texts:
I have everything set up normally. My only issue is that my data directory is in C:\Users\User Name\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin.

Normaly this is what you would want, but, if you noticed, my username has a space in it (obviously I changed it for privacy) so when I try to designate my data directory in the miner program it says the directory does not exist because the space in my username causes the directory link to break ( C:\Users\User ) instead of the full link...

Is there a way I can change where Bitcoin-Qt stores its data by default?

And no, a re-directory won't work, because it can't find the location in the first place.


texts:
Hello I have the following code that generates a Public Key, Private Key and BTC Address.

import hashlib
import ecdsa
from base58 import b58encode_check, b58decode_check
import os

def pubkey_to_address(pubkey: bytes) -> str:
    if 'ripemd160' not in hashlib.algorithms_available:
        raise RuntimeError('missing ripemd160 hash algorithm')

    sha = hashlib.sha256(pubkey).digest()
    ripe = hashlib.new('ripemd160', sha).digest()
    return b58encode_check(b'\x00' + ripe)

def generate_new_keys() -> list:
    signing_key = ecdsa.SigningKey.generate(curve=ecdsa.SECP256k1)
    verifying_key = signing_key.get_verifying_key()
    my_address = pubkey_to_address(verifying_key.to_string())

    return signing_key.to_string(), verifying_key, my_address

So when I use this function (generate_new_keys) I will get all the important keys.

Now I'd like to get my Extended Public Key to generate more subaddresses. Any idea where to start?

I've tried this library but It seems unsafe for BTC: https://github.com/ranaroussi/pywallet


texts: how do miners verify transaction without identifying sender and receiver?

texts:
I mean in satoshi paper we read sender and receiver have limited anonymity.

  By keeping public keys anonymous. The public can see that someone is sending an amount to someone else, but without information linking the transaction to anyone.

By keeping public keys anonymous how miners can verify that sender has enough money ?


texts: Bitcoin address to Hash160 for brainflayer

texts:
I took a script to translate the bitcoin address to hash160:
http://lenschulwitz.com/b58/base58perl.txt
replaced the lines for working with the list from the file:

#Sample test taken from https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Technical_background_of_version_1_Bitcoin_addresses.
my $base58_encoded_address = "16UwLL9Risc3QfPqBUvKofHmBQ7wMtjvM";
print "\nRunning tests for bitcoin address $base58_encoded_address\n";
print "Bitcoin address is valid.  Address type: '", check_bitcoin_address($base58_encoded_address), "'.\n";
my $binary_address = decodebase58tohex($base58_encoded_address);
print "Binary hexadecimal representation is: $binary_address\n";
my $reencoded_base58 = encodebase58fromhex($binary_address);
print "Re-encoded back to Base58 is: $reencoded_base58\n\n";

to:

my $fileSrc = 'base58.txt';
open my $fhSrc, $fileSrc or die "Could not open $fileSrc: $!";

my $fileDest = 'hex.txt';
open(my $fhDest, '>>', $fileDest) or die "Could not open file $fileDest: $!";

while( my $base58_encoded_address = <$fhSrc>)  {
  my $binary_address = decodebase58tohex($base58_encoded_address);
  say $fhDest $binary_address, 2, 40;
}

close $fhSrc;
close $fhDest;

But this script stops and does not work with bech32 addresses, tell me what needs to be added so that it works with bech32. Or maybe someone has a similar script for converting addresses for the brainflayer?


texts: Are there any academic papers on the link between energy markets and Bitcoin mining?

texts:
I am keen to see if there have been any academic papers that have studied the link between bitcoin miners and energy markets, in-particular, if there is a so called 'no-arbitrage' requirement, or a hedging strategy for miners, that exists.
Suppose there is a miner, Bob, who's mining equipment produces a fixed hashrate and is not a part of any mining pool. The decision, whether Bob should mine or not, depends on the following variables (some are random):

The spot price of electricity (Random)
The spot price of Bitcoin (Random)
The network difficulty (Random)
The network hashrate (Random)
Block reward (Deterministic)
Equipment depreciation (Deterministic)
Transaction fees (Random)

Bob wishes to ensure that in expectation, mining yields a profit. Of course this depends on these aforementioned variables. Bob also wishes to ensure that if mining isn't profitable with the spot prices, perhaps there is a way he could still mine, by using energy market or cryptocurrency derivatives to hedge against this.
Or, if it would not be profitable to mine, he could lease his computation as cloud services for a fixed, deterministic rate per given time period, to ensure his machinery isn't idle. Conversely, he could choose to mine an entirely different cryptocurrency that would yield a profit, of course, in expectation.
My immediate, non-academic "hunch" tells me that there is a link here, or a way to ensure that miners have more certainty when mining, using derivative products to hedge themselves against sudden drops in the price of Bitcoin, or sudden increases in the cost of electricity. And the dynamics would be interesting to study.
I was wondering if there have been any academic papers published, which might deviate from what I have mentioned above, but include some relevant concepts. I have seen other answers on this site that have explored similar questions, seen here. As well as an academic paper on the sustainability of bitcoin mining, seen here.


texts: If the economy was based on bitcoin, how would someone go about getting a loan?

texts: In today's society, people often take out loans from banks. In an economy that was run on bitcoins, how would someone go about getting a loan? I do not understand how this would work with Bitcoin's deflationary model. It seems a loan would be creating a short on bitcoins which could be very harmful with the value of bitcoins increasing.


texts: How does a full-node index watch-only addresses?

texts:
I can import watch-only addresses into my full-node's wallet. I can start querying their utxos from that point onward.

Where are watch-only addresses stored and how does my node keep index of their balances / utxos?
If I want to backup and boot a new instance of my node will it retain the indexes associated with my watched addresses?
Is there a limit to how many addresses I can watch, will many make querying inefficient?


texts: Who in their right mind would waste their Bitcoin on taxes or buying random stuff?

texts:
First of all, I very much get the "argument" that Bitcoin has to be used as a currency for it to function long-term and it's a good thing if it is, etc. Not arguing against that.
But when I keep hearing about this company and that government/state/town "accepting" Bitcoin for payments of random stuff or taxes, I can't help but wonder to myself: Who in their right mind would be wasting their hard-earned Bitcoins like that? Why would they not pay taxes/stuff with fiat and hold on to their BTC?
Of course, excluding the remote possibility that they are all doing it "for the greater good", which sounds extremely unlikely.
The only explanation I can possibly think of is that maybe they expect it to go up in value, so if they buy some Bitcoin now, even if at a premium, and then wait for some time, and then use it to pay for taxes/stuff later, they would still waste less money even including the capital gains taxes that they have to pay to pay for the taxes... in fiat... because they used their Bitcoin to pay for... taxes... ugh... my head starts spinning just trying to make sense of that.


texts: At what point does the criminal get caught?

texts:
Settle an argument for me.
Assume a criminal does the following:

1: goes thru trash to find a cancelled check
2: using a wifi hotspot like McDonald's and "Hide my ass" buys bitcoins with stolen bank info
3: sells bitcoins and transfers money to his personal account.

Which step does he get caught?

My friends says he gets away with it, I say he gets caught when he sells them. Who's right?


texts: I mistakely Deposit my BTC to my Yobit.net BCC Address, How can i Get it Back

texts:
Help me,
I am not able to Contact Yobit for help, Can anyone give me there email
I By Mistake sent my BTC to my BCC Address of Yobit, Can I get it recovered
I heard That BTC and BCC have same Structure Thus BTC and BCC have same address and Private key, Thus I Think Yobit has BCC address and Private Key thus They also Can Get my BTC Using That, I need help

I am new to It, I need to get my BTC, Hope Someone Hears me and Reply with Help and Help me resolving it with Yobit...

Thanks for help


texts: Unable to limit tcp bandwidth using tc in QoS for localhost

texts:
I am trying to connect few bitcoind instance running on different ports on my local machine and control the bandwidth between those connections. I used the tc utility as following:

#network interface on which to limit traffic
IF="lo"
#limit of the network interface in question
LINKCEIL="1gbit"
#limit outbound Bitcoin protocol traffic to this rate
LIMIT="80bps"

#delete existing rules
tc qdisc del dev ${IF} root

#add root class
tc qdisc add dev ${IF} root handle 1: htb default 10

#add parent class
tc class add dev ${IF} parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate ${LINKCEIL} ceil ${LINKCEIL}

#add our two classes. one unlimited, another limited
tc class add dev ${IF} parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate ${LINKCEIL} ceil ${LINKCEIL} prio 0
tc class add dev ${IF} parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate ${LIMIT} ceil ${LIMIT} prio 1

#add handles to our classes so packets marked with <x> go into the class with "... handle <x> fw ..."
tc filter add dev ${IF} parent 1: protocol ip prio 1 handle 1 fw classid 1:10
tc filter add dev ${IF} parent 1: protocol ip prio 2 handle 2 fw classid 1:11

#   --set-mark marks packages matching these criteria with the number "2"
#   these packages are filtered by the tc filter with "handle 2"
#   this filter sends the packages into the 1:11 class, and this class is limited to ${LIMIT}

for ((i = 1; i <= 10; i++))
do
    iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport $((18440 + $i)) -j MARK --set-mark 0x2
    iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m tcp --sport $((18440 + $i)) -j MARK --set-mark 0x2
done

I have modified the script from the original version: https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/contrib/qos/tc.sh

As show in the picture below, the connection for port 18444 is reporting a rate of 128 B/s which is way more than the set LIMIT of 80bps(80 Bytes/second).

Please point me in the right direction, if I am missing out something. I am using tcptrack to monitor the port connections.


texts: How do you invert an ECDSA multiplication to get the generator?

texts:
Pieter Wuille said:

  [...](people often assume that no inverse for EC multiplication exists, which is true, but only to solve for k in k*P = Q; solving for P is possible).

When you multiply a scalar value by an EC point, you get an EC point. According to the above comment, it is possible to take the output point and derive the input point. How is this done? Does it require knowing k?

Note that I'm specifically not asking about extracting the scalar value (k) from the output point.

Also note that this wouldn't be useful to breaking Bitcoin signature algorithm - the generator that private keys are multiplied by is publicly known.


texts: a few questions about how HD wallet works

texts:
I've read through HD wallet from various resources and have got the basic understanding about it, but am still confused by a few details

1) Each non-hardened public keys (thus addresses) can receive certain amount of Bitcoins. How's my total UTXO calculated? Is is simply the sum of all UTXO or there's some other mechanism automatically pool all these UTXO into somewhere

2) Kinda depending on the answer of 1), how does it work to send Bitcoin to some else in the case of HD wallet? If all public addresses have their own UTXO, then the wallet has to choose a number of UTXO as inputs for each new transactions. Is it how it works?

3) Do we use master private key to sign every transaction?

Thank you for your help


texts: Why does calling BlockExplorer's checkaddress JSON API do nothing?

texts:
I need some help with using JSON and the bitcoin / blockexplorer json calls. I'm not even sure if this is going to work. Basically I'm trying to validate a bitcoin wallet address. I want it to check against the blockexplorer to see if it's a "valid" address or not.

Here's what I've done so far:

function checkAddress(){
  var address = $('#wallet').val();
  $.getJSON('http://blockexplorer.com/q/checkaddress/'+address+'?format=json',{"format":"json"},function(data){
    alert('xxx == '+data);
  });
}

But it doesn't seem to be doing anything at all.. Is it even possible for me to use the blockexplorer with JSON to get the results? I'm incredibly new to bitcoin and I'm not entirely sure what I'm doing.


texts: I transferred about 0.54 BTC and I cannot find this on Blockchain.com. Can anyone help?

texts:
I'm hoping someone more onto it can help me find or understand exactly what happened when I xferred my BTC from an exchange (Dasset) to my wallet.

I transferred about 0.54 BTC to bc1ql8wxn65d7crka2gr4f3gcgnynv23hvqg6akxef

When I searched for transactions under this address nothing appears on Blockchain.com.
I know I have transferred to this wallet before but I can't even see those transactions.

Thanks in advance.


texts: How to add blockchain.info API key to pibitcointools

texts:
I have a query-intensive app I'm building that keeps timing out with the message:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 72, in <module>
    array = bitcoin.multiaccess (bitcoin.unspent(address), 'value')
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/bitcoin/bci.py", line 136, in unspent
    return f(*args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/bitcoin/bci.py", line 54, in bci_unspent
    raise Exception(e)
Exception: Quota Exceeded (Req Count Limit)

I assume I'm making too many calls to the server. So I requested and received an API key from blockchain.info, but I have no idea how to add it to either the  pybitcointools library (maybe it should go in bci.py, maybe somewhere else?) or my test.py program, to get it to use my API key instead of connecting normally to blockchain.info.

Any help you can give would be tremendously appreciated.


texts: Publicly destroying bitcoins by setting high transaction fees

texts:
I’ve been thinking about a system that allows you to publicly destroy bitcoins to let people build networks with some protection against Sybil attacks other than the difficulty of getting IPv4 addresses. As an alternative to destroying the coins, I’ve been thinking of giving all but one satoshi to the node that includes the transaction into a block. I mean, as long as you don’t control more than 10% of the network, it won’t really change how much it costs you to “destroy” coins.

Here’s the problem: Suppose a node creates one of these transactions, but doesn’t broadcast it. Instead, they wait until they manage to include it into a block, then broadcast the block. Even if they only control 0.1% of hashing power, they can find the block in about a week.

I can’t think of a good solution to this. Can you?


texts: Anyone successfully mining bitcoins in Testnet3?

texts:
I've been chugging away on multiple machines for days, and while I get a lot of 'unconfirmed' and 'orphaned' and 'immature' blocks, nothing lands in my wallet.

Anyone else having this problem?  From the blockexplorer site, I can see blocks being mined as recent as today - I wonder if some are mine, and they're somehow sent to /dev/null?

If anyone can point me towards a real solution here, I can repay you with some counterfiet BTC.  :D


texts: How do I get money on and off of harborly?

texts: I signed up for a harborly account but I'm still not quite sure how it works. I would like to buy some bitcoins, but how do I get money onto the site?


texts: Number of wallets permitted on a bitcoind

texts: If I am running an online wallet system how many wallets or users can bitcoind handle? I read somewhere the performance of bitcoind starts deteriorating as the number of wallets increase.


texts: Measuring levels of spammer participation on the Bitcoin network

texts:
Is there any reliable way of estimating the number of spammer controlled miners?  I was thinking about the common wisdom that BitCoin should have been implemented with a hashing mechanism that is resistant to distributed processing (i.e. scrypt) and I have my doubts.

The first thing I thought when I saw a headline about BitCoin I rolled my eyes, it looked like a spammer's dream come true.  But the recent protocol breakage and the (successful) coordinated effort to fix it, some I saw some comments attributing it to the concentration of miners.  I also know a pooled miner that griped about an obvious hacker that he banned form his pool because the clients were doing way too much network traffic for too little work.

So, I am looking for a way to track this.  The IP's stored in the Blockchain are of the first IP's that saw the coin and the payouts would go to a centralized wallet.

Any thoughts?


texts: Why are pre-softfork blocks are not causing problems for post-softfork clients?

texts:
i read the answer to this question and got some new one.

As far as i understand how a soft fork works, it means that post-softfork clients with new consensus rules accept only blocks that follow those new consensus rules, while older, pre-softfork clients accept both, pre- and post-softfork blocks. If a old client mines a block, that gets rejected by the newer clients, therefore causing a temporary blockchain fork that is resolved eventually after at least 51% of all clients are upgraded, because the clients then switch to the blockchain fork of the newer clients.

My questions are:

Don't this bear the risk of invalidating all transactions still made by the old clients, but that where rejected by the newer ones? If i made a transaction that gets mined by an old client by the time the old clients still have 51% of the hashing power, but it then switches to the chain of the new ones that previously rejected this block, it disappears from the chain altogether, doesn't it?
Since the blockchain don't change, a lot of old blocks that were following old consensus rules are still in there. When i'm starting a new, post-fork client and download the whole blockchain, how isn't this causing problems for the client when it tries to validate the whole blockchain with all the old blocks in it? Isn't it checking for old blocks following new rules?

Thanks for any help.


texts: Is there a way to retrieve a list of all the addresses that have had activities from a extended public key?

texts: Another way to put it. I want to get a list of all the addresses that have been used and are derived from the same extended public key. Is this doable? Thx.


texts:
I want to setup a pool-server and a client image that gets work from that server.

I have access for an hour a day to about 40 computers that I can tftp boot, so once I learn how to make, configure, run, and connect to the server then I can make my image.


texts: I have never set up an encrypto password in copay.   I want to send BTC but copay asks for encrypto password and cannot go any further.  Please let me know what to do.


texts: After a sleeping client comes online again which technique it uses to find the last common ancestor in a blockchain?

texts: I have a Bitcoin client running on my PC and I turn it off. When I turn it on again how does it find the last common block in the blockchain so that it knows which blocks it should obtain?


texts: How do I read peers.dat file to get a list of all peers seen or that bitcoind has connected to?

texts: In version 0.8.6 of Bitcoin, I see that peers.dat file is a custom database format declared in db.h:317 (class CAddrDB) and defined in dh.cpp:485. Any ideas on how I could go about reading the data from peers.dat with PHP or Python? I'd like to keep track of all peers that the bitcoin daemon sees and connects to.  Or is there a better way?


texts: could'nt run wallettemplate project in bitcoinJ

texts:
I just forked bitcoinj and took the wallettemplate folder outside the bitcoinj folder to run it
i've followed the steps in "getting started" docs
now im stuck in trying to run the wallettemplate
i tried to run it from Intellj but i am getting the following massage :
"BUILD FAILED in 3s
Cause: org/openjfx/gradle/JavaFXPlugin has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 55.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0"

Please i need your advice
Many thanks in advance


texts: Fund single output in PSBT with bitcoind

texts:
I would like to create a PSBT with a single output (P2WSH with a given/predefined amount) in an app and give that to the user. The user should then be able to fund this PSBT with the help of bitcoind and/or a hardware wallet.
With "fund" I mean add an input with sufficient balance, perform fee estimation and add a change output if necessary.
The fully funded and finalized (all inputs signed/witnesses added) PSBT would then be given back to the app to continue the workflow.

My question: Is there a workflow with bitcoind that allows that? I have tried walletprocesspsbt but that only adds an input, no change output. And there are no parameters for fee estimation.

An alternative workflow that would fit my use case would be to use walletcreatefundedpsbt where the user would specify the amount of the output to fund but leave the address/PK script to be defined. But as I understand the walletcreatefundedpsbt command, the address has to be given for an output. Or could the data part be used to mark an output as "incomplete"/"to be defined"?


texts: How is mining difficulty defined (formula)?

texts:
The result of sha256(s) that miners attempt is a 256 bits long number (64-digits hexadecimal number).

I understand that this 256bits number should be lower than the target threshold, the target threshold being itself a 256 bits long number with a number of leading zeros.

Target threshold is encoded with 4 bytes in the block's headed, as 0xEEMMMMMM in hex notation. EE being the 1byte exponent and MMMMMM being the 3bytes mantissa.

How exactly are these exponent and mantissa translated to the actual 256-bits long target threshold?


texts: Schildbach Wallet complains: not enough mBTC for transation

texts:
this app was shown to me by a friend.
now wanted to test it, so send some BTC into the wallet-app some time ago.
that worked. now got 46.94€ worth of mBTC
("An mBTC, or MilliBitcoin, is equivalent to 0.001BTC"
is this a fixed "forever" exchange rate (BTC)1:1000(mBTC)?
https://support.coins.co.th/hc/en-us/articles/202087736-What-s-the-difference-between-mBTC-and-BTC-
is technology wise mBTC and BTC working the same?)
and it complains "not enough funds" for transfer.
how in the world, should this be usable to buy a cappuccino worth 3.10€?


texts: How to test if a transaction is standard without spending real money?

texts: The problem with Testnet is all types of transactions are allowed, so how can I know if a transaction would be rejected on mainet ?


texts: Tranasction Confirmed on Blockchain Not Showing on Mycelium

texts:
I have Mycelium V3.5.0.0 installed on my phone. I have sent BTC from another wallet to the public address shown on my Mycelium apps front page (the "Balance" tab).
I sent these funds using Electrum. The transaction now shows on the Blockchain; I have checked using Bitref.com. On Bitref I have checked the same public key as shown on my Mycelium app. Specifically the public key on the "Balance" tab that I can copy (and a QR code of which is shown).
It has now been more than one hour since the transaction appeared on the blockchain but the funds still do not show when I refresh Mycelium.
The transaction now has 4 confirmations, as checked using https://www.blockchain.com/ -> Explorer. Still it is not showing in Mycelium; which I thought required only two confirmations.
What are the possible causes of this?


texts: How to make more than 1 nodes of mine connect each other?

texts:
Lets say i have 5 nodes running.

each node is on its dedicated server and is upto date. and its connected to available peers on the network.

How can i make them to connect each other and not to BAN them, and connect them again in case of bitcoind restarts ?

so in case i plan to make star topology of nodes and use central node for RPC connections.


texts: How long does it take for Mt Gox withdrawal to Dwolla?

texts:
I just sold some BTC and transferred money from Mt Gox to Dwolla.  My Mt. Gox account had $150 in it, and now both accounts are zero.

Is it normal for neither account to reflect the new balance after an account transfer?
How long does an account transfer take?

I've taken the matter up with Mt Gox support, but since they are in Japan, I'm not sure when they will get back to me.  I'd appreciate any anecdotal or historical interaction you've had with this type of exchange.


texts: Beginning the process of buying bitcoins

texts: I am interested in the process of buying bitcoins, but I have many questions. First and foremost, how do I begin this process? I am looking to make my bitcoin wallet as secure as possible, so how would I go about doing that? How would I incorporate the process of buying bitcoins with Tor?


texts: How come importing the bootstrap.dat to Bitcoin Core takes so long?

texts:
So I downloaded and installed BitCoin Core X64 v0.9.3 from https://bitcoin.org/en/download.

I then downloaded the linked bootstrap.dat torrent and after it downloaded the bootstrap.dat, I moved it into the root of the Bitcoin program folder.

I started the program, and here I am, about 20 hours later and its still synchronizing with network... I've got about 4 weeks left to go.

I noticed in my Bitcoin program folder, my bootstrap.dat file has now been renamed to bootstrap.dat.old.

I'm just curious if this in normal for the time it's taking to sync a downloaded bootstrap file. Not to mention running my CPU at 70% the entire time.

My PC is an AMD 8-core with 16GB RAM, and internet with 50mbps down and 25mbps up speed.

Thanks for any advice.


texts:
Can a improvement, difficult or easy, to Bitcoin Core implement z-addr like Zcash?
Zcash do it possible to send coin anonymous using z-addr. The blockchain do not show z-addr, only t-addr that is like a bitcoin address.


texts: Copying an old private key (from 2011) into Electrum: any risks?

texts:
I have an old phone, with a version of the Bitcoin wallet from 2011.  It has a few satoshis in it, which are now worth enough to be worth recovering.  However, the phone can't connect to the Internet.

This version of the wallet apparently stores the private key in an unencrypted base58 file, which I think is therefore equivalent to the Wallet Import Format.  I have root access, so I can view any file on the system, so getting it out isn't a problem.

Would there be any risks involved in simply copying the private key into Electrum 3.0 using these instructions and then sending the contents to a more modern wallet?

From my understanding, the private key gives full access to the contents of the address, but a friend told me that given the key's age, I'd need to import it into bitcoin-qt and do a full sync in order to make sure that the address works properly.


texts: How to 'pick' transactions to include when attempting to add a new block?

texts:
I saw this question about finding new transactions.

But how do you pick which transactions to include in the block you're trying to add? Should it be in a certain order, or random? How many transactions should you include? Looking at the blockchain I've seen anywhere from just a few, to hundreds. Is the number of transactions something you'd vary when pool-mining to combat exhausting all possible nonces if up-to-date with the timestamp header? (Loosely related to my other recent questions).


texts: Port 8333 and Issues to have a connection

texts:
So, I have a website, and that website is going to use Bitcoins. Right now, I'm trying to connect the bitcoin core with the website.

But I have a lot of issues with port 8333:

This is my error: http://prntscr.com/i34pqa
Bitcoin Config file: http://prntscr.com/i34q2e
8333 connections: http://prntscr.com/i34r1o

The bitcoin core I have is on a Linux VPS.

The thing is, I have to be able to connect the website to the bitcoin core, so I have this code in PHP:

include('c.bitcoin.php');
  $bitcoin = new Bitcoin('root','MY PASS','MY VPS SERVER','8333');
  $address = $bitcoin->getnewaddress('Test');
  die($address);

That code works on Localhost, without using the VPS Server Just 127.0.0.1 which means it creates the address :), But when I'm trying to connect it to the bitcoin core that is on my VPS, it doesn't work.

I could open the bitcoin core if I change the rpcport on the bitcoin.conf to another port, like instead of using 8333, we are going to use 8332:
http://prntscr.com/i34vni

And now, we check the node: http://prntscr.com/i34w5a
It's supposed to be working :), But at the end of the day, it doesn't make a connection between my website and the bitcoin core on my VPS.

So I don't know what's going on. I don't know how to solve it, I've tried everything I've found on the internet, but nothing happens. I've written -listen=0, on the bitcoin conf, and I'm not able to connect my website to it yet,

I need this help, I need a big help, Thank you!.


texts: Understanding basic Bitcoin Transactions: the scriptPubKey.addresses array

texts:
I used to think the addresses array into the scriptPubKey (vout) is populated starting from the script, but examining old-fashion multisig transactions, I discovered something made my assumption wrong:

Given this three vouts:

{
    "value" : 0.01000000,
    "n" : 0,
    "scriptPubKey" : {
        "asm" : "1 04cc71eb30d653c0c3163990c47b976f3fb3f37cccdcbedb169a1dfef58bbfbfaff7d8a473e7e2e6d317b87bafe8bde97e3cf8f065dec022b51d11fcdd0d348ac4 0461cbdcc5409fb4b4d42b51d33381354d80e550078cb532a34bfa2fcfdeb7d76519aecc62770f5b0e4ef8551946d8a540911abe3e7854a26f39f58b25c15342af 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG",
        "hex" : "514104cc71eb30d653c0c3163990c47b976f3fb3f37cccdcbedb169a1dfef58bbfbfaff7d8a473e7e2e6d317b87bafe8bde97e3cf8f065dec022b51d11fcdd0d348ac4410461cbdcc5409fb4b4d42b51d33381354d80e550078cb532a34bfa2fcfdeb7d76519aecc62770f5b0e4ef8551946d8a540911abe3e7854a26f39f58b25c15342af52ae",
        "reqSigs" : 1,
        "type" : "multisig",
        "addresses" : [
            "1AJbsFZ64EpEfS5UAjAfcUG8pH8Jn3rn1F",
            "1A8JiWcwvpY7tAopUkSnGuEYHmzGYfZPiq"
        ]
    }
}

{
    "value" : 0.00000002,
    "n" : 0,
    "scriptPubKey" : {
        "asm" : "1 0351efb6e91a31221652105d032a2508275f374cea63939ad72f1b1e02f477da78 00f2b7816db49d55d24df7bdffdbc1e203b424e8cd39f5651ab938e5e4a193569e 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG",
        "hex" : "51210351efb6e91a31221652105d032a2508275f374cea63939ad72f1b1e02f477da782100f2b7816db49d55d24df7bdffdbc1e203b424e8cd39f5651ab938e5e4a193569e52ae",
        "reqSigs" : 1,
        "type" : "multisig",
        "addresses" : [
            "1NdB761LmTmrJixxp93nz7pEiCx5cKPW44"
        ]
    }
}

which comes respectively from transactions:

60a20bd93aa49ab4b28d514ec10b06e1829ce6818ec06cd3aabd013ebcdc4bb1
274f8be3b7b9b1a220285f5f71f61e2691dd04df9d69bb02a8b3b85f91fb1857

I have noticed that they share the same script:

OP1 OPDATA OPDATA OP2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG

but with different results.

In the first one transaction you can see two addresses in the addresses array, in the second one you can see only an address.

Also, given this one:

{
    "value" : 0.00000001,
    "n" : 22,
    "scriptPubKey" : {
        "asm" : "1 6565292c66696c653d7379732e737464657272290a0a69662046616c73653a0a202020207072696e742870726f78792e73656e647261777472616e73616374696f 6e287369676e65645f74785b27686578275d29290a656c73653a0a202020207072696e74287369676e65645f7478290a0000000000000000000000000000000000 2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG",
        "hex" : "51416565292c66696c653d7379732e737464657272290a0a69662046616c73653a0a202020207072696e742870726f78792e73656e647261777472616e73616374696f416e287369676e65645f74785b27686578275d29290a656c73653a0a202020207072696e74287369676e65645f7478290a000000000000000000000000000000000052ae",
        "type" : "multisig"
    }
}

which comes from transaction 4b72a223007eab8a951d43edc171befeabc7b5dca4213770c88e09ba5b936e17

No reqsigs nor addresses comes in the parsed transaction.

So, I think I am a little confused on how addresses array is populated.


texts: What is an accepted standard for a Bitcoin system secure from loss?

texts:
Using Bitcoin, you can have transactions sent to different addresses. These addresses are, in turn, contained in wallets accessed by keys. The downside is, if you lose the keys, you will lose the Bitcoins (purchasing power) at those addresses in those wallets.

What constitutes a widely accepted and reasonably safe backup system for the keys? Are there means of storing or "hosting" the keys in a way that most authorities would agree has minimal risk of loss?


texts: How do I build Bitcoin source in Windows 7?

texts:
I am trying to build the current Bitcoin source in Windows 7x64 - Does anyone know of an idiot-proof tutorial? Some of the steps in the included doc give me errors.

When I try to tar openssl with msys, I get symlink errors.

Is there a better walk-through?


texts: Coins sent to unknown address in Multibit

texts:
Premise: I'm quite new to all this bitcoin thing.

After experiencing some problem with a bitcoin transaction, I made few attempts with small quantities (0,0001).

In particular, I've sent 0,0001 to each of three different addresses. However, I've noticed that on MultiBit, on the transactions details, under "description", all of them appear "Sent to [address]" to the same address for all the 3 transactions. Is that normal?

Ok, none of the transaction were addressed to 17iU5t8JXuJux4maPEwWHtuy6cGU4cRiJQ

For example, at 16 Apr 2015, 15:35, I sent 0,0001 bitcoin (plus 0,0001 commission) to 12m1i78fnz31eTbK4cut18y1sTyP6ZHhw5 (which is another wallet of mine). However, I've never received them on 12m1i78fnz31eTbK4cut18y1sTyP6ZHhw5,a and on MultiBit it appears to be sent to this unknown 17iU5t8JXuJux4maPEwWHtuy6cGU4cRiJQ. Same holds for the other two transactions: they weren't meant to be addressed to 17iU5t8JXuJux4maPEwWHtuy6cGU4cRiJQ.


texts: What is "Key Splitting"? When would I use it?

texts:
Here is some github code to create split keys.

Is Key Splitting the same as Multi Sig?
What are the benefits of Key Splitting, what's it used for?
How does it relate to P2SH or any other relevant BIP?
How are split keys used in a transaction?


texts: OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY . Include / reject or will not included in block?

texts:
What happened if I translate to network transaction with the folowing redeem script:

[now + 3 months] CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY DROP
DUP HASH160 [Bob's Public Key Hash] EQUALVERIFY CHECKSIG

This tx will be accepted (included in block) and after 3 month Bob can spend bitcoins?
Transaction will be rejected, and can only be accepted by the network when 3 month is reached?
Transaction will be accepted immediatly, but can be confirmed (included in block) after 3 month ?

Does it depends to input script (scriptsig)?
If yes, can you provide an example pls?
According to wiki, I just need to push some value to stack?


texts:
Breadwallet uses a recovery passphrase in case you loose your phone. I read that you can reimport your wallet using a private key only once and after that you have to export it again in order to be able to import it a second time (see Using Paper Wallets).

Is the key derivation method breadwallet uses also susceptible to that, or can I use this passphrase multiple times to recover the wallet?


texts: How to salvage bitcoins from corrupted hard drive?

texts:
I have been mining bitcoins for years, all which now appear to be gone.

The bitcoin machine is running ubuntu 10.04 LTS. The bitcoin miner is version 0.3.20.2.

The machine crashed after a power failure/spike after which the blkindex.dat file was corrupt, along with very many filesystem errors (claimed to be fixed on reboot).  I managed to load the wallet.dat file onto a Mac OSX machine, installed the latest version of bitcoin and let it run to update the wallet info.  Before syncing the wallet showed 0 bitcoins.

After ~14 hours of "syncing" the wallet still shows 0 bitcoins.

Searching online, there are a few people that have lost their bitcoins when upgrading from one version to another.

I've built another machine with the same version of Linux and bitcoin miner and installed all the bitcoin files EXCEPT the blk*.dat files.  It is now running.

Is there anything else I could try?


texts: Bitcoin "accounts" feature - Is it practical or scalable?

texts:
On the bitcoin wiki's "Accounts explained" page:
https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Accounts_explained#Account_Weaknesses

It clearly states:

  The accounts code does not scale up to thousands of accounts with tens of thousands of transactions, because by-account (and by-account-by-time) indices are not implemented. So many operations (like computing an account balance) require accessing every wallet transaction.

So my question is that should the standard web developer creating a bitcoin web app using the RPC interface use (or ever use) accounts?

Should we always use the default "" account since we technically always have to use accounts when accessing the RPC for things like getting the entire servers balance?

Should we just handle our users accounts on our own databases and ONLY use bitcoind for things like listsinceblock() to store transactions and user balances in our databases?


texts: Is there a graph of Namecoin value over time?

texts:
Where can I find a chart (or even raw data) of Namecoin prices over time?
NMC Watch doesn't seem to provide a link to historical data, just one day.

In BTC? In USD?


texts: Why use `update_add_htlc` when paying directly across a channel?

texts:
If Alice opens a channel to Bob and sends a payment directly to Bob, the following messages are exchanged:
    +-------+                            +-------+
    |       |---- update_add_htlc ------>|       |
    |       |---- commitment_signed ---->|       |
    |       |                            |       |
    |       |<--- revoke_and_ack --------|       |
    |       |<--- commitment_signed -----|       |
    |       |                            |       |
    |       |---- revoke_and_ack ------->|       |
    |       |                            |       |
    |   A   |                            |   B   |
    |       |                            |       |
    |       |<--- update_fulfill_htlc ---|       |
    |       |<--- commitment_signed -----|       |
    |       |                            |       |
    |       |---- revoke_and_ack ------->|       |
    |       |---- commitment_signed ---->|       |
    |       |                            |       |
    |       |<--- revoke_and_ack --------|       |
    +-------+                            +-------+

(source: running lnd with TRACE logging and inspecting the logs)
Why is it necessary to use HTLCs at all, instead of just exchanging updated commitment transactions directly?
For example:
    +-------+                            +-------+
    |       |---- commitment_signed ---->|       |
    |       |                            |       |
    |       |<--- revoke_and_ack --------|       |
    |   A   |                            |   B   |
    |       |<--- commitment_signed -----|       |
    |       |                            |       |
    |       |---- revoke_and_ack ------->|       |
    +-------+                            +-------+


texts: What app should I use to import my wallet keys?

texts:
I have the private key backup from my Android phone wallet. My phone broke and has been replaced but I can't see any import option in the Android wallet app.

How do I get my BTC back?


texts: 1.1LTC transaction fee when trying to send ~4.98 LTC?

texts:
I'm new to lite coin, and have been mining a bit over the last week. So far I've accumulated just under 5 LTC. When trying to move my LTC elsewhere, I'm asked for a 1.1LTC fee. That seems ridiculously high! Why is this the case? and is there anyway around it?

I'm using the litecoin-qt client and have optinal transaction fees set to 0


texts: Can I develop an API which will accept bitcoins and regular currency using existing API's such as coinbase and stripe?

texts: Can I develop an API which will accept bitcoins and normal currency using existing API's such as coinbase and stripe? This API when used by a merchant should be able to accept both bitcoins and regular currency on his website.?


texts: When does a transaction end up in the transaction pool?

texts:
I have been reading about the validation of transactions. And I understand the actual method in which a transaction is composed (by inputs and outputs). And I know a transaction ends up in a transaction pool before being put in a block.

However, I want to know what happens in between. How many nodes need to validate my transaction before it ends up in the transaction pool?


texts: How to prioritize bitcoin transactions when solo mining using CPUMINER?

texts:
I am just tinkering. Trying to learn how things work. So making money is not even on my radar at the moment.

Because I am just in the learning stage, I am using CPUMiner on my Ubuntu 17.10 laptop. It was easy to install and get it running against my bitcoin-qt install on the same machine.

So I am already running a full bitcoin node and the miner and it is doing work. I can see that things are moving around.

What I am really struggling to figure out is how blocks are created.

I read everywhere that the full node spits out the work to be done but the miner decides how to prioritize that work so most people work on the node with the largest fee first. That makes sense. But how is that being decided? Where are the rules configured to determine if I want to discard some transactions and process others?

For example, if I really don't care how much money I make and I simply want to process the oldest transactions first (maybe those that have a low fee) just to be helpful, how do I make that happen?

How do I tell either bitcoin-qt or cpuminer (minerd) what my preferences are for what to invest my efforts in?

With this system, there is no chance of making any money but if I can understand the process better and see how it works in the real world and how I can configure it, then I can decide how to scale up (or not).

Thanks!


texts: I have Bitcoin-qt installed and running on an external Hard Drive.  Where should I put the bitcoin.conf file so I can configure it with the server setting, user, and password?


texts: How do HD wallets use mnemonic to recover all private keys?

texts:
As I understand, a wallet like BRD wallet can have many private keys and receiving addresses.

When I give them the mnemonic, how do they re-generate all of the relevant private keys from that mnemonic alone?

I saw a video on a master private key, and I cannot figure out how it all ties into it because I could generate multiple private keys from the master private keys, or I could generate multiple private keys from any of the children private keys of the master. How does the wallet know from just the mnemonic, which path I took?


texts: Confidential transactions: how can they be verified by the network?

texts:
I'm currently trying to understand how confidential transactions would work. I think I was able follow all the explanations about Pedersen commitments and the range checks, but I'm still missing one piece of the puzzle: If the network doesn't know transaction amounts, how can it verify a transaction? It doesn't know whether the account balance is sufficient. How can the network even know account balances when the amount of incoming transactions is hidden?

It would be great if anyone could shed some light on this.


texts: Why is decentralized e-commerce good or better?

texts:
All of the promotional materials (videos, papers, articles, etc.) on Bitcoin bill it as a decentralized solution for e-commerce/online financial exchanges that bypasses traditional banks, federal reserve, etc.

My question: why is this a good thing? Is it better, or just different? What shortcomings in traditional e-com are now solved by Bitcoin? Thanks in advance!


texts: Why outputs' spendable and solvable are false?

texts:
I noticed a transaction whose spendable and solvable are both false, what does this mean and why?

 {
    "txid": "c940241a0ef626e865e2004bc120536fb7868d510115e923c76d5e658a97f6d5",
    "vout": 0,
    "address": "mnbFFLXUqTPBweLm6w1GA2ZAJQbrTndEGC",
    "account": "",
    "scriptPubKey": "76a9144d98b2350032c849ac6e6e7ad0eb88e00fd7fbff88ac",
    "amount": 1.10000000,
    "confirmations": 132,
    "spendable": false,
    "solvable": false
},

Is this means this utxo is invalid somehow so cannot spend it?

Also, this is on testnet.


texts: How can i get BFGMiner to recognise my 1060 gtx?

texts:
i have a computer i would like to solo mine bitcoins with, no matter how small my chances are, i am determined to find out my hashrate for mining...
i might try litecoin too as i assume it is easier to solo mine a block
I have tried gpuminer and cgminer on ubuntu and windows with varied results nothing works except bfgminer one time on a gtx460 which gave me 68mh/s, i cannot recreate this now and most information is now out dated in terms of debugging and fixing errors...
nothing i do seems to work now
about 4 days ago i had it working with a hashrate of 68mh/s on a gtx 460 using bfgminer
i have since re installed ubuntu and now im unable to setup the miner (following the same instructions which lead to success of 68mh/s before) and get it working (various make errors)
it seems something which was updated either in ubuntu or bfgminer in the past 5 days has made my instructions i follow to setup bfgminer, stop working...
some notable errors:
while autogen.sh:
libtoolize: copying file './ltmain.sh'
libtoolize: Consider adding 'AC_CONFIG_MACRO_DIRS([m4])' to configure.ac,
libtoolize: and rerunning libtoolize and aclocal.
libtoolize: Consider adding '-I m4' to ACLOCAL_AMFLAGS in Makefile.am.

now:
i have a bitcoin core client ready my question is:
how on earth can i get bfgminer to work now?
i am doing this now from ubuntu terminal:
Code:
./configure --disable-other-drivers --enable-cpumining --enable-opencl

./bfgminer -S opencl:auto -o http://localhost:8332 -u xxxxx -p xxxxx --generate-to xxxxx --log 30 -D

i removed sensitive info with xxxxx
errors:
bfgminer does not find any devices
so i use "M+" then "all" but no new devices are found
how can i get it to recognise my gtx 1060? and my cpu?
i use "M+" then "auto" but it doesnt find my gpu only finds my cpu
my CPU currently giving me 20Mh/s after 10 minutes this has gone down to 9Mh/s  Grin Roll Eyes after zeroing statistics my hashrate is stable after 5 minutes at about 30Mh/s  Wink
please dont reply "gpu/cpu solo bitcoin mining is obsolete" - i still want to give it a go - if my hashrate is even one hash per second, i still have a chance, am i wrong?
i will set temps to a low number after i get it working to reduce hardware failure chances and then re check my hashrates
mods please dont delete this... send me a message instead?... i dont want my topic to get lost in a lesser active sub forum... or deleted entirely, i need help! i am going nuts here


texts: Incoming block handler is never called when using bitcore

texts:
I want to get blocks on my node with bitcore.

For example, I'm using peermanager.js and I get transactions:

var handleTx = function(info) {
  var tx = info.message.tx.getStandardizedObject();
  console.log('** TX Received **');
  console.log(tx);
};

and it's printing transactions.

However, when I use this part:

var handleBlock = function(info) {
  console.log('** Block Received **');
  console.log(info.message);
};

It doesn't log anything to the console.


texts: mSigna: Signed, send, but 0 confs despite high fee (0.001 BTC)

texts:
Tried to send my first tx from mSigna today. Receiving was painless, but the send does not get included into a block since half a day, and dozens of blocks passed.

I unlocked the account, created the tx, signed and sent it. The confirmation count for my receiving tx still rises (as more blocks arrive), but the one for the sending tx stays 0. Sounds like enough support to me...

I feel I am missing important information, like I need to do some step in addition?

The only calculation for the fees I found is at bitcoinfees, but it's based on average tx size. It currently recommends 0.0002712 BTC, which is well below the fee I payed.

blockchain.info says "Transaction not found". Looking at the adress at blockchain.info, it says "0 transactions".

I'm running mSigna 0.10.6 with Bitcoin Core QT 0.14.2 (64bit) locally.

EDIT: As I read somewhere that transactions based on unconfirmed payments take longer than usual, I wanted to add that my receiving transaction is shown with over 6000 confirmations (again up from yesterday).


texts: How do on-line wallet or bitcoin exchanges usually secure their private keys?

texts: I suppose they're kept encrypted as not to do so would be the equivalent as saving plaintext passwords. I heard most of them keep a percentage of the funds in cold storage, but then isn't it inconvenient for the users in case a lot of them want to withdraw funds? how to manage those conflicting interests? Also how is the actual key being generated? where does the source of randomness come from?


texts: What do the red and green blocks mean in a price chart?

texts:
What do the red and green blocks mean in this price chart?

Source: Tradingview


texts: account id & bitcoin amount & message ?-> show website content

texts:
I am planning to make an website / wordpress plugin. Site will ask visitor's account id.

Site will show content only if a bitcoin transaction with specified  account id & bitcoin amount & message exist.

My big plan let visitor to track how a software have been made. Like in a version control system, like in Github visitor could track changes. But!! certain changes / commits the developer could charge some dollar.

My specific question is: Can I query all the bitcoin transactions back to the past and filter with a predicate contains the following fields: account id = 'abc'  & bitcoin amount = 123 & message = 'def'?


texts:
When a node receives a block, is it enough to validate root of Merkel tree ?
How does block size affect the validation cost?
 What is the difference between the cost of validation 1mg-size block  and 2mg-size block? Its variations are linear or constant or quadratic?
Tnx.


texts: Where can i get all the commands with descriptions for Bitcoind on my linux server?

texts: Just installed bitcoind on my server and wanted to find a cheat sheet for the bitcoind commands. Where would i find them with a description and example of what each command does?


texts:
How does the Bitcoin Network verify whether the wallet has enough bitcoins for the transaction?

I understand that it is verifiable by scanning the entire blockchain and see whether the wallet has the enough bitcoin in it so that it is possible to make the transaction.

However isn't it feasible if the size of the blockchain becomes really large? Is there any practical way that the current nodes verify whether the transaction is valid?


texts: Why does won't my bitcoin transaction complete? It has thousands of confirmations

texts:
My transaction has over 4000 confirmations and has been pending for over 3 weeks in my Coinbase wallet. The money is not available and shows as "pending". What is going on? If it had 0 confirmations I'd understand why but no one seems to have any information on this. I've reached out to coinbase multiple times but have only received the general answers that they have posted on their website for typical reasons that transactions are pending. This transaction that was sent to me has a decent fee attached. I don't know what to do. Has anyone seen something like this before? Here is the tx
https://live.blockcypher.com/btc/tx/60c0b24e664040dc8064b58c949de91d9550d4940ae51cf1eeaeab49f75e051a/


texts: Is mnemonic words -> mnemonic sentence standardized?

texts:
I was reading the BIP 39, and noticed that it does not refer to how the mnemonic sentence, used for seed calculation, is composed from mnemonic words.  This is actually troublesome because in case of Japanese, the bip39 npm package joins the mnemonics with IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE(U+3000), the space character typically used as space for Japanese.  It seems that copay is using this library and thus follow this rule.  Some other implementation may decide to use (more machine-friendly) space(U+20), or something else, which makes remembering just the mnemonic words in sufficient for wallet recovery (in other wallet).

Question:

Is there any standard of how mnemonic sentence is composed from mnemonic words?


texts: sent coins to wallet address, but bitcoin-qt shows no balance

texts:
Coin was sent in March 2014, to an address I specified, from coinbase to bitcoin-qt, which I think is associated with blockchain.info.  Since then, I have installed a new hard drive and the wallet.dat from my backup was put in place of the one in the appdata/roaming/bitcoin. I had tried salvagewallet and rescan after finding that no balance or transactions were showing.
I see the transactions to this address in coinbase and the address still has a balance in blockchain.info, but I have noticed DIFFERENT,unrecognized receiving addresses in bitcoin-qt.

is there another way to restore my old wallet.dat?


texts: Manage multiple users wallets for web wallet service

texts:
This already summaries the issue I'm currently trying to figure out to calculate the transaction fee to prevent negative balance.

(testnet) I tried using createrawtransaction answered.
When I tried to send all balance to an address, the txid was created successfully using createrawtransaction but when I ran the fundrawtranaction on that txid it showed

error code: -4
error message:
Insufficient funds

The goal is to calculate transaction fee before hand to check either sufficient balance is available of an account using sendfrom

To manage multiple users to isolate users' balances as this.

EDIT1:

If using estimatesmartfee it is showing the fee:

bitcoin-cli -testnet estimatesmartfee 6
{
  "feerate": 0.00501921,
  "blocks": 6
}

When calling sendfrom for total balance transfer:

bitcoin-cli -testnet sendfrom <account> <address> <amount>
error code: -4
error message:
Error: This transaction requires a transaction fee of at least 0.00067257

Is there a way to get 0.00067257 the fee part before send the transaction amount and set it so that account balance won't go negative for multi accounts wallet.

Edit 2:

I found out that accounts are deprecated.

And multi wallet creation/load/unload on runtime is underway to 0.17.0

So what would be the best approach to handle multiple users bitcoins in isolation on a full node to prevent negative balance.


texts: Who has admin privilages for the bitcoin wiki?

texts:
Who has an admin user?
I know Stephen Gornick has. Who else?

Who besides MagicTux has technical admin credentials? (server access)


texts: Debugging OP_EQUALVERIFY: non-equal data: how to get uncompressed public key and address from scriptSig

texts:
This is the top ranking result on google for OP_EQUALVERIFY: non-equal data error.

In the answer, the person gets the uncompressed public key and its address from the scriptSig.

Is there a website link I can be pointed to where I can give scriptSig as input, and receive the uncompressed public key and address please?


texts: We know that the Bitcoin currency is volatile, but does the transaction fees correlate with it's volatility? Is it right to assert that if there is high level of Bitcoin demand, then the currency goes up, and then if the demand comes from a great amount of person, then the network size increases and so the transaction fees could be balanced by a greater availability of blockchain space, or am I going wrong ?


texts: Who pays for the computational cost when validating a transaction

texts:
Suppose Alice wants to validate a transaction (check this transaction does exist, not make a new transaction),
and suppose her has not downloaded all transaction history.

My understanding is,

1) Alice will send a request to all her peer computer nodes and ask for the root the Merkel tree and hashes required to validate the transaction.

2) Some miners among her peer nodes will locate the block that includes the transaction

3) As block only stores Merkle tree root, not internal nodes, these miners will have to construct a Merkle tree from all transactions

4) The miners send block header and hashes (Merkle tree root and hashes on the authentication path) back to Alice.

Since the step 3 requires computational resources, my questions is why some nodes want to perform these computations for Alice?
It seems that these nodes will not get paid for validating an old transaction.


texts:
I want to be the fastest/first one at recognizing/receiving new transactions, so i set i set these in bitcoin.conf and running a bitcoin full node on dedicated centos server.

maxconnections=1000
timeout=15000

ref : How does one attain 1,000+ connections like blockchain.info?

but when i restarted the bitcoind i get

Warning: Reducing -maxconnections from 1000 to 865, because of system limitations.

why is that ? and how can i connect to maximum nodes to make sure i am the first one to get new transactions details.

bitcoin version

Bitcoin Core RPC client version v0.14.99.0-6adc3a3


texts: Why is there a difference between the candlestick data on coinigy versus the data that binance provides?

texts:
The candlestick data on coinigy.com does not match the binance official API. See the screenshot below:

Especially the open and close are very different, does anyone know why this is the case and if I can get the historic candlestick data from coinigy itself?

I think this is pretty weird because Coinigy is there for technical analysis and should be accurate.


texts: Getting historic exchange data through an API

texts:
I'm trying my hands on a trading bot, but I need a website to pull trade data for min. the last 3 days. This can be from any major exchange. Eg. the exact same as this:
https://www.bitstamp.net/api/transactions/

But this only allows retrieval of transactions max. 1 hour old (or am I wrong?)


texts: How to reissue a currency you own in NXT Monetary System (Sidechains)?

texts: I registered a monetary system currency on the NXT platform and made it exchangable as one of the properties. But now I want to make it reservable for a crowdfunding campaign. How do you reissue the same currency on the NXT platform? I dont see a reissue button anywhere.


texts: Is there an easy way to diversify your Bitcoin holding among the other popular forks?

texts:
Recently there has been a spread of Bitcoin clones, starting with Namecoin and following with other newer clones. There is a chance these coins will appreciate relative to Bitcoin.

Is there an easy way for a Bitcoin holder to automatically diversify his holding among the different crypto currencies, similar to holding an index fund or ETF instead of purchasing individual stocks?


texts:
When I go to BlockExplorer and observe the hash of block 514441's header I see it to be:

0000000000000000004ec916884d8b2cd3dc0e80ab199cc23e528e7dc10fafc6

However when I obtain the header of block 514441 from:

https://blockchain.info/rawblock/0000000000000000004ec916884d8b2cd3dc0e80ab199cc23e528e7dc10fafc6?format=hex

and I double hash the first 640 bits using Java's SHA256 implementation I get the following (they are byte reversals of each other):

c6 af 0f c1 7d 8e 52 3e c2 9c 19 ab 80 0e dc d3 2c 8b 4d 88 16 c9 4e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

Which is the actual block header hash that has to be less than the target value?


texts: What user data has been leaked from MtGox's database during June 2011 hack?

texts: What user data has been leaked from MtGox's database during the June 2011 hack? Is the database still available for download anywhere, like it was almost a year ago?


texts: What if I receive bitcoins when my device is powered off?

texts: What happens if I receive bitcoins when my computer or smartphone is not online or powered off?


texts: Possible to include a per miner transaction to prevent withholding and independent rebroadcast of a solved block?

texts:
Update: This is a bad idea because it simply won't work, but it did help me understand what happens between a Miner and a Pool.

And if you missed it in the comments, read @Meni's PDF for a threat and profitability analysis of pools.

Is it feasible for a pool operator to include a "signature transaction" sending a small amount of BTC from and to themselves... and then monitor the public block chain for these addresses if share withholding (and subsequent solo broadcast) is attempted?

In other words, if a pool has 10,000 workers, then generate 10,000 addresses.   Then create a transaction with an output corresponding with the worker address.  Of course this money won't go to the worker (unless the operator desires it), but it can be used as virtual stamp on the entire block.

Is this a viable strategy?  If so, what scope is best for this check: per miner, per x miners, or per pool?

(I think the per pool scope may be a good way to get a measurement on % of cheaters)


texts: Exporting secure seed using bitcoin core

texts:
I am trying to secure my own bitcoin.

I want to generate a bunch of addresses from a HD Seed, however I am paranoid about the security of any seed generated from any website and so only trust in the bitcoin core client.

I have downloaded and compiled the bitcoin-core client, but am struggling to understand how to export the seed and or seed + my password.

Is this feature not available on bitcoin-core and if not is there something else people use to secure large amounts or bitcoin using a HD seed +  custom password.

My ultimate plan was to then get one of the addresses generated from this seed, plus 2 other addresses from other seeds on other remote machines to then create a multi sig address for securing my bitcoin.

Any help/input appreciated.


texts: Assuming that there is a magical mineblocks RPC command that can mine X blocks on demand, what is the complete set of command line commands to start a client, mine my coins to a specific address, see the mined blocks, get the reward and send them to an address XXX?


texts: How to install Berkeley DB 4.8 on Linux?

texts:
The Unix build notes do not show how to install version 4.8 apart from saying

  BerkeleyDB is required for the wallet. Ubuntu and Debian have their
      own libdb-dev and libdb++-dev packages, but these will install
      BerkeleyDB 5.1 or later. This will break binary wallet compatibility
      with the distributed executables, which are based on BerkeleyDB 4.8.If you do not care about wallet compatibility, pass --with-incompatible-bdb to configure. Otherwise, you can build from self-compiled depends (see above).

The referenced README.md from the quoted

  Now, you can either build from self-compiled depends or install the
  required dependencies:

does not discuss BerkeleyDB 4.8.

I know there is ./contrib/install_db4.sh in the source for installing BerkeleyDB 4.8 but it abords on my Ubuntu with curl: (7) Failed to connect to git.savannah.gnu.org port 443: No route to host.


texts:
I watched the 3Blue1Brown video about the blockchain and a question arose.
How is it ever guaranteed that if I send out a broadcast it will ever be put in a block that gets verified. For example it (my transaction) could reach miners who start verifying the block with my transaction but other blocks without my transaction get verified first therefore my block becomes obsolete because the everyone else is on another fork.
It seems like catching a moving train but with the chance that you run at the exact same speed as the train and never can get on it.


texts: Is the Ledger Implementation of BIP39 Generation Not Following the Spec?

texts:
According to the BIP39 spec, invalid checksums should be displayed by software.

However, Ledger's BIP39 generation tool (which looks like a copy of Ian's tool), will not show an error for invalid checksums.

Example phrases to test with:

Correctly Generated Recovery Phrase:
square cactus nurse pond share rescue prepare bottom suffer speed will tomorrow

another "valid phrase" (different but invalid checksum):
square cactus nurse pond share rescue prepare bottom suffer speed will account

another "valid phrase" (different but invalid checksum):
square cactus nurse pond share rescue prepare bottom suffer speed will acoustic

For a 12 word phrase, if you split the 2048 wordlist into 16 word blocks, every 1 word out of the 16-word block will not produce an invalid mnemonic (or checksum) error.

My two questions:

Is this going against the BIP39 spec?
Why does this code allow for 1 out of every 16 words of a block to be deemed as "valid"?


texts: What is the work done by the bitcoin core client during the initialization process? Is the block index created locally or downloaded at other partner nodes?


texts: What is the purpose of addr_from and addr_recv in version message?

texts:
I understand from this answer the semantics of addr_from and addr_recv. It is not clear to me though what is their purpose. Don't we assume that the transport layer protocol takes care of, well, transport?

What happens if I send a version message where the information addr_from or addr_recv is missing or incorrect? E.g., in this answer the example code includes the following:

addr_recv = struct.pack("Q", 0)
addr_recv += struct.pack(">16s", "127.0.0.1")
addr_recv += struct.pack(">H", 8333)
addr_from = struct.pack("Q", 0)
addr_from += struct.pack(">16s", "127.0.0.1")
addr_from += struct.pack(">H", 8333)

If that works, why include anything meaningful in those fields?


texts: What are the most comprehensive APIs for cryptocurrency market data?

texts: I'm looking for a well documented, easy to use API that provides data on the majority of cryptocurrencies. That data should include the 1 hr, 24hr, and 7 day price changes, as well as the entire history of the volume, and price for each crypto. I've looked into some APIs but none have provided this sort of comprehensive information. There are many great sites that have access to this sort of data, so it must be out there. Any help is appreciated! Thanks!


texts: Old Bit Coin Wallet Failing to Pass 180 Weeks

texts: I have an old laptop that I have bitcoin wallet on. I left the computer alone since early 2015 and when I try to sync the bitcoin wallet, the wallet gets stuck on 180 weeks. the bitcoin wallet sync process just eats way at hard drive space and stays at 180 weeks. I free up over 70 Gb and it still just just eats at hard drive space.


texts: How can I connect to bitcoin-qt client with public ip address

texts:
I used the bitcoin client but i want to connect to it using public ip adress not localhost.

From that machine i could reach bitcoin using localhost but when I am using public ip address with the ports required it is not working.

Firewall is down on that machine.

I added this line to bitcoin.conf

allowrpc=mypublicaddress

Also my debug window I see these two lines

2014-06-05 15:04:43 AddLocal(mylocalAddress:18333,1)
2014-06-05 15:04:44 AddLocal(myPublicAdress:18333,4)


texts:
Part of why Bitcoin works is that it's completely unlikely for someone to end up with the same Bitcoin address. But since Bitcoin address generation is based on pseudo-random generation it raises the question: Are pseudo-random number generation algorithms good enough to cover all possible Bitcoin addresses?

See also What happens if your bitcoin client generates an address identical to another person's?

And note that the Android Bitcoin wallet already had an issue with this:
Google patches Android after Bitcoin wallet issue


texts: Bitaddress.org - How does it use random mouse movement?

texts:
I am reviewing https://www.bitaddress.org/. I have downloaded the code from Github. I see first screen they show is to increase randomness on the private key generated.

I am trying to figure it out how it use it in the code. I see the hexcode is shown in a div with id:

seedpooldisplay

If I look that, I find a method:

showPool: function () {
        var poolHex;
        if (SecureRandom.poolCopyOnInit != null) {
            poolHex = Crypto.util.bytesToHex(SecureRandom.poolCopyOnInit);
            document.getElementById("seedpool").innerHTML = poolHex;
            document.getElementById("seedpooldisplay").innerHTML = poolHex;
        }
        else {
            poolHex = Crypto.util.bytesToHex(SecureRandom.pool);
            document.getElementById("seedpool").innerHTML = poolHex;
            document.getElementById("seedpooldisplay").innerHTML = poolHex;
        }
        var percentSeeded = Math.round((ninja.seeder.seedCount / ninja.seeder.seedLimit) * 100) + "%";
        document.getElementById("mousemovelimit").innerHTML = percentSeeded;
        for (var wIndex in ninja.seeder.seederDependentWallets) {
            document.getElementById(ninja.seeder.seederDependentWallets[wIndex]).innerHTML = percentSeeded;
        }
    },

Then I loose track where is used, any ideas?. I understand this is used to create the private key,


texts:
Could you please explain me the meaning behind the terms and actions of the cmd line like:
bfgminer -o stratum+tcp://stratum.mining.eligius.st:3334 -O YourAddress

and this:
bfgminer -o stratum+tcp://uk1.ghash.io:3333-u username.worker -p YourPasswordHere

Thank you for your time.
Best regards


texts: I am new to Bitcoin.  I have downloaded the whole blockchain but I still can't access my wallets because I get a popup telling me to use prune mode.  My question is: I know that I have received transactions that I have not yet seen in my wallet.  If I run prune mode, will I lose those deposits since they are not yet in my wallet?


texts: How does the bip32 version bytes convert to base58?

texts:
Converting the BIP32 version bytes - x04\x88\xad\xe4 - from base256 to base58 and base58Check returns 7irrX and 1kz713TZjju, respectively.

I thought the version bytes represented xprv. What am I missing?

I'm using pybitcointools, if that makes a difference.


texts:
I have PHP Based Web Bitcoin Wallet on localhost. I use simple Login system and basic bitcoin Json-RPC.
In fact, everything is runing clearly, but my Bitcoin daemon giving same Bitcoin address to all users.

I want, Unique bitcoin address for every user? How?


texts:
Private key is 32-byte number.

Address (Hash) is 20-byte number.

Is it true that there is many Private keys that have the same 20-byte hash?

P.S. How to get Address from Private key:

Private key (32-byte number, random) --1--> 04+Public key (64-byte number, elliptic curve point) --2--> Hash, Address (20-byte number) --3--> Address string (Base58 string).

Elliptic curve point multiplication
SHA256, ripemd160
Hex converts to Base58


texts: Can you pay with Litecoin anywhere you can pay with Bitcoin?

texts: Can you pay with Litecoin at any place that accepts Bitcoin? If no where can you spend Litecoins?


texts: How can I recover bitcoins sent to derived addresses in Electrum?

texts:
I am using the Electrum wallet. Recently, I used my Public master key on the Mycelium Gear site to create a widget. This widget generates Bitcoin addresses, which I want to manage with my Electrum wallet. I received some bitcoins to these generated addresses but I cannot see the generated address in my Electrum wallet! I also cannot see my generated address in Xpub blockchain.info.

I already have my generated Bitcoin addresses, so now I need private keys for them. When I used the command to get the private key I received this error:

wallet.get_master_private_key('x/', gui.password_dialog())
Traceback (most recent call last):
NameError: name 'gui' is not defined


texts: How can I determine my cryptocurrency exchange rate according to demand and supply by programmatically?

texts:
I know exchange rate depends on so many factors theoretically, but how can I determine my cryptocurrency exchange rate according to demand and supply by programmatically?

Is there any standard algorithm to increase and decrease the value of cryptocurrency(ex. in USD) based on demand and supply?

How Bitcoin exchange rate increase and decrease automatically, Please let me know, is there any algorithm which can estimate the value of Bitcoin in USD and increase/decrease it's value(in USD) automatically.


texts: bitcoind localhost port 18332: Connection refused Ubuntu 18

texts:
Trying to connect to testnet using curl from localhost on ubuntu server. Tried lots of combinations of bitcoin.conf and ports.

Here's my config:

server=1
daemon=1
testnet=1
rpcuser=user
rpcpassword=pswd
test.rpcport=18332
rpcconnect=127.0.0.1
rpcbind=127.0.0.1:18332

Any ideas?


texts: If the current block mining reward is 12.5 bitcoin, then why don't outputs match?

texts:
I'm browsing blockchain.info, and I'm trying to understand what I'm seeing. The current block mining reward is 12.5 BTC, but I'm seeing weird outputs like 14.769 BTC coming from newly created bitcoin. For example, this block:

https://blockchain.info/block/00000000000000000129eecf5ca7b9ff2d7c6332ef439e39ae0974c39d209042

Can someone help me understand what's going on here? Browsing the earliest blocks makes more sense, as they all output exactly 50 BTC, which was the initial block mining reward.


texts: What is the optimal way to increment extranonce?

texts:
I'm trying to learn how to block headers are created and an efficient way of doing so. Given a list .of transactions, can I change the extranonce without having to rehash the entire list?
EDIT: To clarify, I am not asking about what the extranonce is but whether there are algorithms to recompute the merkletree better than others.


texts: Bitcoin: block reward for a tiny transaction

texts:
I'm sure this a basic question, but I would like to check my understanding.

At the moment, a miner who grows the blockchain by confirming a block is rewarded with 12.5 bitcoins. This incentivises miners to validate transactions.

Today each bitcoin is worth $13032.00.

It is really correct that if Bob sends Alice some tiny fraction, say one ten-thousandth, of a bitcoin, today worth $1.30, then each confirmation is worth $162,900.00 to the miner?

If this is correct, then it is only economical to offer a transaction fee comparable in value to the miner's reward when the transaction is huge. So as a follow up, I would like to ask:

What are typical transaction fees at the moment, and how is this likely to change as the number of bitcoins approaches its theoretical maximum of 21 million?


texts:
Is it better to mine in a virtual machine or on the desktop?

I'm mining for Bitcoins and Litecoins, and am wondering how I can get the most hashes per second without altering my hardware. If it matters, I am on a laptop. I see a couple of choices, such as:

Mining within a browser
Using a dedicated machine, separate partition, or a virtual machine
Mining using an app on a machine used for other things (your daily computer, used for surfing the web, gaming, etc.)

So far I have tried running GUI Miner while doing other stuff. This doesn't work out well and I end up with only 32khash/s. Which of the above is the most optimal for doing this, or is there an even better choice?

My Laptop Specs

------------------
System Information
------------------
       Machine name: SAMSUNG
   Operating System: Windows 8 64-bit (6.2, Build 9200) (9200.win8_gdr.130531-1504)
System Manufacturer: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.
       System Model: 520U4C/520U4X
               BIOS: P03RAL
          Processor: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3210M CPU @ 2.50GHz (4 CPUs), ~2.5GHz
             Memory: 8192MB RAM
Available OS Memory: 7894MB RAM
          Page File: 3598MB used, 5510MB available

---------------
Display Devices
---------------
          Card name: Intel(R) HD Graphics 4000
       Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
          Chip type: Intel(R) HD Graphics Family
           DAC type: Internal
        Device Type: Full Device
         Device Key: Enum\PCI\VEN_8086&DEV_0166&SUBSYS_C682144D&REV_09
     Display Memory: 1664 MB
   Dedicated Memory: 32 MB
      Shared Memory: 1632 MB
       Current Mode: 1366 x 768 (32 bit) (60Hz)
       Monitor Name: Generic PnP Monitor
         Monitor Id: SEC0200
        Native Mode: 1366 x 768(p) (60.072Hz)


texts: How do miners communicate in Bitcoin/ Decentralized Network?

texts:
1.)If there is no central authority maintaining database how miners differentiate among other miners.

2.)Do they have there own database which have details(Mac/IP address) of neighbouring miners .

3.)Decentralized system feels absurd when i was trying to create blueprint where i was thinking to create a downloadable executable program ( socket programming for intercommunication) but i got struck how would communication take place b/w miners,user.

4.)Can you give me a little insight that if i want to run any consensus program on 10 computers connected to internet how would it work .


texts: Is there any mechanism in Bitcoin that allows it to dynamically adapt to the flow of transactions?

texts:
I've read some books and articles on Bitcoin and feel like I've understood many of its concepts but I'm not able to find an answer to a question I've had for a long time:

How does the Bitcoin network adapt to an increased or decreased number of transactions per time interval?

I know that the network tries to constantly adjust the cryptographic difficulty so that new blocks are mined in 10 minute intervals on average. When the block size is limited, every block can only include a maximum number of transactions.

This means that miners need to prioritize some transactions over others (most likely those that pay the higher fees) when the number of incoming transactions per 10 min interval exceeds this maximum. When the number of incoming transaction decreases over time below this maximum, those unprocessed transactions (those with the lower fees) will be included in the next blocks.

But what happens if, over a longer period of time, the number of incoming transactions per 10 min interval never decreases?

Consequently, this would mean than all transactions with a fee that's not high enough never make it into the blockchain (or at least not for a very long time).

How does the Bitcoin network solve this problem?

(Surely, with increased adoption, there will be more than a couple hundred or thousand transactions every 10 min?)


texts: can Bitcoin transactions are included in multiple blocks?

texts: Once the transactions published to blockchain and are included in blocks by miners. In that case there seems a high probability that a single transaction published can be included in multiple blocks created by different miners? is it true


texts: How long does it take for an exchange to send me bitcoins?

texts:
I'm not sure I understand all of the bitcoin storage options

I know there are bitcoin addresses and bitcoin wallets

what is the relationship of an address to a wallet? is a wallet mandatory and a given when talking about any bitcoin storage option?

if I had an account at a bitcoin exchange, how could I quickly move those coins from the exchange to the same wallet that I am using to dump the coins I mine?

I might not be asking the right questions, because I am not sure about the relationship between the various storage options of bitcoins (wallet, exchanges)

I would like to understand this


texts: Bitcoin transactions from mining companies

texts:
So, I am mining bitcoins with a company called Genesis-mining. Every time I create an address with the purpose of receiving bitcoins from them, do I need to specify how many bitcoins I want to receive, since I do not have control of how many bitcoins will be created per day as far as my contract-mining goes?

Thank you.


texts:
Does anyone know how to reset everything in regtest mode?
I want to reset my balance and all transactions.


texts: Bitcoin wallet address format representation

texts:
I want to send coins from my ether wallet to another bitcoin wallet that I have got.
I entered my bitcoin wallet receiving address, but MyEtherWallet transaction convert it to another address format that starts with '0x' and I think it's hexadcimal.

How can I know for sure that this address is actually related to the address that I typed??
I am looking for external generator to verify myself that the receiving address that my boitcoin wallet displayed turned into the hexadecimal code they show


texts: What is the exact consensus protocol Ripple uses?

texts:
Ripple supposedly incorporates transactions into the ledger using a consensus protocol. I have been looking everywhere for a clear, formal, and precise specification of the protocol and could not find one.

Several related questions, e.g.,

What are the pros and cons of Ripple's consensus as compared with Bitcoin's proof-of-work?

and

How does Ripple solve the double-spend problem?

Only provide a vague description. More specifically, I am trying to understand the essence of the consensus: what happens if the Ripple network is split in half (for example if all communication lines between Europe and the US suddenly stop working), and each half of the network approves a ledger with a conflicting transaction. What happens when the network reconnects? How are the conflicting ledgers resolved?


texts:
As I know, there is a light node version called SPV.
for now I have started a full node and it has downloaded 82222 blocks, but I don't want to have a full node with full blockchain, my purpose is to have a node that provide me:

check balance or unspent amount for an address
sign and broadcast a transaction

is this possible?


texts: Send bitcoin raw transaction to network via webserver?

texts: What is the best way to send a raw transaction via a webserver, what role does a RPC play in this? Is a bitcoin-RPC used to send/transmit a raw transaction to the bitcoin network? Can the process of signing/creating a raw transaction be done with a RPC too? Assuming I attempt to transmit a signed raw transaction via a webserver to the bitcoin network, what do I have to keep in mind?


texts:
I am using bitcoin core library in node js.

const privateKey = new bitcore.PrivateKey('testnet');
const address = privateKey.toAddress('testnet);

When i console.log it, it get result as below. How can i extract the address part only? I try to use address.Address but it returns undefined

<Address: mmNeqV9HWKUDRUAVdknRKDPHyKYGpBEDzm, type: pubkeyhash, network: testnet>


texts: Is there a list of core Bitcoin committers?

texts: Where can I find a list of people that can commit directly to the github project?


texts: In theory if bitcoins were to be used by the majority of a population then could the issue arise of a drop in government funds as bitcoins are technically tax free as they is no way of tracking were the transaction is from or who its by.so my question is it possible to destroy a country's government via a large increase in bit coin usages assuming all businesses would be willing to pay employees and sell products via bitcoins?


texts: When no Bitcoins are left to be mined, how will the Blockchain continue to be validated?

texts:
Sorry, this may be noobily phrased.
My understanding was that each individual "miner" crosschecks and validates the overall blockchain, ensuring decentralized verification of the bitcoin transactions. The reward for devoting your processing power to this verification system is newly "min(t)ed" Bitcoins.

So, I'm wondering, when there are no Bitcoins left, as in it reaches 21 million (out of the ~15 million in circulation now), how will the blockchain transaction system be validated any more? As in, the reward incentive of getting a piece of newly hashed Bitcoins will be gone, so nobody would mine any more?

I figure there's something I'm missing, but from my limited understanding it sounds like the verification backbone of Bitcoin will be in trouble. I assume there's existing threads on this topic, I just am having trouble phrasing my question, so it's hard to search


texts: Claiming Bitcoin Cash - where did I go wrong?

texts:
I read multiple guides on how to 'claim' the BitcoinCash I'm apparently entitled to as a BTC holder.  I outline below the steps I took; but at the end of this process my Electron Cash default_wallet shows a 0 mBCC balance.  Please suggest where I might have gone wrong and what I can do about it:

In Bitcoin-Qt, generate a new receiving address
Send all my coins to the new receiving address

I started with 1.13BTC.  Now my Bitcoin-Qt wallet shows a balance of 1.129BTC and under 'recent transactions' it shows the Fee for the transaction.  The 'type' is 'Payment to yourself' and the Amount is -0.0023BTC

From the Transactions tab, I open the Details for this transaction.  It says 'Total debit -1.129BTC, Total credit 1.129BTC, Transaction ID 32...(64-digit hex string)'
At https://blockchain.info I entered the Transaction ID and see all the details.  I can see 4 Addresses on the Left and 1 Address on the Right (1JC...)
In Bitcoin-qt I go to Debug > Console and run dumpprivkey 1JC... with the full address.  It outputs a private key (50 characters, alpha-numeric)
I download and run Electron Cash 2.9.2, create a new default_wallet and 'Import Private Keys' pasting the 50-character private kay from the Bitcoin-Qt Debug output

Electron Cash shows the Public Address (1JC...) in the Addresses tab, with Balance 0, Tx 0

Bitcoin.info says the following about the transaction:

Inputs and Outputs

Total Input
1.13157047 BTC
Total Output
1.12926194 BTC
Fees
0.00230853 BTC


texts: Multibit security — How anonymous is it?

texts:
Hi and I hope someone here can answer these security questions for me.

I have downloaded the Multibit client onto both a windows laptop and also a separate download onto a laptop running ubuntu linux.

My questions are for both operating systems and they are:

When I am online and start the Multibit client is my IP address broadcast at anytime when I am using it such as when it syncs with the BTC network?
If I create say 10 wallets in the client and issue one receiving address from each wallet to ten different people so they can pay me, is it possible to see that all those addresses and wallets reside within the same Multibit client?
Can those addresses or wallets be traced back to either of my laptops and if so how can I stop this from happening?


texts: Do Lightning Channels have to be resolved before a certain time?

texts:
I seem to remember that Lightning channels could remain open indefinitely with the introduction of CLTV. Yet, I'm confronted with claims that they time out and coins are lost when they do.

This seems wrong, as when channels time out they should send back the money, and as I said above, I thought they could remain open. What is it?


texts:
I have some doubts about P2SH-P2WPKH BIP16.
I can read the witness program and I understand that a node is triggered when find 0 and 20 o 32 bytes in scriptSig or ScriptpubKey, more precisely:

If is P2WPKH nested in BIP16 P2SH node check inside scriptSig and search 0-20 bytes (witness program). the witness program must be uguale to redeem script. (address start with 3)

If is P2WPKH scriptSig must be empty. and the witness program is inside scriptPubKey (address start with bc1)

Here I have a P2WPKH nested in BIP16 P2SH transaction output. I can see 160014fdda5544c22213f51080d48da9521b452b99a92c in scriptsig.

  the question is:

For node > 0.13
is it a trigger the say to node, Hey, I'm a segwit transaction! check in Txinwitness!

For node < 0.13
Push ScriptSig inside and that's it, the transaction is ANYONE_CAN_SPEND

    {
  "txid": "1fef9c4f076c7dcd92b623bd68136938da4cac6f20fe5384e05c2856e6ec96cc",
  "hash": "df766b607caec934ce35fb0fad6d9caecdc376766135d6f76f5e5c0fad907815",
  "version": 2,
  "size": 215,
  "vsize": 134,
  "weight": 533,
  "locktime": 0,
  "vin": [
    {
      "txid": "5b263a77d64d1aa9d71335f31a46fa6e29212f164d14faea6e7340ae45f5efe6",
      "vout": 0,
      "scriptSig": {
        "asm": "0014fdda5544c22213f51080d48da9521b452b99a92c",
        "hex": "160014fdda5544c22213f51080d48da9521b452b99a92c"
      },
      "txinwitness": [
        "30440220341fd51d549c0ac8269e3711012c91dc4795bc70944ae4fbe77e0bb163977987022076150a459ec655082cae691833d205bb512e926b16511ec7ccf1785ca08476b001",
        "023bbedf4ba488bc1c0c422d14e8f5a151feeb14dae93e891d17489ec007b654ce"
      ],
      "sequence": 4294967295
    }
  ],
  "vout": [
    {
      "value": 49.991,
      "n": 0,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_HASH160 09731285fcf96b502243a34e2447ee9a9ffac839 OP_EQUAL",
        "hex": "a91409731285fcf96b502243a34e2447ee9a9ffac83987",
        "reqSigs": 1,
        "type": "scripthash",
        "addresses": [
          "2Mt7BvNshtjdEHRysNdaBi7T82nUCEVZjoW"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}


texts: Banning Bitcoin through packet filtering

texts:
There's been a lot of talk about governments banning Bitcoin.

In theoretical terms, this is possible but, how could a government effectively ban bitcoin through technological means? Are there packet filtering techniques which a government could impose on ISP's?

Similarly, could private networks such as universities or businesses filter and block bitcoin traffic?


texts:
I have BTC in my wallet but I lost my private key and I can't do transactions anymore.
How can I get a new private key or pass the BTC to another address?


texts:
I am running a full node and considering pruning to gain some disk space.

Does Bitcoin Core know how to prune the existing database or will it start the entire sync process over?

How much free disk space does the process require?

Will the pruned .dat file be deleted by the process?


texts: Why does this non-coinbase transaction not have a sender address?

texts:
This is the transaction in concern: https://blockchain.info/rawtx/6b1c57d98a557b5f578c02f6c386ef049df5890ebddd01d286bf345f47c5cecc

I think it is a transaction having nothing to do with coinbase because there is a prev_out field in the items in the input array. However, there is no field "addr" in the prev_out item, unlike this transaciton: https://blockchain.info/rawtx/304b90ea66d80652f2473c0b455bfa7775fa32b2de3f170c15bfe8e65c0a7adc
and most of the other transactions.

Is there any reason for lacking an "addr" field? Could this indicate some malpractice?


texts: How to get a balance from the network directly?

texts:
I was under the impression that I'd be able to get a balance from the network directly, not only by going through some http interface which wraps the server RPCs.
I am curious, is it possible to get a balance by hitting a node on the network directly? I've tried using curl to hit every node on the network already.
curl --data-binary '{"jsonrpc": "1.0", "id":"curltest", "method": "getbalance", "params": ["*", 6] }' -H 'content-type: text/plain;' http://${server}/

The documentation says to include the --user flag, so I believe this is why the calls fail.
If not, how is my Trezor able to operate independently? Does my Trezor depend on Trezor.com running a node?
Also, I am curious, some APIs must be open, for example a new node which wishes to sync must be able to fetch blocks from it's peers, but I see that getblock RPC also requires authorization, i.e. "curl --user"...
https://bitcoincore.org/en/doc/0.20.0/rpc/blockchain/getblock/
What APIs do nodes in the network expose directly? Any?
Thanks!


texts: Are there any blockchain implementations that are not based on the Bitcoin source code?

texts:
I wanted to code up a blockchain from scratch using C++. So I got around to looking at some existing blockchain source code to get some ideas. But all I can find is the Bitcoin source or forks of it.

Are there any blockchain implementations out there that are not based on the Bitcoin source code?


texts: Why does the block explorer show a different fee rate than what I selected in my wallet app?

texts: I know this could have something to do with the fact that I was sending from a lightning wallet, but I would like to know why the transaction on blockchain.com shows my fee as being ~6.5 sats per byte when I selected 10 sats/byte as I sent the transaction.


texts: Full node storage requirements for new 2MB block which is only 10% full

texts:
If blocks were 2MB, and a 2MB block that is only 10% full gets confirmed, then how much additional storage is required on a full node?

I am guessing the correct answer here is 200K?

Thanks in advance for any guidance in this matter.


texts: If bitcoin was created years earlier, would we see the same rate of mining hardware evolution?

texts:
It seems like there has been a steady progression from CPU mining, to GPU, FPGA, and now ASIC, and it all happened in a relatively small amount of time.

If bitcoin was created in say, 2005 instead of 2009, and popularity grew at the same demand, would we likely see FPGA/ASIC hardware years earlier than we did, or would this be highly improbable at the time due to the then current technology?


texts: How to unstuck a low-fee transaction with Electrum?

texts:
I've sent a transaction with Electrum, but accidentally included too little fee. What can I do to speed up the transaction's confirmation or to replace it?

This is a complementary question to Why is my transaction not getting confirmed and what can I do about it? which answers the question's broader implications and proposes mitigation mostly focused on Bitcoin Core.


texts: Is there a browser extension that works similarly to Ethereum's Metamask? I am wondering that if there isn't one, is it because of some technical limitation, or that just no one has gotten around to developing one.


texts: How do I debug Taproot functional tests using pdb?

texts:
I am looking at the some of the Taproot functional tests such as feature_taproot.py to review the open Taproot PR.
I would like to use pdb to debug these tests. Can you provide some guidance on how to do this?


texts: Transferring bitcoins out of an old multibit wallet

texts:
A few years ago I bought bitcoins and I've kept it in a Multibit 0.5.15 (Mac OSX) wallet. Now I want to either sell thes bitcoins or send it to a different wallet. I already made a transfer but since I can't manually specify a higher fee in this old Multibit app my transfer stays on pending/unconfirmed.

My question is, how do I transfer this money? Is there any way to export either my wallet or transfer my money to another wallet?

Also I have no idea what to do with this pending transaction. I see no way to cancel it in Multibit 0.5.15.

Any help appreciated!


texts: Installed Bitcoin-QT on windows2008r2 server, but it won't snyc anything at all

texts:
Installed Bitcoin-QT on windows2008r2 server, but it won't sync anything at all. No connections to network, no blocks, no movement full stop. I have OK'd it in windows firewall, tried connecting through the socks proxy option / turned socks off - no dice - added nodes in bitcoin.conf file etc. Everything I can think of, I have no doubt its probably a server issue - but I still have no idea what to do! It's just doing literally nothing - any ideas? I set TCP and UDP rules, which were auto created in firewall, to allow all ports to the client.

It says, in the client:-

No connections to the network available. Catching up, processed 0 of 250000.

Thx in advance.


texts: Is it possible to have an account which is linked to another. For example i have an account with 0 address and i have another one with 1 address, I want to if someone send bitcoin to 1, the bitcoin go to 0, and i want to it would be possible to me to see 1 transactions.


texts: Blockchain wallet showing 0 however app showing balance

texts:
So my blockchain desktop wallet is showing 0 balance whoever if o go in to the app i can see my bitcoin wallet balance. When again i click on the wallet it goes back to 0 in the app for some reason. Then if i go in to transfer within the blockachain app, my balance is shown in ROI Bitcoin. I try to send From Roi to my BTC wallet and it also shows my total spendable balance but once i want to proceed after following the recomended fee by the app i get this typ of error message Transaction Failed, i then clock on the info and it comes up with Attempt to invoke virtual method intjava.lang.string.length() on null object reference.
I have now run out of options and what is the most suspicious for me is that Blockchain support have been responding to my emails and have been asking me for different screenshots which sounded as they were actually investigating this however now they have just been ghosting me for weeks, If i submitt a new support ticket they respond but then again after realising its me again they ignore any of my emails.
Please can you someone came across this situation where Wallet balance was showing the amount within the App as ROI but werent able to use the coins and in the desktop app it is balance 0 ?
I litteraly do know who to go to since support are ignoring me.
Thanks


texts:
i have this problem two payments not go through  with bitcoin core
Bitcoin Core version v0.11.2 (64-bit)

so what is going on ??

Status: 0/unconfirmed
Date: 6/12/2016 01:38
To: 1H9ZLnP6QiwQ7aZYETZ46S4vwQnBX1sGxB
Debit: -0.00380000 BTC
Net amount: -0.00380000 BTC
Transaction ID: de79ea7cf8b3c1b62e084c5f07bbd7853e081ffb021ec0039a8300a213deb798-000

Status: 0/unconfirmed
Date: 6/12/2016 18:33
To: 1BQZvu1bmHtmYEuZG7D5yUKfLRfvfZ8DJC
Debit: -0.01410100 BTC
Transaction fee: -0.00001952 BTC
Net amount: -0.01412052 BTC
Transaction ID: 0a7c04048968a7216a09b636fcad69ce6ff2d40b93cb6d5f0adb60724fd08082-000
Merchant: bitpay.com


texts: Can a closed source wallet ever be completely trust-less?

texts:
Open source Bitcoin wallets are clearly in demand for obvious reasons. Users want to know what the code is intended to do and what may be possible.

Is it even possible for closed source wallets to be completely trustless (meaning I do not need to trust anyone other than myself to keep my Bitcoin secure)? How can this be verified without seeing the source code of the hardware or software wallet?


texts: Is SegWit a step in the direction toward implementing pegged sidechains into Bitcoin?

texts: Is Segregated Witness a step in the direction toward implementing pegged sidechains into Bitcoin?