texts: What causes the wallet functions to be disabled?

texts:
I have run bitcoind as a server on one host. On a second host, I have configured bitcoin-cli to interact with bitcoind.  However, all wallet commands are now disabled with this new configuration.  When I run simple commands such as:

bitcoin-cli listaccounts

or

bitcoin-cli getaccountaddress "new_account"

I get:

error: {"code":-32601,"message":"Method not found (disabled)"}

When I call any other bitcoin-cli method that does not involve wallets, I get a normal response.

What is happening?  What causes the wallet functionality to be disabled?

The configuration file reads as follows:

server=1
rpcuser=jared
rpcpassword=1234
rpcport=8332
rpcallowip=192.168.0.0/16
gen=0
prune=600


texts: Why is 'p2pkh:' prepended at the beginning of private key addresses in electrum?

texts: I recently started a Blockchain course and came across the electrum software. While going through the list of wallet addresses and associated private keys I found that  'p2pkh' is placed at the start of every private key, why is that?


texts:
What if a miner starts to generate a new block hash based on trans data,latest block hash , timestamp and nonce  , then in the middle of the work a new block has been added by another miner.
in this case will the block be invalid as it hold a previous hash value which is not the latest block ?


texts: How to generate an output address from output scrips which start with 0x00?

texts:
A few days ago, I got a BITCOIN traffic which contains some tx message.
some of tx messages contain witness data.
I want to produce all output addresses from transaction output scripts.
I extracted some of them, but in some cases, generated output address however seems to be valid,  but I can't track them in some sites like

https://www.blockchain.com

as an example, in tx output script which is showed below, how I can extract True address?

00142f82e61a98eb7027672760c691784d5fbccf7ce3

it seems a script which has op_code = 0x00 and push data length = 0x14.


texts: How does proof of work inspire trust when the work is just guessing?

texts: I'm struggling to understand the value added by machines guessing at inputs to create a hash below a target value in order to produce a proof of work. I understand the proof of work is somehow supposed to inspire trust in the distributed record of transactions. How? Why should someone winning a lottery cause me to have trust in a blockchain?


texts: I have blockchain wallet but have lost the private keys of it, is tr any way to restore my private keys. Plz help


texts: Why do most HD wallets require choosing either all Segwit or all Legacy but Bitcoin Core can support both simultaneously?

texts:
Electrum and the mobile wallets I've used can only support one type of address per HD wallet, but Bitcoin Core can support both at the same time.

Is that simply a choice that Bitcoin Core made or is there something unique about Bitcoin Core in this case since it's a full-node wallet?


texts: Obtaining historical orphaned blocks (chaintips) without old node

texts:
I'm attempting to do some research surrounding orphaned blocks within the Bitcoin network. From my understanding the best and really only way to obtain data for blocks that no longer exist in the main chain/branch (including orphaned blocks) is to execute the getchaintips RPC command. This command appears to be dependent on how long the specific node has been running (as blocks that are not in the main chain have no reason to be downloaded to newer nodes).

Unfortunately, I no longer have access to the node or data I had setup in 2013 and therefore I have a limited set of orphaned blocks to deal with (my current node is only several months old).

Alternatively, I've ran this command on an online RPC query here but the earliest recorded block height is 283,421. Luckily, this also allows me to query getblock and actually view the information from the discarded blocks, but does not list any blocks before 283,421 (Mined in January of 2014).

The online block explorer Blockchain.info keeps track of orphaned blocks but sadly they only go back to block #291,122.

While doing a bit of googling, I was able to find more of an "extensive" list on PasteBin which dates back to block height 179,641. However, I cannot use getblock on any of these hashes from my node as it was not in existence when these blocks were originally mined.

My question: Are there any ways to query blocks that have been discarded or orphaned without requiring a node old enough to witness them?


texts: Using a dedicated phone as "hardware wallet"

texts:
Is there anything inherently insecure about using a dedicated Android phone as a "hardware wallet"?
A dedicated phone implies:

a clean ROM without gapps, e.g. GrapheneOS, Lineage OS without root, etc

full phone encryption enabled

no other apps installed apart from a wallet app such as Mycelium, Breadwallet, GreenBits, Samurai, etc.

I realize that the majority of Android phones don't have (yet) a secure element like trezor or ledger devices, and that system apps might have unlimited privileges, but what are the main issues or specific attack vectors to be aware of in such a setup as compared to dedicated hardware wallets?
My understanding is that physical access to a trezor or ledger is useless if the attackers don't have the pin or passphrase and that these devices are built in such a way as to make hardware extraction of private keys impossible or financially unfeasible.
Is a comparable level of security achievable with an Android device with full phone encryption?
Also, does setting a pin code in a software Android wallet mean that the private keys are actually going to be encrypted or is the pin just for opening the UI?
Any data on which wallet apps protect the keys in a way which makes their extraction impossible without the pin code/fingerprint?
Resources

https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/guide-tweaks-android-security-hardening.1954513/

https://www.reddit.com/r/GrapheneOS/comments/bddq5u/os_security_ios_vs_grapheneos_vs_stock_android/

https://www.reddit.com/r/privacytoolsIO/comments/6kyteo/aside_from_copperheados_what_is_the_best_android/


texts: In Bitcoin Qt, what does "Message" mean in the request payment form?

texts:
In Bitcoin Qt, if I go to "Receive" and right click on an address, one of the options is to "Show QR Code" for an address. Below the QR code, there is a form looks like this:

[ ] Request payment
Amount: ____ BTC
Label: ____
Message: ____

My question is: what does the "Message" field do?


texts: Testing `avoidpartialspends` option in Bitcoin Core

texts:
I have lot of UTXOs in a test wallet (Bitcoin Core v0.21.1). Sent random amounts to same address in 9 transactions. So tb1qyqd9p9d2rc5a9v6cphucn999ljfcvdhymthypy has 9 UTXOs:

Saved avoidpartialspends=1 in bitcoin.conf
Tried sending 0.051 BTC to tb1q57fjyqp3qu9s83eyu4qvy7hzuncg4t0c58t8cm
Why does coin selection algorithm select 63 other inputs from wallet instead of using 9 from tb1qyqd9p9d2rc5a9v6cphucn999ljfcvdhymthypy in 13eda62acf58fdcb5a34565f993d7af856b54f69c9c73c83db97bf8111c46148? This selection was neither based on privacy nor fees. Using 9 inputs could have saved fees, join several outputs from the reused address and send change amount to a new address.


texts: Is it possible that someone forks the chain?

texts:
I'm not sure I understood everything but all the clients always keep the longest chain, ok.
So, what happens if an evil person injects bad transactions in a block and successfully mine it (given the difficulty, the probability is extremely low, but let's imagine), how is the network gonna answer?


texts: How to create different paper wallets for different currencies?

texts:
I have several different currencies (on exchange) right now and would like to move them to paper wallet.

1) Do I have to have a different wallet for each currency?

2) Are the algorithms for creating (prv, pub) different for each currency, or is it possible just to create a different pair with the same algorithm (e.g just create different pairs with bitaddress.org)

Thanks a lot!


texts: What is the difference between Gridseed ASIC and Scrypt ASIC

texts:
If you mine in wemineltc pool you have probably noticed that there are two different stratum server for ASIC miners
here are the urls

So my question is that what is the difference between an gridseed asic and scrypt acis miner ???

And I will be thankful if you explain me that what is gridseed mean exactly


texts: What is the difference between a miner and a full node?

texts:
I have trouble finding the difference between a full node and a miner. It looks like these two names are used interchangeably which I think is not entirely correct. Miners do process blocks and full nodes verify if transactions which has been packed in the block by miners are all valid. Some can run a full node without running the mining software.

I know a lot of people who think that miners and full nodes are one and the same.

Thank you for your help.


texts: Are there algorithms that could be used for mining that resist acceleration with ASICs?

texts:
In my related question about mining algorithms that balance CPU and GPU it came up that such an algorithm would tremendously increase the incentive for people to create mining botnets. The prospect of a 51% attack by a botnet is not a good one.

However, the algorithms typically used by Bitcoin and related currencies still have the problem that ASIC mining may be so efficient that someone who develops an ASIC and keeps it strictly to themselves could outmine everyone else. This could easily mean a 51% attack by a well-funded adversary.

One possible solution would be a mining algorithm that was inefficient on CPUs but could not be made significantly (orders of magnitude) more efficient with an ASIC. Perhaps an algorithm that requires a moderate amount of memory that would be practical for a GPU to have but not very practical to locate on an ASIC. Perhaps an algorithm that would consume a very large number of gates on an ASIC.

Does anyone know any algorithms that meet the requirements for mining (easily verified on CPU hardware) that don't encourage botnets by working very efficiently on CPUs and don't encourage well-funded adversaries to launch 51% attacks by working very efficiently on ASICs. An algorithm that worked well on common GPUs but couldn't easily be accelerated massively by ASICs would do, I think. Am I missing something?


texts: What to look for in Bitcoin-core logfile when something bad happens

texts:
About a week ago I was trying to reorganise my file structure with Bitcoin Core, I accidentally moved the file before listing it as a backup so when I opened Core, it didn't work.
I tried returning the files to the same location but that didn't work so I reinstalled it and tried to open my wallet but it would freeze up as soon as I would click the "Open Wallet" button. I then synced it up to date but the issue persists.
I have seen a suggestion to read the log but honestly I'm not sure what I'm looking for.


texts: Can a Bitcoin node send messages to a program on the same machine?

texts: I`m currently programming some TCP communication in my custom Bitcoin client. I am wondering if it is possible for the official client to communicate with it if they are sitting on the same machine? For example, if I'd send a version message to localhost:8333 claiming my return address is localhost:8332, will the standard client respond as if it was communicating with a node on the internet?


texts: I mistakenly sent BTC (Bitcoin) from Coinbase to BCD (Bitcoin Diamond) at my Atomic Wallet, can i get it back?

texts:
I put in a support ticket with Atomic Wallet and they provided me with the address where the funds are, but said they were not aware of a way to get the funds back. They directed me to ask the crypto community for advice.
Is it lost? Any direction would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks!


texts: Online wallet to redeem pre-fork paper wallet for both Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash

texts: I have BTC (pre-fork) and now BCH(BCC) on a paper wallet. What's the best online wallet to transfer them into to ensure I retain both coins and also to be able to transact with them?


texts: How do I get bitcoin price without any external source?

texts:
I have searched the Internet for solution but could not find the one I was looking for.

I want to get bitcoin price (in usd) without using any external website (meaning not getting the price using api or something)

I want to "calculate" it myself, since there are websites who display their bitcoin price and it's slightly different from other websites I guess they found the price from their own.

How can I find the bitcoin price by myself?


texts: How to sweep a segwit bech32 private key?

texts:
I'm testing segwit bech32 addresses and generated the following using bitcoinjs:

address: bc1qc7u5njf4nf2rj3zys642mfc7nct6kdven8j4e9

private key: 5Kkzs8XrJNAmf9VQDFeGBfaRvSByAvPK6DbDXw5BVqswWaXSG2Y

When I import this private key into electrum 3.0.5, it imports it as the following address: 1KD3SE71kGAcxw57BvcmUzsHwx3QxdPBW7

How do I go about sweeping funds from the bc1... address if electrum 3.0.5 sees the legacy format address instead?


texts:
From Bitcoin.org

  The peer-to-peer network allows block time to be up to two hours ahead of real time, so a locktime transaction can be added to the blockchain up to two hours before its time lock officially expires.

Why does the bitcoin blockchain allow blocks to have timestamps 2 hours ahead of real time (the real world clock time on a node)? What is the advantage of doing this?


texts: Multisig: How to identify who (public key/address) has signed the transaction?

texts:
I have seen that someone had asked a similar question:
Possible to check who signed the transaction in a multi-sig transaction case?

But I'm currently unable to parse/read the redeem script. When I use the blockdozer API to get the details of the transaction I obtain the "hex" and "asm".

How do I need to parse the "hex" to identify who has signed the transaction?
Please find below the transaction ID (it's a Bitcoin Cash transaction, but I believe the multisig part would be the similar): 3a91cd0a55270972d12a42156a24c6a318c39fedce942f2ff28114d63fda5aad

Any help is highly appreciated.

blockdozer.com/api/tx/3a91cd0a55270972d12a42156a24c6a318c39fedce942f2ff28114d63fda5aad


texts: What is P2PK, P2PKH, P2SH, P2WPKH - ELI5

texts:
Explain like I'm 5 years old and my other half of the brain is surgically removed :) I don't want to put a lot of stress on my brain

Also what is the difference between BTC held in P2SH and Unspent P2SH Output here?

https://p2sh.info/dashboard/db/home-dashboard?orgId=1


texts: How to get public key from a Electrum based wallet?

texts:
I have created a wallet with Electrum. Now I want to get the public key (not the address, but the public key for key-derivation).

How can I achieve that?


texts:
From Mastering bitcoin:
Merkle trees are used extensively by SPV nodes. SPV nodes don’t have all transactions and do not download full blocks, just block headers. In order to verify that a transaction is included in a block, without having to download all the transactions in the block, they use an authentication path, or merkle path.

Who gives SPV nodes merkle path to do validation for small subset of transaction?
Please share detailed flow.


texts:
I`ve got one really basic but still important question that is very confusing:
Does the newly created transaction needs to be propagated to ALL nodes in the network in order to be validated?
Lets suppose I have made some payment and it needs to be added to the mempool of few miners to be included in the next block. How many nodes must validate that transaction so that it will be added to the mempool?
Thanks in advance!


texts: I made a few transfers from a btc free mining app 4 times each for 500000 satoshi and it said it would take 10 days to show up in my coinbase wallet, but nothing yet.can I somehow track the transactions so I don't lose 2000000 satoshi?


texts: ￼The computer reinstalled the system, and then downloaded the bitcoin core again. I forgot my wallet, and then the exchange transferred the previous wallet address. Can I still retrieve it?


texts: Spreading reward of a block over the miners proceeding it

texts:
Say I want to implement a rewarding scheme that spreads the reward of a block over its own miner and the miners that build on top of it. Is it possible?

More concretely, say each of my blocks bring 10 BTC(Coinbase+Tx fee). Let's say a miner mines a block. I'd like him to receive only 5 BTC. Whenever someone else mines on top of his block, I'd like him to receive the remaining 5 BTC.

Can one create a cryptocurrency like this by adjusting the generation tx and ensure no one can steal others reward?


texts: How to get correct block details url with block height on blockchain.info

texts:
I need to generate urls to block details page of blockchain.info when I have block height as input but cant find the relationship between block height and the number they are using in the url.

Eg: For block 273294 the url is https://blockchain.info/block-index/335666 which contains the number 335666 instead of 273294. So how to convert 273294 to 335666.

Any help in conversion is appreciated.
Regards


texts: Are transactions with the same ScriptSig a security problem?

texts:
For instance while looking at the transaction stack of my address, tracing it to exchanges I use, I came across this:

https://www.blockchain.com/btc/tx/543f319e52123528847681ffc62941219196983b6b2daa51aa7fd44c9bc5c981

ScriptSig: PUSHDATA(34)[0020431a072cb6352277b34d2bd4b7963939c37c2f121feb288106f64369eb1467d6]

The same ScriptSig occurs twice on this page within the same transaction?

I know reading years ago in paper by someone was outlining how you can derive the private key from the scriptsig but I remember you need to have way more data in the field...in other words: the value between two inputs should match but there were other different values? Here it's just the exact same string but occuring twice?

aka, example of signature I am sure it's hackable:

(some header data) + (vulnerable data that occurs in other inputs) + (some more data)

very dumbed-down example:

00207777777777777777777777777123123 <- input1;
00217777777777777777777777777000000 <- input2

then by doing some simple math people can get the private key from input1 and input2 (multiplying/dviding etc, forgot how it worked just because the middle is the same of both inputs).

I have no idea what is 'witness' either, guessing miner who confirmed it?


texts: Where is the New button in the Receiving Addresses windows of bitcoin core 0.17.0?

texts: I'm not imaging this right - the New button in Receiving Addresses of bitcore core has just disappeared in 0.17.0?


texts: How to calculate coin supply at each block height from all transactions?

texts:
We are working on a small project and imported all block information to mongoDB. Right now we're aiming to calculate the coin supply regarding to the block number.

My plan is to loop through all transactions per block and parse vout and vin. However, I'm not sure how to distinguish mined coins and previously existing coins transferred users. Plus, how to account for transaction fees?
Can I track only "valueOut" and that's all?

{
   "txid":"0e3e2357e806b6cdb1f70b54c3a3a17b6714ee1f0e68bebb44a74b1efd512098",
   "version":1,
   "locktime":0,
   "vin":[
      {
         "coinbase":"04ffff001d0104",
         "sequence":4294967295,
         "n":0
      }
   ],
   "vout":[
      {
         "value":"50.00000000",
         "n":0,
         "scriptPubKey":{
            "hex":"410496b538e853519c726a2c91e61ec11600ae1390813a627c66fb8be7947be63c52da7589379515d4e0a604f8141781e62294721166bf621e73a82cbf2342c858eeac",
            "asm":"0496b538e853519c726a2c91e61ec11600ae1390813a627c66fb8be7947be63c52da7589379515d4e0a604f8141781e62294721166bf621e73a82cbf2342c858ee OP_CHECKSIG",
            "addresses":[
               "12c6DSiU4Rq3P4ZxziKxzrL5LmMBrzjrJX"
            ],
            "type":"pubkeyhash"
         },
         "spentTxId":null,
         "spentIndex":null,
         "spentHeight":null
      }
   ],
   "blockhash":"00000000839a8e6886ab5951d76f411475428afc90947ee320161bbf18eb6048",
   "blockheight":1,
   "confirmations":601155,
   "time":1231469665,
   "blocktime":1231469665,
   "isCoinBase":true,
   "valueOut":50,
   "size":134
}

Any help would be appreciated!


texts: Which parts of a bitcoin script are embedded in the blockchain?

texts:
I assume the scriptPubKey is contained in a UTXO, and therefore embedded in the blockchain. Since, this is the script used to unlock the input.

Is a scriptSig also embedded in the blockchain? Or is it only held in memory by miners to verify signatures before confirming a block, then discarded?


texts: Blockchain.info may have created a bad private key

texts:
A few weeks back, a client wanted to pay me in bitcoin so I created an account at blockchain.info.  The transaction went through and the coins show in my account.

When I tried to use it however, I got an error message saying "Private key does not match bitcoin address."  I tried working with the blockchain.info support but they kept stealth closing the ticket on me.

At this point, I tried exporting the private keys from blockchain and importing to another site  (coinkite).  The coinkite import private key routine resolved the private key of blockchain.info to different public addresses.  I'm out of options so I figured I'd pose this problem to the forum.

Thanks in advance for any help.


texts: For the Avalon 741, would a suitable PSU be the Leadex II 1200W?

texts: It is remarkably difficult to get the suggested EVGA SuperNOVA 1300 W PSU to the UK. I am wondering if this PSU would be likely a reasonable alternative.


texts: Trade Execution v.s. Trade Execution Update

texts:
Using the Bitfinex WebSocket API I am subscribing to trades.

The data I receive looks like this:

  chanId  msgType tradeID   Timestamp      Amount     Price
[ 139260, 'te', [ 73962571, 1507383025000, 97.628437, 0.503 ] ]
[ 139260, 'tu', [ 73962571, 1507383025000, 97.628437, 0.503 ] ]

te = Trade Execution

tu = Trade Execution Update

As stated by the Abbreviations Glossary

What I do not understand is that for the same tradeId I first get a te message and then a moment later a tu message. There is no difference in content of these messages, so what is the purpose of the tu message?

What is the difference between a Trade Execution and a Trade Execution Update?


texts: What is scriptpubkey for in the coinbase transaction ? (and more..)

texts:
I'm about to mine and I reached a part when I want to generate the coinbase transaction.
I won't complicate things by putting in the new block transactions and getting the fees for them.
All that matters is to mine a block (seems that the coinbase transaction is counted as 1 transaction for the whole block? True?)
Take a look at this PHP function and check the comments (let me know if I'm wrong somewhere)
function coinbase_gen($block_height){         //(decimal)$block_height would be the last official block number +1
$ver='01000000';                             // seems that this version won't change anytime soon?
$i_count='01';                              // In that situation it is always 01?
$txid='0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000';   //always as well
$vout='ffffffff';                          // always?

$coin_nextbytes=dechex(strlen($block_height)/2);

$block_height=SwapEndianess(dechex($block_height)); //reassign the height to VarInt
$sig=$coin_nextbytes.$block_height."f48616f4254432f53756e204368756e2059753a205a6875616e67205975616e2c2077696c6c20796f75206d61727279206d653f2f06fcc9cacc19c5f278560300";
$sig_size=dechex(strlen($sig)/2);

$sequence='ffffffff';                 // Some people put 0000000 in here.. Why?
$o_count='01';
$o_value='40be402500000000';          //6.25 BTC !!!
$pubkeysize='19';
$script_pubkey='76a914bfd3ebb5485b49a6cf1657824623ead693b5a45888ac'; //Please answer..
$locktime='00000000'; // Seems good
return $ver.$i_count.$txid.$vout.$sig_size.$sig.$sequence.$o_count.$o_value.$pubkeysize.$script_pubkey.$locktime;
}
coinbase_gen((int)$last_blockn); // just example how I'll generate it.

As you can see I have many questions in the code, but I need to know about that $script_pubkey. Some blog posted it as example to mine,but I feel that any bitcoin mined will reward $script_pubkey which is somebodies wallet public key (encrypted) ? OR this does not matter for the coinbase transaction and when I submit the block with bitcoind RPC it will make sure that it will go to my wallet?
This is important to know. Thanks.


texts:
I am looking at BIP 109.
It said, "The existing MAX_SIGOPS limit of 20,000 signature operations per block shall be retained, but only ECDSA verifications actually performed to validate the block shall be counted."
What do MAX_SIGOPS and signature operations stand for?


texts: Does Decentralized Cryptocurrency Exchange work for Bitcoin?

texts: I know ETH works because it has a smart contract feature, what about Bitcoin?


texts: How particular node is searched in Merkle tree?

texts:
Suppose I have Merkle Tree with Transactions 'A','B','C','D','E','F' and I want to know how to check if particular transaction i.e 'A' exists in a Tree or not ?.
And if it is present then how to traverse using root hash to the node with transaction 'A' ?


texts:
I found one more address link in my zebpay wallet is called bch address. But I don't know what is it.

What is meaning of bch address?
Where to get bch address?
Where to use bch address?


texts: How does Peercoin (or other PoS) prevent timestamp forging effecting hash attempts or random minting?

texts:
I understand that every second the timestamp & potential transactions is hashed.

I guess there exists a "start time" on the block chain we can't roll the clock before because transactions with timestamps already exist on the chain.  But could we roll back say just a few minutes? Could this gain us anything?

Anyway, even if we can't roll back in time, could we edit the program to try as many hashes as possible every second.  For example, suppose we try 100 times to hash instead of once, for a given second, we then broadcast the block.  Would other nodes on the network accept the block, even though it will be a little late?  Do other nodes on the network use some API to get the actual time? Surely the system must allow a fudge factor to account for the latencies?

Even if they do reject, what about this: time is 5 seconds past six, we then repeatedly try to hash the 10 second timestamp - we get 5 whole seconds to do this.  If we succeed and no one else has, we can broadcast the block.

Basically, in the PoW system it's provably impossible to gain an advantage without buying more hardware - a node can tamper with code and clocks as much as they want, they won't get an advantage.  It's not clear to me how PoS systems are protected, since they must rely on code integrity & clocks?

Similarly could minting be tricked? If it uses a random number generator, where does this random number come from? Can it be forged?

I'm a technical guy, so happy for fully technical explanations - no holding back! :)


texts: Why can't bech32 addresses be mixed case?

texts: I know that they cannot be mixed case due to their BIP but what was the intention behind this idea and would it be problematical to convert a mixed case bech32 address to a lower/upper case bech32 address?


texts:
I have a freebsd server with a bitcoind server. But the blockchain is getting to large for me. So I just bought some new sas drives so I can keep it up. I now have 218GB of total space. 40GB is for the OS, programs and all files. The rest is for the blockchain(178GB). I do not want to buy more SAS drives than I have now.

I am afraid that the blockchain will get to big again in 1 or 2 years.
Is there a way to reduce the blockchain size or is there a cryptocurrency where this problem is solved?


texts: Safely transferring bitcoins from wallet.dat to cold storage

texts:
A similar question was asked by me in 2014, but I did not find the answer satisfactory back then, and I hope some things changed since in the last two or so years.

I have a wallet.dat file with some bitcoins on it. I would like to move the bitcoins on the file to an offline paper wallet.

Is there a convenient way to make the transaction without connecting the computer with the wallet.dat file to the internet?


texts: Can I buy/sell a lot of bitcoins without moving the price?

texts:
I am curious about how to acquire a lot of bitcoins (or similarly move a lot of bitcoins) without hitting the bid/ask

I don't care about blockexplorer, I am just curious about price discovery

are there any darkpools? could I just use an illiquid exchange and personally contact the counterparty and have them take the trade

options would be good too, this would make acquiring bitcoins at a certain strike easier as this is already a negotiation between the person on the other side of the contract


texts: What transactions didn't make it to the Bitcoin blockchain?

texts:
Bitcoin,I want to transfer some Amount so I broadcast a transaction that is picked up by miners. So if my transaction get's in 2 different currently processing blocks by different miners and one of them is mined into the blockchain, the second miner's block is dropped.

My transaction did, but also some transactions did not make it to
the mined block.

How does the protocol know which transactions made it and which didn't? Another way of asking, how is a transaction "marked" as mined so if it's still floating in the p2p network, miners know that this transaction is already in the blockchain.


texts:
Is it possible to embed an amount of BTC in a QR code to transfer to whoever scans it?

E.g. I create a QR code for .5 BTC from my wallet, send the QR code to someone (without knowing their BTC wallet address), they scan it using their wallet app and receive it?


texts: If BTCUSD Price Drops Far Enough Are Transaction Fees Enough Incentive for Miners?

texts:
There are some media reports that state that if the BTCUSD exchange ratio drops far enough, say below $5k per BTC, that mining will no longer be profitable. But, I do not see how this makes sense given that once bitcoin reaches 21 million coins the incentive for miners is limited to the transaction fee.

Wouldn't the transaction fees for mining simply go up to cover the cost of mining?


texts: Graceful way to stop bitcoind in Docker container?

texts:
When I issue docker stop <id>, the process doesn't exit cleanly and bitcoind has to roll-forward blocks on the next startup.

018-03-04 04:15:25 Rolling forward 0000000000000000001728efc81b210835048a7321ba3ec93197f698fac080ab (511863)
2018-03-04 04:15:26 Rolling forward 0000000000000000002be2e2792facd65e2358f874bc48f6410b80ecc8a6e756 (511864)
2018-03-04 04:15:26 Rolling forward 0000000000000000004740c4832b47a1c852db87cf4b9aea559db8712d2971a5 (511865)

This seems to be an issue with the dbcache not being written to disk prior to exit. I'm not sure if it's issuing a SIGTERM and then SIGKILL.

What is the best way to stop bitcoind to prevent any database related issues?


texts: Why the block's order in blockxxxxx.dat is different from blockchain.info

texts:
I parsed the block00000.dat using python code:

class BlockFile:
  def __init__(self, block_filename):
    self.block_filename = block_filename
    self.blockchain = open(block_filename, 'rb', buffering=16*1024*1024)

  def get_next_block(self):
    while True:
      block = Block(self.blockchain)
      if block.is_ready:
        yield block
      else:
        break

The full code is
https://github.com/keviny/bitcoin-block-parser/blob/master/block.py

It is very strange that the order of block in block00000 in different from the number in blockchain.info.

For example:
....
258 00000000613da6433c0f6c61d8bcb17c39603dd4a8595142359905b18b84edcd
259 000000007964a0e8b97bbea93e937c63d4097c42ccb4db464b1ab3047c62869c
260 000000001a748e1c97226c59b9ddf79a54e0857116808a1b5610a52aef4ed5b5
261 0000000025f2bb2ee58597083e13079899ecc6f2bb7e8bfd57e66b324b05d654
262 00000000d80530efa37319e4b4508b0759fdab8ea8a81272cbe8986881489507
....

The # in blockchain.info is:
258->block #257 (it is ok, because we use different start)
259->block #281
260->block #258
261->block #282
262->block #297

Is this by design, and I need to iterate all the blocks in block0000.dat, then sort by the time in blockheader to get the right block order?


texts: Meaning, if more people mine Primecoin, does it get harder to mine? From what I understand, it shouldn't, but I want to be sure.


texts: What is the size and weight of a P2WPKH input?

texts: I'm investigating diverging P2WPKH input size calculations on two Bitcoin projects and some blog posts. I'm looking for a detailed explanation of the exact weight, vsize and serialized length of a P2WPKH input, in the same vein as How big is the input of a P2PKH transaction?.


texts: What is the smallest fee you can pay for an on chain transaction?

texts:
From what I understand, the smallest fee you can pay to miners per transaction is 1 Sat/byte.

With a basic Bitcoin transaction being roughly 250 bytes that would obviously mean the fee is 250 sats. Would there be a way to pay 1 sat for the entire transaction? Or anything less than 1 sat/byte?

Here is a list of what it would cost for a 1 sat/byte transaction at different bitcoin prices:

Price: $7,500 --- Trans Fee: $0.0187 ≈ $0.02
Price: $100,000 --- Trans Fee: $0.25
Price: $1,000,000 --- Trans Fee: $2.50
Price: $10,000,000 --- Trans Fee: $25.00

If you cannot pay less than 1 sat/byte then, it would effectively make on chain scaling uneconomical (Bitcoin Cash). Let alone the technical implications.


texts: How to move in and out of wallets cheaply and fast?

texts:
So... Trezor has ridiculously high fee for "normal" speed of transferring money. If I select cheapest transfer version, it takes more than 2 days.

Is there a way to transfer money between a crypto-wallet (such as Trezor Wallet) and an exchange (such as GDAX) quickly AND cheaply?

Otherwise this safe storage seems like a big limiting step in quick-response trading.


texts: Is Litecoin classified as either a hard fork or soft fork? If neither, what is considered as?


texts:
Are Ethereum Tokens issued in an ICO similar to stocks on a stock market? In which ways are they similar, and in which ways are they not?

To give some background to my question. I just joined an ICO for a company that has a business idea I believe in. So now I will get some Ethereum tokens. From what I understand, owning these tokens gives me similar things as if I would have bought stocks in this company on the stock market, so in this respect I can see it as if I own a part of this company. Is this the correct way of looking at it? Specifically:

Will the company now pay dividends based on how the tokens are distributed? And if so, where can I find more information on how much of the profit that will be payed as dividends?
Does the token give me any way to influence how the company is run? Like voting for the CEO or so? How is this administered?
Where can I trade my token and check the current market rate?

I understand that the details probably vary from ICO to ICO. But in general, how does it work? What information should I look for when a company does an ICO?


texts: Sent Bitcoin to wrong email address on Coinbase.com

texts:
I sent some BTC on coinbase to another one of my own email addresses. But I later realized I don't have a coinbase account with this email. The status of the transaction says complete.
Are they gone? Probably.
Or can I create a coinbase account with that email?


texts: Are there any bitcoin communities for women?

texts: Not to knock the guys, but it would be nice to talk to girls about this awesome virtual currency...partly to bring awareness to enable widespread adoption of bitcoin, as well as to try to get involved with other girls who may be working on bitcoin-related projects.


texts: 2 transaction in same address - Please help

texts:
Sent my  btc address 3 days ago for a payment to one of my customer  he didnt respond or paid . next day i provided the  same address to my another customer for a payment which he sent. Now today i received an email from my 1st customer that he paid the amount to same address that i provided 3 days ago . Please anyone here who can help me to recover the funds . I will lose my job & anyone here who is kind enough to help to simple tips .

https://www.blockchain.com/btc/address/15iga5K4hLMjDFox24mvjjuak2g3cKVtMK


texts:
I get this error using BitMinter Client v1.3.2:

Work rejected. Server says: Stale or alien proof of work

about every 15 - 45 minutes, just mining on my GPU.

What is happening? What does it mean to have a proof of work rejected? How can I prevent it?


texts: How the buy/sell rate of bitcoin is continuosly increasing?

texts:
I am continuously monitoring bitcoin rate since last one month using an android app (zebpay). The buy/sell rate reached double fold within one month. I never seen it decreasing.
Considering me a naive in understating crypto currency, I have following question:

Is it predictable currency and I should buy some bitcoin to sell it after few days to gain profit?
Which factor is responsible for such increasing rate (never seen any currency with such exponential curve)?


texts: The context of FBI involvement with Bitcoin

texts:
A number of articles appeared recently linking to a leaked document about Bitcoin written by the FBI.

  Bitcoin Virtual Currency: Unique Features Present Distinct Challenges for Deterring Illicit Activity

What involvement or interest has the FBI had with other alternative currencies, such as Liberty Reserve, Dwolla, e-gold, etc?

This question should help provide some context to compare with the interest they've shown in Bitcoin.


texts: Bitcoin Paper: Why do we need the probability of catching up in double spend attack?

texts:
In the Bitcoin original paper, we have two probabilities:

1- Probability of generating k number of blocks in the period T in which z confirmations are generated.

2- Probability that the attacker can ever catch up.

I can understand why we need the 1st probability, but I don't understand why we need the 2nd one. For instance, assume z=6, then in the period of T ( in which z confirmations are generated) the attacker can generate only 2 blocks, then why do need to worry if it can catch up; in fact, it couldn't catch up in this period.

Question 1: Why do we need the 2nd probability (i.e. probability of catching up)?

Question 2: what about sometimes after that period? What if it can generate enough block after z confirmations have been released and placed on top of the transaction?


texts: How to best practice restoring a wallet in bitcoin core

texts:
I have a test wallet in bitcoin core that I want to play around with and get comfortable with before I move my btc from blockstream green wallet. I primarily use that wallet because so far it has been easy to understand. So I have created this core wallet, sent $1 worth of btc to it, so not worried if I mess it up. I have backed up the wallet.dat file, backed up my private key and backed up my encyrpted passphrase all physically.

How would I go about deleting the wallet so I could practice restoring it? When you restore a wallet do your addresses automatically show up, or do you also need to import your private keys for each address in this case I have one test address.

I ordered a coldcard and want to use it with bitcoin core. Looks like I can here
https://github.com/Coldcard/firmware/blob/master/docs/bitcoin-core-usage.md for storage and need to do something called HWI for sending. I think I am reading this correctly.

Is this a good practice for security, I was looking at https://yeticold.com/ seemed interesting but it failed to restore my wallet, but it integrates with bitcoin core. I think it's just still very new so not good for storing anything real at the moment, I posted a issue on github with no response.

Apologies for jumping from one thing to another

To Summarize

A. what is the best practice for getting my feet wet with bitcoin core, ideally practicing restoring a wallet and private keys.

B. Is coldcard with bitcoin core very secure?

C. What's the deal with yeticold.com

and finally, is there a good practice for generating my encryption password for bitcoin wallets, is this what people generally call a seed phrase in most wallets, what is a seed phrase in other wallets vs cores passphrase.

Thanks ahead of time. Im new to bitcoin security so hopefully I am making sense. I don't mind spending the time to learn and practice things slowly to get this right, so fine with good resources to read.


texts: How do miners avoid transactions getting dropped?

texts:
I'm having a problem figuring out how miners solve the following problem:

Let's say we have 2 miners: M1, M2.

M1 adds transactions A,B,C,D to their block. M2 adds transactions A,B,C to their block. For some reason, transaction D will come to M2 a few seconds after M1 received it.

Now, M2 solves the block and sends this block to everyone. Consequently, M1 throws their block away and starts working on new block.

Next, M1 adds transactions E,F,G to their block, whereas M2 adds D,E,F,G (M2 gets D now) to their block. Now, M1 solves the block first and broadcasts it. Therefore, M2 throws their block away and starts a new one.

In this case, transaction D won't get in any block! (The problem is caused by network speed which caused the fact that D arrived at M2 a few seconds after it got to M1.)

So, how is this problem handled or avoided?


texts:
Can someone explain what does this mean:

As i see: 2 transactions are having SAME txid and differ just by address. Is this normal behavior? Should I get both transactions in such cases?


texts: I have the identifiers for my wallet, but I don't know how to access it

texts:
I am a cryptocurrency novice, so I apologize in advance if this question is too basic. About a year or so ago I created 2 bitcoin wallets and put a small amount of money in them. I forgot about them until recently when I found the sheet of paper where I wrote down the identifiers for them.

In addition, there is a long list of random words associated with each wallet. My question is, I know this should be enough information to access my wallet, but I don't know what to do with the information. Any help would be greatly appreciated.


texts: I'm aware of some Javascript RPC Miners, but does anyone know of any Stratum Javascrip Miners for use in my website?


texts:
Is there any list of litecoin constants available?
Something like Bitcoin list of address prefixes


texts: Get wallet address when creating wallet with blockchain API

texts:
Using the API endpoint http://localhost:3000/api/v2/create I get this response:

{"guid":"58671a54-7d60-4319-8742-b06fb2a8d060","address":"xpub6CzAMijBVeK5qBxbXc2i4NyGbvr9wLRTJWf58f3mdv7Lb2eeo6Uz9UKq7ntTDdvfDgH6MhuuLJgCAWcto1BX9TA3wpaKU9vomML8MfvdZUD"}

It seems to be returning an extended public key rather than an address, how can I get the wallet address to accept payments?


texts: How can I prove control of HD wallet through message signing?

texts: If I sign a message with one of the address from an HD wallet, does that prove control over the rest of the addresses created and will be created inside that HD wallet?


texts: How long should synchronizing your wallet for the first time take?

texts: What is the normal synchronzing time for your wallet when you first start? I am using 4G on a wireless and it seems to be taking forever to count down the number of blocks left until it is properly synchronized.


texts:
Look at the code below from android bitcoin wallet:

proofOfWorkLimit = Utils.decodeCompactBits(0x1d00ffffL);

And look at the code from bitcoin qt wallet:

static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimit(~uint256(0) >> 32);

I assume that in second case ProofOfWorkLimit is 32 "0" and 224 "1" (000000...000111111111....11111111)?

So I don't have an idea how to get first case "0x1d00ffffL" from second case?
In binary "0x1d00ffffL" is 11101000000001111111111111111.

P.S. I have looked in uint256.h. It wasn't helpful.


texts:
I want to create a Wallet for website, i.e., for each individual user who register in the website.

How can i do this.

How to transfer coins from one wallet to another wallet


texts: Is there any bitcoin fork which goal is storing arbitrary information?

texts:
I know that there is Namecoin, which saves key:value pair.
Is thete other similar solutions?
Maybe for arbitrary textblocks?

Update: how they do it?
Delaware Blockchain Initiative to Streamline Record-Keeping for Private Companies
http://flip.it/wqxKJ


texts: Is Bitcoin a viable way to transfer money from one currency to another

texts:
Is bitcoin a viable way to transfer money from one currency to another?

When I say viable, what I mean is: is it similar or lower in cost to other currency conversion services e.g. xoom.com or bank-to-bank transfers and does the benefit of the conversion rates outweigh the potential risks involved.


texts:
I am a professional software engineer and freelancer. I have heard about Bitcoin (and recently OneCoin) a long time ago, but I was not interested to indulge in this business.

Now, a few days ago a friend of mine told me that he has started this business (one coin) and he is purchasing OneCoin and in next year he will be able to earn enough money while selling the coins he would have purchased. I don't know if this business is good for me or not.

Should I start to buy OneCoin, since I am new to this business?


texts: Why did my lightning node not route payments after I have funded 5 payment channels?

texts:
I have setup a docker-compose with bitcoind and clightning.

After 28 hours funding 5 channels I see nothing at all. I do not expect income, but at least that the channels are used.

$ lightning-cli listfunds
{
  "outputs": [
    {
      "txid": "619571d8f0f7c356cc7cdd77f28b140f1fee9bea49bf1c25aabe17a32192310f",
      "output": 1,
      "value": 284232,
      "address": "bc1q3ml5k2xx9ky8x3fcywru9l49eq0a8rw5k8f39w",
      "status": "confirmed"
    },
    {
      "txid": "653a044a414d4d024e8516e576ebf03db1189fd65e0dbc6dd52927e8f1c33e6b",
      "output": 0,
      "value": 499710,
      "address": "bc1qsszjrex638sxs0z40gf9yqml5ys2kv6nvr2jwa",
      "status": "confirmed"
    }
  ],
  "channels": [
    {
      "peer_id": "0217890e3aad8d35bc054f43acc00084b25229ecff0ab68debd82883ad65ee8266",
      "short_channel_id": "557879:1140:0",
      "channel_sat": 500000,
      "channel_total_sat": 500000,
      "funding_txid": "0df805611c572682d333d20110db731def388421786c99bd716734321cab8c0d"
    },
    {
      "peer_id": "032b2b3f4abda9677bb9563e226c068d3a2456fb8b036635a81c9bcaa1671d1ada",
      "short_channel_id": "557879:1210:0",
      "channel_sat": 500000,
      "channel_total_sat": 500000,
      "funding_txid": "5e1ebf763dcefae3d54102acfebc6fa8f77cac52ffb4dedb445218d21af2e617"
    },
    {
      "peer_id": "03f163a59b2929b4b515d9dfd558f15ce23e95eadc109de013e6f7080d24644be2",
      "short_channel_id": "557879:1211:0",
      "channel_sat": 500000,
      "channel_total_sat": 500000,
      "funding_txid": "69517703573ebba263b4acee2943b91016f767d0bcf1e5c6b9364b3a325e0fdb"
    },
    {
      "peer_id": "027c3abc90a51617fb9cf5162c2fedfd9832c620ef82b54e413e9ce0f892dabb0d",
      "short_channel_id": "557879:1212:1",
      "channel_sat": 500000,
      "channel_total_sat": 500000,
      "funding_txid": "a80348c99aabecaa10b811efffd7bd023e1f0ef59bb311789c5775bb676e9c56"
    },
    {
      "peer_id": "02986d2a01e7955583f04876f5b6219e0741e43ebaa00246232106bade5b429498",
      "short_channel_id": "557879:1213:0",
      "channel_sat": 31603,
      "channel_total_sat": 31603,
      "funding_txid": "619571d8f0f7c356cc7cdd77f28b140f1fee9bea49bf1c25aabe17a32192310f"
    }
  ]
}

log shows:
lightning             | 2019-01-11T11:13:41.880Z lightningd(6): ... feerate estimate for slow hit floor 253

$ lightning-cli getinfo

{
  "id": "035aef5661e1a6e370db60dc0455796800afd5b51fbc12a0a8b34836b15f5d7ef6",
  "alias": "TWronald✅",
  "color": "15c315",
  "num_peers": 5,
  "num_pending_channels": 0,
  "num_active_channels": 4,
  "num_inactive_channels": 1,
  "address": [
    {
      "type": "ipv4",
      "address": "220.133.223.206",
      "port": 9735
    }
  ],
  "binding": [
  ],
  "version": "",
  "blockheight": 558062,
  "network": "bitcoin",
  "msatoshi_fees_collected": 0
}

https://1ml.com/node/035aef5661e1a6e370db60dc0455796800afd5b51fbc12a0a8b34836b15f5d7ef6
shows

Time Lock Delta     Min HTLC

What do these values tell me, do they need to be the same as the other side of the channel?

I wanted to claim my node at 1ML.com but they require me to send a certain amount to the channel, but I sent before already. I tried to close the channel. Now the channel is inactive. How can I add exactly that amount required? Do I need to to get the money back first and fund again? If so how do I do that?


texts: What are the published Bitcoin addresses of the Binance 7000 BTC hack from 2019 May?

texts: Binance got hacked of 7000 BTC in May of 2019. I'd imagine all the chain analysis companies are tracking these tainted Bitcoins to see if it hits any exchanges for selling. What are these address? Is there a visual graph of where it has ended up?


texts: Is there any where I can buy bitcash ahead of the fork? Or do I need to keep my bitcoin in wallets that won't signal SegWit?


texts: Why is my lighting node not routing any transaction?

texts:
I have set up a lighting node months ago using LND under the tor network.

My node (Caffeine) looks correctly configured and connected to several channels but it is not routing any transaction. In the beginning, I thought it would simply take some time but after months still nothing!

What could be the problem?


texts: I've been watching GDAX for several months and I see repeating offers to sell 64 + bitcoins (not 65 or 63). This seems very strange as it's an unusually large quantity and is repeated several times a day. Can anyone make a quess as to why this would be happening?


texts: Programmatically Get Change Address From Blockchain

texts:
BIP004 states that a derivation path's 4th digit will be 1 if it is a change address like this:

m / purpose' / coin_type' / account' / change / address_index

https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0044.mediawiki#change

The idea is that once money is spent from a given address, the left over is moved in to a new address which is used as the change address. Wallet software should not leave the left over funds in an address in the old address, they should be moved to the new address. I guess that some wallets follow this, and some don't. But wallets that do not follow this would be breaking the BIP.

So, my question is, from looking at a given address on the blockchain is there a programmatic way to tell where the funds have been moved to?

If you have the public key and the derivation path for the address, you can derive the change address, but if I don't have these things, is there a way to figure it out? Or, at least to take a good guess as to what it might be based on where the funds are moved to?

Use Case (View-Only Wallet):

User adds a loose address to their wallet (without public key)
App scans blockchain for address
App realizes balance has changed and transaction occurred
Funds have moved to another address, but app can't figure this out without prompting user, or displaying an incorrect balance.


texts: How does this OpenCL BTC private-key cracker work? Is it a real threat to bitcoins?

texts:
I am specifically referring to this over at bitcointalk.org.

The general consensus I gathered from reading the thread is that this is not a hoax. There seems to be a group of generated bitcoin addresses that can be considered weak where its private key can be recovered in a reasonable amount of time. There's currently no known way to determine if a given btc address is weak or not.

What is not clear to be me is how it is able to accomplish this. What is the basic idea behind this attack that allows it to even work? Explain it to me like I was 5, if possible. Is this is a potential break of the ECC algorithm?


texts:
Please explain the proof-of-work concept.

And how does it relate to Bitcoin mining in general, and to the proofs of work (aka shares) of mining pools?


texts: Is the time value in transaction or block information the time it arrived at my client?

texts:
Both transactions and blocks have a time field when you use Bitcoin's getblock or gettransaction methods. The API method list defines the transaction time as " time the transaction occurred".

Is this the time the transaction or block arrived at my client? Or is this time defined by the sender of the transaction or block?

I tried to encode a transaction to a raw transaction and decode it again afterwards, but the lock_time property is set to 0 when I do this.

The reason for this question is that I want to make sure that when you check all transactions twice, all new ones of the second check have a time value higher than the highest one of the first check.


texts: Can you use a mining hardware to find a string for a certian hash

texts:
Using a computer to brute force a sha256 will take very long time, but with a mining hardware, it still takes long, but at least chances of finding it are better.
But the question is, are mining hardware designed to only work for crypto-currency mining and cannot be programmed to search for a specific hash?


texts:
What are multi-signature transactions, and why might they be used?

Also see:

How does one make multisignature transactions with the bitcoin client?
How can I create a multi signature 2-of-3 transaction?


texts: What is current size of various databases in Bitcoin Core as of July 2014?

texts:
This question is related to question: What is the database for?

What is size in MB of:

blockchain itsef - blocks/blk*.dat
blocks/index/*
chainstate/*
blocks/rev*.dat

Is the size of chainstate and index proportional to blockchain size?


texts: I had $1000 on an encrypted wallet and need to restore it on bitcoin qt

texts: I reinstalled windows7, but luckily it saved my old windows in windows.old plus i backed up encrypted wallet to external device.  How exactly do I restore it?


texts: Which exchanges still support USD account-to-account (A2A) transfers?

texts: Now that Mt. Gox no longer offers MTG USD redeemable codes, what other exchanges offer these vouchers / redeemable codes / coupons?


texts: two people with same PUBLIC address, how will people/network know how to deliver bitcoin

texts:
I understand that a bitcoin address is a combination or more than one kind of encryption and entropy, and I also understand how improbable it is that the same address will get generated at the same time.

Although the private keys will be different, this doesn't alleviate my concerns.

If person A sends a payer their public address, how will the network know not to send it to the person A and person B's address

Maybe I am just having a lapse in judgement here, and that the public key must be derived from the private key and hash160 and therefore a public address cannot be generated without the same private key


texts: Startum protocol extranonce2 - where the extraNonce2 comes from

texts:
I'm curious where the extraNonce2 comes from in stratum protocol?
In the official documentation, I found

Extranonce2_size - Represents expected length of extranonce2 which will be generated by the miner.

Could you clarify this sentence and give more details?


texts:
I am looking for some assistance in gathering the correct information about starting to buy/run/operate a bitcoin ATM in Los Angeles, CA. I would like to start with one and expand to multiple areas.

Unfortunately, I have not been able to find a website that advises where I would begin the application process on obtaining a license or banks that deal with Bitcoin ATM's?

Please advise on requested information if anyone knows where to start. That would be greatly appreciated.

Have a wonderful day.


texts: How to import data from Blockchain.info to Excel

texts: can anyone explain how to transfer data from Blockchain.info to Excel. I am not familiar with the CSV format.  Thank you in advance!


texts: I was tasked with installing a bitcoin core on ubuntu and I had questions

texts: I was given the task to install Bitcoin core, to receive payments in the service. I have found some tutorials, but they were not used because they are GUIs. I want to use a bitcoin from the command line. How do i install bitcoin bark? How much free memory do you need?


texts:
I need a api or an application that can generate and handle (send/receive and so on...) multi currency wallet.
For an example: It can generate dogecoin address, bitcoin address, litecoin address, peercoin address and so on... and handle them. Like send/receive/check balance.


texts: What do all of the items in the output from p2pool mean?

texts:
2012-08-15 10:57:04.728547 P2Pool: 17401 shares in chain (9127 verified/17405 total) Peers: 11 (0 incoming)
2012-08-15 10:57:04.728781  Local: 1689MH/s in last 10.0 minutes Local dead on arrival: ~3.8% (2-8%) Expected time to share: 29.8 minutes
2012-08-15 10:57:04.728886  Shares: 3 (1 orphan, 0 dead) Stale rate: ~33.3% (6-80%) Efficiency: ~73.5% (22-104%) Current payout: 0.0174 BTC
2012-08-15 10:57:04.728999  Pool: 415GH/s Stale rate: 9.3% Expected time to block: 6.3 hours

Most of it is evident, but if someone could give a breakdown, that would be very helpful.


texts: how and when does block and transaction validations take place?

texts:
I have a couple of questions and will try to explain them here.
So, let's say we have 4 nodes in the whole network.

one of the nodes (node A) took transactions from pool. before they put it into a candidate block, they first validate each transaction, right ? if so, i guess they check balance and signature. Anything else ?  and if all good, they put each valid transactions into a candidate block and after that, they start mining this block... I guess unvalid transactions disappear or something..

Let's say node A mined the block the quickest. It put the block into its ledger and also shared this block to other nodes so they can add it to their own ledger too.  I know that other nodes won't just add it to the ledger until they confirm that this new block was really mined(will take the hash of the header and check if it's below current). Is this correct ? if so, Then, question is, will they also conduct a validation for each transaction from this block ? if yes - why ? if no - why ?

If I make 2 transactions one after another, even though I only have balance for only one transaction, those 2 will go to pool first. and I guess, when my node checks validation of transactions before putting it into a candidate block, they will see that whichever they check first is valid, and second one is not valid anymore since they already have checked the first one. Right ?


texts: Can i get my double spending bitcoin back in my wallet

texts: I opened my wallet and saw that blockchain sent my bitcoin to a bitcoin address, and it is still unconfirmed after 2 days, can they still return my bitcoin?


texts: In simple terms, what are the major differences between P2WPKH and P2WSH bech32 addresses?

texts: I've read over the bip173, bip141, and bip143 specifications and they're a bit too technical to get at the simple answers I'm looking for.


texts: A person I met online asked me to pay small miner fee to get big funds in bitcoin. After sending him the fee, he injected huge funds into my bitcoin wallet, which fell into a bitcoin address imported into my wallet. But now I cannot send these bitcoins, if I want to transfer it is asking private keys, but I don't have private keys, what shall I do to transfer imported bitcoin to my wallet?


texts: Is it possible that the authors of Bitcoin have an alternative way of generating bitcoins?

texts: Is it possible that the Bitcoin creator (or developers) have an algorithm that allows computers to generate coins easily, but intentionally published only the current difficult mining algorithms. And, in that way, have left themselves a backdoor way of generating bitcoins once the algorithm became popular?


texts: Has anyone here used bitcoins to swap dollars for pesos in Argentina?

texts:
I've seen some chatter online about using bitcoins as a workaround for Argentinian currency controls (see below) and I'd like to speak to people who have actually done that, whether it means converting pesos to bitcoins to dollars or vice-versa. Was it cumbersome? Did you save money?

Can I use bitcoin as a means of bypassing Argentine Dollar restrictions?


texts:
So I want to load a wallet and get its balance also sending some funds with the corresponding wallet, here is my code

public class DumpWallet {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

    Wallet wallet = Wallet.loadFromFile(new File("wallet.dat"));
    System.out.println(wallet.toString());
}
}

Why does it throw these followings error (I am using wallet.dat that created automatically on C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin\testnet3

Exception in thread "main" org.bitcoinj.wallet.UnreadableWalletException: Could not parse input stream to protobuf
at org.bitcoinj.wallet.WalletProtobufSerializer.readWallet(WalletProtobufSerializer.java:427)
at org.bitcoinj.wallet.WalletProtobufSerializer.readWallet(WalletProtobufSerializer.java:399)
at org.bitcoinj.wallet.Wallet.loadFromFileStream(Wallet.java:1581)
at org.bitcoinj.wallet.Wallet.loadFromFile(Wallet.java:1487)
at org.bitcoinj.examples.DumpWallet.main(DumpWallet.java:33)
Caused by: com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException: Protocol message contained an invalid tag (zero).
    at com.google.protobuf.InvalidProtocolBufferException.invalidTag(InvalidProtocolBufferException.java:89)
    at com.google.protobuf.CodedInputStream.readTag(CodedInputStream.java:158)
    at org.bitcoinj.wallet.Protos$Wallet.<init>(Protos.java:14789)
    at org.bitcoinj.wallet.Protos$Wallet.<init>(Protos.java:14778)
    at org.bitcoinj.wallet.Protos$Wallet$1.parsePartialFrom(Protos.java:14956)
    at org.bitcoinj.wallet.Protos$Wallet$1.parsePartialFrom(Protos.java:1)
    at com.google.protobuf.AbstractParser.parseFrom(AbstractParser.java:89)
    at com.google.protobuf.AbstractParser.parseFrom(AbstractParser.java:95)
    at com.google.protobuf.AbstractParser.parseFrom(AbstractParser.java:49)
    at org.bitcoinj.wallet.Protos$Wallet.parseFrom(Protos.java:15822)
    at org.bitcoinj.wallet.WalletProtobufSerializer.parseToProto(WalletProtobufSerializer.java:606)
    at org.bitcoinj.wallet.WalletProtobufSerializer.readWallet(WalletProtobufSerializer.java:420)
    ... 4 more


texts: What are the privacy implications of filtered blockchain downloads?

texts:
There is now "Bloom filter" support in the network protocol for sending only relevant transactions to lightweight clients.

What are the privacy implications of the bloom filter? Does it leak any information about which keys I am interested in to the network?


texts: Naming convention: MilliBit or Millibitcoins (mBTC), microbitcoin or Mikrobitcoins (μBTC)?

texts:
I heard about many use: Bitcents, Bitmills (or Bitmilles)

  1.02 - One bitcoin and two bitcents
  0.001 - One millibitcoin (nickname "one Millie")
  0.000001 - One microbitcoin (nickname "one Mike")
  0.00000001 - The bitcoin base unit (nickname "one Satoshi")

millicoins, microcoins, and nanocoins

Which are the official naming conventions and should Bitcoin be capitalized when you are referring to the unit?


texts: Because on windows it is so difficult to load the blockchain into the BitcoinCore wallet. Arrives in 2016 the loading rate increases days. In ubuntu18.04 it is so fast and does not slow down after 2016. When it slows down and checks on windows with bitcoind.exe after 2016 and it finds four errors in the blockchain; how should I proceed?


texts: Why can't you just tell the blockchain that your bitcoin was stolen so that nobody can use it?

texts: They evangelize about The Blockchain. It cannot be changed or tampered with. It's TRUST without needing to actually trust any person. So, tell me. Why is it that when I watch Youtubes of how to set up a Bitcoin Wallet, I get dire warnings of: "You have to do it THIS way and take THESE precautions OR ELSE your Bitcoin might get STOLEN!" I mean, if the Blockchain is so pristine, why not just TELL IT that your bitcoin got stolen... and, therefore, no one can use it?


texts:
Is there any intention by the respective author or by Bitcoin.org to edit, improve or re-write the white paper for absolute clarity?

Among others I do not understand the value of repetitive manipulation of the message, until a hard-to-find number can be added to the message, that then forces the digest into an arbitrary format to show a given number of starting zeros.


texts: Will the bitcoin value keep rising at steady rate, if bitcoin mining is stopped right now

texts: If no new coins are created by mining after 12 million bitcoins as of today, what kind of impact will it have on bitcoin value. Transaction fees will still be set for confirmations.


texts: Is BTC inherently much more energy-hungry than other currencies, or just been around longer?

texts:
A beginner question, but my understanding is that BTC (and many others) rely on solving ever increasingly complex algorithmic problems, which acts as a self-gating mechanism on the ever-decreasing cost of CPU power(?)
BTC's energy use has been in the news a lot recently and there's discussion about relative transaction cost in other coins. Do they work fundamentally differently, or is their blockchain just so much smaller that they are where BTC was, say, 2 years ago?
Or am I confusing mining with transaction cost?


texts: What is the implication of Induced Demand for Bitcoin scaling?

texts:
For the purposes of this question the working definition of Induced Demand is taken from Wikipedia:

  Induced demand, or latent demand, is the phenomenon that after supply increases, more of a good is consumed.

As the literature and research attests, Induced Demand has most impact in large public networks such as public roadways and healthcare networks. The observed phenomenon is illustrated by cases where widening of a public road - as a means of relieving congestion - merely results in temporary relief: the increased road capacity (supply) soon attracts additional traffic (demand) and the congestion returns.

Bitcoin is a large scale public network and it is evident that there is much latent demand for its use. Does Induced Demand have relevance for efforts  to scale the Bitcoin network? What would be the specific expected impacts if blocksize is doubled from 1MB to 2MB?

The preferred answer will be short, evidence-based, and devoid of "blocksize debate" rhetoric.


texts: How is "bytes to push" distinguishable in the scriptPubKey?

texts:
Trying to parse scriptPubKeys and get the individual opcodes. My question is: How would you identify the "bytes to push" values?

Here's an example of the typical scriptPubKey:

  76       A9             14
OP_DUP OP_HASH160    Bytes to push

89 AB CD EF AB BA AB BA AB BA AB BA AB BA AB BA AB BA AB BA   88         AC
                      Data to push                     OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG

bitcoin.it/wiki

Does "bytes to push" only occur after specific opcodes? Or is it that anything that doesn't correspond to an opcode is interpreted as indicating the upcoming number of bytes to push on to the stack?

Note: Basically any tips/advice on parsing the locking script would be handy.


texts: How to do paper backup and restore for bitcoin core

texts:
Since bitcoin core is HD wallet, it should be possible to make "seed" like backup for it and there should be way to restore the wallet from it as well. I know there is dumpprivkey, but it needs to be done after every transaction to be safe. Other wallets have nice seed backup and restore methods, I suppose core should have one as well.

There is xprv method mentioned in comments, but I'm still missing restore method. Also I would like to do it from console only, since my wallet is on remote server without graphics.

I'm interested in "string" backup mainly because I want to store it in trezor hardware password manager, which does not support files


texts: Could ASICs be used to mine a "BitcoinX4" blockchain?

texts:
Bitcoin, on average, has a block every 10 minute. There are advantages (pdf) to having a higher "clock rate", e.g. Litecoin's block every 2.5 minutes. I call "BitcoinX4" the theoretical blockchain that is achieved by speeding up block creation time (hardfork), without affecting the total number of coins (block reward reduced by a factor of 4).

It is conceivable that at some point in the future, a "split" or "hard fork" will be made in Bitcoin, such that its blocks will be generated with a different (higher?) frequency, possibly while keeping a mining majority. For this to happen (hash power majority), ASICs need to be able to crunch the new "BitcoinX4" chain.

So, my question - are the known ASICs today compatible with changing the block speed?


texts:
I'm trying to do some analysis of different entities on the bitcoin network. I'm looking for an API that I can input a transaction id or address into and it will tell me the exchange, miner, or other entity that it is most likely connected with.

Blockchain.info, for example, has tags that are visible when you search for an address, for example those associated with Mt. Gox. However, it doesn't seem like this is available through their API.

There are other sites out there like http://bitcoinwhoswho.com, but haven't found a simple API yet.

This must be out there somewhere. Can someone point me in the right direction?


texts: What can 1 master public key in a multisig reveal?

texts:
Assume you have the following situation:
You are going to create a new multisig wallet with Electrum.
2 signatures are from old hardware wallets and 1 signature is brand new.

The new multisig will only be used with Electrum and Electrum personal server connected to Bitcoin Core. The 2 old signatures from the hardware wallets has been used with the hardware wallets own wallets (like Ledger Live and Trezor Wallet). Then I guess we can assume that the master public keys from those 2 wallets has been uploaded to some server somewhere and could be "leaked".

From a privacy standpoint, if I create a new multisig, is it possible to get any information from the 2 old master public keys? Or, do you need all 3 keys?

Would it be a good practice to create two new master public keys (by "reinstalling" the old hardware wallets) and create a new multisig with 3 brand new keys (and treat them with more care in the future)? Or is it fine, because 1 key is new?


texts: Understanding Blockchain client implementation details

texts: I've started building a custom blockchain as a side project. The goal is to understand and familiarize myself with implementation details that are not usually described in a "What is blockchain" article or similar post. I'm looking for sources, with good examples if possible, on how different problems are solved like block publishing and sharing, node discover, validating transactions, block composition etc. I've gone through a small part of the Bitcoin protocol documentation on the bitcoin wiki and plan to read through the rest of it but, as expected, it is more of a reference and less of an educational resource. Is there any other place that one can read about how to tackle such problems? I've seen tutorials on "How to build a blockchain" but they mostly talk about the chain itself (i.e. creating a block from arbitrary transactions, generating PoW and linking the new block to the chain) without addressing all the "inbetween" stuff which is in my opinion the critical information.


texts: Restrict the Bitcoin usage only during a particular period

texts:
I would like to know if its possible to use a Bitcoin at present in the following scenario.

When I send a Bitcoin to an another user,I set certain parameters on the Bitcoin, like it can only be used from this particular date to an another particular date. And restrict the usage of Bitcoin if its being used some other time.

Can I use it like this ?


texts: What is the Best Way to Learn python-bitcoinlib?

texts: I have tried to find tutorials everywhere, but can't find anything. Is there any step by step guide to use the library?


texts:
Normally when you spend an input, you reveal your public key and signature so that ECVERIFY can be done.

I look at segwit raw transactions and cannot find the public key inside them, where do they go?

Example: https://www.blockchain.com/btc/tx/3179d18d6f36fa77b88909496535485d8188d96b79d295843789a9e0ff6c3e6a

Is there a way to reliably retrieve the pubkey and it's position in the raw transaction?


texts: Understanding reinvestment in a miner growth scenario

texts:
I got the following question which I can't figure out:

Alice, Bob, Carol, David and Eve are the five major bitcoin miners. They have each invested a million dollars in specialized equipment for bitcoin mining and have driven every other miner to look for other opportunities, i.e. every block in the bitcoin block chain is mined by one of them. The first four are happy just making money off of mining and save their money in bitcoin banks. Eve is willing to invest every bitcoin she makes in buying more mining equipment. Recall that the probability that a miner succeeds in mining a block is the number of hashes that the miner computes divided by the total number of hashes
that the whole network computes. Assume that on average a dollar buys enough mining equipment to compute 225 SHA-256 hashes per second, that the mining fee for each block is 12.5 bitcoins and that each bitcoin is worth 500 dollars. What is the expected time required for Eve to be able to decide for every bitcoin transaction whether it is entered in the block chain, and therefore accepted, or not.

Can anyone explain how do I need to calculate this?


texts: How to customize a bitcoin rpc to show only some information (filtering out the rest)?

texts:
I would like to modify a bitcoin RPC, for example getblocktemplate to show only a single information, in this case: "mintime": 1594178622
I tried to go into bitcoin/src/rpc/mining.cpp
and I commented out all the info I was seeing under : static UniValue getblocktemplate(const JSONRPCRequest& request)
leaving only "mintime" and I rebuilt bitcoin, but calling getblocktemplate gave the same result with all the info...
So I'm wondering what I am doing correctly
Any input would be greatly appreciated.


texts: I'm trying to run bitcoind with a changed conf file, but for some reason the password it thinks is incorrect. Is there a way I can change the rpc username and password?


texts: How can I detect which network I'm connected to?

texts:
I'm in a unit test and I would like to use different test addresses depending on which network I'm connected to, to keep test output limited to the network I'm actually connected to.

I know I can run validateaddress to figure it out, but how can I detect this directly?


texts: What is special about a private blockchain based on proof of stake?

texts:
I recently came across a paper published in 1988 called "A quorum-based commit and termination protocol for distributed database systems". I could not read it because it is not free, but to me this sounds very similar to what a private blockchain using proof of stake for consensus achieves. I have a hard time believing that's all there is to it considering all the hype going on. With that in mind, I have the following questions:

Is chaining blocks together the only innovation here? Why not just have trusted validators sign transactions in permissioned distributed databases? We have had these technologies for decades. What is the difference?
Couldn't a 51% attack where someone has private keys for a certain transaction rebuild the chain from that point on for basically free? How does this achieve any realistic level of immutability?
Why would financial institutions want to 1. Pay to store competitors data 2. Allow competitors to see their data?

I want to understand what everyone is finding so new and exciting about private blockchains.


texts: Bitcoin uses RIPEMD160 on top of SHA256. Is its sole purpose to make public key address shorter or does it strengthen security in any way?


texts: Bitcoin HD Wallets with hardened derivation and watch-only addresses

texts:
I'm learning about the details of how HD wallets work. After reading the BIP32 and BIP44 documents thoroughly and supplementing it with Mastering Bitcoin there's still on aspect that I can't figure out.

Say I derive an extended private key with the BIP44 first account, first address path path: m/44'/0'/0'/0/0 and then I convert the extended private key into an extended public key.

Based on what I've read so far proper way would be to take the extended public key and work with an entirely non-hardened path like: M/0/1 , M/0/2 ?

Is this the correct way to do it ? My problem is that a public key of M/44'/0'/0'/0/1 will not be the same as M/0/1.

I'm just trying to make sure I'm using the derivation paths correctly. Thanks a lot!


texts: Does addressindex works in satoshi Bitcoin-Core?

texts:
I'm wondering if addressindex in bitcoin config working in satoshi Bitcoin-core app, or just in BitPay bitcoin app.

addressindex
Records all changes to an address for retrieving txids,
balances and unspent outputs for addresses. Changes are stored and
sorted in block order. Both p2sh and p2pkh address types are
supported. The index records two sets of key/value pairs. The first
records all activity and is useful for viewing transaction history and
all changes. The second is specifically for retrieving unspent outputs
by address, and is smaller as values are removed once they are spent.


texts: I purchased an older computer at a garage sale, the seller said her son used it from about 2008 to 2012 to play games online.  It still has the original hard drive and the seller says its been in storage since her son passed and she wants to sell it and I bought it for $20.  How would I look to see if there are any bitcoins stored on the HD?


texts: How do I find out where a bitcoin address is from?

texts:
I am not looking necessarily a name but more like is it an offline, coinbase, blockchain.com, etc...

I had $80 sent from my account yesterday and it says it went to 1H8KZWdTeRuiCq4NyCTYGA8Uw9XjKuLPCx however I don't remember this or know this address. I know that this doesn't sound like a lot of money but for me it is. Please help me if you can


texts: Can I create a public address for Bitcoin without the private address appearing on the screen?

texts:
Is there JavaScript which will do this?

I would generate a 256 bit password using 99 dice throws, enter it into JavaScript on an offline computer (like using bitaddress.org) and get an address to send Bitcoin to, so that I can store them cold.

What I don’t want, as would be done in bitaddress.org, is for my private key to be shown on the screen in case there is screenshot malware on the computer. (N.B. I can defeat key-logging by scrambling the entry of the dice throws using a mouse).

When I wish to transfer the Bitcoin to, say, a Blockchain account, I can go to an offline computer, generate the private key from the password using bitaddress.org and then on another computer which is online carry out the transfer.

The procedure seems pretty safe to me.


texts:
Let's assume that I found the nonce for the block the world try to mine now. How can I say in python that this is the nonce and this is my wallet address so transfer the reward to it?!

Note: This question has nothing to do with the question: How is a “reward” encoded in a block?
I asked about the program that its inputs are the nonce and the wallet address.


texts:
I would like to know if there are more than one decimal in bitcoin numbers. While playing online slots with Bitcoin, I hit a big win for 100900 x 5 credits totaling 5207.17.The total was displayed as 5,207.17 Please explain to me how this is supposed to exactly read.

Thank you


texts: What was the number of the block in which SegWit got activated? And first transaction?

texts:
It was definitely on August 24th 2017, but not sure about the block number. Many sources reference block 481,822; but others state 481,824.

Also, even if this was the first block to allow segwit transactions, what was the first very block that contained one of them?


texts:
I have a fully synchronized btc node on my network.
Which mobile apps (android) and desktop apps can I use to connect to this node without running a full node/ daemon on the desktop or mobile? And how would I do that?
I really want to just transact through the local node. Every App I have looked at so far runs their own local full node.
The idea is that the family can transact through one local full-node.
Edit: should have read the cli command options on bitcoin-qt
A simple:
bitcoin-qt.exe -connect mynodeIp -addnode mynodeIp
Creates two connections to the node and blocks all others


texts: How to sign a transaction proposal using bitcore-wallet-client?

texts:
I am currently trying to perform a transaction with bitcore-wallet-service using the bitcore-wallet-client library, and I am following the following steps:
1.CreateTxProposal > 2.PublishTxProposal > 3.PushSignatures > 4.BroadcastTxProposal
But I have problems doing step 3 since I don't know how sign the transaction ... could someone help me please? :S


texts: What increases a node's banscore? What factors contribute to the banscore? Does a node sending bad transactions increase its banscore? Does its using unnecessarily too much bandwidth also increase its banscore?


texts: How do exchanges decide on cryptocurrency trading pairs?

texts: Cryptocurrency trading pairs for example ltc/btc, doge/btc should be paired using some criteria. I'd like to comprehend on what basis they are paired.


texts: Possible to create a double spend attack by replacing a Tx in the merkle tree?

texts:
This question on crypto.SE describes how preimage attacks are avoided in the Bitcoin network.

  For a second preimage attack:

  hash(x) = hash(y) implies hash(hash(x)) = hash(hash(y))

  So it wouldn't protect against a direct preimage attack. Bitcoin
  builds a Merkle
  tree
  for a b c like this:
  hash(hash(hash(a)+hash(b))+hash(hash(c)+hash(c))).

  You can see again that if someone found a c' that has the same
  SHA-256 hash as c, they could substitute it and the final result
  would still be the same.

  While it's true that this might improve resistance to first preimage
  attacks, there aren't any obvious cases where those would matter -- an
  attacker typically would have the plaintext that generated the hash.
  (And preimage attacks on addresses seem far fetched, given that the
  ECDSA operation is in there.)

Suppose two offline transactions are generated with the same c' hash.  Assume it takes several months/years to create each Tx.   Then:

The attacker creates a Tx to a merchant
The attacker creates  a second Tx with the same inputs as #1.  Then a private key is regenerated until the Tx hash equals the hash of c'.

Question

How does the Bitcoin network respond to these competing transactions with the same hash?
How would the outcome be different if the transaction was non-standard, and therefore not replicated across miners?


texts: HD P2SH Wallets Compatibility with P2WPKH

texts: Are BIP32 Hierarchal Deterministic compatible  with P2SH addresses? Not as multisig but instead for the new P2WPKH?


texts:
I have just started GPU mining on my Nvida 560 (Not good cards for mining).
Heres the stats I'm getting, not sure If I have configured the settings correctly as my GPU temp is only 27C, is this right? I know Nvidia cards aren't that good for mining but should the temp be this low?

reaper.conf

kernel reaper.cl
save_binaries yes
enable_graceful_shutdown no
long_polling yes

mine litecoin

Litecoin.conf

host notroll.in
port 6332
user *****
pass *****

protocol litecoin

worksize 256
aggression max
threads_per_gpu 1
sharethreads 18
lookup_gap 2
gpu_thread_concurrency 6144


texts: What are the potential causes for the "block not found on disk" error?

texts:
We run several bitcoin core nodes and load balance requests across them all.
We occasionally hit the error "Block not found on disk" shortly after a new block gets confirmed, when looking up the contents of this new block. The error generally disappears when we retry after a few seconds.
Should I be worried about this error, or is it expected, since we are load-balancing requests across multiple nodes? My thinking is that possibly one of our nodes has seen the block and downloaded all of its contents, but another one of our nodes has not yet (and therefore throws the error)


texts: 10 days, still no confirmation. Will this ever get confirmed

texts:
Hello StackExchange users,

I've been waiting for 10 days now for my transaction to confirm, and it still hasn't.
Can anyone please tell me if there is something I can do, or what the status of my transaction is?
All I know is this https://blockchain.info/address/3QG9MtXed7gJXAoLfMGFH2comrhN84hVk4
- But I don't understand much about it...

Thanks alot for any feedback and have a nice day.


texts:
I read in several paper about "chaff coins" but I could not find a clear definition for this phenomenon. Does it refer to a specific coin? Is there any "formal" definition for that ?

Reference: https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.04299


texts: What .dat files are safe to be accessed while the Bitcoin client is running?

texts: Sometimes one wants to backup some .dat files from Bitcoin, but one can't shut down the client to do so (for example, if one is running a pool). Which .dat files are safe to be copied when the client is running, and which are only updated when the client shuts down?


texts: bitcoin core 0.10.1 upgrade stuck syncing

texts:
I just upgraded from Bitcoin Core 0.9 to 0.10.1 on Ubuntu 14.4 after being gone for a few months (blockchain data is from February).  When I loaded up bitcoin-qt, it seemed to be working fine and began correctly syncing the missing blocks.  I then quit bitcoin-qt and later restarted the system and it now refuses to get blocks after February 28th, 2015.

I get the following error repeatedly:

ERROR: AcceptToMemoryPool : nonstandard transaction: non-final

I am now attempting a -reindex -rescan, but it looks like this will take a day week or so on my old system due to its older CPU.

Any other suggestions?

Additional notes:

I confirmed that port 8333 was open and node was visible on bitnodes.io with multiple incoming connections.


texts: What does the global transaction limit mean in practice?

texts:
I read somewhere that there is a global limit of about 7 transactions that can get processed per second. However I was unable to find a clear explanation of what this exactly implies.
First thought:
If I tell one or perhaps a few PCs to transfer some btc a few times per second, then the network is full.
Analysis: Presumably not, as 7 actions per second is not hard to orchestrate
Second thought:
If I make a transaction, I need to wait up to 1/7 th of a second before it happens.
Analysis: Presumably also not as it would not matter enough for people to mention it
Other thoughts, without conclusion:

A transaction may actually be a number of transfers, so perhaps the network is capped at a high number,like 7 million transfers per second
Perhaps this limit is only for transactions that meet criteria (approved, paid) effectively prohibiting someone from just filling the system

A better understanding of the meaning and practical implications would be welcomed!


texts:
My BitcoinCore client says it's on the testnet. I've done nothing to configure this. How do I change it to do real Bitcoin transactions and wallets?
Also, every time I shutdown my PC the client had to rebuild the entire Bitcoin transaction history. Is that because it's on the testnet? It seems unworkable to me if I have to do an entire rebuild every time I want to shutdown my PC or install an update.
I haven't been able to find any information on the purpose of the testnet and the differences between the main Bitcoin network. Although I can make guesses.


texts: Seller asks me for my BTC address to confirm my payment

texts:
So I'm down to my first bitcoin transaction on a purchase with a webshop. Now that I'm at the actual checkout process, I'm asked for my bitcoin address so they can confirm my payment.

Since this is my first purchase using bitcoin I'm wondering the following two things:

Is it normal to ask for someones bitcoin address for confirmation?
Should I just give them the address that I would also give for receiving bitcoins? (A random one at that)

Thanks.


texts: Problem with Berkeley DB while building Bitcoin on Windows from Source Code?

texts:
I'm trying to compile Bitcoin from source code in Windows 7.
When I run ./configure, I get the following error:

checking for Berkeley DB C++ headers... no
configure: error: libdb_cxx headers missing

I have followed all the steps mentioned in the source code folder doc/build_msw, but still get the same error.

Additionally, I have tried following these instructions for building Bitcoin on Windows:

How do I build Bitcoin source in Windows 7?
Building headless Bitcoin and Bitcoin-qt on Windows

I have installed berkeleydb 4.8.30.msi.

What else can I try to resolve this issue?


texts: Does mining require downloading the transaction history

texts:
I am a newbie in the Bitcoin field and when I heard that we can mine Bitcoin in pools to generate bitcoins, It got me curious and I thought to know more about it.

I checked many site, it says you first need a bitcoin wallet that by downloading a Bitcoin software which automatically generates your wallet and starts downloading the transaction history which I get is around 6GB of files!!

Here my man aim is to mine bitcoins.

So I would like to know if there is a way to mine them without downloading the transaction history and if yes then please tell me about the required softwares or websites.

Thank you!


texts: Is there any other website that offers to buy or sell bitcoin on their website and also has Java API for developers? I tried Coinbase, but their fees is expensive and also they don't sell on the exact exchange rate.


texts:
Im still making my way into the block-chain world. I have been reading a lot.

I want to know who gives a block to the miners?, then they compete to get the challenge right, whoever gets the challenge right has the privilege to add the block. My confusion is how is a block created in the first place? where does the transaction come to the pool of miners?


texts: How do I generate a SegWit address using Bitcoin Core CLI? Also will I be able to redeem those outputs and send them to a "legacy" address? If so, will this second transaction be accepted by older, non-SegWit clients?


texts: How to recover a deterministic wallet offline?

texts:
I know that in the case of electrum there is a gap limit and it will keep generating addresses until it finds a number of consecutive empty addresses equal to the gap limit.

What about if I want to recover my wallet using my seed offline, suppose that electrum servers are not working and I want to recover my wallet. How can electrum know when to stop generating addresses noting that it has no access to the blockchain since the servers are down.


texts: Second, Third, Etc Confirmations taking a long time, why?

texts:
I have sent a bitcoin transaction of 0.18, you can see it here.

https://live.blockcypher.com/btc/tx/22bacef7d4fb78e4e90cd04540daad257a39cb4ab4510f9e0efe5a88efaf0f87/

I included a fee of 0.002 even though blockchain only recommended a fee of 0.00012 hoping it would help speed it along.

The first confirmation took about an hour, but I understood because it was spending an unconfirmed input.  Once that input confirmed, so did this transaction (at least I think thats why, I am not sure).

Anyway, that is fine, but now I have been waiting 40 minutes for the second confirmation.

I thought confirmations after the 1st were every time a new block was added to the chain.

So my question is,  why would this transaction take so long for a second confirmation?

Bonus Question:  Is there some way for me to see how many blocks have been added to the blockchain since the block my transaction is in?

Sorry if I'm way off or misinformed here,  but any help would be appreciated.


texts: Default behaviour when network partitions/pruned network

texts:
From people oposed to SegWit I have heard about the argument, that after SegWit activation, nodes may chose to drop/prune all Witnesses. From my understanding, this may not be much different from nodes who are already only storing a pruned version of the blockchain. And a node using the ruleset from SegWit would not accept a block without the witnesses, only the backwards compatible nodes that do not follow the ruleset from Segwit would?

My question is what the default behaviour of a core node is, when it receives block up to X, and the blocks thereafter are only header-files with the actual block data pruned.

In other words: what happens if my node is somehow kept away from the true/whole bitcoin network, so that my node only receives pruned blocks which cannot be verified. Would my node only accept the blocks up to the one which was a block with complete data and drop the rest until complete data is received for those? What if my node is a mining node?


texts: What is the fastest way to determine whether an address exists on the blockchain?

texts:
All I want is to determine whether a given address has ANY activity on the blockchain.  I've seen projects like bitcoin-abe, which might work, but I wondered if there were a simpler way than using abe, or using a web service (I'll be querying too much for this option)?

Thoughts welcome and appreciated.


texts:
I believe I transfer 1.3 bitcoin from exchange account to lending account.

Then I saw I have only .29 bitcoin left in my lending account.

So I did a search.

This is what I found

It says I have .29 balance in lending. I have 1.3 bitcoins.

I check my balance and it does say that I have 1.3 bitcoins.

However, 1 BTC is in "orders"

What orders? Open orders? None. None of my BTC are in open orders.

My zec balance is only small. So I do not think it's the issue.


texts: How to make a CryptoCurrency (preferably using Scrypt) in depth

texts:
I'm looking for a proper guide to creating a CryptoCurrency. I know this probably won't be easy, but I'm really determined, and do know how to code in some languages. (C++ Beginner).

I've heard a link say to apply a new genesis block to the code, don't even know where to start with this stuff.


texts: Validate 3rd party transactions on Bitcoin-qt debug window

texts:
Is there a way to validate a random transaction via transaction ID on the debug window? Imagine I want to validate a transaction between 2 wallets I don't control.

I believe its possible to check if such a transaction exists on the mempool "getmempoolentry" but can I also check the confirmations without having to decode a whole block like with "getrawtransaction"?


texts: How can I view the current blockchain size?

texts: How can I view the current size, preferably in bytes, of the blockchain? Is there a CLI command for bitcoind? Or a website that displays the size?


texts: Is there an active testnet for Bitcoin Cash?

texts:
To learn more about Bitcoin Cash, I would like to try some things on the testnet.  I installed bitcoin-abc, made a copy of an existing datadir from a Bitcoin Core testnet install, and ran bitcoin-abc -testnet -reindex.  It got as far as:

2017-08-08 15:54:14 UpdateTip: new best=00000000f17c850672894b9a75b63a1e72830bbd5f4c8889b5c1a80e7faef138 height=1155875 version=0x20000000 log2_work=69.338231 tx=14689192 date='2017-08-01 13:58:35' progress=0.993792 cache=154.7MiB(460629tx)
2017-08-08 15:54:14 ERROR: AcceptBlock: bad-txn-replay, non playable transaction (code 16) (block 00000000000005063e35114c186ffd196272310fbe8265012ba0151eef092430)
2017-08-08 15:54:14 Misbehaving: 80.100.203.151:18333 peer=1 (0 -> 10) reason: bad-txn-replay
2017-08-08 15:54:14 ERROR: ProcessNewBlock: AcceptBlock FAILED

I presume this is where the fork happened.  However, the client does not seem to be receiving any further blocks beyond this point.  It seems that many peers are being rejected as "misbehaving", presumably because they are really BTC nodes on the other branch of the fork.  (Though there are a lot of receive version message entries in the log that are not followed by Misbehaving.)

Are active transactions and mining taking place on the Bitcoin Cash testnet?  If so, how can I connect to nodes that know about it?  If not, why not?


texts: I would like to get Bitcoind to advertise that it is listening on an onion address.  However, I do not want to have Bitcoind use a tor socks proxy to connect.  I have a special router for tor connections and the Bitcoind server uses that as its network gateway.  How do I get bitcoind to advertise an onion address without setting a socks proxy?


texts:
I read the bitcoin references but I can't find a description regarding how bitcoin clients find other host in the p2p network.
Would you please tell me?


texts: Can a blockchain's transactions be reversed?

texts:
Blockchains are often described as 'immutable' (meaning the history cannot be rewritten after the fact), but is this really true? How easy is it to change the history?
I have read about the Ethereum DAO hack and how the blockchain has been hard forked to reverse a transaction by the hacker. This is very disappointing. I thought cryptos by design were irreversible, even with a hard fork.
How can we measure the immutability of a blockchain? Is Ethereum less safe than Bitcoin, for example?


texts: Cryptocurrencies based on RSA instead of ECDSA

texts: Bitcoin is based on ECDSA. Does anyone know of cryptocurrencies based on RSA for authentication?