texts: How to get confirmations for incoming transactions?

texts:
I'm currently working on accepting Bitcoins on my website. To do this I create a new address for every sale. I know I can get the amount of bitcoins that were paid into this address by using ./btcoind getreceivedbyaddress <the-address> 0 or conn.getreceivedbyaddress(localAddress, 0) when using the python binding for bitcoin. So far so good.

I now also want to get and display the amount of confirmations to the customer. So I made this:

highestConfirmCount = None
for i in count():
    received = btcConn.getreceivedbyaddress(localAddress, i)
    if received >= amountExpected:
        highestConfirmCount = i
    else:
        break
print highestConfirmCount

This works fine, but it's pretty slow for incoming payments which have been a while ago. Also, I would presume there would be a better and more efficient built in function for this, but I can't find anything like it.

Does anybody know what the best way is for getting confirmations for incoming payments to a specific address?


texts:
How are sigops calculated on a transaction? For example in the (randomly selected) following transaction:

https://btc.com/bc9384919ad5d08b2c66e31f29e7c63572c398a87631c03a4ce9e94ff1cbe62f

It says there were 5 sigops. What is the rule for calculating this number?


texts: Paper wallet generator that can split a private key into multiple parts like a multi-sig transaction?

texts: Are there any paper wallets that lets you split a private key into multiple parts like how a multi-sig transaction works? Sure I can just print out a paper wallet and cut it up into 4 pieces and give one to each user, but I'm wondering has anyone solved such an issue? A good use case is cutting up a private key and giving each one to a family member. In order to form the private key back, all parties must be present.


texts:
I ask to buy for 253, price drops below, the transaction does not go through, and it goes up again.

Explanation anyone? or is this something i should ask the mt.gox staff?


texts: How can I transfer tether(USDT) using omni JSON RPC API?

texts:
I looked for the information but I couldn't find that. It seemed to be done as I always do for Bitcoin though.

Any idea?


texts: How bitcoin nodes update UTXO set when their latests blocks are replaced?

texts:
Let's say bitcoin node has 100 blocks. Then he recieve another two blocks. Now it have 102 blocks. But now he recieve block 103. And this block is from another chain and our node have to remove blocks 101 and 102 and replace them with this chain with block 101, 102 and 103.

So now it must rewind UTXO set back to node 100 and update with transactions from newly recieved nodes 101..103.

How nodes making this rollback in utxo set?


texts: Two question about bitcoin transaction signing

texts: I know that the signing should use public key, what if the private key is used in signing the output? Does that mean anybody can use the money in your wallet? And is there any difference between P2PKH and P2SH?


texts: How to claim Bitcoin Cash & Bitcoin Gold from paper wallet

texts:
Before the first Bitcoin fork (August 1st) I put all my Bitcoin into a paper wallet. I kind of forgot about it. Now I think I can claim Bitcoin cash as well. Now there has been another fork resulting in Bitcoin gold. How to I take my Bitcoin from the paper wallet and turn it into Bitcoin, bitcoin cash and Bitcoin gold?

Any step by step guides out there that anyone would know of?


texts: How much space does the blockchain take up per day and per hour when running bitcoinQT on my computer?

texts: the blockchain is about 20GB today, but i was wondering how much space does it take up each day if i were to leave bitcoinqt on regularly? also by hour? reason why im asking is im thinking about just putting the blockchain in my cloud drive (bitcasa.com) as my laptop has only so much space. if its not too much space that means it wont be a bandwidth hog when its uploading it to cloud drive after it downloads it.


texts: Why does the Segwit developer guide recommend to estimate fees on basis of vsize instead of weight?

texts:
The Segwit Wallet Development Guide has a small section on fee estimation:

  Transaction Fee Estimation

  Instead of transaction size, a new metric is defined, called “virtual size” (vsize)
  vsize of a transaction equals to 3 times of the size with original serialization, plus the size with new serialization, divide the result by 4 and round up to the next integer. For example, if a transaction is 200 bytes with new serialization, and becomes 99 bytes with marker, flag, and witness removed, the vsize is (99 * 3 + 200) / 4 = 125 with round up.
  vsize of a non-segwit transaction is simply its size
  Transaction fee should be estimated by comparing the vsize with other transactions, not the size.
  Developers should be careful not to make an off-by-4-times mistake in fee estimation.

vsize therefore is a value that allows easy comparison to the previously used transaction size. What is the reason that it is being recommended as the basis of fee estimation? Wouldn't it make more sense to directly calculate fee estimates on the basis of weight?


texts: Understanding Kraken Trades API (market/limit)

texts:
I want to build historical OHLC data from the Kraken trades. Since Kraken does not provide historical OHLC data (at least not going far back), they recommend one builds it oneself using the list of trades (https://support.kraken.com/hc/en-us/articles/218198197-How-to-pull-all-trade-data-using-the-Kraken-REST-API). Their trades API does indeed return trades as far back as October 2013, but I do not understand how to interpret the data.

They return the following information for each trade (see https://www.kraken.com/help/api#get-recent-trades):

Price
Volume
Time
Buy/sell
Market/limit

All of these make sense except the last one, market/limit. How can a trade be a market trade or a limit trade? I am very familiar with market and limit orders, but I thought that every trade is a market order matched against one or more limit orders. So how can a trade be market or limit?

Can I perhaps treat a market sell trade as a limit buy trade and vice versa? And so it would just be random whether they call it market sell or limit buy? This would seem a little odd to me...

Any insight would be appreciated!


texts:
I set up the bitcoin daemon and galaxycash daemon on my server. And i was using this library

  easybitcoin.php

to contact the daemon via rpc . Somehow i remeber that i used this function encryptwallet("test")
but whenever i try to use this function now sendfrom("walletaddress","towalletaddress",1);

i get this message

  Error: Please enter the wallet passphrase with walletpassphrase first.

so i used this function walletpassphrase("test",60);

but am getting this error

  Error: The wallet passphrase entered was incorrect.

Does any wallet address has it's own passphrase in bitcoin daemon?
Or it's only 1 passphrase for all wallets in 1 daemon?
And how can i get the passphrase of the address because i need to use it with this function sendfrom
Am using rpc for PHP.


texts: What is the purpose of the announcement_signatures message as specified by the Lightning Network RFC?

texts:
Isn't the channel_announcement message enough for channel advertisement? Why is the announcement_signatures message required?

Reference BOLT #7


texts: How should I handle cases like this where the documentation for Bitcoin Core states one thing, and the actual program does something else?

texts:
Bitcoin Core's RPC API call "getnewaddress" is documented here: https://bitcoincore.org/en/doc/0.18.0/rpc/wallet/getnewaddress/

It claims:

  Result: "address"    (string) The new bitcoin address

In other words, it is supposed to return an associative array containing only the element 'address' which is a string representing the new Bitcoin receive address.

However, it actually returns just an "untitled" string without an array/object. It's just a plain string immediately outputted, not wrapped in any array/object/container. Perhaps this is what they mean by "(string)", but it sure looks to me that the "address" part makes it an associative array with one element. This appears to be the case elsewhere in the API:

The "sendtoaddress" call does return an associative array with just a "txid" element, and it's documented just like "getnewaddress": https://bitcoincore.org/en/doc/0.18.0/rpc/wallet/sendtoaddress/

  Result: "txid"                  (string) The transaction id.

(Or all my previous work was in vain and I have actually got that wrong. I cannot easily try sending Bitcoin.)

Should I assume that they won't change the behaviour of the program, but rather the documentation? Or will they really change the program to reflect the documentation? If they ever do, my code breaks since it expects the returned value to be a string and not an array with one element called 'address'.

This kind of thing gives me a great deal of stress, especially as money is involved and the slightest mistake could cause huge losses or (at best) a ton of nightmarish manual work to attempt to "restore the state" after something is messed up halfways.

Note: I cannot report bugs to their GitHub page because MS GitHub doesn't let me register an account. I gave up on even trying.


texts: Bitcoin-Qt client wallet.dat extract private key to import on another service

texts:
I have a file: wallet.dat where should be saved one or more private keys of my old wallet linked to one/more public btc addresses. I also had more than a wallet, so I don't really know if there are some created address with an amount of money in that file or not. Of course, I don't want to download 500 gbs of transactions since 2009 using Qt-Coin and my idea was to extract private keys in order to import them on another wallet like blockchain.com.
I managed to use some open source tool (wt_extract_keys.py https://github.com/akx/walletool) to extract private keys, one seemed to work but the format of private keys seems to be not compatible because blockchain.com requires a private key in a wif format and what I got is a very big private non-compressed key.
So how can I get the private key/s with the right format this if it's possible? What do you suggest?


texts:
i had BTC deposit to old address in coinsbit.io exchange after 20 days they told me we dont have access to old addresses to bring back your money and i know the only one can have this access is coinsbit to transfer it. i tracked my old address in coinsbit they transfer my money after 5 days to another addreses . i sent ticket many times but they are saying we dont have access . is there anyway to bring this money by report or something? my old address is : 3ETDfiumVEBTZP1HEKDv58Uoiv2jbnomTF
my two hash link: https://blockchain.coinmarketcap.com/address/bitcoin/3BFZmH5ZYJxkqtVLNzi3YEeWQ8nNrxq7zC

https://blockchain.coinmarketcap.com/address/bitcoin/3BYeChb5aeXmWBP33318nnHyZhNYpmTqBu


texts:
I have read quite a few threads about this topic. I understand the general concept now but with a few holes:

Why is mining being compare to lottery?

The total number of possible hashes = hashes below the target + hashes above the target

As I start to mine, I am reducing the numbers of hashes in the "hashes above the target" group", so as I make many attempts, my chance of getting the right one should be raising (because the total number of hashes is finite and I crossed out many bad attempts). If this is the case, then why does this article say:

  After working on it for 24 hours, your chances of solving it are equal to what your chances were at the start or at any moment

Why does a lower target mean higher difficulty?

Is it because the number of correct answers become less and less?


texts: I tried Blockchain in 2015 through an account with Laissez Faire, but could not get help signing up, so I just let the account go. Now I decided to try it again and I am still lost.  How can one send bitcoins to others if you haven't purchased any? Please, I cannot learn without asking questions whether the questions sound dumb or not.  Please help educate me.


texts: Are BIP 100, 101 and 102 being voted on now by Bitcoin miners?

texts: Are the BIP 100, BIP 101 and BIP 102 proposals being voted on now by miners? What is the procedure for a bitcoin miner to vote for a particular BIP and where can a tally of votes be viewed?


texts: Bitcoin Wallet for Android/Windows with Full Control of BTC (keys)

texts:
I used to manage my bitcoin by using MultiBit for Windows. I had full control of them, without any involvement from a 3rd party.

But as a person i know wanted to get bitcoin and a Android wallet, i started to see if there was a MultiBit version for Android, just to realize MultiBit for Windows is discontinued.

I stumbled into Web Wallet difference but it's not exactly the question i am asking.

On Google Play the results aren't familiar at all and the Blockchain app asks for e-mail/etc and the BTC will be stored by them, and i want an app that give me full control of the btc/private keys.

So what apps can be used for Android/Windows that meet the criteria i am asking?


texts: What does this output item in the result of the call with blocktrail api mean?


texts: In which output (0 or 1) a transaction fee is included?

texts:
I need to know, if I have to pay a transaction fee, in which output of the transaction the fee is included? is it output 0 or output 1?
I suppose that normally there is only 2 outputs for a transaction.


texts:
When Alice sends BTC to Bob, Alice creates a transaction, which is sent to the bitcoin network.
However this transaction now needs to be validated and added to a block of the blockchain. The blockchain is a chain of blocks, and a new block is added every ~10min. We will explain how miners create new blocks, why it takes roughly 10 minutes to mine a new block, and why validation of a transaction takes on average 60 minutes if everything goes well (=6*10 minutes).

Miners are currently rewarded by 12.5 BTC by block (it used to be 25 BTC/block, now is 12.5 BTC/block until 2020, then afterwards 6.25 BTC/block. This halving continues until 2110–40, when 21 million bitcoins will have been mined.)
A block consists of 2 things:
- an easy part: a list of transactions since the last block was found, this is to validate the transactions.
- a difficult part: a code that proves the identity of the miner that mined it (so that the network can award him the 12.5 BTC). Note that if a miner proposes a new block but that the block is found by other miners to contain invalid transaction, the miner will lose his reward.

How these 2 parts are linked: Given that validating the transactions is much easier than generating the code that validates his block, there is a strong incentive to only propose blocks with valid transactions.

Now we will explain why miners need a lot of computing power, this is because on top of validating transactions, mining also ensures supply of bitcoins at defined rate every 10min, and there is competition to get them!
The rate used to be 25BTC every 10min, now it is 12.5 bitcoins every ten minutes until mid 2020, and then afterwards 6.25 bitcoins per block for 4 years until next halving.
In order to achieve that defined supply rate, the network is constantly adjusting the difficulty of mining so that a new block is roughly found every 10 minutes.

A transaction is considered as finally confirmed after it is added to a block and ~5 other blocks have been validated. This means 6*10 minutes = 1 hour.

Now the problem is that there is since origin a limitation in the size of each block: 1Mb. This corresponds to ~ only 3 transactions by second. If the transaction rate goes significantly higher, it will create further delays in the validation process. This is the reason of the bitcoin forks.


texts: LND funding transaction stuck in mempool due to low fees

texts:
I have a funding transaction stuck in mempool due to low fees. Searchng around I have find that there is "BumpFee" wallet option to push your transaction. i have tried in this way:

~$ lncli wallet bumpfee [Channel_point] --sat_per_byte 150

>[lncli] rpc error: code = Unknown desc = the passed output doesn't belong to the wallet

When type:

~ $ lncli pendingchannels

i can see the transaction waiting for confirmation, but when type:

~$ lncli wallet pendingsweeps

  {
                "pending_sweeps": []
    }

there arent.
The transaction is still present when type:

~ $ lncli listchaintxns

Someone can  try to explain or have had similar behaviour?
Don’t found so much useful stuff in Github

https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lnd/blob/master/lnrpc/walletrpc/walletkit.proto


texts: How do I configure the Bitcoin client for SSL on Windows?

texts: Specifically I would like to connect to bitcoind from an outside system but I'm concerned about security. I've seen where others have said that SSL support is built into the Bitcoin client but how do I configure it and what front-ends are SSL-capable? Could I simply connect with PuTTY?


texts: Re-Installed Bitcoin Core, "Assertion Failed!" on Startup

texts:
I have had Bitcoin Core on this computer before, and it worked fine for over a year with no trouble. I had recently uninstalled it, and today attempted to re-install, but, after running setup, on attempting to open bitcoin-qt.exe, the following error appears:
Assertion failed!
Program: C:\Program Files\Bitcoin\bitcoin-qt.exe
File: wallet/scriptpubkeyman.cpp, Line 720
Expression: mapKeys.empty()
...with three options, Abort, Retry, and Ignore. This happens consistently.
I am running bitcoin-0.20.1-win64, Windows 10. I have tried further uninstalling and reinstalling, and installing in both a C:\ and D:\ drive. Running from the command prompt with -rescan does not help either.
Any assistance would be very much appreciated.


texts: What is the supply for Bitcoin Cash (BCH), how is supply being regulated?

texts:
We know that for BTC there is a max supply of 21 million.
50% reduction of 50 BTC per block for every 210000 block.

However, what is the mining reward per block, how is the supply being regulated? Can't seem to find any materail on it?


texts: Cannot compile bitcoind with zmq enabled

texts:
I need bitcoind with enabled zmq. When I'm building bitocind from source and make ./configure the output is:

Options used to compile and link:
...
  with zmq      = no
...

No matter what i pass to arguments.

My configure command looks like:

$ ./configure --enable-cxx --disable-shared --with-pic --without-gui --with-zmq --enable-zmq --prefix=/home/ubuntu/bitcoin/db4/


texts: Trying to understand the mempool and how transactions are picked

texts:
I am very new to blockchain and try to understand it completely. What I think I understood is,
that every transaction is going to the mempool first and these transactions are getting picked by miners. With a bunch of transactions and the previous block hash a new hash needs to be calculated. And as soon as the desired hash is calculated a new block is mined.
What I dont understand:

Is one transaction only picked by one miner or is it possible, that more miners can pick the same transaction?
If only one miner can pick a transaction, what happens if this miner has weak hardware?
If more miners can pick a transaction, what happens to the other miners(that couldnt calculate the hash first).

I googled a lot and couldnt find an answer to this questions.
Hope this question meets the criteria and you guys can help me :).
Thanks in advance.


texts: How to restore locally a MyWallet backup?

texts:
The website blockchain.info has an online wallet system MyWallet which creates backups with a .aes.json extension. While I understand it's a json file encrypted with AES using my passphrase, I'm still confused about what am I supposed to do to decrypt it and load it into a local client.

I have OSX 10.6, but for portability sake let's just talk about command line, hoping at least that one stays the same on multiple platforms.


texts: Where are the BTC from my paper wallet gone?

texts:
https://blockchain.info/de/address/12PDCamPFJexx7aVAhy6nFDxJaq7TihH6b

Hi! I got a newbie question. I sent 0,00025 BTC by Jaxx on my iPhone to a paper wallet created on bitaddress.org. The wallet pub key was 12PDCamPFJexx7aVAhy6nFDxJaq7TihH6b. I can see this transaction on blockchain.info

But now my paper wallet seems to be empty. Where are the BTCs gone? I see an outflow to 1BLgeYFimGM7Dj7PDwaN55auLv7RPevY6P, but what is this?

Thanks for your help.


texts: The probability of block generation by two miners in a special case?

texts:
If network would include 2 mining pools (pool_1 and pool_2) with the hashpower of 49% and 51%,respectively, then wo want to calculate the probability that in 10 minutes, exactly 2 blocks would be generated such that two blocks are not generated at the same time and the first block is generated by pool_1 with hashpower of 49% and second block is generated by pool_2 with hashpower of 51% ?

(1) It is important for us to know which pool generates the first block and which one generates the second block, so, we want to know the probability that the first block is generated by which pool (regarding to their hashpower)

(2) we assume that pool_2 is honest and pool_1 is selfish
and

(3) We know that Bitcoin network on average generates one block per 10 minutes.)

(According to solution that is proposed by Murch here : How can we be sure that a new block will be found?)

Thanks


texts: bitcoin paper wallet--multiple addresses

texts:
Is it is true that a paper wallet has only one address and can only have one address maximum?

I want to be 100% sure when I check my balance on blockchain.info that the money is there. If someone were to take my private key, could they generate a new address and transfer money without me seeing it (since I only check the address WRITTEN on the paper wallet)?


texts: How to find out if Bitcoin is running ANYWHERE on my laptop

texts:
Sooo long story short, I have a Samsung series 7 laptop, i'm running Fedora 18 and I downloaded Bitcoin-qt not too long ago.  I am admittedly stupid for doing so before doing ALL proper research (though I did a lot, but not enough) I am pretty much over my bitcoin phase for the moment and would LOVE LOVE LOVE to completely remove bitcoin and any trace of it from my system.. I have had some pretty big speed issues since installing and even though I have tried to delete bitcoin I am almost positive it is still haunting me and secretly running on my machine....Can someone PLEASE give me the proper instructions to A) Find it on my system and B) DELETE IT ALL!!????
I am soo tired of spending as much time as I have searching Google and every forum under the sun for a simplistic answer...and by simplistic I mean I am also VERY new to Linux based systems so I am not familiar with command lines....
Sorry for being "stupid" for doing what I've done but hey...live and learn!  Thanks in advance for the help!!

Michelline


texts: what would it take for the Bitcoin price to drop less than a dollar?

texts:
I don't understand why the prices have actually dropped these days so much. Some forums say that people are selling, so what? People are selling, and people are buying, the bitcoins don't disappear they just change hands. Then why does the price drop?

And assuming this is the case, then theoretically speaking, what would it take for the price to drop lower than one dollar?


texts: If the miner with the strongest ability to solve the block wins, why doesn't the same miner win every time?  Wouldn't that miner still have the strongest ability to perform the proof of work on the next block and thus win every block?


texts: What is the total number (or rate) of orphaned blocks in Bitcoin in 2020?

texts:
Apparently, blockchain.com stopped to provide such information in 2017. Obviously, we still have orphaned/stale blocks in Bitcoin (see, e.g., BitMEX Research: Bitcoin Has a Stale Block For The First Time Since October 2019). It looks that in 2020 we have less orphaned blocks than before, but I would like to compare this more strictly. So, I have the following questions:

Where could I find a reliable and up-to-date source for such information?
Is it really nowadays we have fewer stale/orphaned blocks in Bitcoin compared to, e.g., 2016?

If so, what's the reasoning behind this? As I understand, the larger block size (now is around 1.2 Mb, and in 2016 it was around 0.5 Mb) should result in a larger number of orphaned blocks, but it looks, that's not the case in reality.
Were there introduced any changes in the Bitcoin protocol to address this?
Does the (improved) relay network makes this difference?


texts: How do I transfer bitpay wallet from one machine to another (PC or oth. type of device)

texts:
I have a new PC that I want to host my bitpay wallet on, so I need to migrate it from the current machine. I did a superficial search on the current machine for *wallet.dat* file in my C: drive w/ dir /s *wallet.dat* but it seems like bitpay uses a different storage model.

Question: How do I migrate bitpay wallet from any type of device to another device of any type?


texts:
On average, how many "computations" (GPU computations, CPU computations, CPU cycles, etc.) does it take to solve a block ("win" a mining race)?

What are these computations measured in? Operations? Operations per second? Something else? Thanks in advance!


texts: Bitcoin is becoming CENTRALIZED and is INSECURE

texts:
I'd like someone to tell me if I'm wrong:

More than 50% of the mining is done by Chinese pools.  That means that they control the network - who's transactions get in, who's transactions are left out. Since the block reward was reduced to 12.5BTC, they are completing it with transaction fees - the bigger the transaction you're sending - the bigger the fee you need to pay them.  Last time I've checked I've seen some transactions with fees of more than $1000 worth of BTC in them.  So in a sense, Bitcoin is starting to act like a traditional banking system - owned by Chinese people.
Blockchain size is increasing rapidly and soon to reach 200GB of storage - when the size will get ever larger, especially assuming that people that host the entire chain on their computer do not get rewarded for it and maintaining a full node requires electricity + storage + network uptime, it will soon be costly to run a full node.   200GB and even 1TB of storage is no problem for a central authority to run, and it seems to be going in that direction. How can the network continue to be P2P like that?  And especially what happends if that main storage will be taken over by the authorities and be shutdown?
Same issue as in #2 - Because downloading and installing a node is costly and difficult, most of the wallets being opened by people today are online wallets, most likely under the mainsite blockchain.com, and this site seems to be run by ghosts - there's no actual person there that you can contact in case of problems with your wallet, and the only way to contact them is through a Luxembourg court order (see "Legal" section on their site).  Same goes for the bitcoin.org domain - there's no person that can take responsibility for these operations.  What happends if tommorow blockchain.com gets shutdown for legal actions?   What will happend with people's wallets and their funds then?
There is no governance, and the only thing that governs the entire network is mathematics.  What happends if tommorow all Chinese pools collaborate together, make a Bitcoin transaction of 1M Bitcoins, and after 5 or 6 blocks (confirmation) they start to re-mine all the blocks again in order to erase that transaction from the chain?   Assuming that they outmine all the other competitors, I can't think of scenario where they won't catch up and even win over the honest chain, assuming the difficulty changes only every 2016 blocks.  If I was the owner of these pools, what can prevent me from deliberately ceasing all my mining power.. wait for the net difficulty to lower, and then do this attack?

Any expert thoughts on this?


texts: How does blockchain.info get the addressbalance / seen date?

texts:
I am trying to figure out how blockchain.info gets the following API functions and is there any way to do these calls on a server (without using their API) perhaps through bitcoind?

https://blockchain.info/q/addressfirstseen/
https://blockchain.info/q/addressbalance/

Thanks.


texts: How to get the capacity of remote channel in Eclair?

texts:
I want to query an Eclair node for properties of a channel which I'm not a party of. Obviously, this information is in the local view of the network graph and is used for routing. However, the API provides only the following relevant methods:

AllChannels: Returns non detailed information about all public channels in the network. Example output:

[
  {
    "shortChannelId": "508856x657x0",
    "a": "0206c7b60457550f512d80ecdd9fb6eb798ce7e91bf6ec08ad9c53d72e94ef620d",
    "b": "02f6725f9c1c40333b67faea92fd211c183050f28df32cac3f9d69685fe9665432"
  },
  {
    "shortChannelId": "512733x303x0",
    "a": "024bd94f0425590434538fd21d4e58982f7e9cfd8f339205a73deb9c0e0341f5bd",
    "b": "02eae56f155bae8a8eaab82ddc6fef04d5a79a6b0b0d7bcdd0b60d52f3015af031"
  }
]

Channels: Returns the list of local channels, optionally filtered by remote node. Example output: see docs, too long to paste here.

How can I get more information about remote channels, for example, their capacities?


texts: How do I send Bitcoin in paper wallet to other person?

texts:
I'm new to bitcoin.
Can you tell me step by step how do I send Bitcoin in paper wallet to other person.

Thank you!


texts: Which Bitcoin miners allow one to use paths in URLs?

texts:
I've recently been experimenting with implementing a pool and testing it against GUIminer. To my surprise, it was not able to handle paths in URL of the pool, only subdomains. For example, calling:

http://tpbitpool.appspot.com

on port 80 gives a proper response of

{'message': 'Method not found', 'code': -32601, 'data': 'The called method was not found on the server'}

But calling

http://tpbitpool.appspot.com/anything

Or even

http://tpbitpool.appspot.com/

Despite being able to be handled by the server, gives an error of

"Problems communicating with bitcoin RPC"

Testing the same URLs with Python's jsonrpc gives correct results.

Is there any reason why a miner would behave in this way? Is there a list of mining software that behave similarly?

(note, the above URL should be up for some time for testing purposes, but reachable only via http and https ports)


texts: Can't buy bitcoins from Greece via prepaid card

texts:
I have an account at National Bank of Greece and would like to buy bitcoins in Greece using a pre-paid Visa Card. Can someone point out how I could do that? I could also get one from another bank if that's necessary. I have heard about a Bitcoin ATM somewhere, but I'm unsure if that would work in my case.

I also tried blockchain, but the bank didn't send the cash.


texts: Is it cost-effective to purchase an expensive card?

texts:
I was considering purchasing the Monarch BPU 300 C or the 600 C.  However, neither of them are expected to ship before February of 2014 or later.

If this calculator is to be trusted, it doesn't seem like one could ever earn back the cost of either of these units, especially if this difficulty graph is accurate.

According to said calculator, the 600 model would leave you $2000 short after 6 months at a purchase price of $4680.  Also, the cheaper 300 model would leave you about $1450 short after 6 months after a purchase price of $2800.  And those figures are assuming you start using the product in mid-February.  If Butterfly labs are late on shipping the cards, and you start in March... forget about it.

I'm fairly new to the Bitcoin game, so can someone tell me if I'm wrong about this?  Is it actually wise to purchase either of these cards?

Edit - The short answer is NO, especially for SHA-256 currencies.  I spent about $1000 on a 50 GH/s miner.  It generated about $30 per week in gross profit, but the net profit was less due to pool fees.  Also, my electric bill rose by $100 per month.  Luckily, I was able to find someone to buy the miner from me on ebay for CLOSE to what I paid for it.


texts:
How can a wallet using ripple-lib to interact with the ledger be certain it is seeing the real consensus ledger?  If an attacker has control of the rippled server, or the connection to it, what is to stop them from falsely verifying that funds have been received?

Is it just a matter of trusting server operator + certificate authority + https?  If you are currently connected to a legitimate server is there some data you can save that would confirm that future transactions were verified by the same entity?


texts: Bitcoinj: How to get notified when coins are received

texts: I need to know when my local wallet receives coins... but onCoinsReceived is invoked as soon as a transaction on my wallet is visible. How do I get notified when coins have been received and are spendable?


texts: Probability an honest node finds the next block vs. probability the attacker finds the next block

texts:
I am trying to understand Satoshi's paper [1]. On page 6 of the paper, he calculates the probability that someone can attack the blockchain from z blocks behind. He begins by defining:

My question: The mining of a block i.e., solving the hash puzzle is a completely brute-force trial-and-error process in which one keeps trying a random nonce until one gets a hit. No one has an upper hand in this process. So shouldn't p and q be equal to each other?

EDIT: since comment would have been very long. Responding to the comments, in that case it gets even worse. q can be greater than p. Let the Bitcoin network be composed of M mining pools with their compute power be given by p_i. Then all an attacker needs to do is to form a pool whose compute power is greater than max(p_i). Am I missing something? In other words, the pool with max compute power can attack the blockchain already.

In an ideal design, if I want to attack the blockchain, I should be pitted against the sum of p_i not the max of p_i.


texts: If lightning network transactions are "off chain", can we still see the transaction history then?

texts: If the lightning network is a off chain system. Are the transactions private or public? And does that mean once you send bitcoin to a lightning network address, it can possible get hidden in a payment channel? Or is that not possible?


texts: Under what conditions could a change address immediately send the entire balance to a third-party address?

texts:
I have a situation where I sent 1 coin to and address I own and my wallet sent the unspent output to a change address but due to a glitch in the wallet software, that change address doesn't show up in my wallet. I did see that change address in my wallet at some point in the past but when I upgraded the wallet, the address was gone. When I look at the unspent transaction, I see that it immediately flushed the entire address to another address that I think I do not own. I do not have my private key and cannot seem to reproduce it from my 24 word BIP32 mnemonic.

Questions:

If I own the private key to the change address, then how could the change address spend my coin without my private key?
If the wallet doesn't identify the change address as being owned by me, does the miner take the balance?

I'm stumped by how and why this happened.

Thanks


texts: Why do AMD's GPUs mine faster than Nvidia's?

texts: I have been searching Google all day and cannot find any real information. I'm looking for information in detail, such as specifications or the qualities of the GPUs that make the differences.


texts: Why do other miners check block validity along with proof of work?

texts:
I am new to blockchains and bitcoins. So, please pardon the lack of understanding. Assume I am a miner who adds a bogus transaction (say a transfer from my account which has 0 balance to my other account). I get lucky and solve the proof-of-work puzzle first with this bogus data. I know that the other miners check if my block's data corresponds to my proof-of-work but do they also check if my data is valid? What happens when they realize that my block (which has been added to the blockchain) is invalid? What incentive do they have to perform this check instead of spending the computation power on solving the next block?
Other similar questions don't talk about the reason why other miners don't simply assume that a block with correct proof-of-work is valid and save time by not validating the data?


texts: How can I have Bitcoind.exe use the core data from Bitcoin-QT on my D drive. Using Windows 10

texts:
I down loaded Bitcoin core to my D drive, because it's too big for my C drive. Bitcoind.exe keeps creating AppData/Roaming/bitcoin where the core is down loaded. However I already have the core fully down loaded to my "D:/Bitcoin Core data" What commands can I put into command line in Windows to direct bitcoind.exe to continue to write to the D Drive.  Also how would I create a short cut to replicate this with out having to always type it in the command line.

Is there any way to automate the process.


texts: Any good reference to a proof of the trustworthiness of a simple protocol based on blockchain?

texts:
I would like to learn how to proof the trustworthiness of a protocol based on blockchain, so I'm looking for a simple example. Specifically, I would like to know which formal system is adecuate for the job and how to apply it for the properties of the blockchain.

Taken from Wikipedia's article on BAN logic:

  In some cases a protocol was reasoned as secure by the BAN analysis but where in fact insecure. This has led to the abandonment of BAN-family logics in favor of proof methods based on standard invariance reasoning.

Does anybody knows which "proof methods based on standard invariance reasoning" is the author writing about?


texts: How to get crypto currency wallet balances

texts:
I am trying to build an app that will pull in all my wallet balances. I can easily do this with exchange apis, but how do I get balances that are stored in wallet?

Do I need to set up bitcoind, litecoind, neo equivalent, and all of the rest? That sounds like a lot of work and A LOT of server space / resources?

I'm surprised I haven't been able to find a single unified api provider, where I can just send a BTC address, or a LTC address or a NEO address and it returns me a balance. Does such a thing not exist?

Thanks :)


texts: Simple, default, "hello world" smart contract for an auction? (winner wins, all the rest gets refunded)

texts:
I recently read an article: https://medium.com/@jimmysong/the-truth-about-smart-contracts-ae825271811f

  Because of a lot of centralized marketing from Ethereum, there’s a mistaken belief that Smart Contracts only exist in Ethereum. This is not true. Bitcoin has had, from the very beginning in 2009, a pretty extensive smart contract language called Script.

If Bitcoin has smart contracts, I would like to see how to create a simple "hello world" auction - winner wins, those who didn't win get refunded.

(I've heard that RSK is EVM-compatible but that's more involved)


texts:
Free money, is free money.  Last week I transferred my distributed BTC funds to a BTC lite wallet so that I could be holding funds before the Bitcoin Cash fork.

I now have some BCC sitting in a BCC account, but I need to move it to an exchange.  I've searched and searched, but I can't find a simple, straightforward answer.

Is there a lite wallet or a (moderately) safe web wallet that will allow me to import my keys and withdraw my funds?

Also, I'm well aware of security risks with web wallets.  I've already deposited all of my funds back to their respective exchanges and the BTC account is empty, and I plan on never using it again.  Now, all I want to do is access my Bitcoin Cash funds as painlessly and quickly as possible.


texts: Submitted a raw tx that was already on the blockchain, to test it. I got 'missing inputs' instead of 'already exists'. Why?

texts:
In an attempt to more fully understand raw transactions etc, I went to look at tx 518c41d5e59114f6a23383afbe95f02cdd09cb50cabd8390bdd9162a890435b3 in its raw form being:

  01000000017871f56f7be2743293abb1adccf21526265e4ad793fddbc08508417293fd6b4e000000006a47304402201f3b98d55c16a1ff9e66cbdd5533fd74d18362477f50dbce357d66e1233ba469022066fd837cf7e1e030f5aab0f22fec06c7d98ee948fd8b9aba185512426079e0a201210284ca3e364bebb4cafb9fa76624927078e16a4244314f824ea8acff0ef1ba4627ffffffff0220a10700000000001976a91488d924f51033b74a895863a5fb57fd545529df7d88ac81f1d909000000001976a914db4c1f7949870fae5cdc366a45e2ea39c084547c88ac00000000

I then tried to submit that raw form, just copy and paste into my bitcoin wallet program to "sendrawtransaction" and got the error missing inputs (code -25).  This seems odd in it of itself because since this is an exact copy and paste of the raw transaction that is on the blockchain, shouldn't it not be missing anything at all?  Also, shouldn't I be getting a "transaction already exists" error instead?  Or do I not understand something about how raw transactions are submitted?


texts: Displaying price in BTC based on USD exchange rate

texts:
This is a pretty classic programming question, but I think it is a very common one for the Bitcoin community, and would be helpful to have the code publicly available.

My preference is for a php script.

Bitpay publishes it's exchange rates here: https://bitpay.com/api/rates

If an item is $10 USD, how would I do the following?

1) extract the BTC/USD exchange rate from the array at this URL
2) Define the price, then divide by the exchange rate
3) Display the BTC price in an HTML page?


texts: Cryptocurrency wallet passphrase 10 word?

texts: I have a pass phrase with 10 words but can't remember what wallet I used, an every one I have tried is 12. Does anyone know ?


texts:
I saw this post, but it really didn't help me.

How should I fill out my tax forms if I am only buying and holding bitcoins, not selling them?

This page appears to suggest that I only need to worry about taxes if I profit off of them when I sell them:

Buying and Selling Bitcoins

Income Tax Implications

Where a person trades or sells Bitcoins like a commodity (i.e., speculating
on the changes in the value of Bitcoins), the resulting gain or loss may be
on account of income or capital.  Determining whether such a transaction is
on account of income or capital can only be made following an assessment of
all the facts relating to the particular taxpayer’s circumstances.
Paragraphs 9 to 32 of Interpretation Bulletin IT-479R, “Transactions in
securities”, provide general comments for purposes of determining whether
transactions are income or capital in nature.

The determination of the income tax consequences relating to the treatment
of gains and losses arising from the purchase and sale of Bitcoins would be
generally the same as for transaction[enter link description here][3]s
involving other types of commodities.

Example:

Mr. X bought a Bitcoin on June 1, 2013 for $100.  Mr. X then sold the
Bitcoin on December 1, 2013 for $500.

Based on his particular facts and circumstances, Mr. X determined that the
gain was on account of capital.

Mr. X has a capital gain since he sold a capital property for more than the
total of its adjusted cost base and the outlays and expenses incurred to
sell the property.

Mr. X’s capital gain is $400 ($500 less $100).  Mr. X will need to report
$200 as a taxable capital gain (only 1/2 of the capital gain is taxable) on
his 2013 Income Tax and Benefit Return.

Although I don't know how reputable that page is, so here is the official, incomprehensible source.


texts: 1ML shows larger number of nodes comparing to other lightning network explorers

texts:
I found that 1ML displays almost double the number of nodes comparing to other lightning network explorers.

I think 1ML does not provide the datasource but are you able to guess about the reason of the difference?

Besides 1ML, the numbers of nodes are almost same.

My own c-lightning nodes shows about 4,000 by listnodes command and lightning.chaintools.io uses lnd's GetNetworkInfo rpc call according to their source code.

1ML https://1ml.com/statistics

Nodes: 7,462
Channels: 39,310

ACINQ https://explorer.acinq.co/

Nodes: 4,011
Channels: 39,514

Indexplorer https://graph.lndexplorer.com/

Nodes: 3,941
Channels: 38,983

Lightning Explorer https://lightning.chaintools.io/

Nodes: 3,971
Channels: 39,201

Lightning Explorer https://explore.casa/

Nodes: 3,978
Channels: 39,009


texts: allowed DER encoding format violations for signatures in bitcoin: implications for libraries?

texts:
I have recently changed verification code in python-bitcointx to use libsecp256k1 library.

In the python-bitcoinlib code (that python-bitcointx is a derivative of), openssl functions were used for signature verification.

I want to be able to remove dependency on openssl in the future, and use only libsecp256k1 in python-bitcointx, but there is a problem that I noticed when I re-wrote CECKey.verify() method:

libsecp256k1 function secp256k1_ecdsa_signature_parse_der() only allows strictly valid DER-encoded signatures.

bitcoind uses ecdsa_signature_parse_der_lax() function, copied from libsecp256k1's contrib/ directory. This function is not compiled in a normal compilation cycle of libsecp256k1.

It is expected for bitcoin-focused library to be able to verify signatures that bitcoind will also verify.

To be able to verify non-strict-encoded signatures with libsecp256k1, I see 3 options:

  EDIT: I might just implement two verification methods, strict and non-strict, and then use them in tests. openssl dependency will stay because of verify_nonstrict().

get ecdsa_signature_parse_der_lax() function from libsecp256k1/contrib, add it to python-bitcointx repository, compile at python package build time, install with a package.

This is not desireable, because it adds requirement to have C compiler to build the python package. In some environments this may be inconvenient.

re-implement ecdsa_signature_parse_der_lax() in python

I would like to avoid this, to reduce the size of the code (reduce the surface where bug may be introduced). Porting this function correctly will require to invest some time.

It will also make verification slower to some degree, because more operations will be done in python, vs calling C functions.

do a cycle of decode-with-openssl / encode-with-openssl / decode-with-libsecp256k1

This way all encoding violations that openssl allows are also allowed by first decode-with-openssl. encode-with-openssl then creates valid encoding, and decode-with-libsecp256k1 is happy.

The problem with this approach (in addition to this decode/encode cycle) is that it will allow some format violations that bitcoind won't allow, because ecdsa_signature_parse_der_lax() only allows an arbitrary subset of violations allowed by openssl.

python-bitcoinlib was using openssl to decode, too, so I went with the later approach - decode/encode/decode. This means I cannot drop openssl dependency.

My question is: what may be the implications of this choice ?

What I can see is that when someone uses python-bitcointx or python-bitcoinlib to verify inputs in some transaction, and these inputs contain signatures that is accepted by openssl, but not by bitcoind, they might be convinced that tx is valid, but will have unpleasant surprise when they try to broadcast it.

With some protocols that require parties to store signed transactions, that might be relevant.

As this is historical behavior of python-bitcoinlib, I am inclined to just document this in the README.md as a 'gotcha', and leave it as it is now.

But maybe there is some other potential problems that could arise out of this issue, that may be more serious, and the first or second options described above should be considered ?


texts: What are some possible causes of the BTC-e 'flash' crash?

texts: What circumstances made this possible? What entities or major factors could be the cause?


texts: What determines BTC's wallet size in bytes?

texts:
Does wallet.dat contain every address that I created?  Even if I didn't get any coins from it?
To be clear, suppose I run bitcoin-qt in Linux, and, in the GUI, I click on Receive then click on Create new receiving address:

At this point, no coins are received.  Will this immediately generate a new public-private key pair?   How was this public-private key generated?
Is this new key pair stored in wallet.dat even before me receiving any payments?
I receive coins on that address.  Will this affect the size of wallet.dat?

Basically I'm concerned on the size of wallet.dat as I keep creating new receiving addresses.
What determines the size of wallet.dat?  It's about 1.4 MB now.  What made it so?  What will make it change?
This is a graph showing how wallet.dat's size increases as I keep adding new addresses:

Looks pretty linear to me with a slope of 1135.0361445783133 bytes per address.  I wonder why is this?  Is it because wallet.dat is storing a whole new public-private key pair per address?  Or what is happening?
I then delted all those addresses, but  wallet.dat's size didn't reduce.  In fact it even increased!


texts: Bitcoind daemon keeps getting "killed" on AWS

texts:
I'm trying to run bitcoind on an AWS debian instance. Running with the -daemon option would terminate with no indication as to why so I decided to run it under a screen. I started it last night (without options) and disconnected from the screen and verified that it was working. This morning the server had stopped so I reconnected to the screen session it was running on and the only message bitcoind gave was "Killed".

There's nothing in the logs that seems to indicate how or why this is happening and I'm at a bit of a loss. Can anyone give me some recommendations or insight on how to determine the cause of the issue?


texts: Please explain CFeeRate::GetFee(size_t nBytes)

texts:
Referring to the function CAmount CFeeRate::GetFee(size_t nBytes_) in feerate.cpp:

If I pass in say 2000 as the nBytes argument, what will this function return as the fee nFee? I don't understand how nSatoshisPerK is defined. Also, curious as to why this is used instead of letting miners determine this fee through selective mining.

CAmount CFeeRate::GetFee(size_t nBytes_) const
{
    assert(nBytes_ <= uint64_t(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()));
    int64_t nSize = int64_t(nBytes_);

    CAmount nFee = nSatoshisPerK * nSize / 1000;

    if (nFee == 0 && nSize != 0) {
        if (nSatoshisPerK > 0)
            nFee = CAmount(1);
        if (nSatoshisPerK < 0)
            nFee = CAmount(-1);
    }

    return nFee;
}


texts: How to extract addresses from input in raw transaction


texts: What is the algorithm behind multisignature address and redeem script?

texts:
I know you can create a multisignature address with the command:

bitcoind createmultisig 2 ["pubkey1", "pubkey2", "pubkey3"]

As described here: https://gist.github.com/gavinandresen/3966071

This command returns the address (starting with character '3') and the redeem script.

My question: how to create multi-signature address and redeem script without using bitcoind? What algorithm is used?

Could you point me to some sources?


texts: Can bitcoin node startup be secure without validating the entire blockchain?

texts:
One of the largest hurdles in my mind to increasing the number of full nodes operating is the startup cost related to downloading the blockchain.  A similar but less important (in my mind) issue is the amount of disk space required by the full blockchain.

At Pruning the branches in Merkle Tree Nick ODell writes "[Bitcoin Core] was built on the assumption that you download and validate all blocks."  In Would moving a transaction from an old block to a new one allow more pruning? Murch suggested that some assumptions be checked, and I think one of them was my assumption that it isn't necessary to parse the entire blockchain.  Thanks to Murch, this question is intended to address that assumption.


texts: How is the mempool incorporated in the calculation of the block hash?

texts:
So I've been reading about how the nonce is calculated. There is one part that I don't get. So there is a mempool, and each node (or mining node) takes a part (or the whole part) of that mempool, computes a merkle root and combines it with a nonce to get a hash that has a certain difficulty level.

Is the mempool (or part of it) is first converted to a hash by the mining software, then enters the nonce calculation?

Are there requirements on how the transactions are ordered when mining a block?

Can nodes choose the order of transactions in a block? Is a node free to choose any order of the transactions that it wants or must it be chosen chronologically?

(feel free to edit the question, I tried to explain it the best I could)


texts: How does a constant opcode become negative in Script

texts:
I am doing some tutorial and in this chapter we are suppose to reproduce the Script scripting language

I am struggling to understand one of the exercises, here it is:

Create a ScriptSig that can unlock this ScriptPubKey:
767695935687

and the answer is 0x52 so that :

>>> from script import Script
>>> script_pubkey = Script([0x76, 0x76, 0x95, 0x93, 0x56, 0x87])
>>> script_sig = Script([0x52])
>>> combined_script = script_sig + script_pubkey
>>> print(combined_script.evaluate(0))

and that OP_2 or 52 will satisfy the equation x² + x – 6 = 0.

I guess I get the whole part execution except when the OP_6 is pushed on the stack, how does it become negative ?


texts: Why does Bitcoin-Qt use hidden private addresses?

texts:
As I found out from this question default wallet contains 100 private keys but only makes one visible.

But what I don't understand is why Bitcoin using those "hidden" addresses? I've been using my main address ABCDE and after some point I've noticed that my balance is spread on different private addresses which I can see in "Receive coins" tab. Why couldn't it just use my main address?


texts: Why does Bitcoin store keys in a database?

texts:
According to this Bitcoin stores the user's keys and some additional data in a file called wallet.dat, which is a Berkley DB. Let's suppose the wallet.dat contained only the user's keys. Let's also suppose we're using linux.

What is then the main reason for Bitcoin to store keys in a database? Wouldn't it have the same effect if keys were stored as flat files: the public key would be the filename and the private key would be the content of the file?

Even if we had millions of keys, and therefore millions of files in a single directory, the i-node limit (maximum number of files in a directory) and file lookup speed shouldn't be a problem. The majority of linux systems use the ext4 as its filesystem and according to this the number of i-nodes in ext4 is unlimited (limited only by the disk memory). Also according to this the EXT4 uses a structure called HTree, which allows for file lookups to have a constant time complexity.


texts: If a double spend is executed, what happens to the original transaction?

texts:
So I think i have read enough about double spending so as to be able to execute one.

But I have found nowhere what happens to the original transaction.


texts: Abandoned transaction with low fee and now can't get any transactions to confirm

texts:
thanks for taking the time to help.

I tried to move btc from my Bitcoin Core wallet to my Electrum wallet and thinking that I was in no hurry tried sending it with the minimum transaction fee. After several days with no confirmations, I found out that was a stupid idea as the transaction is sitting in purgatory while all others with higher fees are moving ahead of mine. Lesson learned.

I tried using abandontransaction to clear it and didn't have any success. Then I tried loading Bitcoin Core using zapwallettxes command and got it to clear and the coins were back in my wallet. I attempted to transfer to my Electrum wallet about 1 hour later only to find the transaction back in the history but still 0 confirmations.
I tried using zapwallettxes and reloading with the same results but created a transfer to my Electrum wallet as soon as it was finished loading, this time making the transaction fee the fastest available. It has now been over 24 hours and still I have 0 confirmations on the new transaction.
What am I missing here? I'm far from an expert at this, but do have some basic knowledge and can follow any directions given. Any help is much appreciated.


texts: Can attackers change transactions during a 51% attack?

texts:
If in a 51% attack transactions can be reversed, isn't it possible that the chain with more hash rate also changes transactions (for example if x sent 5 btc to y, they would change it to x sent 500 btc to y)
and then would confirm such malicious transactions more often than the corresponding good transactions that were confirmed on the honest chain.

I have this notion that transactions get n number of confirmations if after the block with that transaction was added, n more blocks were added.


texts: How to remove an address used for signing from the key pool?

texts:
The message signing feature available in the Bitcoin-Qt client lets me prove that I own a Bitcoin address.  I don't wish for this address to ever be used for a future transaction however.

Is there a way I can get the private key (and address) removed from the key pool so that it will not end up being assigned when I click "New Address" or used for the change address in some future transaction?

If so, what is the command and syntax?  (Presuming I do this from the debug window).


texts: As of today Jan-2014. How much drive space does the following coins blockchain data take?

texts:
As of today 2014-January-05.

How much drive space does each of these coins take after downloading the complete blockchain?

Bitcoin
Litecoin
PPCoin
Florincoin
Philosopher Stone
Norbits
Anonymous Coin

Or better yet, is there a website that shows all this data with these altcoins.


texts: How did transaction malleability/DDOS attacks allow an exchange's internal accounting system to get "out of sync"?

texts:
This Coindesk article says that:

  “So as transactions are being created, malformed/parallel transactions
  are also being created so as to create a fog of confusion over the
  entire network, which then affects almost every single implementation
  out there,” he added.

  Antonopoulos went on to say that Blockchain.info’s implementation is
  not affected, but some exchanges have been affected – their internal
  accounting systems are gradually going out of sync with the network.

How does this getting out of sync occur? Here's my understanding; as a transaction is created, malicious users create hundreds of transactions in the network that are identical except for a mutated signature. The original transaction may or may not be confirmed because a mutated version may get confirmed in the blockchain first.

For example, Mt. Gox, which used an automated system to approve withdrawals (as the article states), would consider a withdrawal transaction approved before it was actually confirmed in the blockchain. Once a mutated version of that transaction was confirmed in the blockchain, Mt. Gox's accounting system had a problem because a transaction it assumed was confirmed (and therefore had already "lost" the Bitcoins for) wasn't actually confirmed.

Is my understanding correct?


texts:
I use the blockchain.com account send some btc to my trezor account in Feb 2021.  Later I found the TX id had record in blockchain.com, even if mempool check... Also have.  Later I found still not confirm, then I use viabtc accelerate, after that only blockchain.com have the record, other platform found my TX id not exist.
Why? How can I solve? Or may  I request miners broadcast again?
Thank you
ID
7a96f481b4948b13f9c525f37116906464aac62e9f1bd5905c953054c654b3e4


texts:
Just saw good question on Telegram:

So I working on an algorithm that would download and process bitcoin blocks, specifically the transactions in them. I want to take every output address of every transaction in a block and query my database if any users own this address as their deposit address. Initially I thought an output can only have one address and so I can just credit the person who owns it with the amount of that output. But now I found out that an output can actually have multiple addresses to it and thats called multisig. I don’t really understand the concept of this. So what if a person uses his deposit address that I’ve given them as first address and they also use another address of their own as second address in a single output? Can they use that output with their address to waste it so then so I lose the money they deposited?


texts: What is the cause of "version handshake timeout"?

texts: This keeps happening over and over and results in me disconnecting from peers.


texts:
Suppose I make a locked wallet with 50000 pre-generated addresses.

As long as I researched, only way I can collect those 50000 addresses using RPC and "getnewaddress". Feel free to correct me.

I understand this will took several hours or days, so I can set this up on some VPS and let it run.

For this I do not need blockchain to be synchronized.

How can I start bitcoind without blockchain synchronization?

I am thinking about "connect" option or testnet, but both looks like a hack.


texts:
I wrote a couple of algorithms that perform the ECDSA and also the verification. So I used my algorithm and the RPC call for signing and I got a couple of questions.

Since we have the ephemeral private key which has to be random how can I sign two times the same transaction and get the same signature as Bitcoin RPC does.
What is the hash that should be signed, the whole transaction without the signature, do I have to exclude any fields?


texts: Bitcoin cash with bicore and addressindex

texts:
Bitcore runs a version of bitcoind where theres address index and we can search any addresses I have implemented the bitcoin insight block explorer and its working perfectly

I need to implement bitcoin cash (bitcoin ABC or Unlimited) but my question is can I search using addresses if I mix bitcore + bitcoin cash

I mean does bitcoin ABC comes with address index function ? thats compatible with bitcore ?


texts: transferring funds from bittrex to binance

texts: I want transfer a btc from bittrex to binance but they are telling me that they are supporting only non segwit adress. I don’t know if my btc adress In binance it’s non segwit too.   Thank u


texts: What does the transaction version byte mean?


texts: Is Merkle tree pruning described in the whitepaper feasible/useful? If not, would there be any alternative?

texts:
When I was reading bitcoin-paper-errata-and-details.md written by David A. Harding, I realized that there's probably a common misunderstanding or over-simplification about Merkle tree pruning. What Nick ODell had said might be a live example:

A leaf (transaction) can be pruned when all of its outputs have been spent.

This once seemed to be true for me, until I read what David had written:

there is currently no way in Bitcoin to prove that a transaction has not been spent

I'm not sure whether I have grasped it, so firstly I made a diagram to illustrate (part of) my understanding to this problem:

Still, I don't think merely this problem can kill the whole idea of Merkle tree pruning yet, I think it just means that "the reclaimable disk capacity is much lower than expectation". In other words, if I'm not mistaken, Nick ODell's claim could be "corrected" like:

A leaf (transaction) can be pruned when all of its outputs have been spent, and all of its previous transactions have been pruned.

However, I then think that, even if the "corrected" claim is taken into consideration, the idea of Merkle tree pruning still doesn't seem to be feasible/useful:

Even if the problem mentioned above is avoided, a malicious node can still deceive the new full node by hiding/picking some merkle branches. A malicious node can lie about the actual ownership of coins (spent/unspent state) without breaking the Merkle tree structure at all. In other words, a new full node joining the network still needs to download & verify everything, otherwise, it could be deceived by a malicious node.

If a full node needs to enable pruning to reduce disk space requirement for itself, directly reading/modifying the blockchain files seems to be much less efficient than the current implementation that the UTXO set is completely separated from the blockchain storage, so that a full node (no matter it's pruning or not) only needs to query and update the UTXO set database during the downloading & validation process. The blockchain itself doesn't need to be touched once again for validation purposes at all, which is the reason why the old blocks can be simply deleted when "pruning" (not Merkle tree pruning) is enabled.

However, I'm still not sure about this conclusion. Is this related to the idea of fraud proofs, in the sense that as long as there's still at least one honest full node, the new node would be able to spot which piece of data is the correct one? What if the UTXO set is also committed to the blockchain? What if some more commitments like the block height of previous transaction are also added to the blockchain?
Furthermore, I've heard that the Mimblewimble protocol enables secure blockchain pruning. I'm also curious how Mimblewimble could achieve this, and whether similar goal could be eventually achieved in Bitcoin?


texts: About performing SHA-256 hashing on the public key

texts:
I am following this link, trying to perform SHA-256 on a given public key.
However, I cannot get the expected result.
I am using the sha256 library in python hashlib

The input is

0450863AD64A87AE8A2FE83C1AF1A8403CB53F53E486D8511DAD8A04887E5B23522CD470243453A299FA9E77237716103ABC11A1DF38855ED6F2EE187E9C582BA6

Mine output is

32511e82d56dcea68eb774094e25bab0f8bdd9bc1eca1ceeda38c7a43aceddce

The expected output on bitcoin.it is

600FFE422B4E00731A59557A5CCA46CC183944191006324A447BDB2D98D4B408

Do I miss anything?


texts: Transaction with highest fee, but stuck, what did I do wrong?

texts:
I recently sent btc that appears to be stuck (https://live.blockcypher.com/btc/tx/c131d65d933e343f852021830b833123de952c1857f264503388cf642655c457/)

The interesting thing is that I used a higher fee (4.5 sat/byte) which was the highest fee that Electrum's slider would support. I also notice that there are only two transactions in this block. Did I screw up? Is there any way that I can fix this?

Edit: Electrum says that I am only 0.12 MB from tip, however it has hovered around there without moving and sometimes increasing in size.


texts:
I have a Ledger Nano S wallet with some cryptocurrencies init such as bitcoin.

I tried to update this wallet. But after that, I can not see my cryptos on the wallet. I used 24-words phrases in order to recovery but the wallet proposed the new phrases. I reset my wallet again with these new words unfortunately now I can not find my cryptos.

Please let me know what can I do?


texts:
Does anybody know what is going on with transactions that have a delay of 3 to 4 days for arrival to its destination address? I sent some bitcoins to Coinable from my Desktop wallet but it has not yet been confirmed. Please let me know if anybody knows anything.

Thank you.


texts:
I'm trying to calculate the hash of transactions in bitcoin blocks, but I'm not getting the right answers.

For example, the genesis block has a single transaction.

Here's how I'm attempting to calculate its hash...

Transactions are encoded as:

a 32 bit 'nVersion'
a list of input transactions, vin
a list of output transactions, vout
a 32 bit 'nLockTime'

For the transaction in the genesis block, these are:

nVersion: 01000000
inputs

count: 01
1st input:

prevout_hash: 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
prevout_n: ffffffff
scriptSig: 4d:04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73
sequence: ffffffff

outputs

count: 01
1st output:

value: 00f2052a01000000 (hex(50*10^8) is 0000012a05f200, and bitcoin puts the bytes in reverse order)
scriptPubKey: 43:4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac

nLockTime: 00000000

If I string all those together end to end, I get 204 bytes: 01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000

Taking the sha256 hash of this gives 27362e66e032c731c1c8519f43063fe0e5d070db1c0c3552bb04afa18a31c6bf.

Taking the sha256 hash of that hash gives 3ba3edfd7a7b12b27ac72c3e67768f617fc81bc3888a51323a9fb8aa4b1e5e4a.

But the real transaction hash according to blockexplorer.com is 4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b.

What am I doing wrong?  How can I get to the correct transaction hash?

Here's my working in Python:

>>> import Crypto.Hash.SHA256 as hash, binascii
>>> tx = '01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff4d04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73ffffffff0100f2052a01000000434104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac00000000'
>>> len(binascii.unhexlify(tx))
204
>>> hash.new(binascii.unhexlify(tx)).digest().encode('hex_codec')
'27362e66e032c731c1c8519f43063fe0e5d070db1c0c3552bb04afa18a31c6bf'
>>> hash.new(hash.new(binascii.unhexlify(tx)).digest()).digest().encode('hex_codec')
'3ba3edfd7a7b12b27ac72c3e67768f617fc81bc3888a51323a9fb8aa4b1e5e4a'


texts: bitcoind bulk import private keys to different wallets and update with one rescan

texts:
I was wondering if someone already has this thoughts or problems:

I generate bitcoin addresses and private keys by a script - to not depend on the bitcoin daemon and manage them in a database. By generating the bitcoin addresses, I generate one address and also select a wallet name by some criterias.

BITCOIN ADDRESS | PRIVATE KEY | WALLETNAME

After a specific time i want to import the private keys to the given wallets ("WALLET NAMES") (to the wallets defined in the database before.)

I do this import with importprivkey without a rescan. I was wondering if it's possible to import the private keys to the wallets and to rescan one time and update all wallets with this one rescan to avoid for every wallet a explicit rescans each one and a half hour time.

Is it possible to import the private keys rescan=false and after this to run bitcoind with all wallets loaded and do the rescan which should be affecting all the wallets and update all of them in one rescan?

Has anyone thought about this before and has a solution for this?


texts:
Why, when I using Kucoin API, get_tick, for market info, I see, that sell is bigger buy?

Example from oficcial  API Documentation:
With a symbol param

{
    "coinType": "KCS",
    "trading": true,
    "lastDealPrice": 5040,
    "buy": 5000,
    "sell": 5040,
    "coinTypePair": "BTC",
    "sort": 0,
    "feeRate": 0.001,
    "volValue": 308140577,
    "high": 6890,
    "datetime": 1506050394000,
    "vol": 5028739175025,
    "low": 5040,
    "changeRate": -0.2642
}


texts: Can a 2 of 3 multisig transaction signature be revoked before it gets confirmed by the miners?

texts:
The reason I'm asking is because I want to know if 2-of-3 can be used by two parties as a way for one party to pre-commit to purchasing something before they actually do. For example, suppose Alice is selling her old car for 2 BTC, and Bob has said over the phone that he'd like to buy it. When Bob shows up and pays, naturally Alice wants to wait for at least 1 confirmation just to make sure Bob's not pulling a fast one on her and trying to double-spend the coins back to himself.

It's inconvenient to have Bob wait around for 10 minutes (and possibly an hour or more if mining luck is really low, or if Alice wants more than 1 confirm). So instead Alice creates a multisig address that Bob sends money to, and the transaction to the multisig addresses gets 1+ confirmations before he shows up, then Alice signs it. Once Bob arrives to inspect the car, possibly changing his mind but otherwise deciding to go through with it, he broadcasts his signature and drives away.

Does Alice need to wait for 1+ confirmations of Bob's signature to be sure she'll get the funds before letting him leave? She may want to verify that blockchain.info sees the transaction just to make sure it has been broadcast (as Bob's phone or whatever might be conveniently offline when he 'broadcasts' his signature), but having done that, is there any danger left?


texts:
I've started to mine some Primecoin on a couple of spare VPS's, and it's turning out to be profitable. I'm also mining a bit on my laptop when I'm not using it (e.g. during lunch break).

Will mining wear down (or have any other adverse effects on) the CPU over time? Does the number of cores used during mining (I'm using 2/4) affect this at all?


texts: A question about transaction broadcasting and block creation

texts:
Let's say we have transaction X and transaction Y. The timestamp of X is chronologically earlier than that of Y. X's spender broadcasts X to the network and the same goes for Y's spender.

Let's say that miners receive Y first and they add it to the next block, which reaches the max number of stored transactions. Will X be included to the block after this one? Will it be discarded?

If X will be included to the block after this one, isn't it a problem that it happened before Y?

Thanks in advance for your answers!


texts: I created my own crypto coin. Do I have to keep my node running all the time?

texts:
I created my own crypto coin.  I have two questions:

Do I have to keep my node running all the time?
Is it better to have more than one node running?


texts:
I need to connect to a network of global crypto-exchanges and shares their order books (DSO Liquidity Solution) so ensures that right from the very start my client exchange software will have a full and healthy order book, allowing users to buy and sell against all other users on the DSO network.

can anyone suggest me a DSO API or any other Liquidity Solution with a fair price and good documentation?

Thanks


texts: blockchain unconfirmed and unspent output

texts:
sent btc to a miner for a mining contract, but while i was sending the btc, they timed out the offer.   Now my btc are sitting in limbo, pending transaction, unconfirmed and unspent.
4167a51abe68851d04733204ed069755224555075b72a89a70feccb2ad032efc

Any solution other than hope for blockchain to return it to my account?


texts: What is the estimated USD fee price in BTC when Bitcoin is worth 1 million dollars in the future?

texts: Currently, fees in Bitcoin are quite high ($1-$30) to move anything under $50 USD. If Bitcoin is worth 1 million dollars one day, how much would an on-chain fee be? Assuming blocks are going to be full of course. Will there ever be a block size increase to solve this scalability problem? Supposedly, lightning network solves it, but fees there would also be high, no? What are some proposed solutions to this problem that work on Bitcoin layer 1?


texts: What are the pitfalls of repurposing the nLocktime field for backward compatability in eltoo?

texts:
In the eltoo proposal for paymentchannel management with less overhead proposed by Christian Decker et al. the update transactions need to be ordered. In chapter 4.1.2 of the proposal it is described for the sake of being backwards compatible that the nLocktime field can be repurposed within the update transactions.

Are there any other pitfalls of this solution besides the fact that it seams a little bit hacky?


texts: Fee too high because of a bug in Bitkey application for Apple?

texts:
I am new here, hello, yesterday evening I sold 0,99930000 Bitcoins with my Bitkey app. But I was very suprised when it went wrong, and it was seen as a minersfee which Haobtc mining as intermediar transferred it. Please help me Haobtc would not help me.

Thanks Edwin

The transaction details are here.
(304f8e03294ba3dbf0cb66ca9dc5f0a2ae99fff4f880ef252c08ed8e75f877de   0.99927577 BTC 454,889 2017-02-26 21:51:03
1HXfAYqpNnawryLgdare836GFJS9KMLa3f 0.99930000
1DouiKSPh4jqaK5YKeHmMEuKkGkvERcvjx 0.00002423)


texts: How Bitcoin Core calculate extended private masterkey from hdseed

texts:
I am testing a Bitcoin application, and to test the signing of transactions I use regtest with Bitcoin Core. But I have some problems, the first I have already published in a question that I still have no convenient answer.

But the problem generated by this new question is:

If a Bitcoin Core wallet can be saved and loaded with just the hdseed, then the extended private masterkey is calculated from it. Then, how Bitcoin Core calculate that?

Thanks in advance


texts: Is it considered safe to create a wallet on blockchain.info?

texts:
I created a wallet on blockchain.info.

Why is blockchain.info is not listed on "Choose your Bitcoin wallet"? Is the blockchain.info wallet considered safe?


texts: My bitcoin hasn't been received for good 10days now

texts:
I have sent my first Transaction from a bitcoin machine and waiting for it to arrive at another address but when i click on the Transaction ID of the addresses is Unspent? It only required 3 Confirmations but is now 115? Where is my bitcoin and how do i receive it?
15AwkRrfooSwFiegrVvMk8HaGwE8h83Kk1


texts: What BIP32 derivation path does Electrum use?

texts:
Electrum 2.0 and up uses BIP0032 internally. I want to write code that generates the same addresses. I can't find any information about this online.

What BIP32 paths does it use to generate addresses?


texts:
After I install the bitcoin client, what are the risks of browsing the Internet? Can my wallet be stolen?

Are there any known viruses/websites etc....?


texts: How can i consult my transaction history via Bitcoind/JsonRPCClient?

texts:
If you go to your Bitcoin-qt wallet, there is a list of all the transactions you have ever made, you can even see the transactions detals.

Well, i cant find the way to get from bitcoind that same list. I want to know the transaction id of every transaction ever made in my wallet, there should be a way to get it since Bitcoin-qt has that list. Anyone knows?

Thank you!


texts: Automating service with income from VISA and expenses in Bitcoins

texts:
Open-org.com is building an online service, which will have income coming from VISA cards, and will pay expenses in Bitcoins. We expect to make something like 100 transactions per day from credit cards to Bitcoins. I would like to know what the cheapest service would be for doing this fully automatically. What I mean is the cheapest service or combination of services with APIs so we can automate the whole process. I am particularly concerned with complexity (and delays) if we would need to transfer the money from the provider, which enables us to accept VISA payments, to my bank account. Then send the money to MtGox, get it exchanged and then get the Bitcoins sent off. The steps involved just in the last part, Bank Account to Bitcoins, would be quite work intensive if done on a daily basis. It would involve the following steps: 1) Access internet bank and transfer to exchange (5 minutes). 2) Access exchange and transfer and create several buy orders over some period of time to get a good price (5 minutes to 30 minutes). 3) Transfer Bitcoins to 100+ recipients (5 minutes to 30 minutes depending on interface). 4) Make accounting of transfers.

Btw. this is not a "buy bitcoins" service, so I do not believe I will get in the kind of trouble that "buy bitcoins" services got into with regards to fraud. Anyways, that is a different question.

I should mention, that I am not interested in services that take something like 5% for doing these things.

The service should accept international VISA cards.


texts: mysql instead of leveldb for bitcoin core

texts: Is it possible to use db other than leveldb for bitcoin core? I'd like to make queries on running node and make views with decoded data


texts: What is the purpose of submit header relative to submit block?

texts:
I understand what the usage is for submit block, but submit header exists in the RPC API reference.  Is that a legacy function?  Or can it still be used?
Thanks


texts: Why do LedgerJS and Electrum, using the same Nano S and derivation path, not refer to the same Wallet?

texts:
I start Electrum in my cmdline like this:

./Electrum --testnet

I connect Ledger Nano S to my laptop.
In Electrum I make a new HD Wallet with Derivation path using the Nano S's private key as seed:

"m/49'/1'/0'"

In NodeJS (LedgerJS library) I write this code, using the exact same derivation path, also using the Nano S private key as seed:

const transport = await TransportNodeHid.create();
const btc = new AppBtc(transport);
const result = await btc.getWalletPublicKey("m/49'/1'/0'");
console.log(result.getWalletPublicKey())

Now, since the TransportNodeHid connects to my Ledger Nano S, I expect that the AppBtc object generates a HD Wallet with the exact same seed, and therefore the derivation path

"m/49'/1'/0'"

should give me the exact same Wallet Master Public key and receiving Bitcoin address right?

However, in Electrum:

Master Public Key: upub5EorGi4nr15AW.....
Receiving Address: 2NEYbAH7x6sXU2bS....

and in my NodeJS application, using getWalletPublicKey():

{
    publicKey:'049bd7786109d5bed56.....',
    bitcoinAddress: 'mtCKwjnNzNZr.....',
    chainCode:'c511f1afedb628fdb93299747604b...'
}

Now, I figured out that the publicKey and chainCode that the NodeJS code returns can be combined somehow to create the Master Public Key. However, the bitcoinAddress property should be the address associated with my HD wallet right? It's different from the receiving address in the Electrum app, but it should still be a receiving address.

However I already tried sending 0.0001 BTC to it with Testnet but it never arrived in my Electrum Wallet. So does this mean that this address is not associated with my Electrum Wallet? Even though I gave the exact same Derivation Path and used the exact same seed (hardware device Ledger Nano S)?

How can I "get" more receiving Address from my HD Wallet using the LedgerJS library?

I have checked LedgerJS documentation and examples, but I wouldn't go so far as to call it "documentation", because most functionality is barely explained and examples are virtually non-existent. There's a lot of guesswork involved in how exactly everything works.

https://github.com/LedgerHQ/ledgerjs/tree/master/packages/hw-app-btc#getwalletpublickey

http://ledgerhq.github.io/ledgerjs/docs


texts: Given a block, is there a list of all hashes for all possible 2^32 nonce values?

texts:
I am working in a computational research lab, and we're taking a look at Bitcoin. I'm trying to develop a simulation of Bitcoin mining for a nonexistent computer architecture.

I want to simulate the mining of a single block (say... the Satoshi block) without actually doing the work. To my understanding, each block in the chain has the winning nonce that enabled the miner to mine the block, but I also want to enumerate:

all of the losing hashes
other potential winners that could have worked

Part of our simulation is the mathematics of our simulation (and the hypothetical architecture) could operate on all possible hashes at once.

A 256 bit hash for all 2^32 nonce values[1] of a block is only 2^(8+32) bits, or about 137.4 gigabytes.

I know this sounds like a silly question, but is there some place to download all 137.4 gigabytes of hashes for the Satoshi block or some other block? Otherwise, what is the best way to generate them? Can I pick up an old ASIC miner and have it write every single hash to a hard drive?

Footnotes:

[1] I know that there are extra sources of variation in the transaction list, coinbase nonce, timestamp, etc., but we are currently limiting the scope of our simulation to just the original nonce while keeping everything else constant.


texts:
I am new Bitcoin cash wallet development :
--I want to create or sync with existing bitcoin cash testnet for my testing but don't find a way.
--If available testnet insight for bitcoin cash.

Kindly suggest how can i achieve this. Any Help is appreciated


texts: Now 5 days ago, I initiated a transfer from my Bittrex account to Binance, using Binance's ID code snip and the receiving Address code snip. The coin was immediately removed from my Bittrex a/c but is yet to appear in my newly created Binance a/c. Worse yet, after five postings to Binance Support, I am yet to receive any human reply regarding the missing deposit, only the auto-generated robo responses when the support ticket is submitted. I'm about ready to contact a legal authority about Binance, but I believe it may be a Japanese or Chinese enterprise. Is there any "global" policing authority, such as the USA's SEC or FCC that could take actions against potential scam operations regardless of where that operation's home office might be located?


texts: What happens to a node if .bitcoin/chainstate is corrupted?

texts:
I tried to search for answers to my questions, but didn't find any, but please forgive me if this is a duplicate question.

Suppose somehow .bitcoin/chainstate gets corrupted, e.g., a UTXO is deleted. I suppose that this node will then try to reject any blocks that contains a transaction that tries to use the deleted UTXO?

Or will the node somehow detect that its chainstate has been corrupted, and rescan the blockchain? If this is the case, how would the node detect this?

Finally, suppose all of the node's chainstate was corrupted in exactly the same way, a UTXO was deleted. Then is this UTXO effectively gone, even though it remains in the blockchain.

Thank you.


texts:
I was reading an ebook, called Bitcoins: what they are and how to use them, the book says

  ... it would be a fools bet to take a promise to pay a debt in
  Bitcoins, as they will by definition, become increasingly difficult to
  obtain.

This doesn't make sense to me; just because the number of new Bitcoins being produced will decrease, that doesn't mean they will be harder to obtain, because people can still buy and sell existing bitcoin. The quoted text seem to imply that the value of bitcoin will always go up, or am I missing something?


texts: Can a Butterfly Jalapeño be used to mine dogecoin? If so, is it cost effective, compared to it's bitcoin mining cost effectiveness?


texts: How can I send thousands of small amounts (10'000 sat.) to bitcoin wallets without paying to much fees?

texts:
I want to make a faucet. But my problem is that I don't know how I can make my payouts. I would have a lot of little amounts (like 10'000 satoshis) to pay.
Is there an efficient way of doing thousands of those transactions without paying to much fees?

Do I have to make every transaction manually (in Python or in Java with the Blockchain API)?

Thanks for the answers.


texts: How to make a genesis block of my altercoin?

texts:
I create my new altercoin,but when I first run it,it already shows:"No block source available 5 week(s) behind".
And I start anther computer in the LAN, they link succefully.
I use the code of Datacoin.

static const uint256 hashGenesisBlockOfficial("f9f6d9a689f7a4093c71f397d8fe3fbef3a05cd6f919d51b4a9447aa22743dfb");
static const uint256 hashGenesisBlockTestNet("f9f6d9a689f7a4093c71f397d8fe3fbef3a05cd6f919d51b4a9447aa22743dfb");

  // Genesis block
        qDebug()<<"Genesis block";
        const char* pszStartTopic = "The Times 26/Dec/2013 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks";//https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=325735.0";
        CTransaction txNew;
        txNew.vin.resize(1);
        txNew.vout.resize(1);
        txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << 0 << CBigNum(999) << vector<unsigned char>((const unsigned char*)pszStartTopic, (const unsigned char*)pszStartTopic + strlen(pszStartTopic));
        txNew.vout[0].nValue = COIN;
        txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript();
        CBlock block;
        block.vtx.push_back(txNew);
        block.hashPrevBlock = 0;
        block.hashMerkleRoot = block.BuildMerkleTree();
        block.nTime    = 1387977869 ;//http://www.unixtimestamp.com/index.php
        block.nBits    = TargetFromInt(6);
        block.nNonce   = 49030125;
        block.bnPrimeChainMultiplier = (uint64) 5651310;

        if (fTestNet)
        {
            block.nTime    = 1387977869 ;
            block.nBits    = TargetFromInt(4);
            block.nNonce   = 46032;
            block.bnPrimeChainMultiplier = (uint64) 211890;
        }

        //// debug print
        uint256 hash = block.GetHash();
        printf("%s\n", hash.ToString().c_str());

        qDebug()<<"hash:"<<hash.ToString().c_str();
        printf("%s\n", hashGenesisBlock.ToString().c_str());
        qDebug()<<"hashGenesisBlock:"<<hashGenesisBlock.ToString().c_str();
        printf("%s\n", block.hashMerkleRoot.ToString().c_str());
         qDebug()<<"block.hashMerkleRoot:"<<block.hashMerkleRoot.ToString().c_str();
        assert(block.hashMerkleRoot == uint256("a0c44c1b6dd50fcaa2bc1c4d7f8ca406506caee88578d751fb3824b41bc34d84"));
        block.print();

        assert(hash == hashGenesisBlock);
        {
            CValidationState state;
            assert(block.CheckBlock(state, true, true));
            assert(CheckProofOfWork(block.GetHeaderHash(), block.nBits, block.bnPrimeChainMultiplier, block.nPrimeChainType, block.nPrimeChainLength));
        }

Failed at assert(CheckProofOfWork(block.GetHeaderHash(), block.nBits, block.bnPrimeChainMultiplier, block.nPrimeChainType, block.nPrimeChainLength));.
And the debug.log says:

    CBlock(hash=f9f6d9a689f7a4093c71f397d8fe3fbef3a05cd6f919d51b4a9447aa22743dfb, hashBlockHeader=7d6aeeb7ca2b87d2f48bbd7a675c8374691c4f44f0db1a10de66436bfbcb0188, ver=2, hashPrevBlock=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=a0c44c1b6dd50fcaa2bc1c4d7f8ca406506caee88578d751fb3824b41bc34d84, nTime=1387977869, nBits=06000000, nNonce=49030125, vtx=1)
      CTransaction(hash=a0c44c1b6dd50fcaa2bc1c4d7f8ca406506caee88578d751fb3824b41bc34d84, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0, data.size=0)
        CTxIn(COutPoint(0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, 4294967295), coinbase 0002e703455468652054696d65732032362f4465632f32303133204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)
        CTxOut(error)
ERROR: CheckPrimeProofOfWork() : block header hash under limit
ERROR: CheckProofOfWork() : check failed for prime proof-of-work

Anything else can I change to make the genesis block work?


texts: Is eltoo more memory efficient for watchtowers?

texts: I vaguely remember a paper which stated that in their current implementation, lightning watchtowers require a lot of memory because they need to store information about (a penalty TX for) every balance change that happens on a channel they watch. And that eltoo would be more memory-efficient because it only requires storing information pertaining to the latest respective state. However, when talking about this in a large group of bitcoiners, there was no consensus about this. Does anyone know whether this is actually the case? Does a watchtower really need to store info about every channel balance change?


texts: Why does Crypto Street have backwards pairs?

texts: I'm looking at the crypto street home page and the pairs are backwards when compared to other exchanges. It doesn't appear to be a mistake because the prices are inverted compared to other exchanges - it just seems odd.


texts:
This is the first pool I have configured so forgive my n00bness.
https://github.com/MPOS/php-mpos/wiki/Quick-Start-Guide
I completed the guide and everything appears to fire up correctly though when a client connects, he only receives rejections.

What step am I missing?
I have a suspicion that being on a 'test network' vs the Litecoin network via the 'how to' is a little suspicious, but I am new to the software and not sure how it works yet.

http://bpaste.net/show/z0oOnziLKekXmuW7pEKy/

I have no firewall

http://bpaste.net/show/jssOUYVrMP3ckdaZomfq/

asterisk1 home # ./minerd -o stratum+tcp://domain.com:19334 -O my.my:pass -t 1
[2014-01-26 19:42:40] Starting Stratum on stratum+tcp://digitaldriller.com:19334
[2014-01-26 19:42:40] 1 miner threads started, using 'scrypt' algorithm.
[2014-01-26 19:42:40] stratum_recv_line failed
[2014-01-26 19:42:40] ...retry after 30 seconds
^C
asterisk1 home # ./minerd -o stratum+tcp://domain.com:3333 -O my.my:pass -t 1
[2014-01-26 19:43:21] Starting Stratum on stratum+tcp://digitaldriller.com:3333
[2014-01-26 19:43:21] 1 miner threads started, using 'scrypt' algorithm.
[2014-01-26 19:43:21] Stratum connection failed: Failed connect to digitaldriller.com:3333; Connection refused
[2014-01-26 19:43:21] ...retry after 30 seconds

or at best  http://i.imgur.com/xEl0qVs.png


texts: I am using GUI miner to mine on Slush's Pool.  I have connected with my miner and everything is connected.  I have even had a share accepted.  But it says my worker is offline.  Why is this?


texts: Why does bitstamp have two addresses for Ripple?

texts:
The bitstamp address "to trust" is rvYAfWj5gh67oV6fW32ZzP3Aw4Eubs59B, however when you withdraw money, it you get it from rrpNnNLKrartuEqfJGpqyDwPj1AFPg9vn1 instead. Why?

With weexchange I got the money from the same address I trusted.


texts: How to distinguish between change and actual sent amount looking at transaction data

texts:
I am building analytics starting from blockchain raw data (blk**.dat files).

I have read in the bitcoin wiki that once the inputs have been chosen for a transaction, they must be all used: so a change is generated back to the original sender (via the same address or a different change one, depending on the client configuration).

While building analytics, I would like to exclude these outputs from any kind of metric, since they let the coin work but do not represent any intelligence at all.

Is there a way to looking at the outputs of a transaction and split them into meaningful sent amounts and change?


texts: Bitcoins sent and confirmed by blockchain. But hasn’t been recieved

texts:
https://btc.com/57d2819220862abf8a54f4912f3f973f0041cf8c3d64e229ff6248417cad0e73
I have sent money from cryperium. They have confirmed that the money has been sent. But i havent recieved the money at the source. Please help


texts: Have there been any notable promotional campaigns for the Bitcoin project or some of the major Bitcoin-relatd websites?


texts:
As you might know Craig W.(rong) is currently trying to «get» ownership over the BTC Whitepaper. I know this venture might seem ridiculous and harmless, but I believe it can be dangerous because of it's populistic nature. Alongside with the possible lack of understanding and/or caring of legal institutions it might have a considerable damaging effect. This is why I try to understand some more:

As I understand it the Software has been published under an MIT public license - Doesn't this affect the copyright situation of the Whitepaper as well?
The Original Whitepaper lists «Bitcoin.org» on it's first page - Doesn't this mean who ever runs this domain, owns the copyright alongside with »Satoshi Nakamoto« (if there is a copyright at all)?
Why does C.W. pursues his claims in England?
Doesn't mean the fact that the Whitepaper was published online and for free under a Pseudonym, that whoever published it, clearly has no intention of any copyright claim?
Do Satoshis E-Mails contain any clue about his/her/their intentions regarding the whitepaper?

I am aware these are a lot of questions and I will research them myself as well, but maybe someone has an answer to one or more of them at hand.
Thank you in advance!


texts: Difference between originator of transaction and owner of the source fund

texts:
Here is an excerpt from Andreas Antonopoulos, Mastering Bitcoin, Chapter 5 (Transaction), sub chapter(Creating Transactions):

My question is what's the difference between the originator of transaction and owner of the source fund?
Who actually signed the transaction? For example, if Alice pay to Bob 0.1BTC, is that transaction signed by Alice?


texts: Deterministic - BIP32 Derivation Gap Limit

texts:
I'm creating many derived addresses from a xprv (HD private key).

I've been reading about the gap limit problem. The gap limit is 20 addresses ahead.

How do I get my wallet to detect funds, in addresses, that have surpassed the gap limit?

i.e. m/100 derived address transactions would not get detected, until the gap limit is filled. Are there any tricks to get around this?

If not, I plan to bulk import corresponding WIF keys for each address. Do people recommend doing this?

Ideally I would like everything controllable via 1 master key.


texts: What does "deal with collisions" mean in the context of BIP32 fingerprints?

texts:
As I could read on BIP 32, we can generate HD Wallets using all the rules defined by Pieter Wuille, but I came across a sentence that was written in the document and I could not fully understand.

  Note that the fingerprint of the parent only serves as a fast way to detect parent and child nodes in software, and software must be willing to deal with collisions. Internally, the full 160-bit identifier could be used.

What does it mean deal with collisions?


texts:
First going the easy way, I would use any online calculator but most of these mining calculators require the hash rate of my device. I am unable to find a suitable answer or a guide to easily compute this value for any device given its configurations. Will that be possible?

Scenario:

When I go to these online calculator sites, they again cross question me about the hash rate/ hashing power. I need to determine this value and feed in to these sites so that I can get the desired result. (e.g. cryptocompare.com). I want to know whether it is easy to calculate these values with some information about your machine like the processor, GPUs and all, how much time I am gonna run it. I know the calculator sites need the power input of the device.