texts: Non-standard transaction scripts broadcasting

texts:
I'm developing an application on Bitcoin blockchain, and I use output transaction scripts that are not standard according to the classic payment methods.
However, even so, on Tesnet everything works fine but I recently read on Bitcoin site the following:

So, appearently, Tesnet may relax some restrictions on transaction scripts, but it doesn't specify much more. So, now, I have no way of knowing if such output transaction scripts could be accepted on the Mainnet, except by buying some Bitcoins with money that I really don't have, and I'm also starting to wonder what is the purpose of the Testnet if its behaviour doesn't reflect the one of the real net and, even worse, what is the purpose of having a script language with such multiple instructions when you can actually use just a few of them.
Is someone able to give me more informations about all this?
Thanks in advance.


texts: Bitcoins transactions over 1000 confirmations, but amount remains red

texts:
I'm newbee,

I did several payments about 14 days ago.
There are 618 confirmations, but the amount remains red and nothing happens.
See the example of my blockchain wallet and 4 more examples.
The balance of my blockchain wallet is Zero.
In the other examples i have more then 1000 confirmations and still rising every hour.
What do I wrong ?


texts:
I just bought a couple of bitcoins. I got my wallet from Bitcom.org but I learned that there is this Electrum wallet which Id like to try. How do I open my wallet with the new App?

thanks!


texts: Can I receive bitcoin to a cold storage device without an exchange being involved?

texts: Do I have to use for example "coinbase" or another exchange to receive bitcoin to a "Ledger" device?


texts:
I've heard of Bitcoin OTC and P2P exchanges, but never used one.

How does one start?
What does the ranking/rating system mean?
How are exchanges done / reported?
Why can't I see any user rating when I view the orderbook?
Is it a for profit website?
Are there fees?


texts:
I'm trying Bitcoin for the first time, so I'm about 7 years behind. As far as I understand every bitcoin user has a copy of the entire transaction record that has happened for all time for all accounts. So, when I initially install Bitcoin Core which I am going to use for my wallet, it has to synchronize with a history that is already 7 years old.

This seems to take a lot of time and as far as I know will only get worse as

the number of users increases and
time since the first transaction increases.

Are there any methods to mitigate this?


texts: BitCoin Price Index -Studies on Relation to Network Hashrate and Block Difficulty?

texts:
Are there any available studies, articles or blog posts on this topic?

I am currently working on a market analysis including major bitcoin exchanges and the bitcoin price index. I'm specifically interested in the relevance of the network hashrate and block difficulty for spikes and drops in the BitCoin Price Index.

I have had some discussions with few traders, and there seemingly is no such study. I expect no surprises, but I feel like this should be measured, described and written down, rather than passed on by hearsay and witty comments.

Hence, I'm looking for anything related to the above mentioned topic, to compile it into a single piece for future reference.


texts: How bitcoin network appends new block in its Block-chain

texts:
Well, According to my research, After solving the cryptographic hash, when the multiple nodes broadcast the block at the same time as a suggestion to be the next block in the chain. Bitcoin network adds all those blocks to the chain.
Suppose three miners had successfully added blocks (a group of transactions). Means, now there are 3 chains. So, Now the next block will append which Block-chain 1st, 2nd or third? Please explain, How future blocks will append the Block-chain. Moreover, How the network will handle this situation?

Please let me know if my concept is wrong. I will appreciate your guidance. Thanks


texts: Where can I get a list of stale RBF'd transactions?

texts: I would like to prove that a certain transaction was in the mempool on a certain date before it got replaced via RBF with another transaction. Is there any service that provides this data?


texts: How to scan a QR code into bitcoinQT armory?

texts: im testing out bitcoinqt armory and was wondering how do i import a QR code paper wallet? there's no option to take a picture of my paper wallet. how can this be done easily?


texts:
Im not great with networking, especially IPv6, but my ISP must have enabled IPv6 as Im starting to see peers both in and out with IPv6 addresses.

I dont have a static IPv4 address, and releasing/renewing it is as simple as restarting my gateway, but IPv6 comes from the host, so is that going to tie transactions to a specific device?

Im not personally very concerned, Im just trying to understand more about how the network operates.


texts: Information about incoming transactions for a number of addresses

texts:
For a website I need to watch (read-only) a number of bitcoin addresses (like about 100) and to retrieve information about all incoming transaction (within the last week). I need for each incoming transaction the number of confirmations, the amount send, the time and from which address the transaction came.

Actually blockchain.info looks what I need, but the number of API calls seems to be limited to 1 every 10 secs. Also I do not see how I can read the senders addresses. So I think what I have to look into is JSON RPC and communicate with bitcoin demon. Is this the right direction?

Thanks, Marco


texts:
I follow the instructions for wallet backup and save them digitally. What's a convenient way to occasionally test my wallet backup. I want to make sure that I'm not doing something stupid & my backup method isn't creating unrecoverable garbage.

I can think of 2 ways for testing

Install the bitcoin client on another computer and import the backup & check balances
Rename my installed folder on the existing computer & do a fresh install on the existing computer.

But these methods are not very convenient. Is there a smarter way around it? e.g. a command line tool that'll check the file integrity and spit out some data with which you are reasonably confident that it's your wallet and has the right amount of coins.


texts:
Here's the pushed/broacast-ed tx http://tbtc.blockr.io/tx/info/d8e5dac095d5f6133e6c3f11e1d9f923c04dac0824f9f8ce0000573df7cc8080

txid was malleated to txid (when the tx was added into the block):

http://tbtc.blockr.io/tx/info/a9607981ae4bbf42ed0cfacc05455f9396c85a9e8aeb61474f3f7516c35430ec

I am watching all utx broadcasted on the testnet3 network using https://github.com/bitpay/bitcore-p2p

I did not see a9607981ae4bbf42ed0cfacc05455f9396c85a9e8aeb61474f3f7516c35430ec broadcast-ed I only saw d8e5dac095d5f6133e6c3f11e1d9f923c04dac0824f9f8ce0000573df7cc8080

How the hell did blockr.io see both the original broadcasted tx and the altered tx when it never was seen on the network?

What voo-doo magic is this?

Look, blockcypher didn't store the original broadcasted txid:
https://api.blockcypher.com/v1/btc/test3/txs/d8e5dac095d5f6133e6c3f11e1d9f923c04dac0824f9f8ce0000573df7cc8080

but they did store the malleated version:

https://api.blockcypher.com/v1/btc/test3/txs/a9607981ae4bbf42ed0cfacc05455f9396c85a9e8aeb61474f3f7516c35430ec

HOW?

related: How confirm my own doublespend transaction got confirmed and testnet3 frequent tx malleability


texts: Why is the witness data fee discounted by a factor of four?

texts: I've read that it encourages users to consolidate UTXO sets. How would it be doing that?


texts: Which Bitcoin RPC call is used for setting transaction priority?

texts: Is there is any bitcoin RPC call for setting the transactions priority ?


texts: Why is the output address a list in RPC/console?

texts:
Vout contains a list of addresses, which I noticed to be always with size = 1, if it exists. The following is an example from Bitcoin Testnet:

{
      "value": 0.91840581,
      "n": 2,
      "scriptPubKey": {
        "asm": "OP_DUP OP_HASH160 1416b8f3a1c1c7e3e73a05046f002e66004accc3 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG",
        "hex": "76a9141416b8f3a1c1c7e3e73a05046f002e66004accc388ac",
        "reqSigs": 1,
        "type": "pubkeyhash",
        "addresses": [
          "mhMB2g88n42ghQ5p1VA7Mt9VgTp9QvpDXU"
        ]
      }
    }

Why is the "addresses" (address) field a list? Are there any cases when this can take more than one address? Who can spend that then?


texts: c-lightning & Lightweight nodes (no local bitcoind)

texts:
I am trying to take advantage of the new release of c-lightning 0.6 that provide the ability to setup a lightweight node (i.e. No Local bitcoind instance running). But did not found any documentation how to do that yet.

What should I do in order to have a lightning node running a lightweight node? Is there a specific flag to use? or it is just a call from bitcoin-cli with a remote connexion flag setup on it?

Current setup:

Ubuntu 18.04 server
c-lightning 0.6


texts: Trying to open an old bitcoin core wallet.dat file fails

texts:
I am trying to open an old (~2012) bitcoin core wallet.dat with a bitcoin.com wallet, and it says that my password is incorrect, although it works great on my bitcoin core wallet.

Was there any change in the protocol since 2012 that could explain such a problem? (If I understood correctly, the only wallet in 2012 was bitcoin core's)


texts: How can I send altocoins from a long wallet adress 24-30 characters to a short wallet address that most exchanges have?

texts:
HI I have a  24 to 20 character long adress made for dash coins and Iam noticing all of the exchanges and the newer wallets give me  a shorter adress when I atempt to send from miner gate or from my gui made dash wallet to these short adresses I get an rpc error that the adress doesnt exist please help!
Iam new to this and I haven't been able to find anything about this


texts: My BCH is marked 'unspendable' in my Blockchain Wallet

texts: My BCH is marked 'unspendable' in my blockchain wallet. I entered my public address instead of my private address by mistake when I exported the BCH from my paperwallet. Is that the problem and how do I correct this?


texts: listreceivedbyaddress returns empty list

texts:
I tried bitcoind getnewaddress, but bitcoind listreceivedbyaddress still returned empty list

How to create a new address for receiving payments?


texts:
I have a whatsminer M3 working for the past 2 months with no problems at all, but yesterday it started acting strange since it is restarting every 15 minutes, all temperatures are fine between 80 to 85deg celsius, and I noticed that there is an event with the following data

Event: code E011
Event cause: Slot-0 Zero HS 1620 seconds
Event action: Zero HS warning
Event count: 3
Event source: System-monitor

I have searched everywhere but I couldn’t find anything, I also contacted Pangolinminer to no avail.

I really appreciate any help.

Thanks in anvance

Charles


texts: Is the NotHaus conviction (Liberty Dollar) relevant as legal precedent?

texts: Bernard von NotHaus (the creator of the Liberty Dollar) was convicted of violating a U.S. federal law that forbids the minting of a currency by anyone in the U.S. besides the federal government.  Might it be claimed that bitcoins are also a currency and their users or creators violate that same law?


texts: So someone sent me Bitcoin cash but the sender did not tell me it was Bitcoin cash. So I sent a Bitcoin address. I use Coinbase. Is my money lost? I can’t seem to get a private key or a public key from Coinbase? Please help.


texts: What is the cheapest way to acquire bitcoins?

texts:
What is the cheapest and easiest way to acquire bitcoin for a beginner?

I bought bitcoin from an ATM and had to pay 10% premium. I downloaded a mycelium wallet on my iPhone and I noticed that the fees are insane. A minimum fee is currently 12,68$ and if I want to send bigger amounts the fee is around 15%! I think these fees are just pure madness. I am currently looking different online sites but I don't know which one is the best. There are so many out there.

Could you guys help a beginner to buy some bitcoins?


texts: How can I use hashrate distribution to make inferences about when a specific pool will find a block?

texts:
Miners find blocks randomly but also proportionally to the miner's hashrate. How can I best predict and express this 'chance' per mining pool?

For example, if F2Pool has had 10% of the total mining hashrate for the past week, does it make sense to say that they will probably find 10% of the blocks moving forward?

What's the best way to express the notion? I'd like to be able to say something like:

"F2Pool has a 10% chance to find the next block in the next 10 minutes, and this approaches 100% after 10 blocks. Ie. F2Pool has a very good chance to find at least one block within the next 100 minutes."

Obviously there is never a 100% chance to find a block in the next x blocks, so what's the accepted way of giving a number but also with that undertone of "or maybe never?"

Is there an API or library I can use to calculate/know these 'chance' values over time per mining pool?


texts: How to convert Bitcoin cash address to cashAddress Format in PHP?

texts:
I've been trying with cashaddress-php but it doesn't work because the address should be in hex format, I tried with hex public hash key it also didn't work.

Invalid hash length [320 bits] for pubkeyhash

Is there's any way to convert legacy bitcoin-cash address to copay(cashAddr)?

Live example


texts: How can "undo" bitcoin transactions be "private"?

texts:
BitUndo private transactions:

  If you choose to make your undo transaction private, nobody will be
  able to see that you tried to undo a transaction, unless it succeed.
  You have to know that a private undo transaction has less chances to
  succeed, as is not distributed in the whole bitcoin network.

From what I know, for a undo transaction to even stand a chance of competing with the main transaction, it has to be broadcasted to the public network.

If so, then how does Bitundo "private transactions" work?


texts: OP_RETURN custom message in testnet transaction

texts: I would like to do a bitcoin transaction in testnet by embedding a custom message in the OP_RETURN. do i have to download the bitcoin core client with and the block chain to do that? or can i use a separate way without downloading the whole blockchain? Thanks!


texts: Do Receive addresses generated by blockchain.info's wallet expire with time?

texts:
Sender sent me BTC yesterday. I am expecting a deposit to my blockchain.info wallet but that has not happened in the past 20 hours.

I didn't give the sender my public address, but the receive address generated by the "Receive" button on the wallet.

Do those addresses expire? I gave the Receive addresses 6-8 weeks ago. Is it possible that the addresses generated by "Receive" button expire in 6-8 weeks time?

If so, can BTC sent to an expired Receive address be recovered?


texts:
I am wondering about the consequences of a potential 51% CPU attack on the bitcoin blockchain. Imagine that a state invests enough computational power to rewrite from scratch an entire blockchain, longer than the current bitcoin blockchain (maybe because the state wants to control money). In this forged blockain all blocks would be empty (no transactions), which means the state  owns all bitcoins as the result of mining.

In that case would it really be the end of bitcoin ? I have the impression that it would be easy to patch the nodes on the network to dismiss the forged blockchain, for example by banning the state's public key.

That would violate the intent of bitcoin that mathematics and cryptography replace trust in a third-party, but eventually bitcoin is used by people who need to trust it. They wouldn't want all their money destroyed by an attack.

Or are there 51% attacks harder to detect and to patch ? I am not asking about  short-chains attacks that would only rob a few merchants, rather about the global stability of bitcoin.


texts: Is there any Bitcoin Cash API that has similar features as BlockCypher? Important is the ability to create new addresses and create transactions.


texts:
i have sent 0.29379525 Bitcoin Cash (BCH) accidentally to my BTC wallet. and i have received nothing. Can you please help me?
here is the transaction id.
102260de41a9088ca0da20257cba0e054c10d1febe0d6b2b3ebb0a42d858d483
I just accidentally my BTC wallet instead of BCH
I sent BCH from my bittrex account to my bitpay account. I just copied BTC address from my bitPay account instead of BCH. and sent funds from my bittrex account to that wallet. how can i recover those funds? Transaction is confirmed from bittrex account. and bittrex support is not ready to help me.


texts: What is a relationship with total hash rate(hash power) and average block generation time?

texts:
This chart - hash rate means total hash rate of All minor?

I think the most significant factor for difficulty and block generation time is the hash rate of the biggest mining pool not total hash rate of all of minors.

I want to assure it that if there is a mining pool have 30% of total hash rate and this mining pool is the biggest pool.

Then this mining pool will succeed to find target hash value faster than others(stochastically).

Therefore, I think difficulty for block generation time will be set by this mining pool.

As a result, if other mining pools don't have a enough hash rate for example,  10% of total hash rate, then stochastically, it will takes 3 time more to find a traget value.

So i think the most significient factor is hash rate of the biggest mining pool

Am i thinking well?

And it seems like out of title, but i have one more question.

If fork is happened, Mining pool can recognize fork is happened?


texts: How can i mine bitcoins to direct wallet using JavaScript?

texts:
I heard that we can mine bitcoins using javascript direct to the wallet?

How can I create Program, script or application which direct mines to the wallet & I even search online but did not get any appropriate answer so, I am here for a suggestion or advice.


texts: Does 20 XRP become unusable once deposited in a wallet?

texts: If I'm sending, say 50 XRP, first time to an exchange or wallet, will 20 XRP be locked forever and become unusable? Since 20 xrp are required to activate that account.


texts: How to migrate Lightning (LND) from local laptop to external myNodeBTC node

texts:
I am in the process of migrating my LNP/BP stack from a Windows laptop to a dedicated myNodeBTC (RaspPi) device. My node on the Windows laptop was installed using Node Launcher.

I already have the new Bitcoin node running, but I haven't setup LND yet on the new device. I do have 3 Lightning channels open on the old device.

What's the current best practice for moving from the old node to the new node so that I don't lose any sats in the process?

I suppose I could just close all my channels and then move my sats to a different wallet, spin up the new node and re-establish my channels. But I'm not sure if that's the most network-friendly approach?

Thanks!


texts: Does the size of a pool affect the number of invalid shares?  If so why does it?


texts: A full node that I've had running for months just began to stall on a certain block. It seems to be refusing to update blocks beyond a certain timeframe. There are no processes spinning, network connection seems fine. I'm not sure where to check next...


texts: How do I create an offline transaction in java to broadcast via blockchain.info?

texts:
Blockchain.info has a PushTX API.

How do I create & sign a raw transaction in Java for use in this API?
Should I use bitcoinj?

Are there any code samples?


texts: find the maximum possible reward for creating a block using

texts:
I'm new to bitcoin development someone request from me to know the maximum possible reward for creating a block using some address.

My Questions :-
1- Which framework and tools can help to do that ?
2- Reference for learning ?


texts:
I'm reading this paper [1] that explain what happens when a user B wants to send money to the user A. The example says:

  When the miner finds a hash value with the correct number of zeros
  (i.e., the discovered value is lower than target value), the discovery
  is announced in the network, and both the Bob and the Alice will also
  receive a confirmation about the successful transaction.

After that:

  The Bitcoin protocol rewards the winning miner with the set of newly
  minted bitcoins as incentive, and the hashed block is published in the
  public ledger. Once Bob's transaction has been added in the
  blockchain, he and Alice each receive the first confirmation stating
  that the Bitcoin has been signed over to Alice.

Now I want understand some points:

It's true that B receives the transaction confirmation?
It's always true?
Apart Bitcoin, if we talk about Blockchain, every user that
sends a transaction towards another user, will receive the confirmation?

[1] - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.00916.pdf


texts: How can I see what is bitcoin tx for pending Lighting channel (lnd)

texts:
When I open a new Lightning channel from lncli I get the blockchain tx hash back.
But afterwards how can I find this hash later on, if the channel is still pending state?

lncli pendingchannels does not show any tx data and lncli listchaintxns does not show unconfirmed bitcoin tx.

thanks


texts: What will happen to mining after the 20 999 999th Bitcoin?

texts:
After the 21 millionth bitcoin or 20,999,999th bitcoin is mined, what will happen to bitcoin mining? - will it just stop, or will we make a further division of the satoshi thanks to Bitcoin's infinite divisibility? Or maybe miners could mine a share of the Bitcoin transaction fee...

Any suggestions/mathematical answers are appreciated.


texts: Exhaustive technical explanation of signing & verification

texts:
I apologize for such a noobish question and am ashamed that I'm not getting this yet, but I can't seem to put together all of the pieces.  I've read every question I can find on the subject, the Satoshi paper, and bitcointalk.

How exactly is a transaction signed?

How exactly is a transaction verified?  I simply cannot understand how secure transactions signed with private keys that are presumably unknown to all else can be confirmed to be valid and correct without actually knowing the private key itself.  Please show me in detail how this works.

I know this looks like a dupe, but I've read every related question, and I just can't get to that "ah ha" moment that puts it all together.


texts:
I want to extract all public keys from the blockchain. Those will probably mostly be keys that have been used to sign transactions.

How would I do this?


texts: Is bitcoin actually some sort of private key?

texts:
I read about bitcoins, block chain etc, but i am confused in one basic element.

What actually a bitcoin, is bitcoin actually a pseudo-random private key that is assigned to miner as a reward when he solves computational puzzle?

When person A sends bitcoin transaction to person B, actually means he gives private key of those bitcoins to person B?


texts:
I see some bitcoin documentation sites reference dummy addresses like "1bitcoinEaterAddressDontSend32425663" or something made up like that. I'd assume it's just so people reading the docs won't try to "tip" the writer and send to a foobar address that was made up for the sake of example.

That said, I find addresses under this schema that actually have quite a bit of bitcoins in them. Like hundreds of transactions+ and thousands of USD worth (circa 2016 for future readers).

Here is an example (1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE): https://blockchain.info/address/1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE

Who are these people sending money here, what's the point? Can anyone shed some light, lol.


texts: How is the Max Target of a Genesis Block Decided?

texts:
I've been diving into the world of Blockchain and crypto lately, trying to build my understanding of mining specifically. I understand that in POW systems, the difficulty of the first block is 1, and the current difficulty can be seen as being "current difficulty multiples harder than the first block" to mine (aka it scales linearly).
What I've been having a hard time figuring out, though, is how the designers of POW systems settled on the maximum target for their first blocks. To quote another stackoverflow answer:

Satoshi decided to use 0x1d00ffff as a difficulty for the genesis block, so the target was 0x00ffff0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.

This leaves me with a few questions:

Is there a reason to why Satoshi picked this number specifically?
How does this relate to other cryptos?
Is the max target fairly arbitrary so long as the designer is careful not to pick a max target that's too low?
(3b) If so, does the max target not matter in the same way after the first re-target (i.e., after the first 2016 blocks in bitcoin's case)?

My reasoning for asking this question is because when I look at the difficulty charts for cryptocurrencies, I've been curious if they're relatable to one-another, that is, if you could reason that because BTC has a difficulty of X and LTC has a difficulty of Y, you could determine which to mine based on difficulty and block reward alone.


texts: Difficulty for hash (reversed function of "does hash met difficulty/target")

texts: What is an algorithm to determine what maximum difficulty already found hash meets?


texts: Is "previousblockhash" always returned from getblock RPC calls?

texts:
Does the getblock(hash) RPC call always return a "previousblockhash" field and if not: under what conditions does it not return this?

Background: many algorithms suggest using this field as a way to step back in the blockchain when an orphan or reorganization occurs but the C++ code would indicate this field isn't always present.

if (blockindex->pprev)
        result.push_back(Pair("previousblockhash", blockindex->pprev->GetBlockHash().GetHex()));

Would that be due to chain reorganizations and orphans? Can anyone explain what dynamics would make this check fail and what the next step would be if it does?


texts: What if the miners allowed invalid transactions, and other nodes did validation?

texts:
Here Peter Todd writes:

  [A]s an optimization
  Bitcoin goes a step further and disallows invalid transactions to be published
  in the blockchain at all, but that's the thing: that's just an optimization
  that full-nodes don't actually need to operate.

Maybe I'm misunderstanding this, but it seems to be an interesting idea: the blockchain can contain invalid transactions, but all validating nodes will ignore them. I'm thinking, what if bitcoin was designed this way, or if someone created such hard fork, could it work? If yes, what drawbacks should be expected?

Correct me if I'm wrong, but probably Counterparty already works in this way, since they use bitcoin blockchain.


texts: Why I have some many address when I only created two wallet address in Electrum?

texts:
I am new to this. I have created two new wallet addresses (labeled init and init2). However, when I click "View > Show Addresses," I found a lot of addresses.
Why?
What do receiving and change mean on the Type column?
Can somebody help?


texts: Hosted web wallet based on bitcoin core - approach to handling keys

texts:
I'm building a website for my client, that is essentially a web-based hosted wallet.

I'm going to use bitcoin core and talk to it via its API in order to handle the transactions.

I understand that I can allow users to export their private keys and import them by using

  dumpprivkey

and

  importprivkey

The question is: after several thousands of users will create their wallets, the server's wallet.dat file is going to be really huge.
Would that make the bitcoin server slow?

I'm thinking about queuing all the requests to the bitcoin server and store there only one key at a time. But that would require to restart the server everytime, and would basically make every request time consuming?

What is the correct approach to this?

Thank you


texts: When a transaction is broadcast to the network, what is actually being sent?

texts: When a transaction is broadcasted to the network, what is being sent? Is it a hash? if yes, is it going to be the hash of: previous transaction + public key of the receiver?


texts: Forgotten password for wallet. Must a password be entered before spending?

texts:
I was about to spend some bitcoins but Bitcoin Core required my password, which I don't remember, to complete transaction... The wallet is open but cant use bitcoins.
I would like to know if before ANY transaction, you must ALWAYS enter password. This is the first time I try to send bitcoins so I don't know how this goes...
Thanks.


texts:
I installed bitcoin-qt and my wallet was all synced, everything working as it should. I sighed up for slush's pool and was trying to connect the 2 and I think I may have clicked the box to run SOCKS proxy (if I am remembering right)  Now my wallet will not show up on my desktop and when I click the icon I get 2 errors:

Unable to bind to 0.0.0.0:8333 on this computer. Bitcoin is probably already running.
Failed to listen on any port. Use -listen=0 if you want this.

I am running Fedora 18.  I tried to uninstall/reinstall and ended up with the same issue, i'm assuming I did not uninstall ALL of the initial package/program.

Can someone help PLEASE!!

Thank you!!


texts: Is it possible to have multiple wallets which send money and/or multiple wallets which receive money in a SINGLE transaction?

texts: Or every transaction consists of only one sending wallet and one receiving wallet.


texts: Remotely call getinfo from bitcoin server

texts:
doing a bit of research on what versions of bitcoin client nodes are using, i have a long list of clients connected to the network, i was wondering what is the best way to get the version - is there a way / script where i can connect to the nodes and request the getinfo packet from ?

Thanks


texts: So the scriptsig field in the transaction, is created with the signature and public key. In order to create the signature, we need the R and S values of a ECDSA signature. I figured how to sign a string with Secp256k1, but I haven't figured out exactly what am I signing.


texts: Do OP_RETURN messages persist on the blockchain?

texts:
I've been doing a lot of reading on OP_RETURN, and I want to understand something that still seems unclear. When we create a transaction with OP_RETURN (which I understand will not eternally pollute node's RAM as the transaction is not put into the UTXO database), is the OP_RETURN data replicated across the blockchain?

This answer from a related question here (Blockchain transaction message length limit) states that the OP_RETURN is not part of the Bitcoin protocol, and the OP_RETURN data can only be accessed using blockchain.info, which doesn't make sense from what I've read, as the code to standardize the number of bytes for OP_RETURN messages is directly within the Bitcoin source-code, and therefore is part of the protocol, right?

TL;DR: I'm trying to make an application which utilizes OP_RETURN, and I would like to know if the OP_RETURN data exists on the blockchain forever, and can be retrieved using APIs other than blockchain.info.


texts:
based on this answer rev files contains information for dealing with reorgs.
If I think reorg longer than let's say a month are highly unlikely, could I safely delete rev*.dat files older than a month?


texts: What is the most expensive part of mining?

texts:
From my understanding, miner's take a bunch of transactions and use a nonce, previous block and the transaction data to try and find a hash that beats the difficulty. As soon as this happens, will their block be added, and then 99 blocks later the BTC will be awarded.

Is the solving aspect of the hash the most expensive part, for the computer? Or is gathering the transactions and confirming them more expensive?

How does one confirm the transactions? Do they have to traverse the entire blockchain, or only find the most recent ledger which shows both user's balances to confirm?


texts: What's the history behind the first btc exchange

texts:
I've found out that the first BTC exchange was "BitcoinMarket.com" but I didn't find any information on it or any other exchanges that started at that time.

So the question is how did this first market came to be? How did it start? Why was it closed? Who started it and why?

I would be really grateful for any more info on this.


texts: Can Scripts be used to implement Chargebacks?

texts:
I went ahead and wrote this semi-detailed post about how to implement Chargebacks, when I hit my head and said "Doh, maybe this can just be implemented more cleanly with Scripts".

So ... is there a way to use scripts to create a chargeback mechanism in Bitcoin? Has this been discussed before? (please provide links)


texts: Where is the code that receives blocks that miners have just solved

texts:
I was just looking through the Bitcoin code but since I am relatively new to C++ I was wondering, if anybody could tell me where the code responsible for receiving blocks that have just been mined by someone else is located.

My understanding is that when a miner successfully solves a block, it is broadcasted to the entire system. What I am looking for is the code responsible for how that broadcast is intercepted by other nodes if that makes more sense.

Thanks.


texts: How was transaction a4bfa8ab6435ae5f25dae9d89e4eb67dfa94283ca751f393c1ddc5a837bbc31b mined?

texts: The OP_HASH256 puzzle transaction described here was mined in block 211997. But I read that only standard transactions (with outputs one of P2PK, P2PKH, bare multisig, P2SH, OP_RETURN) get relayed. So how did this transaction get relayed and mined?


texts: Currently the incentives for miners are the block-awards and transaction fees. Suppose I want to create a Bitcoin-like hash-chain for other purposes than storing coins (for example: storing messages), how could one create an incentive for miners to do the work?


texts: How much time in average does it take for an simple PC to create block?

texts:
Let's say I have simple computer (CPU- Intel i7 for example), and I start mining blocks in the bitcoin network. How much time in average does it take to create 1 block? (1 per week? 1 per month? 1 per 3 month? ....)

And if the answer is 1 per month or something like that, why not all the world participate in the mining process? it seems like an easy money to earn ...
And that's why I think that I missed something in my knowledge

Thanks in advance!


texts: How do I recover Bitcoins from a Change address that is in a corrupted wallet?

texts:
I am running Bitcoin-Qt for Mac 0.8.1 beta

I received a "wallet.dat corrupt salvage failed" error and the client refused to launch.

I replaced the wallet.dat with a backup made a few hours earlier and on launching the client, I found that almost all my Bitcoins had been transferred to an alien address which I did not recognise, and had certainly not initiated.

One possible explanation is that these Bitcoins have been transferred to a Change address. But how can I access this?


texts: How to add handwritten key or code to a wallet

texts: I am actually a newbie who bought twenty (2) bitcoins in 2010 and I have only just found where I copied down the code or key. How do I get this code or key onto a wallet or USB? Please advise.


texts: Are there online cryptowallets where I can upload my wallet.dat to get my balance?

texts:
I have some wallet.dat files from the time I was fiddling with cryptocurrencies years ago.

Tried to open them using the wallet clients of each one, they load, but I have to download (and process?) the whole blockchain to know the actual balance, and it's taking a lot of time and disk space.

Are there any online services that already have the blockchain so I just load my wallet.dat to get my balance?

I know there are security risks about giving my wallet.dat, my idea is to then transfer the wallet balance to another online wallet like coinbase.

Any advice is welcome since I'm out of the loop.


texts: How to generate PPCoins using Proof of Stake?

texts:
PPCoins uses Proof of Stake (in addition to Proof of Work) to generate coins.

Must the client be online for this generation to happen?
Do PPCoins stored in any web wallets / exchanges generate coins for you?


texts: How to specify the right input and output to be signed for SIGHASH_SINGLE

texts: For my understand, when building a new TX, need to produce a new scriptSig for the TX; and need add a sigHash code at the end of the TX. If the sighash type is SIGHASH_SINGLE, for a TX with multiple input and output, how to specify the right input and output to sign.


texts: How do I sort the output of listtransactions "*"?

texts:
I am testing some new code, and need to sort the output of listtransactions. Ultimately I need to verify that there are no duplicate txids.

How do I output  ./bitcoind -datadir=1 listtransactions "*" to a logfile, or sort it directly in the terminal window?


texts: Transaction 30MB+ from the tip for days, new message when I logged in today. Please explain

texts: I had a pending transaction pending for days. I was in no rush and was not going to increase the fees.  I received a new message when I logged into the wallet today. It stated the transaction was on the local network and needed to be broadcast.  I had already broadcast it and signed it days ago. Please explain. Thank you.


texts: How to use the configuration file to change the database cache size of Bitcoin Core GUI?

texts: The cache size is 450MB by default. How to use the configuration file to change the cache size?I know that it can be changed directly through the UI interface. But I want to know if using configuration file changes can also achieve the goal, because I want to know whether my configuration file takes effect.


texts: How can I use Bitcoin privately with the Electrum wallet and Tor?

texts:
I do not want to run a full node like Bitcoin Core but still want privacy running an SPV node like Electrum wallet to use Bitcoin.

How can I setup to run Electrum privately with Tor?


texts:
I've done a minor amount of research into the topic of bitcoin mining using ASICs and FPGAs, and I've started wondering:

Could these be used as GPUs (possibly specialized to a subset of what modern GPUs are capable of)?  If they're so much faster than GPUs, what is preventing them from being adopted as a GPU replacement?  Is it just that they are specialized hardware and simply can't perform all the tasks a modern GPU can?

And as a quick side-question: Do password crackers use these as well?  If not, why?


texts: How can a Bitcoin transaction be used multiple times (If it is so)?

texts: My understanding is that a transaction is a transfer of value between Bitcoin wallets that gets later included in the block chain. So a Bitcoin transaction is used only once in my understanding.


texts:
When installing the zcash client for the first time it downlods a bulk of around 900 MiB in zkSNARK parameters. I am wondering: why and what are they exactly used for? Is this a security feature? How to verify the parameters?

What are zkSNARK parameters and how to verify them?


texts: Are bitcoin exchanges all connected to each others? or just close platform

texts:
I wonder these exchanges, e.g. mtgox , bitstamp, bitcoinChina...etc, are they using API to connect to each others?

or they just closed exchange, the price sync are from the free market?


texts: I made a Bitcoin Core deposit and don't have a big enough HDD to download data

texts: Wondering if anyone can help me. I downloaded bitcoin core (not realising you have to download all bitcoin data with it) and I am on a mac so I don't have enough disk space to complete the download (even if my disk was empty). I therefore have BTC in the account but will never be able to spend it, is there anything I can do?


texts:
Is it possible to add more outputs than one to the coinbase transaction? And if it is, can miners use them to repay users for renting hash to the pool?
I think in this case they know who to pay and this could prevent blocks from being found almost instantly and empty.


texts: Trying to use Block Erupters with Ubuntu 13.04

texts:
I'm trying to Mine with ASICMiner's Block Erupters on Ubuntu 13.04. I've installed everything (bitcoin-qt, cgminer, bfgminer, I've got the block erupters in usb hubs hooked up to my ubuntu box).

But neither CGMiner, nor BFGMiner detect the block erupters...

When I go to /dev I see 18 ttyUSB[0-17] devices, I guess that's probably them, but I don't really know how to tell if my system can even see them.

I have the hubs they're plugged into hooked up to another usb hub so that you've got the first hub coming out of one usb port from the box and the ANKER hubs that hold the block erupters are both hooked up to that. I don't know if that's messing it up.


texts: In Electrum, is it possible to restore a wallet from seed, from command line?

texts:
Technically, it should be always possible to restore an Electrum wallet from the seeds.  I know it can be done via GUI, from the New/Restore wizard.

Let's say if we are to put this wallet a machine where GUI is not available, or too cumbersome to set up.  In such case, I wonder if it is possible to restore a wallet from the seeds.

Question:

Is it possible to restore a wallet from seeds at command line?


texts: How to quickly get the target of the next block to be mined from bitcoin-core over RPC?

texts:
The target for the next block is available in getblocktemplate but I can not figure out if there is a way to get the target without also getting all of the pending transactions, which can take a very long time and generate lots of data.
You could also use getbestblock to get the top block and then use getblockheader to get the previous 2016 blocks and then do the math based on the times, but again this is very slow and data heavy.
Is there a fast way to determine the target for the next block from bitcoin-core over RPC?


texts: Does buying bitcoins and not spending them have negative influence of the bitcoin price?

texts: I'm curios whether stock investing behavior have negative infect on the price of the bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Since popular delusion is that the crypto is like a stock where you buy coins and wait for the right time to exchange it. What if most of the people don't wanna spend there bitcoins will that make them unpractical for use?


texts: Block chain debit beyond account balance

texts: A newbie question. How does block chain distributed system prevent debit beyond account balance? Let us say I have only $100 in my account and tried to do two $100 payments quickly.  If the second payment went to a server in the distributed system that is yet to know about the first transaction, curious how the second payment is handled?


texts: I have had bitcoin for a little bit now.  It has been going very smoothly.  I have set up 3 accounts for various activities, privacy, and security reasons.  I now can not get all of the block chain.  When I go to download more of the block chain it just sits at 175408.  I have been at it for hours.  When I first got bitcoin it worked perfectly, but now even after reinstalling the bas** it is still stuck there, and my total connections went from eight to a one.  If anybody has any suggestions on to what the problem could be I would be grateful.


texts: Valid public key check in transaction output

texts:
Let's say I build a P2MS output script using uncompressed public keys, and let's say too that these public keys are not valid, i.e. they do not represent a valid EC Point and they don't start with 0x04.
Will this transaction be broadcasted and included in a block or, among all the validity and standardness checks, a peer also controls that public keys are valid and rejects the transaction if they aren't ?
Thank you very much !


texts: If someone bought an old computer and found Bitcoins in it, could they use it (legally)?

texts:
Let's say someone bought a used computers which has a copy of a bunch of Bitcoin keypairs. Is he legally allowed to transfer them?

Is this case analogous to finding a pile of cash inside a used bag?


texts: Why was the target block time chosen to be 10 minutes?

texts:
According to the wiki, 10 minutes was chosen as a 'tradeoff'.

Why ten minutes specifically? It is a tradeoff chosen by Satoshi between propagation time of new blocks in large networks and the amount of work wasted due to chain splits.

However in the original Satoshi paper, 10 minutes is merely assumed for the purposes of calculating disk space requirements.

A block header with no transactions would be about 80 bytes. If we suppose blocks are
generated every 10 minutes, 80 bytes * 6 * 24 * 365 = 4.2MB per year.

Is there a discussion elsewhere that explains how the 10 minute block time was arrived at?


texts: Question about extracting BCC from a paper wallet

texts:
I have some pre-split BTC in a paper wallet. Now, I found an article that describes how I can extract BCC from it using Electrum and Electron Cash. Basically the steps are:

Install Electrum wallet, import your paper wallet into it
From Electrum wallet, send your BTC elsewhere (possibly a new paper wallet)
Install Electron Cash, import the same private key and you should see your BCC balance there and be able to use it

Question: do we really need step #1 - can I just import BTC from my paper wallet into an exchange for example, without first using Electrum wallet?


texts: How to get the general population to pay more in transaction fees?

texts:
When mining becomes less profitable* what options are there for miners and mining pools to persuade or insist that end users pay more in transaction fees?

I'm interested in

Specific code changes that need to be done in miners (to exclude low fee Tx)
Business plans (or description thereof)
Incentives of various types (..free Namecoins if pool X processes your Tx)

Sure there will probably always be miners who accept zero fee Tx but I am thinking that this might become the minority over time.  As a result these zero fee miners will finish fewer blocks and will cause zero fee Tx to be delayed before being added to a block.

*Mining can become less profitable for a number of reasons: increased difficulty, poor conversion rates, decreased reward, higher costs (hardware, electricity), or government regulation & taxation on mining income.


texts: How does "headers first" affect BLKxxxx.dat structure?

texts:
Assuming a full node running Bitcoincore v0.10 (with txindex=1), how exactly does the new "headers first" functionality affect the structure of the blockchain data? (Specifically, the blkxxxx.dat data, though perhaps I'm unaware of other files which are ancillary to the data structure).

The README.md for the release specifies that there's no v0.9.x back-compatibility for v0.10 blockchain blk data.

  Because release 0.10.0 makes use of headers-first synchronization and
  parallel block download (see further), the block files and databases
  are not backwards-compatible with older versions of Bitcoin Core or
  other software:

  Blocks will be stored on disk out of order (in the order they are
  received, really), which makes it incompatible with some tools or
  other programs. Reindexing using earlier versions will also not work
  anymore as a result of this.

How then, does the 0.10 version blk data get parsed by the client? And by extension, why does "headers first" change the structure at all, given it seems to logically set up "a template" for the Tx data to sit?


texts: What are some Bitcoin / blockchain projects that are actually doing something?

texts:
There are hundreds of blockchain startups out there across a range of industries -- from finance to media to property management. They have identified significant problems and ways that blockchain can solve them. On paper, it all sounds awesome.

But how many blockchain companies or projects have created working solutions? It seems to me that most companies just have ideas, and are still working on their code. In the best cases their platforms are still in the alpha stages and they might have a few users or partners (who are usually willing to pay or be paid in cryptocurrency, which makes them different from the public at large), but have not yet really made a big impact.

Can anyone think of examples of blockchain companies or projects that have a real, fully functioning platform that is actually being used by a critical mass of users who are not themselves all blockchain fanatics?

I'm not asking to be critical. I am really excited by the potential of blockchain. But when people who are not blockchain geeks ask me for examples of how blockchain is actually being used in a meaningful way today, rather than how it could theoretically be used in the future to solve all sorts of problems, I don't have good answers.

I know this question is about blockchain as a whole, not just Bitcoin, but there is no blockchain Stack Exchange, so here we are.


texts: Mining Theory: GPU/ASIC Computation vs Co-processor Computation

texts:
I am very new to bitcoin and I am trying to understand a bit about mining theory. I do not dispute the convention of using ASIC based computation for bitcoin mining, but rather I'm curious about why they outperform co-processors like this for mining. Maybe a nuanced discussion of a few of the various trade-offs would be the easiest and clearest way to understand things. Let me break it down like this:

Parallelism: Co-processors are mostly used for task parallel code (non-vectorized code) whereas GPUs are adept at data parallel (vectorized) code. Two questions come to mind:

Are all mining codes in vectorized languages?
Can there ever be a benefit to mine in task parallel code? It seems like with bitcoin mining, there is only 1 task: crunching numbers. Am I oversimplifying it though? Perhaps with task parallelism one could run other algorithms to assist with the number crunching (such as compression, flush to zero, ect).

Calculations: Speaking of flush to zero, GPU's tend to perform better than co-processors with floating point calculations. However, co-processors perform better in logical as well as arithmetic calculations.

Is floating point calculation more important than logical/arithmetic in bitcoin mining?

Latency:

Since GPUs run in sync, the whole dataset has to be transferred at the beginning and end of each task, but co-processors can move all the data from RAM to Host RAM in a fraction of a second. I'm not sure if this is true of ASIC processors, maybe it's different.

Would the issue of latency ever warrant the use of co-processors for mining, or is latency not a big issue?

Main Question Could there ever be a pure co-processor mining machine? What about a hybrid system using an array of co-processors and GPUs for the best of both worlds? Or would GPUs beat co-processors every time? Why or why not?

You may approach this question from any angle as per the content above. The answer doesn't have to answer all questions, I thought I would just include a few interrelated questions for robustness/comparison purposes.

I want to stipulate some assumptions to make sure the answer is mostly from a theoretical standpoint. I want to make the logistics of it all mostly out of scope.

Assumptions

Power consumption is out of scope
Unit price of GPUs and co-processors is out of scope (obviously
co-processors are ungodly expensive)
Cost of electricity is out of scope


texts: Blockchain and user rights to ask for personal data removal

texts:
Some countries (France with the CNIL, and more generally European - but probably many other - countries) have laws that give the right to users of online services to ask for permanent unsubscription / personal data removal from their database.

This seems impossible with a blockchain technology: we cannot remove past blocks without breaking the whole structure integrity.

It might not be a problem with BitCoin, for which there is no real personal data (data is linked to a private/public key, not to a username / physical identity), but still those questions might apply more generally to the growing blockchain industry.

How to deal with the legal right of data removal for users in a blockchain paradigm?


texts: How do I make p2pool accessible from outside my network?

texts:
I want my pool to be accessible from the public, i have forwarded port 9332 and 9333 on both udp/tcp, and its still not possible, and the system firewall is open for that, for example i cant access the pool stats through http://external_WAN_IP:9332 but i haven't yet tested using a miner and connect it to the pool.

i have set up the pool according to the instructions here http://p2pool.in with the latest version 14.0


texts: Redeem script. script hash, witness script and witness program

texts:
I have a little confusion about naming in Bitcoin.

Redeem script is the conditions that will be satisfy.
For example P2PKH inside P2SH

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 <PubKHash> OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG == redeem script

In P2SH-P2WPKH the redeem script is:

  The P2SH redeemScript is always 22 bytes. It starts with a OP_0,
  followed by a canonical push of the keyhash (i.e. 0x0014{20-byte
  keyhash}).

Sometime It call script hash, and during the transaction I need to insert the redeem script in witnessScript. "witnessScript": "hex",    (string) (required for P2WSH or P2SH-P2WSH) witness script

Then the redeem script in segwit environment is called redeem script, script hash or witness script?

Witness program

  A scriptPubKey (or redeemScript as defined in BIP16/P2SH) that consists of a 1-byte push opcode (for 0 to 16) followed by a data push between 2 and 40 bytes gets a new special meaning.

Witness program depends on script could be scriptPubkey or redeem script?


texts: Is there any reliable source of information regarding the estimation of the number of payments that occur in Lightning Network every day? If the total number is impossible to estimate are there any nodes that publish their throughput i.e. the number of payments they handle every day?


texts:
I am trying to send a message to another account with two confirmations using the Phasing options in a message to add two different accounts. The problem is the message takes from 1 minute to 2 minutes to be sent. On the other hand when one of the users tries to approve the transaction also takes from 2 minutes till 5 minutes sometimes or more, and very rare it's quicker.

I have tried these operations using the local NXT with Testnet: locahost:6876, and the online Tool using the following URL: demo.jelurida.com.

Is there another way to do this quickly? I have read about Ardor too do you think it's a better choice?

Thanks in Advance,


texts: What prevents a transaction being added to the block chain twice?

texts:
As I understand it, a transaction basically consists of a from address, to address, amount and some component that verifies that the owner of the from_address has requested the transaction. A transaction is broadcast to the network in the hope that it will get included into a freshly mined block.

If the miner can choose which transactions to add to a block. How does the Bitcoin protocol stop a miner from re-adding an existing transaction to the chain? and thus recreating the transaction and doubling the effect of the transaction.

Surely it is not feasible to search the entire transaction history to make sure the transaction hasn't already been included.

EDIT - from a bit of further research, it looks like including a confirmed transaction will render a block invalid and it will be rejected by other Bitcoin nodes. But how can you determine if the block contained an already confirmed transaction in an efficient way?


texts: ELI5: is it true that Base58 doesn't prevent typo, but Base58check does, really because there is a checksum?

texts:
I am reading the book Grokking Bitcoin by Manning 2019.
It first said, if John sends the token (bitcoin) to the cafe owner but made a typo in the cafe's address (the PKH), then that token is "burned" and gone forever. Nobody can use it whatsoever.
So to safeguard it, Base58check is used.  But Base58, like Base64, is merely to convert some numbers to different representation of characters, and can be converted back and forth freely by anybody.
But it seems like, what is at work to prevent the "typo" is not Base58, but that there is a 4 byte "checksum", perhaps like some banks, when you tell them the account number, they have a one digit checksum which is the last digit of your account number, to see whether the checksum match.
So the Base58check really depends on this "checksum" to verify that you didn't make a typo, and the odds that you made a typo but the checksum still checks is by that 4 bytes, therefore is 32 bit and is 1 in 4 billion odds?  So it is not Base58 itself, but the "check" part or the "checksum"?


texts: Can I check if an old *.aes.json file has some value?

texts:
Several years ago after 2012 I was doing some bitcoin work, had some accounts but then stopped doing anything after 2017.
Now, I just came across a file in my file system called "wallet_25_01_2015_03_35_54.aes.json". Content starts with "{"pbkdf2_iterations":5000,"version":2,"payload":"FxQWM" and then it goes on and on.
I do not recall the clients or accounts I had but is there a way for me to see what this file was for?


texts: How can I calculate network hashrate for a given range of blocks where difficulty changes somewhere within the range?

texts:
Not sure if the title is poorly worded, but here's what I'm looking to do.

If I have a range of blocks and I want to calculate the hashrate, I can do something similar to what is found here.

To take it a step further, I'd like to be able to calculate hashrate for a given number of blocks from the current block. Using the example provided above, this is rather trivial.

However, I'm running into issues doing this when the difficulty changes somewhere within the range of blocks.

Take last night as an example. Difficulty changed to roughly ~390M. Prior to that it was roughly ~267M.

How would I go about calculating an average network hashrate for a given range where the difficulty has changed within that range?

Thank you for the help!


texts:
I have a mining rig, with 2 PCIe (already being used) and 4 PCIs without use. I was thinking to buy a PCI based ATI card like http://www.club-3d.com/index.php/products/reader.en/product/radeon-hd-5450-pci-noiseless-edition.html but I was wondering if anybody has experience running PCI GPUs to mine.

EDIT: to avoid off-topic:

I'm not interested in FPGA or ASIC. I just want to know if the card cited is able to, for example, do opencl.


texts:
I'm running the "official client" (12 MB zipped version) on a Windows platform.

What are the risks (to my wallet) when the computer crashes due to overheating, BSOD, power failure, etc?

Is the "official client" crash-resistant?


texts: Bitcored: cannot locate the bindings files . Tried

texts: I am trying to start bitcored but I'm receiving the error below.


texts: How exactly do you calculate how many hashes your hardware is generating?


texts: How do I exchange the issuer of my BTC in Ripple?

texts:
I see Ripple now has 2 Gateways, WeExchange and Bitstamp.
I sent 1 BTC to WeExchange, and got in return 1 "WeExchange BTC in Ripple".

How do I exchange it directly for 1 "Bitstsamp BTC in Ripple"?

The Trade page in the client doesn't seem to allow me to select BTC as both ends of a trade. I don't want to go through another intermediate currency, I think I'll lose a lot because of the margins - I expect that trading BTC issued by different exchanges should be relatively without spread.


texts: Which Bitcoin exchanges allow anyone to fund your account by a bank transfer?

texts: I know MtGox doesn't allow for such transfers to prevent money laundering. Which exchanges allow for anyone to fund your account with a bank transfer (USD preferable).


texts: How are transactions in forks verified efficiently?

texts:
In this answer here, it's stated that Bitcoin uses a hashtable of all currently unspent outputs, in order to verify that the inputs of transactions haven't already been spent.

How does this interact with forks? If the Bitcoin client receives some blocks that go at the end of a fork that isn't the longest fork (perhaps, once they have all been verified, the new fork will be longer), how does it know what outputs are unspent in the fork that the blocks are being added to? A hashtable of unspent outputs in the current longest fork won't cut it.


texts: Relative licensing restrictions of Ethereum and other projects- Open Source?

texts:
Is Ethereum open source?

I've heard different things from different people.

Stephan Tual has written:

"Everything at Ethereum, including our website, our tools, our whitepapers and of course our all of our software and compilers are 100%, wall to wall open source and under the GPL."

But then what about the Ethereum Foundation?

How does the open-sourceiodicity of Ethereum compare to that of Bitcoin? How does it compare to that of the proposed "private blockchain" Hyperledger project?


texts: How do hard forks avoid peering with each other?

texts:
I understand that in a hardfork (e.g. the actual Bitcoin vs. Bitcoin Cash/Gold) the blockchains would diverge because the miners and clients have different rules to accept a valid block. It makes sense to me how you could get two or more divergent databases in this way, theoretically.

What's less clear to me is how the actual network joins itself together in practice. Are full nodes on one chain constantly bombarded by the blocks of the other? What keeps a spend [of pre-fork holdings] on one chain from accidentally — or for that matter intentionally! — propagating to the other?


texts: What is the standard InvoiceID for a Ripple Bitcoin bridge?

texts:
In Ripple, bridges often encode a Bitcoin address as an InvoiceID in a transaction. According to Services API wiki page, InvoiceID is represented as UInt256, so it should be padded. Which is the standard way of padding the InvoiceID?

For example, having an address in hex form - 00010966776006953D5567439E5E39F86A0D273BEED61967F6

According to this code, the address should be padded on the right, like 00010966776006953D5567439E5E39F86A0D273BEED61967F60000000000000000000000
If one submits a transaction to rippled without the padding, it gets padded on the left, like 000000000000000000000000010966776006953D5567439E5E39F86A0D273BEED61967F6


texts: I built a miner, got a hash block, now what? Where do I send it?

texts:
So as an exercise I want to build a mining client, just because I'm curious.

I understand that I'm supposed to create a hash, but once I have the hash, where do I send it?

How do I submit it back to the block chain?


texts: Can I do blind refunds relatively reliably?

texts:
If I receive a Bitcoin payment, and do not have any other information about the sender, can I refund the payment with a decent degree of reliability?

The current state of things is that the general problem didn't have a catch all solution, but blockchain.info wallets, and I believe coinbase as well, allows you to send the tx back.

How reliable are blind refunds in practice?


texts:
After reading this question I watched the keypoololdest.

It was 1392447127 (Sat, 15 Feb 2014 06:52:07 GMT)
I created a new address.
Then, it was 1392449568 (Sat, 15 Feb 2014 07:32:48 GMT)

Should the time change to be today at the moment of change? It is too old (like one year ago) . If I took a backup now is it sufficient until the "keypoololdest" changes to be more recent than the date of the backup?


texts: I don't get it. How it can be profitable even in theory? F.e. if someone has a machine that earns say 2$ per day, why would he want to lease this machine for 1$ for some stranger and give him this 2$ if he can just run this machine for himself and take the whole 2$ in his own pocket?


texts: How many transactions will be created in a Lightning Network channel

texts: In a typical Lightning Network channel, how many Bitcoin transactions will be created per state of the channel that may end up on-chain ?


texts: Is it safe to share my BTCGuild API key?

texts:
Is there any risk in sharing my BTCGuild API key with someone else?  I want them to be able to see my hashing rate but I want to make sure it's not a bad idea or unsafe in anyway.

For example using this made up API key:
https://www.btcguild.com/api.php?api_key=a291130c92da4c27f4f2f69b89f63652


texts: Is there any source of data about where in the world are blocks being mined? Is that data stored for each block?


texts: My Bitcoin transaction timed out on CoinGate but payment/BC disappeared and merchant denies receiving it...how can I track it down?

texts:
So I sent a payment from my Blockchain wallet to a merchant late one night last week and found out in the morning it had "timed out" but the BC was gone and there was no option for a refund.  Naturally, I assumed the merchant had claimed the BC payment but they deny having received it.  CoinGate is not helping me figure out what happened, and I had copied and pasted the address from the CoinGate invoice so I don't see how it could have gone to the wrong address.

Coincidentally, the trail of the payment has it ending up in a wallet/account that the first payment I had made to this same merchant (which went through with no problem) also passed through.  The merchant says this is not an indication that they received the second payment and that the account through which both payments passed is likely a CoinGate account.  Here is the address that the payment that is MIA was sent to (copied and pasted from invoice in CoinGate):

36kHjTRjHLXKkyZa85VRKJqbswXi7vAZ1J

The BC amount:  0.05049452 BTC
217.16 USD @2018-11-30T05:36:16Z

This is the transaction ID:

93d7087f7e7f1fbca60ca3cb03eb65a43109876672e589664cf687d67113c5e4

The merchant has kindly agreed to ship my product despite not having received the payment.  We are hoping to be able to track it down through CoinGate, but so far they are less than helpful.  If anyone has insight into how to track this payment, I would greatly appreciate it.  Bitcoin is so widely used, I can't understand how it can just vanish in the midst of a transaction.  Makes me wary of using it ever again as I just spent the better part of 5 days trying to sort this out.


texts: Moving 'Sent' Transaction from Default Account

texts:
I would like to move a sent transaction from the default account to another account held on the same wallet.

I am using version 0.16 so I still have the depreciated accounts functionality.

I'm not exactly sure how to do this or if it is even possible. I was thinking the 'move' or 'setaccount' commands would do it but I'm not sure how to compile the command.

Any help would be much appreciated.


texts: Which crypto exchanges charge zero maker fees other than GDAX?

texts: GDAX charge zero maker fees and I thought it is a common practice until I realise many other exchanges charge a fee around 0.20%. What are other exchanges that has zero maker fees?


texts: Is it still possible to do cpu mining for experimenting?

texts:
Commercially speaking I know it worse than pointless! But please, be gentle and don't remind me. Neither bother about being insulting or patronizing because I ask such a 'stupid' question. Thank you for your comprehension.

The reason I'm wanting the - already four times over obsoleted - cpu mining is because I don't want to earn money with it. It's all about being curious about how Bitcoin works. Not an altcoin or something else. It's about learning about BC.

CPU mining is the only option left. Asic usb miners are sold out everywhere. Raspberry Pi don't support GPU mining, do they ? And I really don't want to buy a dedicate device - because I want to know how it technically works. Do CLI stuff to make it work.

If this wasn't serious to me, I really wouldn't bother asking around how to do it.

So, now that's out of the way...

Is it today still technically feasibly to do solo cpu mining ? (on Rpi3)
If not, how come ?
If it is feasible, is there an online guide, tutorial, ... I could use ?
Optional: Why are people so reluctant about this ? It's not that I'm going to crash the BC system, am I ? :-)

It's perfectly fine to me to download the bulk data with a faster computer and upload it to the rpi.


texts:
What's the difference between VOLUME24HOURTO and TOTALVOLUME24HTO fields from cryptocompare response?
https://min-api.cryptocompare.com/data/pricemultifull?fsyms=XCH&tsyms=USD,BTC

https://min-api.cryptocompare.com/data/pricemultifull?fsyms=XRP&tsyms=USD,BTC


texts: Given that contracts can be formed in the blockchain using scripts, couldn't a contract include a mechanism for facilitating chargebacks?

texts:
While I understand that chargebacks, or the lack thereof are an important feature for encouraging merchants to adopt bitcoin, the reverse may be true for consumers.

There is probably a balance to be found, but is such a thing even possible?


texts: Increase a transaction fee in bitcoin core

texts:
I marked my transaction with "Request replace-By-Fee"* in my bitcoin core wallet, and now while I can increase the transaction fee, I can only increase it by a tiny bit, and I can't set it to what I really need. (forcing me to increase the fees 15 times in a row)

Is there any simple way for me to increase the fee more significantly without creating all of these intermediate transactions?

* By the way, a very bad name for "allow future fees increase"


texts: Can I use Ripple to keep track of loans to friends?

texts:
Say I already lent EUR 100.00 to a friend, in cash, quite informally. Can I use Ripple to keep track of it? If so, how?

I guess I need to get him sign up at ripple.com (or get another Ripple client).

Then I grant him > EUR 100.00 trust.

Then he can just "send me" EUR 100.00.

Is that all? Or is there anything more to it? Does my friend need trust from anybody else in Ripple in order to be able to do that?


texts: At what time will the payment be taken when buying bitcoin on an exchange?

texts:
So for example if you place a order for BTC when it is in a small dip (for example some minutes),
Will the usd dollar price you pay be equal to the price at the time you placed the order or when it it is actually confirmed? (when the dip is probably gone and you effectively bought bitcoin at a higher price)

What I really would like to know whether it is possible to effectively trade BTC (or other coins) on a minute to minute timescale.

Thanks for your answer,
Roror


texts: Unconfirmed/pending transaction in MultiBit no longer exists, but my coin is still gone!

texts:
Last night, I transferred some coin to my MultiBit local wallet, which worked fine. Then I tried sending some to another wallet, and the transaction showed up as "unconfirmed/pending" after taking my coin. It didn't show up on blockchain or blockexplorer.

After a few hours with no change, I exported my transactions, then reset the blockchain and transactions. Now, the outgoing transaction has disappeared, along with my coin. I've got a TXID saved, but it doesn't exist. Is there any way to get my coin back?


texts: How Do I Stop My Voltage Converter From Overloading?

texts:
I have been trying to run miners that I obtained from Whatsminer
They require 220V - 240V power source. Since I live in the United States, I have tried 110 to 220 V step up converters. I have tried 3 different converters, and each one overloads. The miners will run for a short period of time, then overload the converter and the converter will shut down.
Does anyone have suggestions on what I can do to get my miners running? Surely there must be other people in the Western hemisphere that have gotten these to work at home...


texts: Multiple pool options in Antminer S9 Settings

texts:
I have purchased and got running Antminer S9. While setting it up I notices that I can specify three pool connections

I was unable to find the purpose for this.

Are those backup options just in case one or two pool connections are down or should I could actually mine for three pools at the same time?


texts: Sweeping paper sweeping private keys from 2009-2010 into electrum wallet

texts:
I have several wallets from 2009 and 2010 that have not been touched since day one.I recieved 25 dollars USD worth of BTC for downloading and running a program in the background. Im guessing i was mining BTC. Didnt think another thought about it. I was alittle irritated because 25 bucks didnt just shoot outof the computer screen!! Lol.
Luckly my dad never throws away anything. So after scanning 18 hard drives ( it is a whole learning exp.)i have recovered 13 or so private kets and wallet ids. And still looking.
So obviously i am very slow to do anything and am stuck on this sweeping thing. The files may have had a list of words. I dont recall. They were not encrypted though. So are the priv. keys considered a masterkey? The only options for a standard wallet is seed or master key. One of the files did say rootsomethingor another. None were wallet.dat. i hid one file in a music folder. So where do i go from here? Also,what is xprv yprv and zprv? And what is the purpose of the console for sweeping if any at all? I am not in tye console.
Anybody have any clue how to guide me on this?


texts: There are instructions for building on Ubuntu/Debian, but I want to build it in Fedora.


texts: Cannot broadcast bitcoin testnet transaction


texts: How to retrieve all addresses with non-zero balance and their balances?

texts:
I'm looking for a way to retrieve all address balances of addresses with a non-zero balance in the blockchain.

Is there a software tool that can calculate the balances in an accessible format?
Or perhaps I can download them somewhere?

With an accessible format I mean that it can be interpreted by a computer. Either in a database-structure or in parseable text format.


texts:
As we know ,  Bitcoin core-Regtest is used to set up our own blockchain starting from Genesis Block. I have created Two nodes on my localhost running on different ports (I am using Windows 8.1). They are connected to each other. Now I want to increase the difficulty level and create mining competition between two nodes.

I can manually use generate Number_of_blocks to mine that many Number_of_blocks on any node and It also includes my recent transactions which are not yet included in the blockchain while mining.

But how can have such an arrangement in which I will increase difficulty and start mining on both the nodes, and whoever comes first will broadcast the block and win the race.??

Any reference or step by step explanation would be much appreciated


texts: How does the CPU hashing algorithm used in Yacoin differ from scrypt?

texts:
Alt-coins are now a dime a dozen and with only minor changes to generation rates, difficulty, and algorithms, they all tend to use the SHA-256 (bitcoin) or the scrypt (litecoin/tenebrix)  hashing algorithms for solving blocks.

A friend of mine recently told me about Yacoin and it uses a modified version of scrypt so that mining via GPUs is currently "impossible".

What are the specific differences between the standard litecoin scrypt algorithm and the yacoin algorithm that makes yacoin currently infeasible to mine on GPUs?


texts: How does a range proof bound lower at 0 and not -1?

texts:
From the confidential transactions article:

  C' = C - 1H Then I provide a ring signature over {C, C’}.

  If C was a commitment to 1 then I do not know its discrete log, but C’
  becomes a commitment to 0 and I do know its discrete log (just the
  blinding factor). If C was a commitment to 0 I know its discrete log,
  and I don’t for C’. If it was a commitment to any other amount, none
  of the result will be zero and I won’t be able to sign.

What if C and C' are commitments to 0 and -1? Then if I can sign, that means the ring signature is a proof is over {0,-1}. I'm probably missing something, so please tell me, why can't the amount be -1 in this proof?


texts: Authentication and key distribution in bitcoin

texts: After going through the bitcoin protocol documentation it is still unclear to me how the bitcoin client is authenticated. Where can I find an overview of what the client sends and receives on the wire during authentication?


texts: How can a block regarded as confirmed in bitcoin?

texts:
I am a little confused with confirmation mechanism in bitcoin PoW consensus.
According to bitcoin wiki:

  After a transaction is broadcast to the Bitcoin network, it may be
  included in a block that is published to the network. When that
  happens it is said that the transaction has been mined at a depth of 1
  block. With each subsequent block that is found, the number of blocks
  deep is increased by one. To be secure against double spending, a
  transaction should not be considered as confirmed until it is a
  certain number of blocks deep.

Let's say if A has 1 btc, and A sent 1 btc to B as transaction T1 and also sent 1 btc to C as transaction T2. It is possible that these 2 transactions are written into 2 different branches.

In this scenario, if miner M1 keeps mining based on branch with T1 and M2 keeps mining based on branch with T2, finally subsequent block for these 2 branches will more than 6, and in most of apps these 2 transactions will be regarded as legal. I am thinking there might be other verification to make a block regarded as confirmed.

My question is: what makes a transaction confirmed? Thanks in advance.


texts: Is there any way to directly query the block chain for the body of a transaction given its hash?

texts:
Blockchain.info provides this functionality in a simple API like so:

https://blockchain.info/rawtx/fc15f762e8dbbdd407534047ef2a9211ca0e79c3625d5fe73cdacade4f9118d6

However, I would prefer to make this query directly against the network blockchain rather than to a third party like blockchain.info.


texts: With the limited total quantity of bitcoins, and people losing their wallets constantly decreasing that number, won't rampant deflation destroy Bitcoin?


texts: Would fees go down once more people start using segwit addresses for day to day activity?

texts: Since the fees are high today, when more wallets and people start using segwit (bc1) addresses. Would sending from legacy address fees go down as everyone is using the newer address? Or it doesnt matter?


texts:
Can I create and sign transactions offline in Bitcoin Core?
To be sure in safe my private keys.


texts: Is backward syncing viable for full nodes?

texts:
Currently, Every Bitcoin Core full node has to download the whole blockchain at least once. This situation is even worse if pruning is enabled - the user has to download the whole gigantic blockchain all over again if a rescan is required (typically after importing privkeys/addresses/wallet.dat).

I once heard that "backward syncing" might help. I also heard that "UTXO commitment" could eliminate the need for downloading old blocks. I wonder what exactly are them? Is there any relationship between them? Is there any technical hurdle that is very hard to overcome?


texts: Allocation Unit Size (AUS) when formatting drive

texts:
I'm formatting a SSD for a new node and searched here that Gavin said the typical blockchain file size was 250kb (2015), others showed 500kb (2018). I thought is was to remain constant, so perhaps one answer is wrong, then again it may be 999kb soon.  When formatting you can choose your AUS if you relatively know your file size to pack it more efficiently.

The first two AUS choices are 512kb and 1024kb. I think much better choices than the default 32,768kb. Am I missing something here or am I going to achieve a rough 4-5x benefit here? Thx


texts: In Proof-of-Stake, can a block creator fudge the block hash?

texts:
In Proof-of-Work, a block hash is costly to manipulate (say, wanting the hash to be even, or have the hash of the hash smaller than some number) since there is a lot of computing power put into selecting the right header to produce a valid hash.

I'm wondering - are the block hashes in the various Proof-of-Stake implementations easier to manipulate since the hashes aren't bound by PoW mining? Could a PoS miner spend some computational time to generate many valid blocks and pick one to use, or are there some other constrains preventing block hash fudging?


texts: How can I test and verify a vanity key before I send coins to it?

texts:
I ran vanitygen and oclvanitygen on the same machine, and realized after my run that both exe's share the same output file.

I've had experience in the past where many programs append to the same TXT file that corruption might happen.

Regardless of the source of the corruption, what is the most complete way to validate a key created by vanitygen?

Update

I added the developer tag since I'm looking to do validation in bulk.  Command line scripts also work.


texts: Does GDAX charge network transaction fees?

texts: I've heard its free and when transferring your bitcoin out to an external wallet, but others are saying it's impossible. When I went to withdraw from GDAX I didn't notice and fees.  On the withdrawal screen it also says "BTC network transfers are fast and free."  What is right?


texts: Replay attacks: can a coinbase transaction be replayed?

texts:
I'm pretty sure that I understand how replay attacks work:
A malicious node takes a valid transaction from chain A, and replays it on chain B. Other nodes on chain B see the transaction as valid and therefore it is included in both chains, instead of just A.

My question is whether the first transaction in a block, that generates new bitcoins, can be also replayed.


texts: Where is Bitcoin information (wallet.dat) stored on OS X?

texts:
Is there a wallet.dat for OSX? Where is it located?

Taken from https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/544


texts: Looking for revenue data of bitcoin related websites

texts: I was wondering if we can share pointers or anectodes about revenues of web projects related to bitcoin or general cryptocurrencies.


texts: What block had the most transaction fees? Why? How big can transactions be? What's the largest transaction (size, in bytes)?


texts:
How can I send bitcoins to someone, without having to purchase them first or set up a wallet?

I'm looking for a service that will send N bitcoins to a given address. I pay them with my credit card or paypal. I don't wish to purchase any bitcoins myself, have a wallet, set up any kind of account, or give anyone my email address. I don't want to know anything about bitcoins beyond my initial instruction to send N bitcoins to a given address. Does such a service exist?


texts:
So i have a testnet bitcoin cash that i just put txindex=1 (because a api requires this) and it stuck on block 1155875 and I restart the core and even follow the step in this thread: https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/6r64gx/bitcoin_abc_client_sync_stuck_at_478558/

and still not helps and even add a additional peer and modify my firewall.

so is there anyway i can fix this?


texts: So far, i only know that litecoin is using another mining algorithm called Scrypt which has some ASIC resistance. Is there any more difference? Or they are completely the same except the mining algorithm


texts: What happens when invoices get paid more than once?

texts:
Until today I thought, that lightning invoices can only be paid once. Where do the funds go when an invoice is paid more than once? Will every payment reach the destination node or can reusage be detected and nodes within the route can keep the funds?
Edit: The same invoice is paid with different wallets and the users get confirmation.


texts:
OSX Sierra

it seems all the other command bitcoin-cli working on my Mac,
except,

bitcoin-cli getinfo only always returns an error.

  $ bitcoin-cli getinfo
  error code: -28
  error message:
  Rewinding blocks...

Why does it happen?


texts: What multi-sig wallets are there for Android/Jolla?

texts:
TL;DR: What wallet apps are there for android (or sailfishOS) that has "true" support for multisig?

Requirements/rationale

Thinking a bit, if I'm to possess serious amounts of bitcoins, I want a well-secured savings wallet - or, eventually just a well-secured savings address.  After some thinking, the requirements seems to be:

1) it should not be easy to withdraw funds, withdrawing should either involve multiple people or the passing of a time window.

2) the bitcoins must be secured against my death

3) the bitcoins must be secured against loss/theft of a private key

Solution: multisig

One stupid-simple solution would be to generate a single private key, write parts of it down on 5 papers in such a manner that any three out of five papers needs to be recovered to learn the full private key, seal the papers in envelopes, and then distribute those envelopes to people/locations I trust, instructing them to keep them in a safe place and hand them over to my next in kin in case of my death.  It actually seems like a decent way to solve this.

Anyway - why bother with such obscurity when bitcoin supports multi-sig transactions out of the box.  Even for daily usage patterns multi-sig seems like a good idea.  As for a savings wallet, I think that in the start it would suffice with 2-of-3 - me and my wife, plus a third arbitrator that can help us out in case of death or divorce.  Armory seems to be the go-to-wallet for the Linux desktop - but I'd like access from mobile devices as well.

Apps tested so far

copay - it could do the trick, but it seems to be a "lock-in platform" - all signing parties needs to have copay installed.  That's not acceptable.  For one thing, I want a platform neutral solution, like a savings wallet I'd mainly access from a "proper" laptop/desktop.
"bitx smart wallet" - what kind of beast is this, requiring me to verify my email before use?
greenbits/greenaddress - seems like their "multisig support" is very narrow; only 2-of-2, with their servers acting as one of the signing parties, and offering to sign against 2f-authentication.  Totally not what I want.
yet another android wallet that came up when searching for "multisig" - but it apparently had no support for multisig.


texts: Why can bitcoins never be refunded unless the receiver agrees to send back the money?

texts:
I have used a number of ecurrencies and they all seem to share what I've never understood about BTC, which is that once it is sent, it's gone. Often BTC are sent but legally should be refunded, but because of how BTC work, the sender loses their money.

Why is this?


texts: What would happen if 90% of the Bitcoin miners suddenly stopped mining?

texts:
What would happen if 90% of the Bitcoin miners were to suddenly stop mining Bitcoin, i.e. the Bitcoin network's hashing power would drop to 10% of the previous amount.

Would it become more difficult for the rest of miners to mine? Would transactions take longer than usual?


texts: g++ problem compiling litecoind on Ubuntu Server i386

texts:
I am trying to compile litecoind on Ubuntu 11.10 i386 server.

I used this recipe I found:

git clone https://github.com/coblee/litecoin.git
cd ~/litecoin/src/
make -f makefile.unix litecoind
mkdir ~/.litecoin/

But I am stuck there:

make -f makefile.unix litecoind

I get:

# make -f makefile.unix litecoind
makefile.unix:138: warning: overriding commands for target `obj/nogui/scrypt.o'
makefile.unix:135: warning: ignoring old commands for target `obj/nogui/scrypt.o'
g++ -c -pthread -Wno-invalid-offsetof -Wformat -g -DNOPCH  -DUSE_UPNP=0 -DUSE_SSL -fno-stack-protector -fstack-protector-all -Wstack-protector -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -O2 -MMD -o obj/nogui/checkpoints.o checkpoints.cpp
checkpoints.cpp:5:59: fatal error: boost/assign/list_of.hpp: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [obj/nogui/checkpoints.o] Error 1

Anyone know what is going wrong? Seem like a file missing or a problem with the compiler. Also failed on Ubuntu server 11.10 x64...

In that case the solution is:

sudo apt-get install libboost-all-dev

Thank's to David Schwartz for his help.


texts: opening a bitcoin exchange with AlphaPoint

texts:
I am thinking about opening a Bitcoin exchange. While reading questions here about opening a Bitcoin exchange business, I saw a post mention AlphaPoint, a company, which, from what I understood, helps people who want to open a Bitcoin exchange business. I then even read on AlphaPoint's LinkedIn page:

  Full system to run a digital asset exchange. Fully hosted options
  available. Customize and launch your own digital currency and/or
  Bitcoin exchange in less than 20 days with AlphaPoint.

From what I saw on other forums, it look like it's a serious company and not some scam. But it still sounds a bit fishy to me because I don't understand the basics of what is all about and what is the deal here.

What would AlphaPoint expect someone who wants to open a Bitcoin exchange to do with their service? Bitcoin exchanges are usually automatic, right? So, if they provide all the tech and equipment, why do they need customers who want to open a Bitcoin exchange business? Do they expect the customers to be experts in servers and/or programming?

I know it's maybe a question that I should ask on the AlphaPoint site, but I feel more comfortable to know that other people see that it is a legit deal that makes sense.


texts: Forced fork of older, low difficulty blocks

texts:
Let’s assume main chain (A) height is 1000 and the difficulty adjustment is 50 blocks. At height 450, the difficulty is very small. By modifying timestamp of blocks 450-500, I mine a fork (B) such that at height 500 to 600 the chainWork is higher than A at the same height.
A new peer wants to sync with me. I send B. At height 500 to 600, the peer chooses B and saves A as a fork. Given a long enough forced forking of A, is it possible for the peer to give up on A?
If the client never gives up on a fork, does this open it to fork chain spam attacks?


texts:
I have transaction ID and some other data in my disposal when I am on first screen on Copay wallet. I need to show in transaction details originating address for transfer to my wallet.

Is there some API endpoint I can hit in bitpay API ?


texts: How to use bitcoin from command line in Windows?

texts: In Windows, how can I get what I get with "bitcoind getinfo" in Linux?


texts:
Transactions been formed with too many pieces of different ages, causing the transaction to have a huge size and therefore require very high fees.

Question

Is there a way to reduce the size of the transaction?

Story

I have a payment system that accepts bitcoins.
Therefore my client (the store owner) receives many transactions of relatively small amounts ($30 - $400 amounts).
And every now and then he tries to move what he has on his address to exchange that to dollars.
We use Blockcypher's API.
The problem is that when we construct the transaction, the script gets formed with all the sum of the different pieces, indicating which pieces will form the payment, as I see it, this is done using the age.

An example of how these pieces are in the input list is here:

"inputs": [
  {
    "prev_hash": "094be5d93ec5a5299fc8f64501855010649e3bb15d56f41ac9b5291d0XXXXX",
    "output_index": 0,
    "script": "483045022100d73dd1a8499caac0d237f5f2df17786722b4e50120756bc63c4f5f513b4f4244022019d20416762f21870e63fe035e2a0599217bc62323430ca428c2d1c8930b67270121035a3ce00ccf0701a28f124e634f4243ef2b40650aad5b0433eba4feXXXXXXX",
    "output_value": 1883692,
    "sequence": 4294967295,
    "addresses": [
      "1Lpua75bYTfeVUaEYDEkzY1vxwaVFvUNNr"
    ],
    "script_type": "pay-to-pubkey-hash",
    "age": 498654
  },
  {
    "prev_hash": "1917bb8a51642541f9d4b20beeec02a57193d5ede91e7fc79a6b7aXXXXXXX",
    "output_index": 0,
    "script": "483045022100d5f54e8b89fe080b16236a742bce0d4512f83d382a683bee96a25d5c1ff41a0802206844d81b0c2d909e4d893733a7f317caaa49a408f69c0414cee0685ac96883850121035a3ce00ccf0701a28f124e634f4243ef2b40650aad5b0433ebaXXXXXXXX",
    "output_value": 2470000,
    "sequence": 4294967295,
    "addresses": [
      "1Lpua75bYTfeVUaEYDEkzY1vxwaVFvUNNr"
    ],
    "script_type": "pay-to-pubkey-hash",
    "age": 498665
  },

Is it really necessary to indicate the age of the pieces used?
Is there a way to reduce the size of the transaction script?
This is costing too much in fees to my client. We are talking transactions that costs hundreds or more dollars.

Thanks in advance.


texts: How to get Bitcoin historical data from Bitcoin-Core?

texts:
I installed Bitcoin-Core Wallet and downloaded the whole 130gigs BlockChain. Now I'd like to read the BlockChain Data to know all bitcoin values since the beginning. Not sure how to start. I need that data for making my own graphs in Excel

How can I read data from the whole BlockChain? Thanks.


texts: Stealth address transaction example on Bitcoin's blockchain

texts:
I am looking for an example transaction on Bitcoin's blockchain using stealth addressing.

I am brainstorming how stealth addresses would be used amongst normal addresses in combination (whereas Monero and CryptoNote protocols so far only use stealth addresses).


texts: How to get staking balance using RPC commands

texts:
I enabled staking on my wallet. I want to know the staking rewards I got. Is there any rpc command exist to get staking reward balance?

Thanks


texts: How do I spend Bitcoins from a specific address?

texts:
What's happening when I use importprivkey? Are the coins merged to my existing private key or is the new key added to my wallet?

I want to import a private key, receive funds on it, and send the same coins using this key, not the others present in my wallet, is it possible with RPC commands? (for my website, I want the user to be able to see where his money is going by tracking the blockchain).


texts:
I Hope i can get some help from you.

when i have 2.43 TH, how much is this in GH/s?
I'm complete confused, cause i tried to find out, how much is this.
Can someone tell me how much GH/s this is at two decimals?

Also i was looking for Hashcalculator on web, but i dont find any calculator where i can change my hashrates to other...

I find this, but i dont know if its right.

1 MH/s = 1,000 kH/s
1 GH/s = 1,000 MH/s = 1,000,000 kH/s
1 TH/s = 1,000 GH/s = 1,000,000 MH/s = 1,000,000,000 kH/s

and how much is 2.43TH/s in GH/s with 2 decimal


texts: Mining hardware manufacturers use "Hash rate" to define how fast the mining is with their ASICs, but do they mean 1 sha256 cycle speed or Bitcoin hash speed sha256(sha256(header)); ?


texts: What does a bitcoin transaction contain?

texts:
I'm learning about basic transactions and know that a transaction should contain:

i) Signature of the sender using some operator: sign(private key,message)

ii) Receivers Public key (wallet address)

iii) Hash Pointer pointing to the originating transaction / previous owner (i.e. A hash of the previous transaction's hash, signatures, etc)

I'm not sure if this is all that a transaction should contain, and also whether my understanding of point i) and especially iii) is correct. Hash pointers are a bit confusing; I understand the 'direction' of the arrow to mean we are pointing to what we are hashing, as opposed to the direction of flow of information.

Interested to hear your thoughts to help my understanding!


texts: What is the significance of this red light on the Bitmain S9 board?

texts: How can I fix this issue? Is it fixable?


texts:
I found in https://www.bitcoincash.org/index.html that this technology is
the world's most robust blockchain but searching for the details that explains why it is so secure I don't find any information. Some one knows a source that probes why this technology is secure and some technical information about the security implemented on it ?


texts: Is reliance on a UTXO Set provided by other users dangerous?

texts:
One of the largest hurdles in my mind to increasing the number of full nodes operating is the startup cost related to downloading the blockchain.  A similar but less important (in my mind) issue is the amount of disk space required by the full blockchain.

In Would moving a transaction from an old block to a new one allow more pruning? Murch suggested that some assumptions be checked, and I think one of them was my assumption that it would be safe to rely on a UTXO Set provided by other users.  Given the answers to another assumption Murch suggested I check, it seems that the answer is "Not usually," but if there were a standard proof, such as a signed UTXO set or a UTXO Committment in the header, then the answer seems to change to "Yes!"

In any case, Murch suggested that the assumptions be checked, so I've created this question to check that one.


texts: Want to have private key of my brc address

texts:
How can i have my private key. Actually the bitcoin address which i have is generated from 'freebitco.in' . They haven't provided any private key.

Please help me in having private key.


texts: Why are some public keys prefixed with 0x00?

texts:
ECDSA public keys seem to always start with 0x02/0x03/0x04/0x05 1, followed by either 32 bytes of 64 bytes.

However, I encounter some public keys prefixed with 0x00.

For example, the source output of transaction
5c7c65bb950d3605cc67bd02c29e84cc14dfaa80626ef6a575132c7ce7979d2f contains two public keys:

037953dbf08030f67352134992643d033417eaa6fcfb770c038f364ff40d761588

0014fa6851313844da08b6a539aff5e74e705b7465fad0fc5ceeccae707995b846

When fed into EC_KEY_oct2key function from OpenSSL 1.1.1, the second public key directly fails.

Another example is transaction f0020466ca75caa648cdc8364f297bda7bb06329bec5305ffb59ea2ea348ac39, which uses an output that lists a public key like this:

0029a38fa2eaf8e67481c47eeeaeb625e6d426eb78f3b9e0728a4679370ce5ac96

These 0x00 public keys seem to always come with OP_CHECKMULTISIG and never block validation because some other public key would be valid.

What are these keys and what should a client do with them?


texts:
Im trying to make a test altcoin and I created the genesis block, merkle root and nonce. When I compile and run the daemon, The coin is trying to connect other IPs for hours so I can't mine the genesis block. I've changed P2P and RPC port.

Why is this happening ?