielles" "," "qu" "’" "il" "convient" "d" "’" "examiner" "ensemble" "," "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "demande" "," "en" "substance" "," "si" "l" "’" "article" "35" "," "paragraphe" "3" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "et" "l" "’" "article" "24" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "peuvent" "être" "interprétés" "comme" "n" "’" "interdisant" "pas" "que" "la" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "," "énoncées" "à" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "et" "à" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "par" "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "puisse" "constituer" "un" "motif" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "rendue" "par" "celle-ci" "," "fondé" "sur" "la" "contrariété" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "contenant" "des" "règles" "procédurales" "considérées" "comme" "essentielles" "dans" "l" "’" "ordre" "juridique" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "." "2" "."


Input: "Sur" "l" "’" "identité" "du" "mécanisme" "prévu" "par" "les" "règlements" "n" "°" "s" "44" "/" "2001" "et" "2201" "/" "2003" "en" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "46" "."


Input: "Ces" "deux" "règlements" "imposent" "au" "second" "juge" "de" "se" "dessaisir" "en" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "(" "14" ")" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "constaté" "que" "«" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "[" "(" "15" ")" "]" "est" "rédigé" "dans" "des" "termes" "proches" "de" "ceux" "utilisés" "à" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "lequel" "a" "remplacé" "l" "’" "article" "21" "de" "la" "convention" "[" "(" "16" ")" "]" "," "et" "met" "en" "place" "un" "mécanisme" "équivalent" "à" "celui" "prévu" "à" "ces" "deux" "derniers" "articles" "pour" "traiter" "des" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "."


Input: "Il" "y" "a" "lieu" "," "par" "conséquent" "," "de" "tenir" "compte" "des" "considérations" "de" "la" "Cour" "relatives" "à" "ces" "derniers" "»" "(" "17" ")" "." "3" "."


Input: "Sur" "le" "mécanisme" "institué" "en" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "et" "sa" "finalité" "47" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "que" "la" "Cour" "l" "’" "a" "déjà" "souligné" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "«" "le" "législateur" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "a" "entendu" "mettre" "en" "place" "un" "mécanisme" "clair" "et" "efficace" "pour" "résoudre" "les" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "(" "voir" "," "par" "analogie" "," "s" "’" "agissant" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "arrêt" "Cartier" "parfums-lunettes" "et" "Axa" "Corporate" "Solutions" "assurances" "," "C" "‑" "1" "/" "13" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2014" ":" "109" "," "point" "40" ")" "»" "(" "18" ")" "." "48" "."


Input: "Ce" "mécanisme" "," "qui" "«" "se" "fonde" "sur" "l" "’" "ordre" "chronologique" "dans" "lequel" "les" "juridictions" "ont" "été" "saisies" "»" "(" "19" ")" "," "consiste" "pour" "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "à" "surseoir" "d" "’" "office" "à" "statuer" "," "jusqu" "’" "à" "ce" "que" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "soit" "établie" "." "49" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "précisé" "que" "," "«" "pour" "que" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "premier" "lieu" "soit" "établie" "au" "sens" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "1" "," "[" "du" "]" "règlement" "[" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "]" "," "il" "suffit" "que" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "n" "’" "ait" "pas" "décliné" "d" "’" "office" "sa" "compétence" "et" "qu" "’" "aucune" "des" "parties" "ne" "l" "’" "ait" "contestée" "avant" "ou" "jusqu" "’" "au" "moment" "de" "la" "prise" "de" "position" "considérée" "," "par" "son" "droit" "national" "," "comme" "la" "première" "défense" "au" "fond" "présentée" "devant" "cette" "juridiction" "(" "voir" "," "par" "analogie" "," "arrêt" "Cartier" "parfums-lunettes" "et" "Axa" "Corporate" "Solutions" "assurances" "," "C" "‑" "1" "/" "13" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2014" ":" "1099" "," "point" "44" ")" "»" "(" "20" ")" "." "50" "."


Input: "Plus" "concrètement" "," "ainsi" "que" "la" "Cour" "l" "’" "a" "préconisé" "," "«" "[" "s" "]" "elon" "les" "possibilités" "prévues" "par" "son" "droit" "national" "," "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "peut" "," "lorsque" "les" "deux" "litiges" "opposent" "les" "mêmes" "parties" "," "s" "’" "enquérir" "auprès" "de" "la" "partie" "qui" "invoque" "l" "’" "exception" "de" "litispendance" "de" "l" "’" "existence" "du" "litige" "allégué" "et" "du" "contenu" "de" "la" "demande" "."


Input: "Par" "ailleurs" "," "prenant" "en" "considération" "le" "fait" "que" "le" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "est" "fondé" "sur" "la" "coopération" "et" "la" "confiance" "mutuelle" "entre" "les" "juridictions" "," "cette" "juridiction" "peut" "avertir" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "de" "l" "’" "introduction" "de" "la" "demande" "devant" "elle" "," "attirer" "l" "’" "attention" "de" "cette" "dernière" "sur" "l" "’" "éventualité" "d" "’" "une" "litispendance" "," "inviter" "cette" "dernière" "à" "lui" "communiquer" "les" "informations" "relatives" "à" "la" "demande" "pendante" "devant" "elle" "et" "à" "prendre" "position" "sur" "sa" "compétence" "au" "sens" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "ou" "à" "lui" "communiquer" "toute" "décision" "déjà" "adoptée" "à" "cet" "égard" "."


Input: "Enfin" "," "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "pourra" "s" "’" "adresser" "à" "l" "’" "autorité" "centrale" "de" "son" "État" "membre" "»" "(" "21" ")" "." "51" "."


Input: "Le" "caractère" "impératif" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "énoncées" "à" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "(" "22" ")" "est" "justifié" "par" "leur" "finalité" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "relevé" "que" "«" "ces" "règles" "visent" "à" "éviter" "des" "procédures" "parallèles" "devant" "les" "juridictions" "de" "différents" "États" "membres" "et" "la" "contrariété" "de" "décisions" "qui" "pourraient" "en" "résulter" "»" "(" "23" ")" "." "52" "."


Input: "Elles" "participent" "à" "la" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "du" "principe" "de" "reconnaissance" "de" "plein" "droit" "des" "décisions" "rendues" "dans" "les" "États" "membres" "," "qui" "repose" "sur" "le" "principe" "de" "confiance" "mutuelle" "." "4" "."


Input: "Sur" "les" "conditions" "de" "la" "litispendance" "et" "leur" "application" "au" "litige" "au" "principal" "53" "."


Input: "Selon" "une" "jurisprudence" "constante" "de" "la" "Cour" "," "les" "notions" "utilisées" "pour" "déterminer" "la" "situation" "de" "litispendance" "," "notamment" "dans" "les" "règlements" "n" "°" "s" "44" "/" "2001" "et" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "doivent" "être" "considérées" "comme" "autonomes" "." "54" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "expressément" "rappelé" "ce" "principe" "en" "se" "fondant" "sur" "les" "objectifs" "poursuivis" "par" "le" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "et" "sur" "«" "la" "circonstance" "que" "le" "texte" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "2" "," "de" "ce" "règlement" "," "au" "lieu" "de" "se" "référer" "au" "terme" "de" "“" "litispendance" "”" "tel" "qu" "’" "il" "est" "employé" "dans" "les" "différents" "ordres" "juridiques" "nationaux" "des" "États" "membres" "," "énonce" "plusieurs" "conditions" "matérielles" "en" "tant" "qu" "’" "éléments" "d" "’" "une" "définition" "»" "(" "24" ")" "." "55" "."


Input: "En" "matière" "de" "demandes" "relatives" "au" "lien" "matrimonial" "," "il" "résulte" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "1" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "comparé" "à" "son" "paragraphe" "2" "," "que" "la" "seule" "condition" "à" "examiner" "," "pour" "déterminer" "l" "’" "existence" "d" "’" "une" "procédure" "concurrente" "," "concerne" "les" "parties" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "eu" "l" "’" "occasion" "de" "l" "’" "énoncer" "expressément" "dans" "l" "’" "arrêt" "du" "6" "octobre" "2015" "," "A" "(" "25" ")" "."

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Input: "Elle" "a" "ainsi" "dit" "pour" "droit" "qu" "’" "«" "une" "situation" "de" "litispendance" "peut" "exister" "lorsque" "deux" "juridictions" "d" "’" "États" "membres" "différents" "sont" "saisies" "[" "." "." "." "]" "d" "’" "une" "procédure" "de" "séparation" "de" "corps" "pour" "l" "’" "une" "et" "d" "’" "une" "procédure" "de" "divorce" "pour" "l" "’" "autre" "ou" "lorsqu" "’" "elles" "sont" "toutes" "deux" "saisies" "d" "’" "une" "demande" "en" "divorce" "»" "(" "26" ")" "." "56" "."


Input: "Si" "," "lors" "de" "l" "’" "instance" "relative" "au" "lien" "matrimonial" "," "des" "demandes" "relatives" "à" "la" "responsabilité" "parentale" "ont" "été" "formées" "," "les" "règles" "de" "la" "litispendance" "relatives" "à" "la" "désunion" "s" "’" "appliquent" "(" "27" ")" "." "57" "."


Input: "Il" "en" "est" "de" "même" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "aliments" "dès" "lors" "que" "la" "demande" "est" "«" "accessoire" "à" "[" "l" "’" "]" "action" "relative" "à" "l" "’" "état" "des" "personnes" "»" "," "conformément" "à" "l" "’" "article" "5" "," "point" "2" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "." "58" "."


Input: "Après" "le" "prononcé" "du" "divorce" "," "sous" "réserve" "de" "l" "’" "application" "de" "l" "’" "article" "12" "," "paragraphe" "2" "," "sous" "b" ")" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "la" "condition" "d" "’" "identité" "d" "’" "objet" "et" "de" "cause" "est" "requise" "," "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "," "selon" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "2" "," "de" "ce" "règlement" "(" "28" ")" "."


Input: "S" "’" "agissant" "de" "la" "demande" "relative" "à" "l" "’" "obligation" "alimentaire" "," "les" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "énoncées" "à" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "applicables" "en" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "exigent" "de" "vérifier" "l" "’" "identité" "d" "’" "objet" "," "de" "cause" "et" "de" "parties" "." "59" "."


Input: "En" "outre" "," "il" "convient" "d" "’" "observer" "que" "la" "priorité" "donnée" "à" "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "premier" "lieu" "perdure" "pour" "autant" "qu" "’" "elle" "n" "’" "ait" "pas" "décliné" "sa" "compétence" "," "après" "l" "’" "avoir" "obligatoirement" "vérifiée" "conformément" "à" "l" "’" "article" "17" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "(" "29" ")" "," "à" "chaque" "étape" "de" "la" "procédure" "(" "30" ")" "." "60" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "dès" "la" "saisine" "de" "la" "juridiction" "roumaine" "," "le" "mécanisme" "prévu" "en" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "devait" "être" "mis" "en" "œuvre" "par" "celle-ci" "à" "la" "fois" "pour" "la" "décision" "sur" "la" "désunion" "ainsi" "que" "pour" "ses" "conséquences" "concernant" "l" "’" "enfant" "," "qui" "résidait" "en" "Roumanie" "," "par" "l" "’" "effet" "de" "la" "prorogation" "de" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "italienne" "(" "31" ")" "." "61" "."


Input: "Or" "," "il" "résulte" "de" "l" "’" "arrêt" "de" "la" "Curtea" "de" "Apel" "București" "(" "cour" "d" "’" "appel" "de" "Bucarest" ")" "du" "12" "juin" "2013" "que" "la" "juridiction" "roumaine" "a" "mal" "appliqué" "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "(" "32" ")" "en" "rejetant" "l" "’" "exception" "de" "litispendance" "," "soulevée" "par" "M" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION"


Input: "Liberato" "," "fondée" "sur" "les" "demandes" "relatives" "au" "lien" "matrimonial" "."

"B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "En" "effet" "," "elle" "s" "’" "est" "d" "’" "abord" "référée" "au" "droit" "national" "roumain" "fixant" "les" "conditions" "de" "la" "litispendance" "et" "de" "l" "’" "autorité" "de" "la" "chose" "jugée" "pour" "ensuite" "estimer" "qu" "’" "«" "[" "i" "]" "l" "résulte" "clairement" "de" "la" "rédaction" "de" "[" "l" "’" "]" "article" "19" "[" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "]" "qui" "énumère" "distinctement" "les" "trois" "hypothèses" "de" "litispendance" "," "à" "savoir" "“" "les" "demandes" "en" "divorce" "," "en" "séparation" "de" "corps" "ou" "en" "annulation" "du" "mariage" "formées" "entre" "les" "mêmes" "parties" "”" "," "que" "les" "deux" "demandes" "concurrentes" "doivent" "avoir" "en" "commun" "uniquement" "l" "’" "un" "des" "trois" "objets" "et" "non" "pas" "deux" "objets" "distincts" "parmi" "ceux" "expressément" "et" "limitativement" "énumérés" "par" "le" "texte" "."


Input: "[" "E" "]" "n" "l" "’" "espèce" "," "les" "deux" "demandes" "ont" "chacune" "un" "objet" "distinct" "," "à" "savoir" "la" "séparation" "en" "Italie" "et" "le" "divorce" "en" "Roumanie" "," "ce" "qui" "exclut" "l" "’" "application" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "."


Input: "C" "’" "est" "à" "bon" "droit" "que" "la" "juridiction" "d" "’" "appel" "a" "retenu" "que" "le" "système" "roumain" "ignore" "l" "’" "institution" "de" "la" "séparation" "."


Input: "Partant" "," "il" "est" "évident" "qu" "’" "il" "ne" "saurait" "y" "avoir" "“" "identité" "”" "avec" "une" "telle" "demande" "formée" "devant" "les" "juridictions" "d" "’" "un" "autre" "État" "membre" "."


Input: "Quand" "bien" "même" "l" "’" "institution" "serait" "connue" "," "il" "convient" "de" "relever" "qu" "’" "il" "n" "’" "y" "a" "pas" "d" "’" "identité" "entre" "divorce" "et" "séparation" "»" "." "62" "."


Input: "Par" "ailleurs" "," "il" "convient" "d" "’" "observer" "que" "l" "’" "exception" "de" "litispendance" "soutenue" "par" "M" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION"


Input: "Liberato" "à" "tous" "les" "stades" "de" "la" "procédure" "était" "fondée" "sur" "cette" "prorogation" "de" "compétence" "liée" "à" "la" "demande" "de" "séparation" "de" "corps" "et" "non" "sur" "les" "règles" "applicables" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "ou" "d" "’" "aliments" "." "63" "."


Input: "À" "cet" "égard" "," "il" "peut" "être" "relevé" "que" "," "après" "le" "prononcé" "de" "la" "décision" "relative" "au" "lien" "matrimonial" "le" "19" "janvier" "2012" "par" "la" "juridiction" "italienne" "(" "33" ")" "," "la" "question" "de" "la" "litispendance" "est" "nettement" "plus" "difficile" "à" "analyser" "(" "34" ")" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "elle" "n" "’" "a" "pu" "continuer" "à" "se" "poser" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "qu" "’" "en" "raison" "de" "la" "vérification" "positive" "par" "cette" "juridiction" "de" "sa" "compétence" "."


Input: "Celle-ci" "ne" "pourrait" "résulter" "," "selon" "nous" "," "que" "de" "l" "’" "interprétation" "des" "dispositions" "de" "l" "’" "article" "12" "," "paragraphe" "2" "," "sous" "b" ")" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "(" "35" ")" "," "qui" "doit" "," "à" "notre" "sens" "," "être" "combinée" "avec" "la" "recherche" "de" "l" "’" "intérêt" "supérieur" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "qui" "avait" "justifié" "," "avec" "l" "’" "accord" "de" "la" "mère" "," "la" "prorogation" "de" "compétence" "au" "début" "de" "la" "procédure" "(" "36" ")" "." "64" "."


Input: "Dès" "lors" "que" "ces" "conditions" "doivent" "être" "réunies" "pour" "justifier" "que" "la" "juridiction" "italienne" "est" "compétente" "pour" "statuer" "," "à" "titre" "incident" "," "sur" "la" "reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "roumaine" "qui" "a" "mis" "un" "terme" "à" "la" "litispendance" "," "il" "appartient" "à" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "de" "s" "’" "assurer" "qu" "’" "elles" "ont" "été" "vérifiées" "(" "37" ")" "." "65" "."


Input: "C" "’" "est" "à" "la" "lumière" "de" "l" "’" "ensemble" "de" "ces" "considérations" "qu" "’" "il" "convient" "désormais" "de" "préciser" "quelles" "conséquences" "doivent" "être" "tirées" "du" "défaut" "de" "respect" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "," "au" "regard" "des" "circonstances" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "."


Input: "B" "."


Input: "Les" "conséquences" "du" "défaut" "de" "respect" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "66" "."


Input: "Il" "convient" "de" "relever" "d" "’" "emblée" "les" "circonstances" "particulières" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "," "devant" "laquelle" "restent" "pendantes" "les" "mêmes" "demandes" "entre" "les" "mêmes" "parties" "(" "38" ")" "," "doit" "statuer" "sur" "une" "demande" "incidente" "de" "reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "définitive" "rendue" "par" "la" "juridiction" "seconde" "saisie" "." "67" "."


Input: "En" "conséquence" "," "pour" "ce" "seul" "motif" "," "la" "décision" "de" "la" "Cour" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "ayant" "donné" "lieu" "à" "l" "’" "arrêt" "du" "22" "décembre" "2010" "," "Mercredi" "(" "39" ")" "," "selon" "laquelle" "," "en" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "," "une" "décision" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "rendue" "par" "une" "seconde" "juridiction" "saisie" "," "en" "méconnaissance" "de" "l" "’" "obligation" "de" "surseoir" "à" "statuer" "(" "40" ")" "," "«" "n" "’" "affecterai" "[" "t" "]" "»" "pas" "celle" "devant" "être" "rendue" "par" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "(" "41" ")" "," "n" "’" "est" "pas" "transposable" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "contrairement" "à" "ce" "que" "soutient" "la" "Commission" "européenne" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "relevé" "au" "point" "67" "de" "l" "’" "arrêt" "du" "22" "décembre" "2010" "," "Mercredi" "(" "42" ")" "," "que" "la" "décision" "litigieuse" "rendue" "par" "la" "juridiction" "seconde" "saisie" "n" "’" "était" "pas" "définitive" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Au" "surplus" "," "l" "’" "incertitude" "sur" "la" "résidence" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "et" "l" "’" "imbrication" "de" "la" "procédure" "tendant" "au" "retour" "de" "celui-ci" "justifient" "également" "la" "solution" "particulière" "retenue" "dans" "cette" "affaire" "." "68" "."


Input: "Par" "suite" "," "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "la" "question" "de" "la" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "doit" "être" "examinée" "au" "regard" "des" "motifs" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "énoncés" "par" "les" "règlements" "n" "°" "s" "2201" "/" "2003" "et" "44" "/" "2001" "." "69" "."


Input: "Dans" "le" "cadre" "de" "la" "procédure" "pendante" "qui" "ne" "porte" "plus" "sur" "la" "désunion" "(" "43" ")" "," "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "a" "retenu" "à" "juste" "titre" "que" "," "parmi" "les" "motifs" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "prévus" "par" "le" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "seul" "le" "critère" "de" "la" "contrariété" "manifeste" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "de" "la" "reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "rendue" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "(" "44" ")" "," "figurant" "à" "l" "’" "article" "23" "," "sous" "a" ")" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "doit" "être" "analysé" "en" "combinaison" "avec" "l" "’" "article" "24" "de" "ce" "règlement" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "celui-ci" "exclut" "l" "’" "application" "du" "critère" "d" "’" "ordre" "public" "aux" "règles" "de" "compétence" "visées" "aux" "articles" "3" "à" "14" "dudit" "règlement" "." "70" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "déjà" "examiné" "une" "telle" "question" "dans" "l" "’" "arrêt" "P" "." "71" "."


Input: "La" "différence" "des" "circonstances" "en" "cause" "dans" "cette" "affaire" "(" "45" ")" "par" "rapport" "à" "celles" "de" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "ne" "nous" "paraît" "pas" "dirimante" "dès" "lors" "que" "," "d" "’" "une" "part" "," "la" "décision" "de" "la" "Cour" "porte" "sur" "l" "’" "articulation" "des" "règles" "relatives" "à" "la" "compétence" "ou" "à" "la" "coordination" "de" "procédures" "parallèles" "avec" "celles" "autorisant" "un" "refus" "de" "reconnaissance" "des" "décisions" "rendues" "dans" "un" "État" "membre" "et" "que" "," "d" "’" "autre" "part" "," "elle" "est" "fondée" "sur" "des" "principes" "généraux" "repris" "quasiment" "à" "l" "’" "identique" "de" "l" "’" "arrêt" "du" "16" "juillet" "2015" "," "Diageo" "Brands" "(" "46" ")" "." "72" "."


Input: "Dans" "l" "’" "arrêt" "P" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "marqué" "sa" "volonté" "de" "retenir" "une" "même" "conception" "restrictive" "des" "motifs" "permettant" "de" "s" "’" "opposer" "à" "la" "reconnaissance" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "," "en" "se" "référant" "à" "celle" "retenue" "en" "cas" "d" "’" "application" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "ce" "qui" "justifie" "," "opportunément" "pour" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "en" "raison" "des" "deux" "règlements" "applicables" "," "de" "considérer" "que" "cette" "décision" "doit" "servir" "de" "base" "à" "la" "réponse" "aux" "questions" "préjudicielles" "posées" "par" "la" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "." "73" "."


Input: "La" "Cour" "a" "rappelé" "," "d" "’" "une" "part" "," "que" "," "«" "conformément" "au" "considérant" "21" "[" "du" "]" "règlement" "[" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "]" "," "celui‑ci" "est" "fondé" "sur" "la" "conception" "selon" "laquelle" "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "rendues" "dans" "un" "État" "membre" "doivent" "reposer" "sur" "le" "principe" "de" "la" "confiance" "mutuelle" "et" "les" "motifs" "de" "non‑reconnaissance" "doivent" "être" "réduits" "au" "minimum" "nécessaire" "»" "(" "47" ")" "et" "," "d" "’" "autre" "part" "," "que" "," "«" "[" "d" "]" "ans" "ce" "système" "," "l" "’" "article" "23" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "qui" "énonce" "les" "motifs" "pouvant" "être" "opposés" "à" "la" "reconnaissance" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "," "doit" "recevoir" "une" "interprétation" "stricte" "en" "ce" "qu" "’" "il" "constitue" "un" "obstacle" "à" "la" "réalisation" "de" "l" "’" "un" "des" "objectifs" "fondamentaux" "de" "ce" "règlement" "»" "(" "48" ")" "." "74" "."


Input: "Ces" "objectifs" "et" "ces" "principes" "ont" "justifié" "que" "le" "législateur" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "énonce" "," "à" "l" "’" "article" "24" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "l" "’" "interdiction" "de" "tout" "contrôle" "de" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "(" "49" ")" "et" "«" "précise" "même" "explicitement" "que" "l" "’" "article" "23" "," "sous" "a" ")" "," "du" "même" "règlement" "ne" "saurait" "être" "utilisé" "pour" "procéder" "à" "un" "tel" "contrôle" "»" "(" "50" ")" "en" "visant" "les" "articles" "3" "à" "14" "de" "ce" "règlement" "(" "51" ")" "."


Input: "Ce" "socle" "," "auquel" "il" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "possible" "de" "déroger" "directement" "ou" "indirectement" "," "résulte" "également" "de" "l" "’" "uniformisation" "des" "règles" "de" "compétence" "et" "de" "la" "présomption" "de" "la" "régularité" "de" "la" "vérification" "de" "celles-ci" "par" "toute" "juridiction" "lors" "de" "sa" "saisine" "." "75" "."


Input: "Pour" "l" "’" "ensemble" "de" "ces" "motifs" "," "la" "Cour" "a" "étendu" "dans" "l" "’" "arrêt" "P" "l" "’" "interdiction" "de" "l" "’" "application" "du" "critère" "tiré" "de" "la" "contrariété" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "à" "l" "’" "article" "15" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "(" "52" ")" "." "76" "."


Input: "Toutefois" "," "si" "l" "’" "article" "19" "de" "ce" "règlement" "figure" "," "comme" "cet" "article" "15" "," "dans" "le" "chapitre" "II" "dudit" "règlement" "," "intitulé" "«" "Compétence" "»" "," "il" "ne" "complète" "pas" "les" "dispositions" "particulières" "attributives" "de" "compétence" "insérées" "dans" "les" "sections" "1" "et" "2" "," "dès" "lors" "qu" "’" "il" "se" "situe" "dans" "la" "section" "3" "relative" "aux" "«" "[" "d" "]" "ispositions" "communes" "»" "." "77" "."


Input: "Pour" "autant" "," "nous" "considérons" "que" "la" "solution" "de" "l" "’" "arrêt" "P" "doit" "être" "transposée" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "lorsque" "la" "juridiction" "première" "saisie" "," "statuant" "sur" "une" "demande" "incidente" "de" "reconnaissance" "," "vérifie" "si" "les" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "ont" "été" "correctement" "appliquées" "par" "la" "juridiction" "seconde" "saisie" "et" "," "partant" "," "les" "raisons" "pour" "lesquelles" "elle" "n" "’" "a" "pas" "décliné" "sa" "compétence" "," "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "premier" "lieu" "contrôle" "la" "vérification" "par" "celle-ci" "de" "sa" "compétence" "."


Input: "Or" "," "l" "’" "article" "24" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "le" "lui" "interdit" "." "78" "."


Input: "De" "plus" "," "en" "raison" "des" "conditions" "de" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "des" "règles" "de" "compétence" "," "telles" "que" "nous" "les" "avons" "exposées" "précédemment" "," "ce" "contrôle" "ne" "pourrait" "se" "limiter" "à" "la" "vérification" "des" "dates" "de" "saisine" "."


Input: "Par" "conséquent" "," "l" "’" "appréciation" "de" "la" "gravité" "du" "défaut" "de" "respect" "de" "ces" "règles" "au" "stade" "de" "la" "reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "pourrait" "s" "’" "avérer" "tout" "aussi" "problématique" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "il" "est" "possible" "de" "concevoir" "," "spécialement" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "et" "en" "cas" "de" "prorogation" "de" "compétence" "," "que" "," "à" "l" "’" "issue" "des" "échanges" "entre" "les" "juridictions" "," "la" "première" "saisie" "décline" "sa" "compétence" "notamment" "en" "raison" "des" "critères" "de" "compétence" "," "à" "savoir" "la" "proximité" "avec" "le" "lieu" "de" "résidence" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "et" "l" "’" "intérêt" "supérieur" "de" "celui-ci" "(" "53" ")" "." "79" "."


Input: "En" "outre" "," "ainsi" "que" "la" "Cour" "l" "’" "a" "relevé" "dans" "l" "’" "arrêt" "P" "," "«" "le" "juge" "de" "l" "’" "État" "requis" "ne" "saurait" "," "sous" "peine" "de" "remettre" "en" "cause" "la" "finalité" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "refuser" "la" "reconnaissance" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "émanant" "d" "’" "un" "autre" "État" "membre" "au" "seul" "motif" "qu" "’" "il" "estime" "que" "," "dans" "cette" "décision" "," "le" "droit" "national" "ou" "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "a" "été" "mal" "appliqué" "»" "(" "54" ")" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "il" "nous" "paraît" "difficile" "de" "justifier" "que" "le" "défaut" "de" "résolution" "du" "conflit" "de" "compétence" "(" "55" ")" "en" "cas" "de" "procédures" "parallèles" "soit" "traité" "plus" "strictement" "que" "l" "’" "absence" "de" "vérification" "de" "la" "compétence" "(" "56" ")" "," "ou" "les" "erreurs" "commises" "à" "cette" "occasion" "," "qui" "échappent" "à" "tout" "contrôle" "conformément" "aux" "dispositions" "de" "l" "’" "article" "24" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "et" "de" "plusieurs" "autres" "règlement" "européens" "." "80" "."


Input: "Nous" "déduisons" "de" "l" "’" "ensemble" "de" "ces" "éléments" "que" "," "nonobstant" "l" "’" "absence" "de" "référence" "expresse" "à" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "à" "l" "’" "article" "24" "de" "ce" "règlement" "," "celui-ci" "doit" "être" "interprété" "en" "ce" "sens" "que" "l" "’" "interdiction" "du" "contrôle" "de" "la" "compétence" "de" "la" "juridiction" "d" "’" "origine" "qu" "’" "il" "énonce" "s" "’" "applique" "également" "en" "cas" "de" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "(" "57" ")" "." "81" "."


Input: "S" "’" "agissant" "des" "demandes" "relatives" "aux" "aliments" "," "il" "y" "a" "lieu" "de" "relever" "qu" "’" "aucune" "difficulté" "ne" "se" "pose" "en" "raison" "du" "libellé" "de" "l" "’" "article" "35" "," "paragraphe" "3" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "(" "58" ")" "." "82" "."


Input: "Au" "vu" "de" "l" "’" "ensemble" "de" "ces" "considérations" "," "nous" "proposons" "à" "la" "Cour" "de" "dire" "pour" "droit" "que" "l" "’" "article" "35" "," "paragraphe" "3" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "et" "l" "’" "article" "24" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "doivent" "être" "interprétés" "comme" "interdisant" "que" "la" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "," "énoncées" "à" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "et" "à" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "par" "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "constitue" "un" "motif" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "rendue" "par" "celle-ci" "," "fondé" "sur" "la" "contrariété" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "." "83" "."


Input: "Par" "souci" "d" "’" "exhaustivité" "," "nous" "entendons" "préciser" "que" "," "s" "’" "il" "devait" "être" "admis" "que" "le" "critère" "de" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "est" "applicable" "," "l" "’" "arrêt" "P" "fixe" "," "là" "encore" "," "les" "limites" "qui" "doivent" "être" "réaffirmées" "(" "59" ")" "." "84" "."


Input: "En" "effet" "," "cet" "arrêt" "est" "fondé" "sur" "des" "principes" "énoncés" "à" "de" "nombreuses" "reprises" "à" "l" "’" "occasion" "de" "l" "’" "interprétation" "des" "motifs" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "figurant" "dans" "plusieurs" "règlements" "organisant" "la" "libre" "circulation" "des" "jugements" "(" "60" ")" "ainsi" "que" "sur" "l" "’" "exigence" "du" "législateur" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "de" "prendre" "en" "compte" "les" "«" "intérêts" "supérieurs" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "»" "(" "61" ")" "," "en" "cas" "de" "refus" "de" "reconnaissance" "d" "’" "une" "décision" "rendue" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "," "tout" "en" "conservant" "à" "l" "’" "esprit" "la" "constante" "possibilité" "de" "modifier" "les" "décisions" "concernant" "l" "’" "enfant" "." "85" "."


Input: "Il" "conviendrait" "," "en" "conséquence" "," "de" "dire" "pour" "droit" "à" "nouveau" "que" "«" "l" "’" "article" "23" "," "sous" "a" ")" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "doit" "être" "interprété" "en" "ce" "sens" "que" "," "en" "l" "’" "absence" "d" "’" "une" "violation" "manifeste" "," "eu" "égard" "aux" "intérêts" "supérieurs" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "," "d" "’" "une" "règle" "de" "droit" "considérée" "comme" "essentielle" "dans" "l" "’" "ordre" "juridique" "d" "’" "un" "État" "membre" "ou" "d" "’" "un" "droit" "reconnu" "comme" "fondamental" "dans" "cet" "ordre" "juridique" "," "cette" "disposition" "ne" "permet" "pas" "à" "la" "juridiction" "de" "cet" "État" "membre" "," "qui" "se" "considère" "compétente" "pour" "statuer" "sur" "la" "garde" "d" "’" "un" "enfant" "," "de" "refuser" "de" "reconnaître" "la" "décision" "d" "’" "une" "juridiction" "d" "’" "un" "autre" "État" "membre" "qui" "a" "statué" "sur" "la" "garde" "de" "cet" "enfant" "»" "(" "62" ")" "." "86" "."


Input: "La" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "estime" "que" "la" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "porte" "atteinte" "," "en" "raison" "de" "leur" "fonction" "dans" "le" "système" "de" "reconnaissance" "automatique" "des" "décisions" "au" "sein" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "," "à" "un" "principe" "d" "’" "ordre" "public" "procédural" "qui" "garantit" "la" "circulation" "des" "décisions" "." "87" "."


Input: "Or" "," "une" "telle" "qualification" "ne" "peut" "être" "retenue" "," "car" "ces" "règles" "n" "’" "ont" "pas" "une" "importance" "comparable" "à" "celles" "retenues" "par" "la" "Cour" "pour" "considérer" "que" "la" "reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "porterait" "atteinte" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "procédural" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "(" "63" ")" "."


Input: "Une" "telle" "appréciation" "doit" "être" "cohérente" "avec" "les" "principes" "précédemment" "exposés" "," "à" "savoir" "la" "limitation" "des" "motifs" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "énoncés" "à" "l" "’" "article" "23" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "le" "caractère" "exceptionnel" "du" "recours" "à" "la" "clause" "d" "’" "ordre" "public" "et" "l" "’" "interdiction" "pour" "le" "juge" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "de" "refuser" "de" "reconnaître" "une" "décision" "émanant" "d" "’" "un" "autre" "État" "membre" "au" "seul" "motif" "qu" "’" "il" "estime" "que" "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "a" "été" "mal" "appliqué" "." "88" "."


Input: "Nous" "sommes" "parfaitement" "conscient" "de" "l" "’" "impact" "de" "notre" "analyse" "dans" "le" "contexte" "bien" "connu" "de" "l" "’" "instrumentalisation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "," "encouragée" "par" "la" "large" "palette" "de" "chefs" "de" "compétence" "offerte" "par" "le" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "spécialement" "dans" "les" "cas" "de" "saisine" "d" "’" "une" "juridiction" "d" "’" "un" "État" "membre" "dont" "la" "loi" "ne" "permet" "pas" "de" "demander" "le" "divorce" "immédiatement" "(" "64" ")" "." "89" "."


Input: "Il" "pourrait" "aussi" "être" "soutenu" "que" "," "en" "raison" "de" "la" "portée" "très" "large" "de" "la" "solution" "," "qui" "ne" "peut" "être" "cantonnée" "aux" "règlements" "applicables" "en" "matière" "familiale" "," "les" "piliers" "du" "principe" "de" "reconnaissance" "de" "plein" "droit" "des" "jugements" "risquent" "d" "’" "être" "sérieusement" "ébranlés" "par" "le" "défaut" "de" "sanction" "de" "la" "violation" "d" "’" "une" "règle" "impérative" "figurant" "dans" "de" "nombreux" "règlements" "européens" "." "90" "."


Input: "Néanmoins" "," "une" "telle" "crainte" "ne" "peut" "prospérer" "dès" "lors" "que" "ces" "règlements" "sont" "précisément" "fondés" "sur" "la" "coopération" "ainsi" "que" "sur" "la" "confiance" "mutuelle" "entre" "les" "juridictions" "des" "États" "membres" "et" "que" "la" "même" "logique" "que" "celle" "qui" "préside" "à" "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "à" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "rendues" "dans" "chaque" "État" "membre" "doit" "être" "retenue" "(" "65" ")" "." "91" "."


Input: "En" "conséquence" "," "par" "principe" "," "il" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "concevable" "que" "les" "cas" "de" "défaut" "de" "respect" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "se" "multiplient" "," "et" "ce" "d" "’" "autant" "plus" "que" "," "contrairement" "à" "la" "juridiction" "roumaine" "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "les" "juridictions" "des" "États" "membres" "connaissent" "depuis" "l" "’" "année" "2015" "l" "’" "interprétation" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "1" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "et" "disposeront" "à" "l" "’" "avenir" "," "grâce" "à" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "de" "l" "’" "interprétation" "complémentaire" "de" "la" "Cour" "portant" "sur" "les" "conditions" "et" "les" "modalités" "de" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "dans" "les" "conflits" "familiaux" "(" "66" ")" "." "92" "."


Input: "En" "outre" "," "il" "faut" "insister" "sur" "la" "faculté" "offerte" "aux" "juridictions" "de" "prévenir" "les" "difficultés" "inhérentes" "aux" "conflits" "de" "procédure" "grâce" "à" "la" "coopération" "judiciaire" "et" "au" "dialogue" "entre" "les" "juridictions" "," "tels" "que" "décrits" "précédemment" "(" "67" ")" "," "en" "s" "’" "inspirant" "également" "des" "dispositions" "de" "l" "’" "article" "29" "," "paragraphe" "2" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "1215" "/" "2012" "ainsi" "que" "des" "articles" "17" "des" "règlements" "2016" "/" "1103" "et" "2016" "/" "1104" "(" "68" ")" "." "93" "."


Input: "Nous" "soutenons" "également" "que" "," "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "," "eu" "égard" "à" "l" "’" "intérêt" "supérieur" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "qui" "doit" "guider" "toute" "solution" "(" "69" ")" "," "la" "prévention" "des" "difficultés" "de" "reconnaissance" "des" "décisions" "est" "obligatoire" "."


Input: "À" "cet" "égard" "," "dans" "l" "’" "affaire" "au" "principal" "," "il" "aurait" "été" "opportun" "de" "permettre" "à" "la" "Cour" "de" "se" "prononcer" "plus" "tôt" "(" "70" ")" "sur" "les" "conditions" "de" "la" "litispendance" "."


Input: "La" "mise" "en" "œuvre" "de" "la" "procédure" "prévue" "à" "l" "’" "article" "15" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "aurait" "pu" "également" "être" "envisagée" "sur" "requête" "de" "l" "’" "une" "des" "parties" "ou" "à" "l" "’" "initiative" "de" "l" "’" "une" "des" "juridictions" "(" "71" ")" "." "94" "."


Input: "Par" "ailleurs" "," "si" "," "dans" "des" "circonstances" "exceptionnelles" "," "la" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "devait" "résulter" "de" "l" "’" "ignorance" "des" "règlements" "applicables" "et" "de" "la" "jurisprudence" "de" "la" "Cour" "ou" "si" "elle" "avait" "abouti" "à" "porter" "atteinte" "à" "des" "droits" "procéduraux" "d" "’" "une" "valeur" "supérieure" "tels" "que" "ceux" "qui" "," "par" "exemple" "," "garantissent" "l" "’" "expression" "des" "arguments" "du" "parent" "chez" "lequel" "l" "’" "enfant" "ne" "réside" "pas" "(" "72" ")" "ainsi" "que" "le" "respect" "de" "délais" "de" "jugement" "raisonnables" "," "il" "nous" "paraîtrait" "alors" "justifié" "d" "’" "invoquer" "le" "motif" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "tiré" "de" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "contenant" "les" "droits" "fondamentaux" "reconnus" "par" "le" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "." "95" "."


Input: "Enfin" "," "il" "convient" "de" "rappeler" "que" "l" "’" "opportunité" "d" "’" "un" "recours" "en" "manquement" "peut" "être" "examinée" "par" "la" "Commission" "(" "73" ")" "," "en" "cas" "d" "’" "application" "erronée" "du" "droit" "national" "ou" "du" "droit" "de" "l" "’" "Union" "et" "de" "défaillance" "du" "système" "des" "voies" "de" "recours" "mis" "en" "place" "dans" "chaque" "État" "membre" "," "complété" "par" "le" "mécanisme" "du" "renvoi" "préjudiciel" "," "prévu" "à" "l" "’" "article" "267" "TFUE" "," "qui" "doit" "être" "mis" "en" "œuvre" "afin" "d" "’" "empêcher" "en" "amont" "une" "violation" "de" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "(" "74" ")" "."


Input: "IV" "."


Input: "Conclusion" "96" "."


Input: "Eu" "égard" "aux" "considérations" "qui" "précèdent" "," "nous" "proposons" "à" "la" "Cour" "de" "répondre" "aux" "questions" "préjudicielles" "posées" "par" "la" "Corte" "suprema" "di" "cassazione" "(" "Cour" "de" "cassation" "," "Italie" ")" "de" "la" "manière" "suivante" ":" "L" "’" "article" "35" "," "paragraphe" "3" "," "du" "règlement" "(" "CE" ")" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "22" "décembre" "2000" "," "concernant" "la" "compétence" "judiciaire" "," "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "civile" "et" "commerciale" "," "et" "l" "’" "article" "24" "du" "règlement" "(" "CE" ")" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "27" "novembre" "2003" "," "relatif" "à" "la" "compétence" "," "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "matrimoniale" "et" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "abrogeant" "le" "règlement" "(" "CE" ")" "n" "°" "1347" "/" "2000" "," "doivent" "être" "interprétés" "comme" "interdisant" "que" "la" "violation" "des" "règles" "de" "litispendance" "," "énoncées" "à" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "et" "à" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "," "par" "la" "juridiction" "saisie" "en" "second" "lieu" "constitue" "un" "motif" "de" "non-reconnaissance" "de" "la" "décision" "rendue" "par" "celle-ci" "," "fondé" "sur" "la" "contrariété" "à" "l" "’" "ordre" "public" "de" "l" "’" "État" "membre" "requis" "." "1" "Langue" "originale" ":" "le" "français" "." "2" "JO" "2003" "," "L" "338" "," "p" "." "1" "." "3" "C" "‑" "455" "/" "15" "PPU" "," "ci-après" "l" "’" "«" "arrêt" "P" "»" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "763" "." "4" "S" "’" "agissant" "de" "la" "nécessité" "de" "viser" "ce" "règlement" "," "voir" "points" "43" "et" "44" "des" "présentes" "conclusions" "." "5" "JO" "2001" "," "L" "12" "," "p" "." "1" "." "6" "GURI" "n" "°" "306" "," "du" "3" "décembre" "1970" "," "p" "." "8046" "." "7" "Il" "est" "précisé" "," "dans" "la" "décision" "définitive" "n" "°" "1072" "de" "la" "Curtea" "de" "Apel" "București" "(" "cour" "d" "’" "appel" "de" "Bucarest" "," "Roumanie" ")" "," "3e" "chambre" "civile" "pour" "les" "mineurs" "et" "la" "famille" "," "du" "12" "juin" "2013" "," "annexée" "à" "la" "décision" "de" "renvoi" "et" "produite" "par" "M" "."


Input: "Liberato" "," "que" "«" "[" "l" "]" "e" "tribunal" "a" "jugé" "que" "les" "parties" "ont" "contracté" "le" "mariage" "en" "Italie" "," "au" "mois" "d" "’" "octobre" "2005" "et" "ont" "vécu" "par" "alternance" "en" "Roumanie" "et" "en" "Italie" "jusqu" "’" "au" "mois" "d" "’" "octobre" "2006" "."

"B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "B-ORGANISATION" "O"

"I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O"

"I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ADDRESS" "I-ADDRESS" "O"


Input: "Depuis" "lors" "," "les" "parties" "se" "sont" "séparées" "en" "fait" "," "la" "défenderesse" "et" "l" "’" "enfant" "mineur" "issu" "de" "l" "’" "union" "vivant" "exclusivement" "en" "Roumanie" "."


Input: "Ainsi" "," "depuis" "2006" "," "la" "défenderesse" "a" "vécu" "exclusivement" "en" "Roumanie" "," "où" "elle" "a" "détenu" "domicile" "unique" "»" "."

"O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"

"O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"


Input: "Il" "résulte" "des" "termes" "de" "la" "décision" "de" "renvoi" "que" "la" "licéité" "du" "déplacement" "ou" "du" "non-retour" "de" "l" "’" "enfant" "n" "’" "est" "pas" "un" "élément" "du" "débat" "." "8" "La" "juridiction" "de" "renvoi" "a" "précisé" "que" "ce" "jugement" "a" "acquis" "force" "de" "chose" "jugée" "." "9" "S" "’" "agissant" "des" "détails" "de" "la" "motivation" "," "voir" "point" "61" "des" "présentes" "conclusions" "." "10" "JO" "2009" "," "L" "7" "," "p" "." "1" "." "11" "Selon" "l" "’" "article" "76" "," "troisième" "alinéa" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "4" "/" "2009" "," "ce" "dernier" "est" "applicable" "depuis" "le" "18" "juin" "2011" "." "12" "Cette" "proposition" "de" "reformulation" "de" "la" "question" "est" "à" "rapprocher" "de" "celle" "à" "laquelle" "la" "Cour" "a" "procédé" "dans" "l" "’" "arrêt" "du" "15" "février" "2017" "," "W" "et" "V" "(" "C" "‑" "499" "/" "15" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2017" ":" "118" "," "points" "44" "à" "46" "et" "jurisprudence" "citée" ")" "." "13" "Le" "Tribunale" "di" "Teramo" "(" "tribunal" "de" "Teramo" ")" "a" "été" "saisi" "le" "22" "mai" "2007" "de" "la" "demande" "principale" "," "il" "a" "renvoyé" "l" "’" "examen" "des" "demandes" "dépendantes" "par" "décision" "du" "19" "janvier" "2012" "et" "a" "statué" "sur" "celles-ci" "par" "une" "décision" "non" "définitive" "du" "8" "juillet" "2013" "." "14" "Il" "peut" "être" "observé" "que" "l" "’" "obligation" "de" "respecter" "la" "chronologie" "des" "saisines" "figure" "également" "dans" "le" "règlement" "n" "°" "4" "/" "2009" "," "à" "l" "’" "article" "12" "," "qui" "est" "plus" "strict" "que" "l" "’" "article" "19" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "en" "ce" "qu" "’" "il" "exige" "une" "triple" "identité" "de" "cause" "," "d" "’" "objet" "et" "de" "parties" "."


Input: "Il" "en" "est" "de" "même" "aux" "articles" "17" "de" "trois" "autres" "règlements" "," "à" "savoir" "le" "règlement" "(" "UE" ")" "n" "°" "650" "/" "2012" "du" "Parlement" "européen" "et" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "4" "juillet" "2012" "," "relatif" "à" "la" "compétence" "," "la" "loi" "applicable" "," "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "," "et" "l" "’" "acceptation" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "actes" "authentiques" "en" "matière" "de" "successions" "et" "à" "la" "création" "d" "’" "un" "certificat" "successoral" "européen" "(" "JO" "2012" "," "L" "201" "," "p" "." "107" ")" "," "le" "règlement" "(" "UE" ")" "2016" "/" "1103" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "24" "juin" "2016" "," "mettant" "en" "œuvre" "une" "coopération" "renforcée" "dans" "le" "domaine" "de" "la" "compétence" "," "de" "la" "loi" "applicable" "," "de" "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "de" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "de" "régimes" "matrimoniaux" "(" "JO" "2016" "," "L" "183" "," "p" "." "1" ")" "," "et" "le" "règlement" "(" "UE" ")" "2016" "/" "1104" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "24" "juin" "2016" "," "mettant" "en" "œuvre" "une" "coopération" "renforcée" "dans" "le" "domaine" "de" "la" "compétence" "," "de" "la" "loi" "applicable" "," "de" "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "de" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "d" "’" "effets" "patrimoniaux" "des" "partenariats" "enregistrés" "(" "JO" "2016" "," "L" "183" "," "p" "." "30" ")" "."


Input: "Dans" "ces" "deux" "derniers" "règlements" "," "il" "est" "précisé" "que" "," "en" "cas" "de" "sursis" "à" "statuer" "pour" "cause" "de" "litispendance" "," "«" "à" "la" "demande" "d" "’" "une" "juridiction" "saisie" "du" "litige" "," "toute" "autre" "juridiction" "saisie" "informe" "sans" "retard" "la" "première" "juridiction" "de" "la" "date" "à" "laquelle" "elle" "a" "été" "saisie" "»" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "29" "du" "règlement" "(" "UE" ")" "n" "°" "1215" "/" "2012" "du" "Parlement" "européen" "et" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "12" "décembre" "2012" "," "concernant" "la" "compétence" "judiciaire" "," "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "civile" "et" "commerciale" "(" "JO" "2012" "," "L" "351" "," "p" "." "1" ")" "," "est" "rédigé" "en" "termes" "similaires" "."


Input: "Il" "est" "à" "noter" "que" "le" "mécanisme" "prévu" "à" "l" "’" "article" "33" "de" "ce" "règlement" "en" "cas" "de" "litispendance" "extra-européenne" "," "qui" "constitue" "une" "innovation" "majeure" "," "n" "’" "est" "pas" "comparable" "." "15" "Ce" "règlement" "a" "abrogé" "le" "règlement" "(" "CE" ")" "n" "°" "1347" "/" "2000" "du" "Conseil" "," "du" "29" "mai" "2000" "," "relatif" "à" "la" "compétence" "," "la" "reconnaissance" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "matrimoniale" "et" "en" "matière" "de" "responsabilité" "parentale" "des" "enfants" "communs" "(" "JO" "2000" "," "L" "160" "," "p" "." "19" ")" "."


Input: "L" "’" "article" "11" "," "paragraphe" "2" "," "de" "ce" "règlement" "prévoyait" "des" "conditions" "dérogeant" "à" "la" "triple" "identité" "d" "’" "objet" "," "de" "cause" "et" "de" "parties" "uniquement" "pour" "le" "divorce" "." "16" "Convention" "du" "27" "septembre" "1968" "concernant" "la" "compétence" "judiciaire" "et" "l" "’" "exécution" "des" "décisions" "en" "matière" "civile" "et" "commerciale" "(" "JO" "1998" "," "C" "27" "," "p" "." "1" ")" "," "telle" "que" "modifiée" "par" "les" "conventions" "successives" "relatives" "à" "l" "’" "adhésion" "des" "nouveaux" "États" "membres" "à" "cette" "convention" "." "17" "Voir" "arrêt" "du" "6" "octobre" "2015" "," "A" "(" "C" "‑" "489" "/" "14" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "654" "," "point" "27" ")" "." "18" "Voir" "arrêt" "du" "6" "octobre" "2015" "," "A" "(" "C" "‑" "489" "/" "14" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "654" "," "point" "29" ")" "." "19" "Voir" "arrêt" "du" "6" "octobre" "2015" "," "A" "(" "C" "‑" "489" "/" "14" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "654" "," "point" "30" ")" "." "20" "Voir" "arrêt" "du" "6" "octobre" "2015" "," "A" "(" "C" "‑" "489" "/" "14" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2015" ":" "654" "," "point" "34" ")" "."


Input: "Cette" "interprétation" "," "inspirée" "de" "celle" "de" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "vaut" "également" "pour" "l" "’" "application" "de" "l" "’" "article" "19" "," "paragraphe" "2" "," "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "."


Input: "Cette" "solution" "permet" "de" "résoudre" "les" "cas" "dans" "lesquels" "le" "juge" "premier" "saisi" "ne" "s" "’" "est" "pas" "prononcé" "explicitement" "sur" "sa" "compétence" "." "21" "Voir" "arrêt" "du" "9" "novembre" "2010" "," "Purrucker" "(" "C" "‑" "296" "/" "10" "," "EU" ":" "C" ":" "2010" ":" "665" "," "point" "81" ")" "."


Input: "À" "cet" "égard" "," "le" "réseau" "judiciaire" "européen" "en" "matière" "civile" "et" "commerciale" "(" "RJECC" ")" "joue" "un" "rôle" "primordial" "afin" "de" "simplifier" "et" "d" "’" "accélérer" "la" "coopération" "judiciaire" "en" "cas" "d" "’" "application" "de" "ces" "dispositions" "en" "matière" "de" "litispendance" "ou" "de" "l" "’" "article" "15" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "2201" "/" "2003" "." "22" "Il" "en" "est" "de" "même" "de" "l" "’" "article" "27" "du" "règlement" "n" "°" "44" "/" "2001" "," "contrairement" "aux" "dispositions" "applicables" "en" "cas" "de" "connexité" "(" "article" "28" "de" "ce" "règlement" ")" "."

"O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "I-ORGANISATION" "O" "B-ORGANISATION" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O" "O"