Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1
proline:proton symporter activity
A cluster of proton/amino acid transporter genes in the human and mouse genomes.
We recently cloned and functionally characterized two novel proton/amino acid transporters (PAT1 and PAT2) from mouse. Here we report the isolation of the corresponding cDNAs of the human orthologues and one additional mouse and human PAT-like transporter cDNA, designated PAT3. The PAT proteins comprise 470 to 483 amino acids. The mouse PAT3 mRNA is expressed in testis of adult mice. In the human and mouse genomes the genes of the PAT transporters (designated SLC36A1-3 and Slc36a1-3, respectively) are clustered on human chromosome 5q33.1 and in the syntenic region of mouse chromosome 11B1.3. PAT-like transporter genes are present as well in the genomes of other eukaryotic organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans. For the PAT3 subtype transporter, we could not yet identify its function. The human PAT1 and PAT2 transporters when functionally expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes show characteristics similar to those of their mouse counterparts.