texts: I am looking for a Minnesota law similar to a California law about vehicles, trailers, and overhang

texts:
I don't know that you will be able to find the Minnesota statute or regulation on point. If you can, I will be grateful for sure but my search led me to a more general question.
MN has a comparatively easy to use online statute library. https://www.revisor.leg.state.mn.us/ I searched there for trailer and could not find any regulation about how far off the back of a trailer a load can hang (or how far a load can hang off the back of a trailer). I searched CA's statutes and found their rule:

Vehicle Code - VEH
DIVISION 15. CHAPTER 4. Length [35400 - 35414]
35410.
The load upon any motor vehicle alone or an independent load only upon a trailer or semitrailer shall not extend to the rear beyond the last point of support for a greater distance than that equal to two-thirds of the length of the wheelbase of the vehicle carrying such load, except that the wheelbase of a semitrailer shall be considered as the distance between the rearmost axle of the towing vehicle and the rearmost axle of the semitrailer.

So I know that some states regulate this stuff.
The fact that I cannot find a statute in MN leads me to hesitantly conclude that the statute does not exist. However, if I get pulled over and cited, I will not be surprised that the rule exists and that I just missed it.
So, with something like this, how does one go about exhausting the search and (perhaps more interestingly) can we use as a defense the extent to which we searched and the extent to which the statute was nearly impossible to find?
Oh, and—is there a rule in MN about load-overhang?


texts: What are the license/legal requirements to write a guidebook about a specific product?

texts:
As the title says. I'm writing guide and reference books (Amazon short-reads) aimed at people who aren't tech-savvy with the goal of improving their tech literacy. I've seen books like the one linked below which are guides to an existing product that don't seem to come with any sort of official seal of approval. I'm wondering if these are just sitting ducks in a legal grey area, or if these are protected by fair use or some other legal defense.
Here is an example of what I'm talking about.


texts: Neighbour damaging property boundary - what are our rights?

texts:
UK query here. My question is about the options available to us when a neighbour carries out actions that damage our hedge boundary.

The rights and responsibilities of property owners when it comes to hedges are discussed frequently on internet forums as it seems to be a very common source of conflict between neighbours.

If I am responsible for a boundary (as specified in the deeds) and it is a hedge that forms this boundary it doesn’t mean I have to maintain their side of the hedge for them. As I understand it, each neighbour is responsible for the part of the hedge that is on their side of the property line - which should run through the centre of the hedge trunks if planted correctly.

So a neighbour, if they wished could cut the hedge back as much as they want on their side, but if they were to lean over and start cutting on my side of the boundary or even cut down the whole thing then this could constitute criminal damage.

But what about situations where the neighbour carries out works that, strictly speaking, are only on their side of the boundary but are severely detrimental to the health of the hedge - perhaps to the extent of killing it off?

In this case, our neighbour is excavating part of their front garden to create a drive. In doing so they have been extremely thorough in removing the earth right up to the boundary line, going halfway round the trunks of the hedge and even underneath the root ball. This has exposed a good two-thirds of the roots of the hedge to the elements which is surely not going to be good for the plant.

If the hedge dies off then would we have grounds to take action against the neighbours for the cost of a replacement? According to the deeds, it is our boundary to maintain.

The neighbouring property is a building site, practically, at the moment and the owner has previously said that they would prefer to replace the hedge with a brick wall. More recent attempts to contact them have been ignored.


texts:
Suppose that I have issued a civil claim against a defendant under the UK's Civil Procedure Rules [CPR] §8, which is a simplified procedure often used if no material disputes of fact are involved. The court has served the notice of issue of my claim on what I believe to be the defendant's address -- my reasons for which are documented in the claim -- and the court considers it to be served two business days after posting. If the defendant does not respond within the required 14-day period, under the rules, they are not allowed to submit evidence of a defence without the court's explicit permission.
Yet what happens if they claim no service at all -- or would, if they responded to it? What if the address is wrong, they have moved, or similar? How, practically, in the UK, are these issues decided?
Under CPR § 7 ("normal") proceedings, if they did not respond, I could file a request for judgement (quite simply -- e.g. using form N225 if a specific monetary amount is claimed) and, if everything proceeded "smoothly" to my benefit, and the judge was satisfied the claim was served correctly, I would likely win, and could therefore claim damages through recovering money from the defendant's bank account(s) should I know them. Yet CPR §8 specifically forbids requests for summary judgement, and as far as my reading goes, the entire rest of the procedures the rules as described assume that the defendant engages with them.
What happens, frankly, if they don't? Would it be likely that one would win a successful judgement against a defendant at an incorrect address? Or would the defendant likely request that the judgement be set aside and the case started anew, once they had "discovered" my pending action?


texts:
Often I see a disclaimer to negate any damages caused by software. But I found https://www.pgadmin.org/licence.php which has the last line that says liability should be limited to 1 euro. Is there a reason why a liability cannot be fully negated?

  The Artistic Licence

  BY INSTALLING OR DISTRIBUTING PGADMIN AND RELATED SOFTWARE, YOU AGREE
  WITH THE FOLLOWING DISCLAIMER:

  PGADMIN AND RELATED SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED WITHOUT GUARANTEE OR WARRANTY
  OF ANY KIND. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW YOU AGREE THAT THE
  PGADMIN DEVELOPMENT TEAM MEMBERS, CONTRIBUTERS OR DISTRIBUTORS OF THE
  SOFTWARE CANNOT AND WILL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT OR INDIRECT
  DAMAGE OR LOSSES CAUSED WHOLLY OR IN PART BY THE SOFTWARE.

  IN COUNTRIES WHERE THE ABSENCE OF LIABILITY MAY NOT EXIST OR BE
  RESTRICTED BY LAW, PGADMIN DEVELOPMENT TEAM MEMBERS, CONTRIBUTORS AND
  DISTRIBUTORS LIABILITY SHALL BE LIMITED TO ONE EURO.


texts: Can people distribute trademarked/copyright products if they aren't monetized?

texts:
If I made a bunch of Winnie the Pooh stuffed animals or screen printed a bunch of t-shirts with pictures from Godzilla films or something, would I be infringing on copyrights/trademarks if I distributed them for free (or "sold" them for $0.00) over etsy or ebay.

Furthermore, assuming I would be legally safe to send free non-official merchandise out, would customer's shipping payments count as me "profiting" off of another brand's work, even the payment goes directly to shipping company itself?


texts: Legality of creating a SE replica using SE's content

texts:
Due to the recent controversy(s) regarding StackExchange, a couple other users and I were discussing the legality of creating a copy of SE and scraping the content.

If we did not copy SE's actual code, just the content that users put on the site, and we created another public site that was completely nonprofit, and we attributed all content taken to StackExchange would it be legal? Do we need permission from every single user on SE? Do we need SE's permission?

Some relevant portions of the ToS:

  You agree that any and all content, including without limitation any and all text, graphics, logos, tools, photographs, images, illustrations, software or source code, audio and video, animations, and product feedback (collectively, “Content”) that you provide to the public Network (collectively, “Subscriber Content”), is perpetually and irrevocably licensed to Stack Overflow on a worldwide, royalty-free, non-exclusive basis pursuant to Creative Commons licensing terms (CC-BY-SA), and you grant Stack Overflow the perpetual and irrevocable right and license to access, use, process, copy, distribute, export, display and to commercially exploit such Subscriber Content

  Any other downloading, copying, or storing of any public Network Content (other than Subscriber Content or content made available via the Stack Overflow API) for other than personal, noncommercial use is expressly prohibited without prior written permission from Stack Overflow or from the copyright holder identified in the copyright notice per the Creative Commons License. In the event you download software from the public Network (other than Subscriber Content or content made available by the Stack Overflow API) the software including any files, images incorporated in or generated by the software, the data accompanying the software (collectively, the “Software”) is licensed to you by Stack Overflow or third party licensors for your personal, noncommercial use, and no title to the Software shall transfer to you. Stack Overflow or third party licensors retain full and complete title to the Software and all intellectual property rights therein.


texts: Is the U.S. Code copyrighted by the Government?

texts:
The age of the internet has brought all of human knowledge to our figure tips, this is only possible because of companies finding profitable reasons for storing all of this information for distribution.

Could someone make an app containing the entire U.S. Code(word for word) and distribute the app for a profit? Is the United State Code copyrighted?


texts: In a marriage, can one spouse just run away and declare this a "separation"?

texts:
My friend’s father ran away from his wife after 30 years of marriage. He left her with all of the debts to pay and no income to support.

He then hired a lawyer sending her a wish to negotiate a separation agreement after 2 months of leaving her hanging. As a result, she has fallen very sick because of all of the pressure.

My main question would be what legally constitutes a "separation". Can one spouse just run away and declare this a "separation"? This is occurring in Toronto, Canada.


texts: Lets says someone purchases a domain name such as www.Google.photography. This is not a generic top-level domain (.photography). If say I intend to use this site non-commercially to allow users to share photography and specify that this site is not affiliated in any way with Google Inc, is this legal practice? Could Google demand I remove this and if so would they win this? What if I am not a US citizen? What if after I bought it I offered to sell the domain to Google in case they wanted it before I started any development? Of course, I do not hold anyone accountable for any answers, this is just a hypothetical question.


texts: Legal consequences of complying with a house subpoena?

texts: I keep seeing in the news that, at the president's order, people are ignoring subpoenas from the house of representatives, citing executive privilege. So what legal bite does the president have if someone ignores his directive/order to not cooperate with the house; i.e., what can a president do legally, (Fine, Jail etc.) if he says they cannot testify and they do.


texts:
Is it illegal to download a watermarked image?

I'm talking about those previews you get when browsing non-free stock
images.
Specifically asking about the act of downloading those watermarked previews.
Not making modifications. Not distributing. Not manipulating. Not
circumventing copyright.

Example of watermarked image:
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/diverse-business-people-meeting-partnership-579884275

I'm reading on shutterstock's legal page (their words my emphasis)

You agree not to copy, republish, frame, link to, download, transmit,
modify, adapt, create derivative works based on, rent, lease, loan,
sell, assign, distribute, display, perform, license, sublicense or
reverse engineer the Site or any Shutterstock Content. In addition,
you agree not to use any data mining, robots or similar data and/or
image gathering and extraction methods in connection with the Site or
Shutterstock Content. https://www.shutterstock.com/terms

I'm confused because when you are any preview that has a watermarked image your computer is still downloading it in the web cache somewhere on your hard drive. Technically the computer is downloading it whether you want it to or not.
Clarify in your answer how a computer downloading it in it's cache is any different than right clicking on the image to download if it is indeed illegal to download these preview images.


texts: Are contracts seen as "future" agreements as well?

texts:
Scenario...

A is hired by B to perform a task - Project X. They agree and sign contract which details payment terms, ownership, project scope, dispute resolution, etc. All goes well. Project is completed and payment made.
Three months later B returns and asks A for a separate project - Project Y. Both agree on pricing via email but no contract is signed. Project is completed, payment is made.
Six months later B returns to A for yet a different project - Project Z. Both agree on pricing via email but no contract is actually signed.

A dispute arises over ownership of Project Z.

Are the (more general) terms on the original contract still assumed to be accurate for this third project?

In other words, are there cases where a previously singed contract would be seen as an agreement for future collaborations?

I understand (perhaps incorrectly) that by default, leases tend to have the terms seen as extended if no new lease is signed but occupancy continues, but does this apply to other contracts?


texts: What is the extent of this "invention" clause in this contract?

texts:
OWNERSHIP OF WORK PRODUCT, IDEAS, INVENTIONS, DISCOVERIES AND TRADEMARKS
I shall promptly disclose to (COMPANY) all ideas, inventions or
discoveries, whether or not patentable, which I may conceive or make,
alone or with others, during my employment, whether or not during
working hours, and which directly or indirectly:

relate to matters within the scope of my duties or field of responsibility during my employment by (COMPANY); or
are based on my knowledge of the actual business or the actual or anticipated research and development of (COMPANY); or
are aided by the use of time, materials, facilities or information of (COMPANY).

The following paragraphs can be read here. (pastebin)

Hello. I hope you can provide some advice on my situation.
This is a part of my employment contract. I have omitted the name of the company. My location is NJ.
I work as a cloud engineer. Recently I've been thinking about a particular app/business idea and I've been putting some time and effort into it outside of work (weekends, or in the evenings during the week).
Since I would eventually like to implement this idea as a website / web application and utilize cloud technology in doing so, could this mean my employer owns the idea and anything I develop --since I would use the same technology for my idea that I do at work? Even though it is completely and utterly unrelated to the business model of my employer and I have not used work hours in my implementation of this idea? Would this also mean that any open-source software I develop outside of work automatically belongs to my employer?
What is the extent and limitations of such a clause, which I have agreed to?


texts: Is it possible to name an organization as the executor of my "last will"? I don't have any children. My will is just going to be a formality, since I'm only 41, so I'd rather not spend a ton on legal counsel. According to some things I read online (which I can't necessarily trust), this kind of law is determined by each state, but I'm not sure how to find specific and accurate details about the law in any particular state. At the moment I'm a resident of California, though I'm finishing grad school and may move elsewhere soon. The sole beneficiary of my will is going to be a charitable organization, so it seems prudent to name the organization as executor of the will.


texts:
Recently my college was sued and lost due to false advertisement/fraud.  I have received a check in the mail as part of my payout due to this. I have also noticed many people in the comment sections of this page were mentioning a process in which I could potentially go to the student aid website and request that my student loans be forgiven under the grounds of fraud committed by the school.  Is this just people talking angrily or do I have legit potential to appeal my student loans?

If I have a legit argument, would I be able to get back what I paid into the loans or simply just not have to make another payment?


texts: Are hospitals required to provide language interpreters to patients?

texts: California, USA. The hospital is on COVID lockdown, no visitors allowed. The patient had a stroke, lost her English, but seem to understand her native language; she slowly and barely coherently speaks a few words, but only in her native language. Is the hospital required to provide an interpreter to help communicating with the doctors and the therapists?


texts: What is it about airsoft which makes it illegal in Australia?

texts: Unfortunately airsoft is currently illegal in Australia, but what part of an airsoft gun is actually illegal? Is it the fact that it fires a projectile at high speeds? The fact that they look like real weapons? Both? Neither? Something else? Additionally, what distinguishes airsoft from things like Nerf blasters, which are allowed?


texts: Does U.S. law require reporting of suspected child abuse by unrelated citizens?

texts:
I happened to notice someone commenting that there is a legal requirement to report suspected child abuse for a non-guardian relative of a child suspected of abuse.  I obviously would encourage the individual to report abuse no matter what, but I'm curious about the actual law in this regard.  My understanding was that responsibility for reporting suspected crimes only belong to those who have a "duty to care", in this case the child's guardians and certain professions that are responsible for working with children.

The statement I'm wondering about was:

  Child abuse law in Texas and Florida, where our organization was incorporated, requires any person to report suspected child abuse. This is also specifically true about child abuse in at least 16 other states in the US. And I followed a case in Pennsylvania where, even without such explicit laws, two men were prosecuted for concealment of a crime for failing to report child abuse, even though they did not fall into a mandatory reporter category. They ended up getting slaps on the wrists, but convicted nonetheless

Can anyone tell me if states do require anyone to report abuse?  If so I'm curious how that relates to my previous understanding of responsibility to report crimes.  Does that mean in general whether or not an individual must report a crime is entirely dependent on whether a specific state passes a law about a specific crime being mandatory to report?

In short I'm less interested in child abuse specifically, as I am on what it means about responsibility to report crime in general.


texts: Intentional covid transmission - attempted murder?

texts:
This was mentioned in comments under Criminal transmission of COVID-19? Knowingly exposing vulnerable individuals however, my question involves UK law and a more direct, intentional act that could not be confused with negligence or accident.
It is a specific circumstance, known to have already happened - one example I managed to find from The Guardian. There was a more recent case but I have failed to track it down.
If someone spits &/or coughs at you intentionally, knowing they are infected, is this attempted murder?
Of course, the chances of you actually dying are quite small, but they are not zero.
To take a rather over-dramatic parallel - if I were to load a revolver with a single bullet, spin the cylinder, aim it at your head and pull the trigger, would that be attempted murder? The odds are considerably shorter, but the outcome is the same - you live or die by that single act.


texts: Can a doctor make you pay for something you didn't explicitly agree to pay for?

texts:
Note: this is a real example, but I don't care nearly enough to fight it; I ask purely out of curiosity.

I was at the dentist and I had a few cavities filled in. My understanding from what was explained to me is that 2 of them were filled with white, and 2 with silver; insurance covers 80% of silver, but 0% of white. The dentist never mentioned that there were options, and never mentioned that the options cost different amounts of money.

For that matter, I never explicitly agreed to pay for anything. What makes a medical fee enforceable?

Edit: I could understand situations where the patient is incapable of communicating/deciding, but nevertheless needs urgent treatment, and how in a situation like that the patient would get the treatment and subsequently be responsible for paying.


texts:
Many years ago I recall hearing (can't exactly remember where/when, but I believe it had to do with a then still very young Brooke Shields) that "Child Pornography" laws applied, even if the actor/actress was actually over 18, but the character was NOT. Such that a 19 year old girl playing the part of a 17 year old would violate "Child Pornography" laws if they 'acted out' behaviors that would otherwise violate the law. Am I (potentially, for sure) misremembering, misunderstanding or have the laws changed?

I ask this after reading an article regarding the new Netflix show ‘Chilling Adventures of Sabrina’ Which also brings up the possiblity that because it is 'streaming', the law doesn't not apply in this case (then why?).


texts: Does the U.S. Supreme Court have jurisdiction over the constitutionality of an impeachment?

texts:
A question arose on Politics SE asking why the constitutionality to continue an impeachment trial (whose prime purpose is, presumably, to remove an official from office) after the official has left office has not been decided.
There was a disagreement in the comments: While it is almost universally agreed that there is no judicial review of how the trial was conducted, including its result (because it's the Senate's supreme privilege), the case was not so clear with a review of whether the impeachment was constitutional to begin with.
Could the Supreme Court declare an entire impeachment process unconstitutional?


texts: Do I have authority to display images according to Terms of Use?

texts:
In my Android app submitting for approval I am using OMDBApi.com and showing movie posters were retrieving from their Api. According to Terms of Use do I have the authority to display content?

How can I provide to Google I do not violate any intellectual property?

google says:

I had to reject it because of an unauthorized use of copyrighted content.

Remove any content owned by a third party from your app. For exmaple; your app's store listing contains official images of Thor in the Phone Screenshots and Feature Graphics
Read through the Unauthorized Use of Copyrighted Content article for more details and examples.
Make sure your app is compliant with the Impersonation and Intellectual Property policy and all other policies listed in the Developer Program Policies. Remember that additional enforcement could occur if there are further policy issues with your apps.
Sign in to your Developer Console and submit your app.

This is how cover photo how app look like.


texts:
In my school/sixth form the uniform policy states that girls are not allowed to wear trousers and boys are not allowed to wear skirts. Despite multiple attempts to come to a civil solution to this situation we, the student council, have failed to get this amended so that it does not discriminate.
Surely in this day and age such discrimination cannot be legal in the UK?
Do we have any legal grounds under which we can formally challenge the school about this blatantly sexist policy?


texts: Where can i find a list of what is considered a serious bodily injury?

texts: What is actually considered a serious bodily injury in assault cases? Examples of words I am looking  for are shoulder  dislocation, bone fractures (what kind/how many), etc. Where is the list?


texts: Is it still consider Fraud if it is GIVEN for free?

texts: The definition of Fraud is " Wongful or criminal deception intended to result in financial or personal gain." So, let's say I made, I don't know, 3d printed an almost copy of a Nintindo Switch, that looks almost identical. Let's say I gave it to someone saying that this was indeed a real Nintindo Switch. Would that be illegal? Or would there be different situations where it wouldn't be? (Also I'm mainly asking about in United States, but would like yo know about other countries laws)


texts: Is it legal to deliberately misrepresent the US. legal system for your own benefit?

texts:
Someone linked me to an interesting video this evening.  The creator of it has made a number of false, or at minimum deliberately very misleading, claims about the legal system, with apparently an intent to convince people who believe him to have sex with him.  He doesn't claim to be a lawyer of any type.

The video is long, but as an overview it, correctly, claims that any child born in the USA or with a USA citizen as a father is a US citizen.  It then falsely claims this theoretical child will get free schooling and college scholarship without having to pay taxes and that the child's (non-citizen) parents will get a green card when the child turns 21, which is not really accurate, as the child can't benefit from free schooling without someone paying taxes, a green card is not guaranteed at 21, and the part about college scholarships seems completely false.

This all leads to the argument that foreign women should get pregnant by having sex with the poster of the video so that they can have a child who is a US citizen and reap all these wonderful benefits the US citizen child will supposedly gain.

Some very lenient reading of the claims could almost say that the claims are all technically true, though I believe in context it is clearly deliberately misleading for self gain.  However, it leaves me with two questions.

First, in general, if we assume he had made an intentionally false statement about the the legal code for something like this would it be legal?  I'm pretty sure it would be fraud if he gained financially, but does convincing someone to have sex with you from a misrepresentation of the law actually violate any law?

Second, would any statements made specifically in this situation be considered false/fraudulent from a legal standard?  That is assuming that there were cause to file a complaint against him would he be able to claim that every statement taken in isolation have some slight bit of truth to them and so are not fraudulent?  If he hadn't made the claim about college scholarships, which seems blatantly false to me, would he be able to claim that technically a child would get free schooling without the parent having to pay taxes if the parent abandoned the child in the US to be adopted, or is that still too far of a legal stretch to ever be accepted?


texts:
Its often a joke that politicians say "I don't recall doing X" when being accused of something.

In English saying I don't recall implies that you could be mistaken.  But literally speaking, at any point anything you say could be incorrect because you're human and memory is imperfect.

In the US, is specifically prefacing a statement with "To the best of my recollection ..." or "I don't recall..." offer any kind of benefit in terms of committing to the statement?


texts: Fired for refusing overtime? (Canadian Engineer)

texts:
So I'm in a bit of a tricky situation right now, and would like some advice. Here is the relevant background information:

I am a salaried employee (engineer in training) based in Ontario, Canada. Engineers (and those in line to become an engineer) legally are not entitled to overtime pay.
In my contract the "hours of work" are outlined as Monday-Friday 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week.
In the same contract (which I have signed) there is a termination clause stating that "breach of employee policies may result in termination".
In the company policies, the "hours of work" has been amended to include "from time to time employees may be required to work for more than 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week as the work of  demands.
I have never signed this policy and therefore have never, in writing, agreed to work overtime without compensation.

Sparing you the details; I am currently looking for a new job - but most of my freetime hours are necessary for this process.

I am now being asked to work overtime hours in the following week - but I don't think I can in good conscience do so (I need the extra time). At the very least I believe I would work the overtime if I was getting paid for it. I do remember seeing somewhere that an employee cannot be forced to work overtime if they have not verbally or in writing, agreed to work the overtime..

However, I do not believe at this point that they will compensate me for the overtime. If I refuse to work these overtime hours, am I able to be terminated because of the clause stated in #4?


texts: When and how must one "lay a foundation" to introduce evidence?

texts: Two lawyers in an administrative hearing suggested that I would have to "lay a foundation" in order to introduce an email as evidence.  Is this a general rule of evidence?  If so, could someone explain when it applies, and what in particular is necessary to satisfy the rule?


texts:
Please Read this: The MIT License – Clarity on Using Code on Stack Overflow and Stack Exchange

All the content in Stack Overflow and other Stack Exchange (even this question) is under Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 with attribution required, so you might find this questions interesting:

When is attribution required?

The article Attribution Required from Jeff Atwood explains how you need to give attribution, however when you read it, looks like is talking when you republish a content from Stack Overflow or other Stack Exchange in a website or blog in any public manner, but what if I'm using code from an answer or question in my own code that is intended to be sold? How attribution should be done? Is needed? Also what if I'm just using small pieces of code that I learned or copied and paste it from an answer or question and I adapt it to my own code? Is attribution needed?

If you had read the license, it says that is ShareAlike this means that "If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original." In some way you might think that if you use small pieces of code from an answer or question now your work needs to be licensed under Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 too, but when I read the ShareAlike Interpretation I saw this:

  The ShareAlike condition applies only for works considered adaptations under copyright law, not simply in collections with other works (also referred to as mere aggregations).

So it means that even if you use small pieces of code from answer or questions, your entire work doesn't need to be licensed under Creative Commons BY-SA, too, at least it be an adaptation from it not just small pieces of code, am I right?


texts: Can I share scammers personal details online? What type of details can I share?

texts:
I live in the UK, and I constantly see scams on Facebook such as:

"£300pm house. I live abroad, so you will need to send me the money, and I will send you the keys in the post," or
"Free iPad for the first 100 workers,"

and many more.

What does the law say regarding sharing the personal information of scammers? What type of details can I publicly share?

I would like to share the following information:

the full name of the scammer;
the age of the scammer;
the location of the scammer;
the email account used for the scam; and
photos used for the scam.


texts: Common Law Trademark vs Registered Trademark

texts:
Consider the following statement:

  Registration gives you [Person A] the right to use your trademark nationwide.
  That right is limited if someone else [Person B] was using the same mark in a
  particular geographic area before you applied for registration. In
  that case, the person who was using the mark first has priority over
  your registration, but only in the geographic area in which he sells
  his goods or services.

Does this mean I can establish a de facto trademark by using the "TM" symbol without bothering to register it?

In other other words, let's say I use the trade name Dizzy DuckTM for a few years before someone else comes along and officially registers the same trade name, "Dizzy Duck."

Am I correct in understanding that they won't be allowed to register "Dizzy Duck," because I'm already using it (a la TM)?

Part of the confusion (for me) lies in the question of how anyone is supposed to know that I'm using a trade name if it isn't officially registered. The name Dizzy Duck shouldn't be in the USPTO's register of trade names, if it isn't officially registered.

Also, if Dizzy Duck is stamped on merchandise sold via Amazon and through mail order via my website, then it wouldn't just be a "local" name. Shouldn't it be protected nationwide (and worldwide)?


texts: Looking for any case that connects an assault and the signing of arbitration agreements, possible duress

texts:
Heading off the obvious response; I have already tried multiple search engines. There is so much "noise" from unrelated cases that I can't find what I'm looking for with a simple web search. I'm looking for a case from a U.S. federal appeals court. The case was appealed because the lower court had applied regular contract law and the business was trying to ignore duress in light of a then-new S.C.o.t.U.S. ruling that had to do with how courts would weigh concerns related to enforceability of contracts when those contracts had to do with arbitration. The federal appeals court (I don't remember which circuit) chose to say an assault did create duress, even for an arbitration contract. This case was not later picked up by the U.S. Supreme Court for review.

Here's a way to word this: "Does committing an assault against someone earlier the same day mean they're under duress for contract purposes?"

I've been reading legal blogs and listening to law-related podcasts for a while and I remember a case I now want to go back and look up. I am having trouble finding the actual citation and any documents about the ruling. The case related to an invalidated arbitration agreement. The person suing their employer had been the victim of a physical assault. The employer forced the employee to sign an arbitration agreement right after the assault, and the court ruled that was an invalid contract because the assault allegation showed they were under duress. I'm aware that the current S.C.o.t.U.S. view is that arbitration has weird ideas attached. Ideally I would like the actual case citation that states an assault invalidates arbitration, presumably because of duress expectations in contract law.


texts: What happens to unsecured debts which were secured in a Ch 13 bankruptcy when dropped?

texts:
In some cases in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy, a secured debt can be partially converted to unsecured. For instance an automobile which was not purchased recently can be 'crammed down'

For instance a car which a debtor owes 20 thousand dollars but, at the time of filing only has a fair market value of 10 thousand dollars can have the bankruptcy judge declare that 10 thousand is part of the secured debt and the remaining 10 thousand is part of the unsecured debt.

Assume the debtor, through the course of the bankruptcy payments via the trustee, completes paying off all of the secured debts. The debtor then allows the bankruptcy to be dropped by not paying the trustee any more such that the court grants the termination of it.

I assume that the original creditor can then make the claim to the debtor that the remaining 10 thousand dollars is owed, plus back interest (possibly in an amount that exceeded the allowed interest in the bankruptcy) before allowing the owner to have a clear title? I would also assume that the note could be accelerated by the creditor such that all amounts are due and payable immediately and if not paid, would subject the debtor to having the auto repossessed?

Is that true, or does the ruling by the bankruptcy court that the automobile is only secured by a 10 thousand dollar interest still stand even though the bankruptcy is no longer in effect?

I realize that BK is filed in Federal bankruptcy court but does any Texas law apply or are there nuances applied differently by any federal bankruptcy court region?


texts: When was homosexuality as the reason for institutionalization outlawed in the US?

texts:
In the United States, I'm guessing that one can no longer commit a person to a mental hospital (AKA insane asylum) with the only reason for commitment being: "said person is gay".

Homosexuality is no longer consider to be a mental illness; it was defined as a mental illness in the past. When was this legal change (the one in the title of this webpage) made?


texts: Making profit of copyrighted material - when exactly does it become illegal

texts:
As I understand copyright is something that is inherent in creative work, as in, if you painted a picture you automatically "own" the copyright to it   without having to do anything extra.

Say I have a bunch of pictures that I know are painted by someone else. I want to make copies of them and sell them without telling the painter. Let's also say that the person who owns the pictures doesn't care about how they are used and whether someone's profiting from them, and hence doesn't do anything about it.

Is the act of making profit still automatically illegal in this case, or does it become illegal when the copyright owner tries to sue me? In other words, can I get arrested for the fact itself without anyone making an explicit claim? Can someone else make a complaint ("I know a guy who really painted that pictures!") that could get me arrested?

For context, there is an exhibition of Banksy works in Moscow, which apparently was organised without Banksy's consent. Trying to understand the law behind such exhibitions.

Thanks.


texts: Is it possible to get an out of state "failure to appear" for a felony case dismissed,if you are homeless?

texts: I just need a little more time to make enough money to travel, I can't get a job with a pending felony and don't have family to just give me money, I literally am scrapping to make it out there even if I have to drive alone with my child who is under 2 years as I have no one to watch her (I'm sure she'll end up in foster care). I am not purposely avoiding court, I have been dealing with this for two years and just this once I was unable to make it. Is the judiciary system really this cold hearted? Please help I have no one to turn to and could be facing jail time over circumstances I cant control.


texts: Digital ownership in a peer-to-peer network

texts:
Let's say that I share a file* on peer-to-peer network (such as BitTorrent).

When other people download my file, do they own the digital copy on their machine? Or is the file considered as being released under an implied public copyright license? **
And can the terms of use of the peer-to-peer network specify the ownership/licensing status of the files shared on such network? If I attach a copyright notice to the file*, can the terms of use of the peer-to-peer network over-rule my copyright notice?

.

* Assume this file is 100% a product of my work or it is in the public domain, like Shakespeare or international treaties

** My understanding is that, as far as my question goes, the law is pretty much the same in most countries in the world, but please do correct me if I'm wrong


texts: How long can a musical quote be and what counts as such?

texts:
Recently I've found out that copyright owners are claiming profits of YouTube videos where allegedly their content is used. Specifically, this video was claimed to be a copyright infringement.

I'm aware of other questions related to copyright and YouTube policies, however my question is very specific. In the claimed video YouTuber plays on acoustic guitar for 25 seconds without even singing what for me looks like a quotation.

Is there anything in US copyright law regulating how long and in which exact form (exact record or performance etc.) a musical quote can be, if such concept is a thing at all? While this video is on a commercial channel it's quite evident that guy did it for educational purposes.


texts: Retraction right in France vs. Creative Commons

texts:
Creative Commons (CC) licenses are known to be irrevocable. The documentation even contains a paragraph named "What if I change my mind about using a CC license ?".

Recently, I have encountered that in French Intellectual Property (IP) law, allows a "droit de retrait" (retraction/removal right in English) which is definitely incompatible with CC license.

Which one primes on the other? I would probably say that French Law is more powerful and would void the contract, but a second opinion is very welcomed (especially with more information).


texts: What can I legally do with abandoned cars I found on property I recently bought?

texts:
They were not seen while inspecting the property prior to sale, because it's a large property and mostly the same throughout. We looked at aerial photography, but it appears they were left there after the latest photography was done, which means sometime after 2009, which means they were parked there while the previous owner owned the land. He doesn't know why they are there, or who left them. I want to say they are clearly abandoned, because they are in bad shape and the grass has grown up around them, but I'm not confident enough. They look like they could maybe be restored to working order (not that it'd be worth it though), and they still have license plates. They are locked, so I wasn't able to check for a registration or other info.

I would like to simply call a scrap yard to have them removed. The previous owner says he thinks I should keep the money the scrapyard offers, he considers them to have been bought with the land (AKA he just wants the issue to go away, and hopes I don't try to make it his problem).

What are my legal obligations here? Am I required to report their finding? To whom? If I have no legal obligations does that mean they are now mine to scrap?


texts: There is a transcription of a song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfcS-w808dM that I put in a video. Youtube obviously noted me that it is copyrighted and told me that it might put ads in my video. Can transcriptions actually have a copyright as they are not original compositions? If not, would I still need to get permission from the original author?


texts: Where on Pacer.gov should I look for affidavits authored by a certain expert?

texts: I've heard that it is possible to search pacer.gov to find all affidavits authored by a specific expert.  But I cannot find that function on the? I did not find anything on this in this training manual: https://www.pacer.gov/documents/pacermanual.pdf


texts: Service Company Charging for Replacement of Asset After Not Collecting Asset Upon Request

texts:
Our company had enlisted the services of a waste management company during construction. We had used their garbage bin, in Feb 2020, and requested them to pick it up as it was full on Feb 17th. They could not pick up as the load needed to be repacked, so they had left it. They said they would coordinate a pickup for Feb 18th, and no one showed up. They had since said on multiple occasions that they would coordinate pickup, and nothing was done. Fast forward to August, they sent an email saying their bin is missing. We assume the bin was picked up sometime early June, as the location had been operating for a few weeks at that point, and the bin was still in place.
This company is charging our company for their missing unit, stating we are responsible while it is in our possession. We had requested multiple times for pickup, and they had not done so. At which point is their unit no longer our responsibility? Or was it ever? As far as we are concerned, we made the effort to be on site to ensure they were able to coordinate pickup on multiple occasions, and the company failed to follow through.
As they have already charged the replacement cost to the CC on file without authorization, we are considering this replacement charge to be theft on the part of the waste management company and we are building our case to send to authorities.
Does anyone have any advice they can chime in with, one way or the other? Is the waste service not responsible for their unit once we had requested them to pick it up?
Much appreciated.


texts: My phone number used to belong to someone in debt, now I'm getting harassed by debt collectors

texts:
A few weeks ago, I moved to a new city, and got a new phone number. The process of finding all my accounts everywhere and changing my number in each was long and complicated, and it's not something I want to do again.

Since then, I've been getting calls from debt collectors trying to collect from, say, John Smith. I'm not John Smith, and I've told them repeatedly I'm not John Smith, even calling them up to tell them so. It makes no difference, they keep calling, probably thinking I'm just trying to get rid of them.

Is it legal for debt collectors to harass people who aren't their debtees, thinking they're debtees?


texts: California Exempt Employment Minimum Pay not being met

texts:
I am currently working full time as an exempt employee in California for a company of over 25 people.
I have read that due to the California minimum wage increase to $14, I am supposed to be paid a minimum of $58,240 (https://www.worklawyers.com/exempt-employee-salary-california/). I am currently not being paid this much as of January 1, 2021.
Am I owed an increase in salary? If so, am I also owed back pay for the days worked in 2021 so far?


texts: Microsoft Support broke my Surface Pro 3

texts:
I sent my Surface Pro 3 for an under warranty exchange due to a battery issue.
But Microsoft received it smashed and returned it to me and voided the warranty.
I am now with a not working device and Microsoft doesn't want to repair it telling me that I didn't packed it well (protected corners with thick napkins and 4 layers of bubble paper and a plastic letter).

I am living in the UK and would like to know if that would work to bring the case to the small claim court or this is already lost?

PS: They told me they have pictures of the received parcel but they can't show me them.

Cheers


texts: Can one sibling buy out the others on inherited property?

texts:
My sister, who is the personal representative of my dad's estate, wants to buy the inherited house from my brother and I. The market where the property is located is red hot, but she wants to buy us out for a reduced price.
After speaking with a realtor and an appraiser, I am confident that we could get $20,000 more if we put it on the market. The lawyers want to settle and suggested we take the offer.
Is there any way that my brother and I can force my sister to put the house on the market and not accept her offer?


texts: GDPR and deleting users from wiki changelogs

texts:
According to the GDPR §17, users have a right to request the deletion of personal data. I am wondering how this applies to wikis.

In my case, when users edit a page, that edit is associated with their username by writing it to a changelog of that page.

Users can delete their account which will remove their profile data but it will not remove the name from the changelog.

Is the their username alone, without any attached profile (like their email address or real Name) still considered personal data that has to be deleted?


texts:
This section of bylaws for a Homeowners association reads:

What is a contraction fund?  Specifically what does contraction imply?


texts: Can I be held responsible for objects abandoned by other tenants?

texts:
I live in the Netherlands (Amsterdam to be specific), in an apartment building with two communal spaces (a bike cellar and a currently unused room).
In the bike cellar there are many broken and abandoned old bikes, and because of this there isn't enough space anymore. In the unused room, many tenants dumped broken furniture. Tenants only live in the building for a few years, so the original owners may very well have moved out.
Today all tenants (I assume) received an email from the real estate company managing (but not owning) the building:

Dear Tenants,
(...)
We therefore send you this email to inform you that the [unused room] needs to be cleaned out by you, and also that all old/broken bicycles need to be removed [from the bike cellar, presumably].
(...)
If this is not arranged by the tenants within 3 weeks, we will arrange a company to throw everything away and the costs for this will be charged to all tenants in the building.

I object to this; I didn't abandon any bikes or furniture in these spaces (or anywhere else for that matter), so obviously I don't want to clear out the stuff other tenants left and neither do I want to pay for it.
As far as I can tell, the only law or clause in my lease that could make me responsible for removing abandoned objects is the law requiring tenants to carry out "kleine herstellingen" (small restorations). It's also specified in my lease (but I don't see why, as it is a law already). These "kleine herstellingen" entail carrying out all cleaning and maintenance that is easy and cheap (really, these are the criteria the government gives) of the rented space, and also of shared spaces. However, all tenants pay an extra fee on top of our rent for a cleaning service. It seems to me, we thereby fulfil our requirement to keep communal spaces clean. On the website the Dutch government about these "small restorations", it is specifically mentioned that this is a common arrangement.
TL;DR
There are some points on which I have doubts:

It seems to me that, although abandoning furniture in communal spaces is prohibited by my lease (and rightly so), the regulations concerning "kleine herstellingen", which entail "cleaning and maintenance", do not cover throwing out abandoned furniture. Is this correct?
If the requirement to carry out "kleine herstellingen" does cover this, to what extent is this responsibility shared between tenants, i.e. am I obligated to remove the objects dumped by other tenants?
Is there another law or provision which obligates me to remove objects abandoned by other tenants?

I would also very much appreciate advice on how to proceed. I imagine I should reply to the  email from the company managing the property threatening to charge all tenants if the abandoned objects aren't removed, but I am not sure what exactly to write.


texts: Why is it legal to give away for free a physical copy of copyrighted material that you bought, but not a digital copy?

texts:
After posting this question, another one, more obvious came to mind.

If the "first sale doctrine" is a widespread law, and allows someone to give their whole collection of VHS or DVDs or vinyls for free, then why is this rule not applying when it comes to a digital copy?

If the first sale doctrine rule applied, then someone who legally purchased thousands of albums and movies digitally should be able to give these files for free to whoever they want.


texts: Percentage of Restaurant Tables Appropriate for Wheelchairs

texts: A local restaurant remodeled and now they have mostly high tables with stools and booths. They only have a few tables appropriate for someone in a wheelchair. If a restaurant has plenty of tables available, but none are suitable for a person in a wheelchair, are they ADA compliant?


texts: Is it legal to use a quote or endorsement from a similar product

texts:
I stumbled across a video game description https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/store/p/gears-of-war-ultimate-edition-for-windows-10/9nblggh3shm5 where they quoted "The Verge" with the following:

  ...the best way to play Gears of War yet.” – The Verge

Their review is here: http://www.theverge.com/2015/8/24/9197081/gears-of-war-ultimate-edition-review-xbox-one where they reviewed the XBox One version of the game.

Is it legal to use such an endorsement for a product given that they aren't actually the same product? Given that cross-platform games will perform differently and sometimes even have different graphical enhancements, DLC, framerates, resolutions, etc. It seems misleading to me.

Just to clarify: I'm not singling out Microsoft here intentionally, I just happened to only see one quote in the Microsoft Store and it seemed odd. I believe many other companies do this when posting the review scores of a game, but they don't clarify that the scores are reflective of a score on another platform; which I believe does matter.


texts: GDPR compliance for software that lets users store PII of other people

texts:
Most times you see GDPR it relates to the first party storing data about their users, customers, whatever. I'm a developer for some hosted software (SaaS if you will) that allows —as a very tangential feature— users to store a personal address book of their contacts.

Is that legal now?
Do we have to consent every third party contact before they're added into the address book of one of our users?
More worryingly, do we have to respond to personal data requests from contacts? For example, would we have to reveal who had added them to their address book?

We are within the EU, operating solely within the EU for now.


texts: Does a private citizen in the US have the right to make a "Contact the Police" poster?

texts:
Imagine the following hypothetical situation. Assume the location is in the United States.
Mary had a credit card stolen by a suspect. The suspect used the credit card at a store. The manager of the store, Adam, saved video surveillance of the suspect making a high-dollar purchase using Mary's credit card. Adam also saved photos of the suspect entering the suspect's vehicle and driving away. Adam shared the photos with Mary.
The police department assigned a detective to the case. After many unsuccessful attempts to talk with the detective, Mary has decided to stop calling the detective herself. Mary doesn't anticipate that the police will obtain the surveillance, pursue the case, or identify the suspect.
What are Mary's rights in this situation?
If Adam, as the store manager, were to allow Mary to hang a poster outside of his store, would Mary have the right to hang a poster with photos of the suspect? The paper poster would have the photos of the suspect, the police department phone number, and ask if anyone has seen the suspect.
Can only the police make that kind of a poster? What are Mary's rights here? What legal doctrines are applicable, such as free speech, etc.?


texts: Is it illegal for police officers to delete video evidence of an arrest?

texts:
With how common smartphones are these days, many people film encounters with police officers as evidence in case things go wrong. In stories that make the news, occasionally police dashcam videos show police officers erasing cellphone or dashcam videos captured by citizens, or in some cases destroying the devices themselves.

Is it illegal specifically for police officers to delete or destroy video evidence of their own encounters, captured by citizens?

Note: Because I'm sure this varies greatly from state to state, I'm asking in particular about New York and California, and the United States as a whole in case any federal law applies


texts: GDPR outside the web: no need to provide a privacy policy?

texts:
Consider a freelancer like a web developer, or a consultant, or a lawyer, etc. Their jobs involve, one way or another, handling some personal data: contents of databases, authentication data, private information of any kind, etc. Therefore, I believe such professionals always need to have a privacy policy written somewhere and comply with the GDPR. But do they also need to show it to their clients, and have their clients sign it? I guess not, unless consent is required. However I'm not completely sure.
So what I'm asking basically is, if a professional or a worker in general handles personal data reasonably in the "expected" way (that is, they won't sell it, don't use it for marketing purposes, etc.), is such professional required to show the privacy policy to the clients, even if the clients don't ask for it? If consent is not required, then there's no need to sign or accept anything, so I would expect this privacy policy to just be an "informative" document, rather than something required by law. In any case a signature would not be required I guess.
In a similar situation on the web, a website would have a link to the privacy policy somewhere in the footer (not very noticeable), and no banners, no notices, or checkboxes of any kind. I'm basically looking for the equivalent "in real life".


texts: Licensing self-written software and trademark to the company which I own

texts:
I wrote software (as a hobby) a while ago and also registered a trademark for it. I thought about trying to commercialize the software, and realized that in order to limit my risks it makes sense to found a Ltd (actually the Swiss version which is a GmbH). There are no other people involved in my GmbH (no co-owners, no-co-founders, no employees, no investors).
Can I own the software and trademark privately, and license both to my GmbH? I would do this exclusively and for a symbolic amount of money. The GmbH would sell the software under the trademark, and I would get the money as dividends. The point is to keep the GmbH just as lean and simple as possible, not e.g. about any tax reduction schemes.
I am considering an exclusive free license agreement based on some standard template. I would sign as Licensor (me as private person) and also as Licensee (me as representative/CEO of my GmbH).
What does the law say about such a setup? Can the same person sign both sides of a contract?


texts: What is the legal background for confiscating cell phones of detained asylum seekers?

texts:
On the US southern border, some of the arriving people are detained currently. It is irrelevant here why and how that happens.

Cell phones are confiscated when a person found to be an illegal immigrant is detained on the border. In this case, there is some indication that the person has done, or is expected to do something illegal.

He/she is in investigative custody/pre-trial confinement. And it is normal the person may not be allowed to have a cellphone or any other communication device.
(The prison system in Germany is quite different, so let me know if it's wrong)

As far as I know, an asylum seeker is detained in a similar way.
But it is legal to seek asylum.

In this case, all the above does not apply.

So what is the legal base to confiscate personal property at the time of detention? (In this example a cellphone)?

The practical effect of it seems to be that some asylum seekers are detained in conditions that are possibly unacceptable, but can not document the conditions because they do not have access to their smartphone.


texts: How non-public could a disclosure/publication be, and still count as such for patent "prior art" and copyright purposes?

texts:
The essence of both patent and copyright is that a creator/inventor gets legal protection and exclusivity within broad limits, in exchange for some form of publication/public disclosure. Similarly a patent is invalid if prior art exists, but only if the prior art meets certain criteria.

Clearly, putting ones book on amazon or ones own website, suffices for copyright, and putting the design on ones website suffices for prior art, to prevent someone else patenting the same implementation of an idea. Equally, if not published (the creator keeps it secret, doesn't show or tell others), then copyright doesn't begin or run.

But what counts as publication/disclosure for these purposes? Suppose a creator doesn't want to publicise something (a work or implementation), but wants to gain the protection allowed by law. What could they do to minimise actual public knowledge in detail, without being considered to have not actually published?

Examples to give an idea (not limited to these, just off the top of my head): suppose they publish the implementation details in a very obscure language, or on a website that is public but has no links from elsewhere on the web, or is briefly published then removed (and was not indexed on web searches while publicised), or only one copy is sold, and that sold via an outlet that means it's unlikely to really be read, or just 100 copies are sold, but all burned on purchase, or...?

I appreciate the answer will be different for copyright and patent, I'm interested in both really, as the question seems applicable to both.


texts: Legal basis for distancing from internet services

texts:
Our private team of gamers has a small gaming community. In order to increase our reach of people and to let our community grow, we do provide some users with free Minecraft servers, as well as hosting space for files on our servers.

As trusting people in the internet is a difficult topic, we want to be sure that if we do provide them with our services (Minecraft server, file hosting for server files and ressources, community forums), we are not responsible for the contents that the service user hosts on our servers.

It's not that we don't constantly check what's going on on our servers but we want to be on the lawful side and make sure we cannot be sued for helping others host their Minecraft servers and files on our servers.

Is it valid to let every upcoming server administrator that we donate some "hardware" sign a document that states that he is solely responsible for his server as well as he has to comply German laws and the Minecraft EULA?

This document will also include that it is prohibited to host illegal files (files one has no rights for, adult material, hate-motivated etc.).

We will still continue constantly monitoring what is going on and log every action on our sites.

Our servers are located in Germany so if I am not wrong, German right apply.

Is there any basis we can build such a document on, is such a document even allowed, what is such a document called (disclaimer?)?


texts:
I'm a software developer interested in knowing the legal aspects of Internet and technology. I came across the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885 which says

  "telegraph" means any appliance, instrument, material or apparatus
  used or capable of use for transmission or reception of signs,
  signals, writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by
  wire, visual or other electro-magnetic emissions, Radio waves or
  Hertzian waves, galvanic, electric or magnetic means."

The Act later says:

  Telegraph officer or other official making away with or altering, or
  unlawfully intercepting or disclosing, messages, or divulging purport
  of signals If any telegraph officer, or any person, not being a
  telegraph officer but having official duties connected with any office
  which is used as a telegraph office.

  willfully, secrets, makes away with or alters any message which he has received for transmission or delivery, or
  willfully, and otherwise than in obedience to an order of the Central Government or of a State Government, or of an officer
  specially authorized [by the Central or a State Government] to make
  the order, omits to transmit, or intercepts or detains, any message or
  any part thereof, or otherwise than in pursuance of his official duty
  or in obedience to the direction of a competent Court, discloses the
  contents or any part the contents of any message, to any person not
  entitled to receive the same, or
  divulges the purport of any telegraphic signal to any person not entitled to become acquainted with the same,

  he shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to
  three years, or with fine, or with both.

I want to know:

Does email communication and personal messaging services come under the purview of the Telegraph Act?
If 1 is yes, then it is legal for Google and Facebook to read my emails and personal messages?


texts: Does tracing an aerial photo infringe copyright?

texts: The maps on Google and Bing are mostly, if not all, copyrighted images. Suppose I use the "Earth" view and zoom in on a building. If I were to draw an outline of that building (with the help of the map), would the drawing I made be infringing on the copyright of the map?


texts: Personal vs Corporate Liability: A Simple Example

texts:
Imagine a person, Mr. X, who says something really bad about another person. Let's say he falsely accuses him of robbing a bank and abandoning his children.

In fact, he says it twice. He says it once while being interviewed by a TV station. He says it again in a book he wrote and sells through his company, Bad Books, Inc.

Is the following statement correct?:

Mr. X can be personally sued for libel over his statement on TV. But since he has incorporated, he can't be personally sued for what he says in his book. However, his company can be sued for the second statement.


texts: Can someone be liable if they make someone so angry they die?

texts:
Alice and Bob are having an argument on the internet about the Charlie and the Chocolate Factory adaptations- specifically which had better oompah loompahs. While Alice prefers the later ones from the Johnny Depp film, Bob very strongly likes the orange ones.
The argument becomes extremely heated and a cutting remark from Alice enrages Bob. Unbeknownst to Alice, Bob had a severe heart condition and the rage sends him into cardiac arrest. He dies minutes later.
When Mrs. Bob discovers him, she sees the full transcript of the debate. (i.e. for this hypothetical, all relevant facts are known and provable).
Could Alice face criminal charges and/or be found liable in a civil case?
Juristiction is the US, but they're in different states.


texts: How do we claim the estate of someone who died under a different name in a different country?

texts:
The father of my wife (from Germany) died in London 10 years ago, with a different name, but with the same family name (for example was born in Germany with the name Johannes Doe, and in London died with the name Michael Doe. The problem he had a different identity, and this one used in London was fake, because he has alot of problems and he tried to escape).

He had different bank accounts in London, but when my wife asked some people there, they said since the name is different, she doesn't have any right to this money.

Is there any way to resolve this problem(to prove that my wife is the daughter of this person dead in London)?


texts:
(I am in New Zealand, but am interested in answers following British style law..

When entering into New Zealand (as with most countries), passengers are required to fill out an arrival card.  At the bottom of this arrival card it states "I declare the information I have given is true, correct, and complete".   The document also states "This arrival card is a legal document - false declarations can lead to penalties...".

A person is cited for "being required to make a declaration in relation to goods specified in that declaration, erroneously declared..." - where the only document in question was an arrival card.  There was also a brief discussion with an MPI agent.

The act allegedly contravened is the Biosecurity Act 1993  - however this act does not define the word declaration, or use it this context.

There is another act - the Oaths and Declarations Act 1957, which does, in section 8-10 define "Manner of making declarations".    If the arrival card meets neither the oath/affirmation requirementnor form or wording of the Oaths and Declarations Act - which seems to be the case here, legally speaking, [can and how/by what interpretation] be charged for making a false declaration such that it will hold up in court?

Relatedly, and maybe not clearly implied in the above question - (1) Can a declaration be verbal?  (2) Relating to (minor) criminal charges ala parking tickets, does a declaration have to be in the form/is it covered by the Oaths and Declarations Act?


texts:
Let's say I have 10 natural vacational days available and I'm going on vacation next week (Monday-Sunday).
I always work from Monday to Friday; how many vacational days will I have left? Do weekends count as vacational days?


texts: Mom paid for a will, what does the payment cover?

texts:
Around 2001 or 2002 my mother went to the law firm where my deceased father had been a partner and drafted her will.   I'm not positive, but I suspect this was done after George W. Bush rewrote the tax code for wills and so it was considerably below owing any inheritance tax.  Her will, as she explained to me, explains how the estate will be divided among her 3 children (not the grandchildren, just 3 equal divisions).   Granted, at the time, the Bush tax cuts were due to expire in 10 years so it wasn't guaranteed, but it was likely to avoid any inheritance tax.

She told me that as a result of being married to a partner, she had free legal care if she ever needed it.  That's probably a firm by firm decision and not universal, but even so, the law firm charged her $5,000 when she did her will with them.

I called the law firm recently because my Mom is getting older, just to see if I needed any advice, questions about this and that, and the lawyer I spoke to briefly told me that our estate is too small, and he'd recommend a smaller law firm to handle the estate when the time comes and that all my questions would be solved by a letter from the court when the time comes.

My question is, since the law firm is recommending that I use a smaller firm to "save money" - meaning, I would pay them, what did my mother pay the $5000 for in 2001/2002?   And since they aren't going to manage the will, can I get that money back?   Are they trying to get out of something they promised to do and were paid to do?   Should I remind them that this was paid for long ago?

I realize manage the will might not be the right term.  Oversee?   I've never done this before, it's all new to me.

Simple answers light on legal terms would be appreciated.    Thanks.


texts: Jurisdiction in Canada (cybercrime) - where can I file the lawsuit

texts:
I'm looking for some information regarding jurisdiction in cybercrime cases in Canada (just educational purposes)

Assuming someone gained unauthorized access to my personal accounts (such as online-banking, in Toronto).

Where could I file the lawsuit? I only could find some basic information like
"where the harm is done". Does this apply to Toronto, Ontario or Canada in general?


texts: Is there a special process to render personal belongings for company use?

texts:
First of all, I am interested in both European and U.S. jurisdictions. I understand this is very broad but I would just like to get a good idea about whether there might be any underlying procedure that has to be followed.

So, is there any special procedure in place if a company owner wishes to use their personal belongings for the purposes of the company? Take, as a simple example, a personal computer, or a printer, or even a chair (as in "does it matter what the material is?"). Is there a specific legal procedure to "convert" an item for company use or is it just a matter of practicality?


texts: Is spousal immunity affected if one spouse dies?

texts:
Disclaimer: I'm a writer trying to figure something out for a story I'm working on, so forgive me if I sound totally insane.

Okay. Spousal privilege/immunity. Protects someone from having to testify against their spouse. What if, for one reason or another, the spouse being prosecuted dies before or during the trial? Could the other spouse then be compelled to testify against them, or would the immunity still stand? Further, would anything change if the spouse who died committed suicide, as opposed to an accident or some sort?

I've tried to do a little research (for example, this site) but am unsure if the information applies to the situation I'm dealing with. For example, that link mentions widows not being able to claim immunity because their 'marriage ended in death.' In my case, the death would have happened just a day (or maybe even mere hours) before the trial. I suppose a more specific question would be: how would such a short-notice death affect the surviving spouse's immunity?


texts: Can the US Congress subpoena witnesses for any arbitrary reason?

texts:
This question was prompted by the headline on October 15, 2020 that the Senate Judiciary Committee will vote on whether to subpoena the CEO of Twitter for suppressing certain political content. This led me to wonder whether or not social media companies in the US can legally curate user content however they want. This has been asked on the site, and the answer seems to be that they can (with the possible exception of state law in California).
So if Twitter has not violated any federal laws, it led me to wonder if it is constitutional for the CEO to be subpoenaed by congress? Can congress compel any person or company to appear before them for any reason? Or do they need to state some probable cause that laws have been broken in order to do so? If he wanted to challenge the subpoena, would this CEO have a valid argument (ignoring political considerations)?


texts:
In 2010, I was arrested and charged with felony evading arrest/detention with a motor vehicle. This is a state jail felony in Texas. The charge was later reduced from a state jail felony to a Class A misdemeanor. I was convicted and served 90 days in county jail with no probation afterwards.

I am worried that even though I don't have a felony on my record, having a Class A misdemeanor could potentially make finding a job more difficult. I took an online quiz that said I was eligible for "background check removal." Is this the same thing as having it expunged? And if not, is it possible to have this conviction expunged from my record?


texts:
The company L was offering me a lower salary than my previous job. I negotiated and was ready to turn it down if they can't make the salary enough to make a true lateral move. Finally, after 3 rounds of negotiation, they gave me a number just enough for me to make a true lateral move and I accepted the offer.

Before I accepted a job offer, I asked the HR how much 401K matching is and was told that it is six percent, period. After my first day, I found out that the matching is only "20% of the first 6%". That equals 1.2%. I blamed HR for providing misleading info and asked if they can keep their words or raise my salary to match the loss. My boss said he couldn't and accused me of "not happy with what the company offer" and terminate my employment after 1 week of hire with a 2-week notice.

FYI: Although my previous job has a lower salary, the bonus, the 6% 401K matching, and benefits are much better. Before accepting the offer, I calculated all salary and benefits to compensate for what I lost if I accept the offer, and came up with a number, which the company agreed to offer me by going over their budget.

I guess the company found me too expensive and rather keep the other person (they hired one guy and me in the same position) which could be cheaper. Now I have to file unemployment insurance (UI) which provides just 1/5 of my salary. My family cannot survive with the UI benefit.

Can I sue the company for providing misleading info and terminate the employment even when I didn't do anything wrong? If I knew the 401K matching earlier, I would either put it into the calculation to compensate for the loss of benefits or turn down the offer. The offer letter didn't say anything about at-will, just FYI.

I'm in Georgia, US.


texts: Does copyright cover the use of artwork in a video?

texts:
If I appear in a video wearing a shirt with a copyrighted image on it, is that a violation?

What about if the artwork is being used as an illustration? For example, if I'm doing a video tutorial on painting, and use a painting someone else has done to illustrate a point, or as example of a particular method.


texts: How do I get my car repaired when there was no formal contract?

texts:
A month ago we towed our car to a mechanic. Where we agreed that the engine needed replacing and it would take 4 days. All communication was done over the phone nothing in writing (yes this is wrong I know now). I did record some conversations but without him knowing ( I only started doing this when I realised that it doesn't look like it's getting repaired any time soon).

The first week he said he was looking for the engine and when he had got it it was the wrong one despite taking an image of the code on the engine to ensure he gets the same one - I haven't even seen this engine that he claims to have bought when I asked where it is, he said this is my address and go and see it, it's in my van. Then once he said he got the engine we went and saw the car hadn't been touched since we towed it to him. 14 days gone. Then he removed the ruined engine and since then I have been visiting him once or twice a week and each time a new story pops up, just give me two days or give me till sunday etc. And this continued for another two weeks (today).

4 days has become 1 month and the car has been left two weeks with no engine in, it's being stored outside with the windows down where it has started raining despite me telling him to close the windows where he specifically said he would and he hasn't (more lies). And since they are electric and then engine (incl battery) is removed obviously he can't close the windows.

I'm starting to believe he isn't going to fix the car at all. Too many lies and I need to take legal action.

Since there is no contract I tried emailing and explaining the agreement (in a very polite way in order just to get him to reply so that I have a contract - i.e I said we agreed 4 days, and money X, now it's been one month when do you expect to fix the car please give me a date). He didn't reply.

I have visited him once a week (minimum) since him taking the car.

What are my options?

He isn't really a registered mechanic either, he used to be VAT registered etc but not anymore.


texts: Which jurisdictions have made it illegal for people to travel to other jurisdictions for abortion?

texts:
It is well-known that some people who wish to obtain an abortion that is prohibited in the jurisdiction where they live will travel to another jurisdiction where said abortion would be legal. Last year, the US state of Georgia tried to criminalize such travel for abortion.

In which jurisdictions is this currently illegal? (Assume that the person is an adult and they are travelling of their own free will.)
In which jurisdictions was it illegal at some point in the past? When were such laws repealed?


texts: If Internet Businesses need City Business Licenses

texts:
Say you have registered a cloud technology business with the state you live in to obtain your Business Entity Number, and you have also obtained your EIN tax number. It seems that the next step is to obtain a Business License in the city you are living in. But I can't tell if that's actually necessary, since the cloud is inherently everywhere. For example:

  If you are planning on starting a business located in the City of Foo or conducting business within the City's limits, you must first complete a business license application.

This makes sense if you have a storefront or building where customers come within the city. But I am not sure about if you have an internet business. Since internet businesses are potentially mobile, the idea of "doing business" is unclear. The actual doing of business, where a transaction occurs (i.e. a customer buys something) likely occurs in the cloud, in some remote Amazon server perhaps. You might do some administrative work at a coffee shop here or there, etc. So I'm wondering if you need to obtain a city business tax license at all, or if so, in which cities the license must be obtained. I don't imagine you would need a license in every city you would sell to, as that would be a lot of work. At the same time, you could be a traveling entrepreneur living in a motor home traveling all across the states. Wondering if in that case, too, you would need to register in each city.

But for the more simple case, of just working from coffee shops or coworking spaces within a single city (or within a few nearby cities), wondering what the consensus is on if you need to obtain a city business tax license, or what exactly you need to obtain other than the state entity ID.

For clarification, let's say the business does one or all of the following:

Sells physical goods online.
Sells cloud goods (like data storage space, or compute power).
Has a subscription service for digital products in the cloud.
Does research.

Business A does 1, 2, and 3. Business B does only 2 and 3. Business C does only 4. That is, it doesn't sell any products, just does internal research.

In all cases, there won't be any customers visiting any place physically.


texts: HR is suddenly changing their opinion. Can this be considered an act of discrimination?

texts:
I had an email conversation with a HR considering an upcoming job interview that I was supposed to be scheduled for. In my last email I mentioned that I have a neurological condition that requires adjustments during the interview, and that I already had interview with a different branch of their company about 6 months and a week ago. They answered that they won't interview me this time, because they have a policy to not re-try candidates in less than 6 months. However, 6 months and a week is definitely not less than 6 months.
Can this change in their decision be considered an act of discrimination?


texts:
I am writing a science paper for school and I am including the name of a product. Do I need to include the registration symbol after the name of the product?

"The monitor that was used in this experiment was the Garmin Vivoactive (®?)."


texts: What is the functional effect of overturning precedent?

texts:
Background

On occasion, the Supreme Court overturns precedents in part or in whole.  This means that a previous ruling (or part of a ruling) from the supreme court that once had stare decesis no longer does, and no longer has the force of law.  It is as if that part of the law no longer exists.

Question

I was curious about the big picture long term ramifiactions of overturning precedent. Once precedent is overturned, what happens to the other laws that cite the overturned portion, or overturned case? And does this effect cascade, i.e. do cases that cite cases that cite a case overturned in whole or in part also get overturned?


texts: Can building inspection obtain warrant to inspect suspected non-permited construction?

texts:
Most of illegal construction fines I have heard of were under circumstances when the work performed was visible from the outside in plain sight.  Of course, many renovations that are purely interior also need permits, such as electrical or plumbing work, or anything involving structural support.

If a remodeler chooses not to obtain proper building permits (for reasons of the bureaucratic burden etc) and (s)he never manifests signs of construction visible on the outside of the building, can municipal building inspectors obtain a court (or other form of legal) warrant to enter the property and find evidence of illegal construction for the purposes of issuing fines or injunction to cease all work?

Also, upon sale of the property, what legal channels exist whereby the illegal builder can be audited by the building inspection? I think home inspection is done by private inspectors and not municipal agents.

This is in the U.S.  I understand building codes vary across the country but I'm also thinking that warrants for inspection are somehow related to the 4th Amendment.


texts: A question regarding becoming European and German patent attorney

texts:
I'm thinking about becoming an European and German patent attorney. I'm right now studying electronics, but consider myself closer to informatics, and software development.
As far as I have researched, one needs 12 month of work experience in a/the technical field.
My question now is if informatics/software development are officially considered to be an technical field topic, or should I necessarily consider working another 12 month in the electronics field?


texts: What does Google Scholar lack which your typical law firm does not in terms of case data?

texts: I hope this isn't a subjective question.  I want to know what Google Scholar lacks compared to paid services that lawyers use so I know what I am missing before I go and try to have an argument with a lawyer.


texts: Is it recommended/mandatory that i include the ™/© symbols?

texts:
In my current scenario i'm required to fill a drop-down with software options so the user can select the options he's familiar with. This list includes names like "AutoDesk AutoCAD" and "Adobe Photoshop".

My question comes from observation on some big companies sites:

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/p/surface-pro-6/8zcnc665slq5 ( References Intel© and Core™ ).
https://www.asus.com/us/site/call-of-duty/ ( References Call of Duty® ).

However this behavior is not always consistent, in some cases, the brands are referenced in the footer:

Since the site will be publicly visible and is from a real company, is it required for any brand references have their included legal symbol or/and footer/contract notes about the use of the brand names?


texts: Legality of the shooting of a gorilla at the Cincinnati Zoo

texts: A  video has been all over the internet today. It shows a gorilla at the Cincinnati Zoo in contact with  a 4 year old child who had fallen into the enclosure. The gorilla was shot and killed. The gorilla in question was considered "critically endangered" but the Endangered Species Act does not apply if the death of the animal in question was a result of self-defense. That being said, the gorilla was treating the boy in approximately the same way it would one of its own children and it was unlikely that the boy would have been seriously injured. Given that and the fact that there were probably several other ways for the child to have been rescued which would not have involved the death of the gorilla, is there a legal basis for charges to be brought up against the responsible party or could they reasonably argue that it fell under defense?


texts: Can a defendent travel overseas if served with a claim/summons to UK civil court?

texts:
If i have am served a claim form by the claimant, can I travel overseas?

Also, if I am overseas and receive the claim form whilst overseas, can I ignore it if I am not a citizen of the country which the claimant is from?


texts: Quoting the Good News Translation (GNT) of the Bible in Books (Commercial Usage) - Allowed or Infringes Copyright?

texts:
Can the Good News Translation (GNT) of the Bible (copyrighted by American Bible Society) be quoted for commercial usage as part of a book's (ebook, paperback & audiobook versions) or if that would infringe upon their copyright?

https://www.bibles.com/services/licensing-information/ (last bullet below) suggests it can't be used for any commercial usage

  Summary of Fair Use Policy (All conditions must apply):

  · No more than 500 verses in total may be reproduced without
  permission

  · Scripture/Verses may not make up more than 25% of the new work

  · Verses quoted do not amount to 50% of a complete book of the Bible

  · All Scripture must be properly cited with the appropriate copyright
  notice (see below)

  · The book or product must be available for non-commercial use.

https://www.americanbible.org/about/legal/copyrights - bullet #1 seems to suggest it can be used if used within the limit specified there & bullet 2 (which includes verbiage for commercial usage) only applies if it exceeds the bullet 1's limits:

  Policy for use of the Good News Translation (GNT)

  General Statement: The GNT text may be quoted in any form (written,
  visual, electronic or audio) up to and inclusive of five hundred (500)
  verses without written permission, providing the verses quoted do not
  amount to 50% of a complete book of the Bible nor do the verses
  account for twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total text of the
  work in which they are quoted. This permission is contingent upon an
  appropriate copyright acknowledgment – (see below).

  Use of the GNT beyond above limits requires written permission.

  Commercial Use: Commercial use means use in any product offered for
  sale, lease, rental or barter on any level. Rights and permissions
  requests for the GNT in media intended for commercial use should be
  addressed to The American Bible Society, 101 North Independence Mall
  East FL8 Philadelphia PA 19106-2112, USA . Request shall contain the
  following information:

  (1) exact portions to be quoted,

  (2) the medium in which those portions will be quoted,

  (3) estimated percentage of the total text of the work made up of the
  GNT text,

  (4) any additional material to be included in the work, such as
  additional text, illustrations, photos, etc.,

  (5) the purpose, number of copies or reproductions, and distribution
  of the use in which the GNT is quoted, and

  (6) the sale or lease price of the work, or other income to be
  received.

  For commercial use outside of North America, please send your requests
  as detailed above to the American Bible Society. If the GNT is used as
  the lyrics for a song, you must obtain permission prior to production
  of the same.


texts: How can I free a service provider from estimate liability via disclaimer?

texts: I want to ask for a quote, but I don't want the service provider to be legally bound to the estimate. What should I disclaim in my quote request?


texts: So… is prostitution in Canada legal or not?

texts:
I'm confused, is prostitution in Canada legal or not?

I've been looking, but have up till now only gotten mixed messages when it comes to it's legality; just a jumble of legislative actions, court rulings, and public statements all wrapped in a confusing multi-year timeline and many vague/assuming articles in the press.

So... is it? And what are the nuances of it?


texts: Legality of re-branding a product and re-selling

texts:
Located in Australia.

Say I want to be the #1 peanut butter producer.

Being a common person, with a common wage I cannot create or start my own production facility.

I find a peanut butter in store which has the fundamentals of what I need (viscosity, salt levels, other nutritional values) The brand is 'PB-X.

If I buy a crate of PB-X and then apply my own modification - Say add in almonds.

Are you now legally allowed to rebrand this product as your own?


texts: When is a subtenant entitled to have their security deposit returned?

texts:
Halfway through last year, I subleased my apartment unit and moved to a new location. I received a security deposit equal to the monthly rate paid by my subtenant. My rental company has informed me that their security deposit return policy - as per New York State law - is to return the deposit (minus applicable cleaning or maintenance fees) within 30 days of the end of the lease.

My question is: am I, the sublessor, bound by the same legal statute, even though I am not the property's owner or active manager?

In other words: is it be legal to wait until I have received my security deposit from the landlord before I return my subtenant's deposit, assuming it all occurs within the 30 day period?


texts: Is there a website where you can search court cases by keywords?

texts: By this I mean a site where you type certain keywords and it narrows down does a query of all court cases that have those keywords.


texts: Can a juvenile be charged with theft by receiving if the property wasn't stolen?

texts:
A young adult entered a home where he used to rent a room in order to retrieve a piece of workout equipment.  The home owner would not let him have the equipment until he paid past rent money so he entered the home when nobody was home.  I might also note that he was forced to move out without being properly evicted.  This young man was charged with theft and burglary and even though he has evidence that the equipment belonged to him, has since plead guilty.

A 13 year old juvenile, who remained in the car the entire time while this young man entered the house, has been charged with trespass and theft by receiving.  How in the world can this 13 year old be charged under these circumstances?  Can the prosecution possibly have a case?


texts: Why are SEC lawyers kept in the dark about surveillance and wiretaps?

texts:
I understand that, unlike United States Department of Justice lawyers, Securities and Exchange Commission lawyers are not allowed the benefit of surveillance evidence or wiretaps gathered by agencies on the same suspects during investigations.

Is this the case? If so, what is the legal reason that this is the case and what policy does this serve?


texts: Can a victim of crime sue a city that abolished their police department?

texts: Say that a city abolishes their police department based on accusations of systematic racism within their police ranks. The following day a person living in that city calls 911 to report that their home is being burglarized but no police show up at their home until several hours later.  Can this person sue the city for not providing in a timely manner the services needed to protect themselves and/or their property?


texts: Could Software be a Derivative Work of RPG?

texts: I've been developing an app to augment a Tabletop RPG (mainly for dice pool and roll and damage calculation according to the game's rules). Is the app considered to be a derivative work of the game (the rulebook in particular)?


texts: Would a spouse of a medical marijuana patient be allowed to own guns?

texts: As mentioned in prescribed marijuana prevents gun ownership, If you are a legal medical marijuana patient. You are not allowed to own or buy guns. But what if it is a person's spouse that is the marijuana patient. Would the non patient partner be able to legally own firearms?


texts: Does filing a complaint with the NY Board of Regents do any good?

texts:
Recently, the student government of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute decided to file a complaint with the New York Board of Regents over the behavior of its administration.  In an editorial in the school paper, they lay out a case against the Board of Trustees in considerable detail.  Briefly summarizing:

President Shirley Ann Jackson appointed a new Director of the Union without consulting the (student-elected) Executive Board of the Union.
The (student-elected) Grand Marshal and President of the Union were also deliberately excluded from the hiring process.
The Board of Trustees allocated Union funds and office space for this new director without consulting the E-board.
The administration had previously removed athletics funding from the Union budget, unilaterally and without student involvement.
The Union is purportedly student-run, and has a constitution which prohibits all of the above actions.
Various administrators made false or misleading statements to the student body.  The editorial gives numerous specific examples.

They also write:

  We are appalled by this most blatant violation of student rights and the Rensselaer Union Constitution to date, and we censure this further attack on what once was a model for student-run unions across the country. Because of the level of severity at which the administration has violated the Union Constitution and, therefore, the Act of Incorporation passed by the New York State Legislature, we will be filing a formal complaint with the Board of Regents of the New York State Education Department regarding these incidents.

(Emphasis added.)

I have not been able to find a copy of the complaint itself, but I assume it would reiterate most of the material described above.  It could possibly also cite some earlier unpleasantness involving faculty government, and/or several instances of the administration interfering with students who tried to lawfully protest it (most recently this one).

(It's also rather impressive that RPI managed to annoy both AAUP and FIRE in such a short period of time.)

What are the likely outcomes of this complaint?  Will the Regents do anything, or is this going to get stuck in a drawer and forgotten?


texts: As a non-US person, what license may I have to use public materials from agencies of US government?

texts:
I want to reuse a gif published in this website of this US government agency. I don't see any copyright statement anywhere, except a link to Freedom of Information Act. In my vague understanding of this, it doesn't seem to say anything about having license of reusing public material on my purpose, but just about requesting to access such material.
So, if I'm a non-US person and wanting to reusing a material from a agency of US government, what license may I have?


texts: Does copyright law protect a translation of an ancient work from being translated into a third language?

texts:
Jurisdiction: California, USA.
If a book was written in Greek two thousand years ago, and someone translated it into English more recently (say, yesterday), and then someone else wants to translate that English translation into French, would that be a violation of copyright law?
This resource suggests to me that it may be: https://www.translatorsbase.com/articles/42.aspx
However I haven't found really clear legal information about such re-translation.