texts: Does the creator of BitCoin hold a 'master' private key?

texts:
If the creator of BitCoin, whoever he/she is, was the one that started the block-chain and with every cryptographic operation deriving from that initial key, would the network be under the complete control of the creator? The only way I could see this not being the case if the key was disseminated into the network, but I am unsure if that is the case.
If the key is control over the block-chain and if the key generator still holds the key, then regardless of the fact that it is decentralized in operation, it is still centralized in control, like a bank.

Any thoughts?

Update:

I guess I'm really asking basically is whether the creator had/has any advantage in the network (i.e reversing transactions, creating new coins). I mean unless he specifically programmed the network not to be under his control, it would be right? I mean he IS the creator of the network and unless we have proof (source code inspection?) that the network has been 'turned over' so to speak to the users, we cannot guarantee safety can we?


texts: Where change the size of the window in Bitcoin code?

texts: I already try changeing the height and width parameters of the forms in src/qt/forms but nothing changes, where else i need to look?


texts: What's an example of an ExtraNonce2 value that would be considered invalid?

texts: I've been learning about mining as part of a pool and using the Stratum protocol to submit completed work back to a pool -- https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Stratum_mining_protocol .  There is this parameter, "ExtraNonce2," a value that the miner keeps changing.  Could someone tell me a scenario where a pool worker submits a nonce that correctly hashes the data it was given according to the difficulty, but it submits an "ExtraNonce2" value that causes the mining pool to reject the submission?


texts: How to get my unconfirmed transaction to confirm. Stuck for 30 days

texts:
My coins were sent with low fees by bitclub advantage. Due to this, the transaction is marked on blockchain as 'unconfirmed transaction'. I have tried to get the sender to reverse the transaction or increase fees and they do not respond.
I am not a technical person and only a mere investor. I have seen a lot of explanation and even approached support@viabtc.com for help but nothing has been done yet.
How can I confirm the transaction. I am willing to pay higher fees to unstuck the transaction.
Question is: Someone explain to a sister like a 5 year old how I can have my coins in my wallet. I need someone to hold my hands and get my hard earned coins.

Thanks


texts: Bitcoind When sending a payment how can I know how many inputs and outputs there are?

texts:
We're using bitcoind on our server.

When people withdraw from our system we want to have the correct miner fee.

I understand that we can get the good miner fee from txconfirmtarget or the API from: https://bitcoinfees.21.co/api

But when we send a transaction how do we know which miner fee to put if we want to enter it into the database?

EDIT:
I do notice this: bitcoin-cli estimatefee 2 but then how do we find out how many bytes are being sent?


texts: API for large number of queries to different addresses every few minutes

texts:
I have an application that needs to makes queries to get address balances and transaction data from Bitcoin.
What are some possible solutions to this? It would be great if I didn't have to manage a full node if possible.


texts: Bitcoin client downloads blocks from different peers

texts: When a bitcoin client downloads blocks from different peers, how does it determine the number of blocks to download from which peer?


texts: Where are the user's bitcoins actually stored?

texts:
On the person's computer?

On bitcoin.org? :)

Where does that information reside that tells others and me how much bitcoins I have?

I assume it can't be on my PC because I could easily hack the file that contains that data and get myself more bitcoins, right?


texts: Why are Sphinx forward messages not used in Lightning's onion packets?

texts:
It is useful to send some additional information with a payment in LN. For example, spontaneous payments in LND send a payment_preimage to the destination of a payment. LND uses a non-trivial EOB format to try and encode this information into the hops_data. The hops_data must be a fixed size to prevent intermediary nodes knowing where they are in a route, which limits the size of information which can be forwarded.

The Sphinx protocol on which LN's onion routing is based already supports forwarding encrypted messages as a separate field. The notation (M,δ) is used for an onion message, where the M corresponds to the onion_packet format in BOLT4. δ is the encrypted payload, which can be of arbitrary size, and is not used.

Would it not make more sense to utilize this message forwarding rather than trying to overcomplicate the protocol with the EOB format, which gains us a trivial number of bytes?

I can see that arbitrary size may be an issue for an attacker monitoring traffic flows. Perhaps δ can be made a fixed size and padded such that each update_add_htlc_with_payload remains a fixed size. We could potentially transfer larger and more useful information to the destination (in particular, I would like to be able to embed a refund invoice in the payment).

Are there any other issues with forwarding a separate encrypted payload which I'm unaware of?


texts: Loyalty programs for Bitcoin transactions

texts: Since it is possible to track the transactions in Bitcoin, is it possible to devise loyalty schemes?


texts: how do you get your computer not to run out of memory with the system syncing

texts: after choosing a wallet Bitcoin core, they have a 7 years system sync which i am a first time user.  I didn't know that and money was sent to the account.  I can't access the money.  It is not showing up.  Back to the issue besides where is my money.  My computer can't upload all the syncing because it is running out of memory.  I backed up my computer erased most of the backup and still don't have enough memory.  so someone please tell my way your app takes up and over my whole computer.  Please get this to work as i am not a tech person or anything but i am extremely disappointed with the tech side trying to help.


texts: Differences/similarities of "Bitcoin script" and "Ethereum smart contract"?

texts:
Can we compare Bitcoin script and Ethereum smart contract ?

And if yes,

What are differences/similarities of Bitcoin script and Ethereum smart contract in sense of functionality, architecture and how to interact with blockchain?

Does Bitcoin script run on-chain (similar to Ethereum smart contracts) or they run off-chain?


texts: Dumping private keys from wallet.dat from command line (pywallet.py alternatives)

texts:
I have somewhere in my hard disks some copies of old wallets which I need to analyse.

My idea was importing them into blockchain.info, but to do that apparently you need to dump them with pywallet.py, which is one of the worst pieces of software I've recently put my hands on.

Is there an alternative?

I.e. either one software which given (via command line) the full path of the file, will dump something that blockchain.info can import, or something that at least given a wallet (again, full path via command line) will dump all the private keys.

PS: this has to work for encrypted wallets too, asking the password either at runtime (would be better) or at the command line.


texts: What would be the implications of limiting Bitcoin transactions to fifty inputs?

texts:
One of the issues of increasing the blocksize is the possibility of creating attackblocks which would take significantly longer to parse than the common block. The mechanism to do so is by creating a transaction that fills the complete block exploiting the quadratic cost of verifying input scripts.

Bitcoin Classic proposed to limit the number of sigops per block. It seems to me that limiting the number of inputs to be used in one transaction would incentivize reduction of a wallet's UTXO footprint.

Has limiting the number of inputs been discussed as a potential solution? What would be the upsides and downsides of such a change?


texts: Why is a blockchain often compared to a linked list?

texts:
I often hear people say that a blockchain is essentially a linked list (i.e. https://www.quora.com/Is-a-blockchain-essentially-a-linked-list)

A block stores the hash of the previous block for validation/consensus. This is similar to how a node in a linked list references the address of the previous node, but it's not quite the same.

In a block, the previous hash is stored by value, not by reference, so you can't really access the previous node by traversing the chain. Whereas in a linked list, you store the address which is a reference to the previous node. You can access any block in constant time where as in a linked list, it's linear time.

On top of this, many implementation that I've seen of a blockchain is an array/slice of blocks. I tried briefly looking at bitcoin's source code (disclaimer: I don't know C++). It looks like the implementation of the chain of blocks in memory uses std::vector which is basically a dynamic array.

Isn't a blockchain more similar to an array than it is to a linked list?


texts: Doubt regarding hashing function in Merkle trees

texts:
From what I read, say in a block, there are 4 transactions. The hash value of transactions A and B are combined together to get the hash AB. Same goes for transactions C and D to get hash CD. Later AB and CD are combined together to get the penultimate hash which together with the nonce gives the final hash. This merkle tree structure is provided so that one can go back retracing to the roots (i.e to the initial transactions) to verify them, right?

But what I understand is that hash functions are one way, so it shouldn't be possible for one to go back to the input value by reverse hashing the hash. If that be the case, how does the merkle tree allow one to retrace back and verify transactions?


texts: Do Miners have to get below the Target or the Bits value?

texts:
You get a specific Target value when you divide the maximum Target by the Difficulty.

But when you convert the Target in to the Bits format, you're only taking the first 3 bytes of the Target and losing some accuracy.

For example:

Difficulty: 166851513282.78

Original Target: 0x696f3ffffffe0c000000000000000000000000000000000
Target -> Bits: 0x180696f4
Bits -> Target:  0x696f4000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

So when a Miner is trying to get a low enough hash value for the block, are they trying to get below the Bits value or the Target value?


texts: Unclear on double-hashing previous Transaction when creating a new Transaction

texts:
I'm having trouble performing the double-sha256 hash of the previous transaction, Step 3 in this explanation.

The previous transaction is:

084fb53458bda42cf906dc2608fe962667188849e51e1dc13cd291cc13c97290

I've input the full transaction I want to perform into coinb.in as shown here, giving me a full transaction of:

01000000019072c913cc91d23cc11d1ee5498818672696fe0826dc06f92ca4bd5834b54f08010000001976a91460077bce1849cc2a41e2ccaa6ec575b3f5b70a9d88acffffffff0120a107000000000017a9144574085e1ef5432a6b09218f3b6ab6128f8eb2a58700000000

From what I understand, the double-sha256 of the previous tx here is:

9072c913cc91d23cc11d1ee5498818672696fe0826dc06f92ca4bd5834b54f08

However when I perform sha256 twice I get something completely different.

Example

Previous transaction:

084fb53458bda42cf906dc2608fe962667188849e51e1dc13cd291cc13c97290

Round one sha256 (with hex as input using anyhash.com):

9bbbb52bff2c553f84942188c87674c5b641b266baeb7ca216bebec8cd6a95bb

Round two sha256 (hex input also):

e5a3d32d306ef94968e0f77e6b0b496bfe9d5cd0fe6246a4ba7fd2fddf11cdf1

This final value does not match the one given by coinb.in's transaction. Am I missing something here? I see that the other question mentions the transaction in reverse order, what exactly does this mean?


texts: What benefits does Tau-Chain add over conventional solutions?

texts: I'm currently doing some research on Tau-Chain and its various claims. One of the biggest ways it tries to differentiate itself looks to be the focus on decidable programming languages, instead of turing-completeness. However, I can't seem to find any straightforward example of what practical benefits does that add over the conventional solutions.


texts: Why the same confirmed transaction in the Testnet has different block hash and other fields?

texts:
Chain.com
http://explorer.chain.com/transactions/a4bfb8e21ae3d6232183dfb8ef5fcee8c9b8f223c2d25738e24765a75abd009b

Chain.so
https://chain.so/tx/BTCTEST/a4bfb8e21ae3d6232183dfb8ef5fcee8c9b8f223c2d25738e24765a75abd009b

hash of the transaction
a4bfb8e21ae3d6232183dfb8ef5fcee8c9b8f223c2d25738e24765a75abd009b


texts:
So there are hundreds of live and even thriving altcoins today. They are all basically a clone of Bitcoin and operate basically the same.

But when you run the mining client for any given coin, how does it know which coin to work on? How does the software know to connect to Litecoin and not Dogecoin, or some other scrypt coin? I realize that when you mine you download the whole blockchain and work on it locally, then when you solve the proof of work for the next block you broadcast it to the network, but this doesn't seem like enough. How do the blocks stay with their respective coins?


texts:
As I understand, the safest way to keep your bitcoins is to have them in cold storage.

After reading a few articles I just wanted to make sure the technique I will use will allow me to pull my bitcoins out of storage whenever I want:

1) Boot up a computer using a linux live cd that is not connected to the internet
2) Transfer a copy of armory over using a USB stick
3) Generate a new wallet and 1 address. Encrypt it, and keep a paper backup of it.

I can now send all bitcoin 'savings' to the 1 address that the wallet has, and even if the computer that made the wallet is destroyed I can still recover the wallet from anywhere (even if I didn't copy the wallet file anywhere) because I have a paper backup?

As I understand it this should work?


texts: What if during transaction Ripple price drops, in this case the receiving bank will get less amount

texts: Suppose bank A wants to send 100 USD to bank B using ripple. As per other answers, time taken for this transaction ranges between 4-7 seconds. But, what if the price of ripple drops drastically during this time frame.


texts:
Atomic cross-chain trading describes a method where two parties, owning different crypto currencies, can safely exchange the crypto currencies without an intermediary. The method is described in the link below:

https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Atomic_cross-chain_trading

Are these method of exchange already possible with Bitcoin and popular alt-coins like Litecoin/Dogecoin? Or is it still a work in progress that requires changes to the core code? If atmoic cross chain trading is possible, are there any transactions in the blockchain where atomic cross chain trading has been used?


texts:
I am trying to send transaction using bitcoin-cli but I am constantly getting:

admin@XXXX:~$ bitcoin-cli sendtoaddress "XXXXXXX" 0.1 "" "" false true 5 "ECONOMICAL"
error code: -4
error message:
Fee estimation failed. Fallbackfee is disabled. Wait a few blocks or enable -fallbackfee.

I do not wish to set up fallbackfee. I want my running bitcoind to estimate the fees based on what is currently going on in the network and based on my confirmation target (5 in this case)

Any idea what is going on and how fix this? Thanks!

P.S. My blockchain is fully synced.

EDIT: after some digging, can blocksonly=1 option in my bitcoin.conf be blamed? Look at my mempool info

bitcoin-cli getmempoolinfo
{
  "size": 0,
  "bytes": 0,
  "usage": 0,
  "maxmempool": 300000000,
  "mempoolminfee": 0.00001000,
  "minrelaytxfee": 0.00001000
}

such empty :(


texts: Errors running bitcoind in the background

texts:
I have installed bitcoind on a new computer, and I use nohup to run it:

$ nohup bitcoind &

However, every now and then I see that the process does not exist, and I have to restart it using nohup.

Any idea what went wrong? Are there any logs I can check, and is there a better way to run bitcoind in the background than nohup?


texts: How can hackers cash out stolen bitcoin?

texts:
I've read about a lot of Bitcoin Heists and Thefts: from hackers that stole bitcoin from Exchange (Due to their poor security measures) or from Bitcoin users, to scam websites and so forth.

Some of these Heists and Thefts involve huge sums of Bitcoin.

So, I was wondering: how can the hackers that had done these Heists/Thefts, be able to "cash out" the stolen bitcoin?

For example, let's say that an hacker has stolen 1000 bitcoin from Bob's wallet, and he wants to sell the bitcoin for USD (With the current exchange rate: 1000 bitcoin = $445.000), so that he will be able to "enjoy" the money in his real life. But how?

1) Obfuscating the transactions:

Thanks to the Blockcahin, everyone will be able to see all the transactions from the address (Or addresses) where the 1000 stolen bitcoin are (So Bob can try to track him down). I guess that the hacker could use a mixing service, but: can he trust the mixing service? (There is the risk that the mixing service is just a scam; or that the mixing service turns into a scam, when the hacker try to launder the 1000 bitcoin and instead of launder the bitcoin, the owner of the Mixing service just steals the hacker's bitcoin). Or probably, he has already created his own "network" of bitcoin addresses, so that he can launder the stolen bitcoin by himself? (but could this be possible to set up? Or it would require too much time and efforts?).

2) Selling the bitcoin:

Then, he has to sell the bitcoin. Where? The vast majority of Bitcoin exchange require ID verification to be able to withdraw from them (Although there are few exchange that allow their clients to have unverified accounts, but they have strict limits such as 5000 USD o 10.0000 USD yearly, for example. And there is still the possibility that the exchange, being suspicious of these transactions, decides to froze the hacker's account.)

Probably he can sell the bitcoin to other people that want to buy bitcoin, on forums and so on; but wouldn't be too risky? Firstly, the hacker will have to find a lot of users that want to buy bitcoin (I don't think that he will find a user that wants to buy 1000 bitcoin on a forum); moreover, there is the risk that the hacker gets scammed by one of the buyer. Lastly, the transactions will be displayed on the blockchain, so Bob can still track him down (if the hacker hadn't used a mixing service or something similar) and try to contact the users that have bought the bitcoin, asking them information about the hacker.

Or probably the whole thing is much easier and hacker can have a bank account or a credit card (Obtained with Fake ID) that is not connected with his real identity? In this way, he could easily sell all the bitcoin that he wants to an exchanger and withdraw all the profits from the sale.

What do you think about?


texts:
I have been running raspberry PI with 4 Erupter modules connected to Pi Hub for 5 days with no problems. Yesterday I checked the modules and the idle lights were on and there was no mining. I restarted my raspberry, and now I am getting this error:

 [2014-04-10 20:23:13] Icarus Detect: Test failed at /dev/ttyUSB0: get 00000000,
 should: 000187a2
 [2014-04-10 20:23:13] Icarus Detect: Test failed at /dev/ttyUSB1: get 00000000,
 should: 000187a2
 [2014-04-10 20:23:14] Icarus Detect: Test failed at /dev/ttyUSB3: get 00000000,
 should: 000187a2

I am running the following command:

sudo ./cgminer-3.1.1/cgminer --config /home/pi/cgminer.conf -S /dev/ttyUSB0 -S /dev/ttyUSB1 -S /dev/ttyUSB2 -S /dev/ttyUSB3

If I connect and run the modules one by one there are no issues. When there are 3-4 I get errors. Those errors change each time I run it, so sometimes its 1 failing other times 2 etc. Also, I am getting this error:

[2014-04-10 20:33:04] Most likely you have input the wrong URL, forgotten to ad
d a port, or have not set up workers

Again, there have not been any changes to the configuration (that I am aware of). Any suggestions as to what might be causing this/ how to fix it?

Update

cgminer.conf

"pools" : [
        {
                "url" : "http://api.bitcoin.cz:8332",
                "user" : "worker",
                "pass" : "pass"
        }
]
,
    "api-listen" : true,
    "api-port" : "4028",
    "expiry" : "120",
    "failover-only" : true,
    "log" : "5",
    "no-pool-disable" : true,
    "queue" : "2",
    "scan-time" : "60",
    "worktime" : true,
    "shares" : "0",
    "kernel-path" : "/usr/local/bin",
    "api-allow" : "0/0",
    "icarus-options" : "115200:1:1",
    "icarus-timing" : "3.0=100"
}

Erupters run from powered hub, and rpi is also running from wall charger.


texts: Transaction with duplicate address in the output

texts:
I came across this transaction and noticed that there's duplicate address for the output part.
https://live.blockcypher.com/ltc/tx/ada86c7d6f46f712bfa04982f17ce9cd9d4c2560e3493de9c22f8b135ece6cb9/

When I tested the rpc command "createrawtransaction" to create a transaction that would send to duplicate address in the output, it gave me the error

error code: -8
error message:
Invalid parameter, duplicated address:

Which command to use if I want to send to duplicate address in the output?


texts: I have been running Bitcoin Core 0.12.1 for many months - using Ubuntu (Linux).  Decided to upgrade to SegWit version - 0.13.1 - today.  Downloaded and extracted the files (on my Ubuntu / Linux system) but can't get it to run - there is no executable file.  Can anyone help?  Many thanks, D


texts: Uses of computing power by bitcoin miners

texts:
How much of what this article says is true?  I thought I had read that bitcoin miners are the ones who maintain the blockchain.  Do they also do something other than maintaining the blockchain?  In particular, things that no one would otherwise want done?

http://gizmodo.com/the-worlds-most-powerful-computer-network-is-being-was-504503726


texts: Why can't miners meet the difficulty by picking a low number for the block hash?

texts:
In terms of 'proof of work' my novice understanding is that miners are tying to come up with a 64-digit hexadecimal number, "hash," that is less than or equal to the target hash.

Can't miners always get lower than the target has by inputting "63 zeros followed by a 1?

Beginner here, I apologize for my simplistic understanding.


texts: How does CoinJoin affect the total transaction size?

texts:
As I understand it, CoinJoin is a method to aggregate multiple transactions into a single transaction, mostly for privacy purposes.

How does this aggregation affect the total size of the transactions? I believe it contains the same number of inputs and outputs, but I wonder if the total size decreases due to reducing some overhead.
How many transactions can be aggregated? I believe there is a cap on the transaction size, which will limit the total number of inputs and outputs.
For the maximal number of inputs/outputs, what will be the total size with and without CoinJoin?
Are there additional factors which might affect the CoinJoin transaction size?


texts:
Yesterday I've sent transaction from my 2-of-4 Multi-sig wallet in Copay for Mac.
Transaction was signed by me and 1 more user.
It was broadcasted to Blockchain (As Copay says).
But when I copy TX ID and search it on Blockchain.info or Insight - i see "No transaction found" message.

For now, I cannot create new transaction from this wallet because I receive an error "Insufficient funds".

Is there any workaround for this?


texts: Can I cash out Bitcoin without proof of provenance?

texts:
I have around 25 BTC from back when Bitcoin was around 10$ or lower. At the time, a friend sent them to me and I never thought they would ever be worth much. Since that time, I've moved them around and don't think I still have any original wallet from around that time. I don't have any solid proof of the original transaction (maybe some old Skype chat log). I'm worried that if I tried to cash them out and withdraw to my bank account, I will lose all or worse.

From what I understand, if the government decides to investigate the transaction, they could seize it and put me in jail? The burden of proof is on me right? What's the best/worse case scenario? Any suggestion on how to approach this?

A general answer would be nice but to be specific, I'd be cashing out to either my USA or Canadian bank account.


texts: Does the MultiBit linux jar file run in windows?

texts: A windows system has a standalone java and is not recognized by the installer. A jar file can be run on the command line. Is the MultiBit linux jar and the windows installed one the same?


texts: Where can new cryptocurrency features be found?

texts:
I was wondering what new cryptocurrency features may be introduced.

How can I find published new cryptocurrency features?


texts: How do exchanges keep relatively similar price on coins?

texts: I know there are price difference across all exchanges but they are relatively similar.  If each exchange operated independently I would think the price of coins would be radically different since the liquidity and exchange pattern would have nothing to do with each other.  Are exchanges tied to a central index?  How do they keep a somewhat "consistent" price?


texts: How to create a double spend to prioritize a new transaction over a previous unconfirmed transaction?

texts:
I'd like to generate a double spend transaction and increase the gas fees over the previous, unconfirmed transaction that has been stuck for a week. I know there's other answers regarding double spend but I'm looking for more of a technical answer specific to my thought process and sample code.
I understand the general premise is to recreate the originating transaction in its entirety. I've started by utilizing bitcore-lib to perform a getRawTransaction of my currently stuck transaction. From here, I'm iterating over the vin and performing a getRawTransaction of the vin's txid to retrieve the parent. I'm then parsing the parent, iterating over each vout and looking for vout.n to match the previous vin.vout. Once I find a match, I'm generating a utxo which effectively looks like this:
const utxo = {
    address: output.scriptPubKey.addresses[0],
    txId: vin.txid,
    outputIndex: vin.vout,
    script: output.scriptPubKey,
    satoshis: output.value
};

I then use these utxos to generate and sign the transaction as follows (sorry for lack of full class, but the actual process of signing transactions is fully functional):
const transaction = new Bitcore.Transaction();

transaction.fee(this.fee());
transaction.from(utxos);
targets.forEach((target) => {
    transaction.to(target.address, this.amountToSatoshis(target.amount));
});
transaction.change(address);
transaction.sign(this.privateKey(privateKey));

So my questions are...

Is my thought process correct in how I could go about regenerating the original transaction for submission by bitcore?
Is there an easier way to regenerate the transaction and increase the fees than how I'm trying to do it?
When attempting to replicate/duplicate the previous utxos, would I want to also provide the sequence number in the utxo?
Will this even work or will I even be able to submit this transaction to my same core node?
If it won't work, would it work if I ran -zapwallettxes on the core node first?


texts: Reusing bitcoin hw wallet infrastructure as a PGP replacement?

texts:
A lot of people who own Bitcoin are already know how to securely generate, store and use their BIP32 + BIP39 wallets, and own hardware wallets.
Are there any existing projects/standards trying to bolt on PGP-like capabilities on top of this existing secure-key infrastructure?
I imagine, that in a perfect world people would just generate their 24 words once in their whole lifetime, and then export some applicatin/device specific derived keys to other (potentially less secure) devices and use these for things like git commit signing, encrypted communication, 2FA, etc. . When the keys get compromised, or it's time to simply cycle them, they could use the determinism to switch to new keys (by just bumping the sequence number in the derivation path) which were known well in advance, but which were never exposed to anything other than the devices handling the master key. Seems like it would simplify and unify a lot of secret-key management, by piggy-backing on what's already being done in Bitcoin.


texts:
The website I am working on needs to have a web wallet integrated. What is the best solution for for a back end web wallet?

I need something that the web site can interface with to be able to generate an address and sign and send transactions. Looking around I have found BitcoinJS which looks good but I will have to code the wallet myself. I am looking for an existing solution that can be used by my site.

Bitcoind does not scale well in my experience as the wallet gets bloated and starts hogging all the CPU hence a reference implementation is needed.


texts:
I installed bitcoind on an ubunto server. If I execute bitcoind getinfo, I get the following output:

"relayfee":1.0E-5,"difficulty":3304356.39299034,"blocks":206286,"keypoolsize":101,"version":90201,"timeoffset":0,"balance":0.0,"errors":"","paytxfee":0.0,"proxy":"","testnet":false,"connections":38,"protocolversion":70002,"walletversion":60000

So it seems like it synced until block 206286. Around twelfe hours ago it 206154, so the number increased with normal block discovery time I would say. Connections are at 38 so this should be fine.

But if I checked correctly the actual current block is 300 000 something.

Does someone know whats the status of the wallet or how can I check it/


texts: Can corrupted unspent transaction outputs list leading to higher than expected fee be seen as an actual threat?

texts:
Let's imagine, an attacker managed to corrupt your local list of unspent transaction outputs (or a blockhain explorer you use) in a way that certain unspent transaction outputs seem to hold less coins than actually. When you proceed to make a new transaction to send 1 BTC and load your list of unspent outputs, you happily take as an input an output that seemingly has 2BTC but actually it has 100 BTC, but you don't know it since you have fake information. Therefore you set your transaction outputs to be 1 BTC for the receiver and 0.99 BTC as change, believing to pay a fee of 0.01 BTC and you happily sign and submit that transaction. But to your big dissapointment, you find out the next day that you actually paid/lost 98 BTC as a fee! The attacker did not gain anything, but he made you lose a significant amount of BTC.

My point is that the transaction inputs in the serialized transaction cointain only the output index and hash of the transaction where the output comes from. But since you do not broadcast to the network, which size you believe the input to be - you can sign and submit a valid transaction despite not agreeing with it, had you known the actual size of the inputs involved.

I know - you can verify the hashes of the transactions where the inputs come from and if something seems off, reject the transaction, or the transaction will be rejected by the network, since it is not practically achievable to "crack" the transaction hashes, but I'm not sure if lightweight clients/hardware wallets actually verify the origin of unspent outputs and I have a suspicion that TREZOR, for example, does not do it, since in the protocol you just send the transaction inputs and outputs.

So can you tell me, how and if current lightweight clients and hardware wallets are protected against the attack described above?

A simple fix to the issue above would be including the amounts explicitly in the transaction inputs, so when you sign the transaction you say "I believe that input x has y coins and reject the transaction if you think this is not true", but currently there is no way to do this AFAIK.


texts:
Is blockchain wallet able to give us BTG once have BTC in the wallet on the 25th of October 2017?

I haven't found any confirmation from them and in the btg website there is no info about blockchain.info only other wallets.


texts: Why a flip a bin before hashing in this script?

texts:
From How can I make this PHP merkle root script recursive?

function binFlipByteOrder($string) {
    return implode('', array_reverse(str_split($string, 1)));
}

Why a flip?


texts: Bitcoind returning "Invalid JSON-RPC 2.0 response"?

texts:
I am starting to use a basic implementation of Bitcoin JSON RPC (dzhuvinov library), and I am getting a strange result. Here is my code:

public static void main(String[] args)
{
    URL serverURL = null;

    final String rpcuser ="user";
      final String rpcpassword ="pass";

      Authenticator.setDefault(new Authenticator() {
          protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
              return new PasswordAuthentication (rpcuser, rpcpassword.toCharArray());
          }
      });
    try {
        serverURL = new URL("http://127.0.0.1:18332/");

    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
        System.err.println(e.getMessage());
        return;
    }
     JSONRPC2Session mySession = new JSONRPC2Session(serverURL);
     String method = "getinfo";
     int requestID = 0;
     JSONRPC2Request request = new JSONRPC2Request(method, requestID);
     JSONRPC2Response response = null;
     try {
             response = mySession.send(request);

     } catch (JSONRPC2SessionException e) {
             System.err.println(e.getMessage());
             return;
     }
     if (response.indicatesSuccess())
        System.out.println(response.getResult());
    else
        System.out.println(response.getError().getMessage());
}

And the response I am getting is:

Invalid JSON-RPC 2.0 response

Just to note - when executing this Python script:

access = jsonrpc.ServiceProxy("http://user:pass@127.0.0.1:18332/")
print access.getinfo()

I get a proper results.

What might be causing this problem and how should I go about fixing it?


texts: If Bitcoin is not stolen from an address for some months does it suggest that malware did not capture the key?

texts:
Some months ago, using bitaddress.org (offline but using my normal operating system), I made a key pair, copied the key and address to paper and stored a small quantity of Bitcoin at the address. Later, of course, the computer was again connected to the Internet, but the money has not been stolen.

Does the fact that probably no malware captured my private key those months ago suggest that the key is safe? Is it credible that malware would capture an address with small amounts of Bitcoin, but not extract it in the hope that later more would be paid into the same address?


texts: What bitcoin exchanges are based in the USA?

texts: What are the names and Web site addresses of popular bitcoin exchanges based in the USA?  These exchanges should support account funding via ACH transfers from US bank accounts.


texts: OP_HASH160 pops the public key from stack after hashing it?

texts:
This guide https://bitcoin.org/en/developer-guide#p2pkh-script-validation mentions
"The operation executed next, OP_HASH160, pushes onto the stack a hash of the data currently on top of it—in this case, Bob’s public key. This creates a hash of Bob’s public key."

Does the HASH160 operation pops the duplicated public key? If not, why keeping a duplication on the stack? what's the point?

Thanks.


texts: Does the 100+ GB blockchain database contain every transaction?

texts:
Does the 100+ GB blockchain database contain every transaction since the beginning, or only a digest of them?

I've read Nakamoto's paper and I see:

  the spent transactions before it can be discarded to save disk space [...] Merkle Tree  [...]

thus this question: is the 100+ GB blockchain already the result of a space-saving lossy process?


texts:
I started the standard client with --rescan instead of -rescan after switching wallets and before synchronizing with the latest blockchain, and made an going transaction.

This transaction got "stuck", never validating, even after the client caught up with the chain, after multiple restarts (last one with -rescan). I now have a too high balance shown in the client, and the tx never went out (I checked it in Blockchain.info).

After the blockchain was synchronized, I create another similar tx (same amount and target address), and that one went through ... but the bad tx is still shown in my client.

What should I do about it?


texts: Adversarial Question: Why not fork LND Loop and provide the service freely/cheaply?

texts:
Adversarial Question: Now that LND Loop is paid product, what stops someone from forking the software and selling the product themselves, or integrating it freely?

The only reason I can think of is that Loop is still maturing as a product, and that it is LND who will bring  it to maturity, so it makes sense to stay with the proprietors. But that's not even relevant when the service becomes mature.


texts: How to get latest 50 transactions for a BCH address?

texts: Is there an API from where I can get latest received transactions for a bitcoin-cash address?


texts:
I am newbie in this area.

As I understand, Bitcoin was started as open-source project; But what about now?

I see on Github there is 'Bitcoin Core', is it bitcoin repository?
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin

Or maybe government or corporations already bought it, like, for example, Github..


texts: Bitcoin stuck in old tablet with really old wallet - Can't send out or back up

texts:
I found an old tablet I have and it had some BTC on it.  I got it in 2014 and it has a wallet called 'blockchain' on it which I think is blockchain.info at the time and now blockchain.com
I am trying to send BTC out of it, but I get the following error:

I assume this is because I am using a really old version of the wallet.  So how else can I get this BTC to my coinbase account?
When I try to backup the wallet it asks me for SD location etc but when I open that location on my computer there is nothing there.
Any help on getting the money off of this android wallet would be really helpful thank you


texts: How can I hold Bitcoins safely in the long term?

texts:
Say I wished to hold a lot of bitcoins for many years as an investment. My worry would be about the long term safety of the different wallet mechanisms. If it's a website - what if it goes bust or goes down? If it's on my phone - then what if I lose my phone?...

Correct me if I'm wrong but presumably a bitcoin is essentially a long string of numbers, so presumably I could physically write this down on paper, make a few copies as backup and bury them in the garden (or whatever), then I wouldn't have to worry about the website going down.

I guess that my ultimate question is, how can I store some bitcoins for many years without having to worry about the security of my wallet?


texts: What are the February 20 changes to the Bitcoin protocol?

texts:
From the BitcoinJ mailing list:

  the Bitcoin protocol bizarrely changes itself on February 20th
  2012 in a backwards incompatible manner

What are these changes, why are they necessary, when was this announced and are there any plans for this to happen again?

What version of the official client supports the new protocol?


texts: Is it https://www.diem.inc/#/ website a scam? Is it possible to get the money back?

texts:
My friend had invested around $2,0000 in this website from December to January.
Now the website doesn't let my friend withdraw the money unless she pays 5 times the amount, which means $10,000.
We reported this to the local police last week and found out the financial company's registered address and director's name.
Is it possible to get the money back?


texts: Sweep all functionality for a Bitcoin Lightning private key using mobile, desktop, or cli wallet?

texts: Bitcoin wallets have a sweep all function to transfer all coins from one private key to another. Is there such a feature in a bitcoin lightning wallet where you can sweep all coins from a lightning private key to another lightning address?


texts: Why does Bitcoin Core mention "Coinbase transactions", and what are they?

texts:
Quote:
"category" : "str",                  (string) The transaction category.
                                           "send"                  Transactions sent.
                                           "receive"               Non-coinbase transactions received.
                                           "generate"              Coinbase transactions received with more than 100 confirmations.
                                           "immature"              Coinbase transactions received with 100 or fewer confirmations.
                                           "orphan"                Orphaned coinbase transactions received.

Source: https://bitcoincore.org/en/doc/0.20.0/rpc/wallet/listsinceblock/
I get "send" and "receive", but what are "generate", "immature" and "orphan"? And why is Coinbase (the exchange?!) mentioned several times in core (no pun intended) Bitcoin Core functionality?!
Once again, there's nothing but cryptic, very short "descriptions" of this, leaving me (and supposedly many others) guessing wildly.


texts: Looking for a generic wallet solution with focus on security

texts:
As above, I am looking for a coin agnostic wallet solution with all basic functionalities of a wallet, particularly multi-sig. Primary coin focus is on bitcoin, bitcoin cash, bitcoin gold, ethereum, litecoin and ripple. ICO is not part of consideration and language is not important.

Anyone has done a comparison to share please.

Thank you.


texts: ASICMINER Blade Erupter Backplane Dimensions

texts: I need to know the exact dimensions of Backplane (http://www.amazon.com/ASICMiner-Block-Erupter-Blade-Backplane/dp/B00GPUDBSM), both it's height, length and width. If you have one of these mining rigs fully loaded what I really need is the total dimensions of that entire setup.


texts: From where does a node download a copy of the ledger

texts:
From where does a node download the latest copy of ledger initially? Is this information stored in a 'central server'?

Let's say a node is offline for a while, after coming back how will the node get to know the ledger is up-to-date or not?


texts: Do exchanges charge fees from base currency or from counter currency?

texts:
I'm building some trading robots for a while already but I keep seing that something is wrong with my end of day balances.

My robot does arbitrage across multiple exchanges and I always take into account the fees but for some reason, the numbers are not always as I expect.
I suspect that I am either not applying the fees in the right place in my algorithm or maybe I don't have the right fees up to date.

I want to ask you:

Just to make sure that I have the latest fees, do you know where can I get the most reliable information on the fees for the exchanges Cryptsy, Btce, and Bitfinex?
I would like to understand better, for each exchange from which currency the fees are deducted, when buying and selling. Is it the counter or the base currency, that one is charged from? How could I find out this?


texts: Why does my wallet need to download the whole transaction history?

texts:
I started a wallet, and it is downloading and synchronizing lots of transactions.
This takes time and network bandwidth.

Why is this necessary? Is this some form of accountability?

With Paypal, for example, this isn't done.
And as you grow, I guess this becomes a huge -- will the amount of transaction data become too large? It is a bit scary to have my computer run off and synchronize, without it informing me  what kind of information it is getting and whey this is necessary.

Can't the whole transaction history be shown or available on a website, rather than loaded on my computer?


texts: What unique business models has Bitcoin enabled?

texts:
Are there specific, unique business models that have been made possible by the invention of Bitcoin?  And if so, what are they?

Edit:

I seem to be getting a lot of answers about the areas of industry that people hope and or predict Bitcoin will be great for.  That's all well and good, but it's not what I'm asking in this question.  What I'm curious to find are specific, unique-to-Bitcoin business models that did not and could not have existed before.  David Schwartz suggest there may be none (and he may be right), in which case there shouldn't be any answers here.  Please don't upvote answers which don't answer this question!

As a simple clarifying analogy, consider this question asked of the internet.  We can answer with things like "Pay per click advertising", MMO gaming, etc. because these things are specific, unique compared to anything that came before, and only possible due to the internet.  True, these have become entire industries, but they are industries that didn't exist in any form before the internet.  All I'm wondering is if anyone knows of any comparable things for Bitcoin.  I don't know of any, and I'm a fairly Bitcoin-aware guy.  That's why I asked.  Hopefully this clarifies the question.


texts: How are UTXO forwarded to other addresses?

texts:
this is a pretty general, conceptual question. I feel I do not yet completely understand the blockchain transaction dynamics.

Let's say, we have A, B and C trading on the Blockchain:

A has previously transferred 10BTC to B. So B has an unspent transaction output
(that it can spend) referenced by the address of A.
Now, B wants to pay 5BTC to C and does so by using the UTXO that it has from A's earlier transaction and routing it to C.
So, B forwards the UTXO with A's address to C and also gives 5BTC change to himself.

So, now, doesn't the transaction list look like this?

Inputs:

address_A 10BTC

Outputs:

address_C 5BTC
address_B 5BTC

Now, to me this seems correct from B's view, but it actually looks like A has transferred money to C and B, instead of B transferring money to C. I guess my understanding is wrong then, because it cant work like this. So where is my error?

From the view of C, shouldn't it look like this:

Inputs:

address_B 10BTC

Outputs:

address_C 5BTC
address_B 5BTC

Otherwise, also C would have again the unspent output of A and this output from A would sort of be forwarded again and again.

Don't judge me for my bad understanding please :D, if there is any good reads that you can recommend that would be great.

Thanks!

Best,
JC


texts: Trying to import from from blockchain.info to multibit, getting error "There were missing dates. Have to go back to genesis block."

texts:
I have a wallet on blockchain.info. I would like to load it in to multibit. I copied the text of the encryped wallet and saved it as wallet.aes.json. I then try to load it in to multibit. After correctly entering in the password, I receive the error "There were missing dates. Have to go back to genesis block."

I have tried resetting the blockchain both "from the date of the first transaction" as well as October of 2010, which is more than 2 years before the creation of this wallet. However, I still get the same error.

Your assistance is much appreciated!


texts: blockchain.info websocket: Error code = 1006, Unexpected end of stream

texts:
I am using javax.websockets to have a webSocket connection with Blockchain.info, except that it closes down after random intervals, and I can see the close reason as:

'Unexpected end of stream', Error Code = 1006.

I am not able to figure out why this occurs. Here is the code:

private void initializeWebSocketSession(Session session)
{
    WebSocketContainer container container = ContainerProvider.getWebSocketContainer();
    Session session = container.connectToServer(BlockchainWebSocketClient.class, URI.create("wss://ws.blockchain.info/inv"));
}

public void onOpen(Session session) throws IOException
{
    session.setMaxIdleTimeout(0);
    session.getBasicRemote().sendText("{\"op\":\"unconfirmed_sub\"}");
}

@OnMessage
public void onMessage(String message, boolean isLastPartOfMessage)
{
    // Some logic
}


texts: What is the right way to accept bitcoin payments using bitcoind?

texts:
I want to implement payments using Bitcoin without any 3rd party services. I already installed full node on my server and configured RPC API. What should I do next?

Now I plan to work in the following way:

Create wallets for all existing and new users using getaccountaddress method and store address in DB.
Set up an every minute cron job which will calls listtransactions * 1000, loop through transactions to find new which has more than N confirmations.
Store filtered transactions in DB, find user by address and add money to balance.
Send received bitcoins to another (main) wallet using sendfrom method.

I have some doubts about the stability of the solution. I do not think that users will perform more than 1,000 transactions per minute, so when all is working as planned, it looks as pretty stable solution. But what, if, for example, bitcoind (or entire server) will hang / fail / break down? How easy will be to handle payments that were not processed before?

Maybe there is a better way for receiving payments? Thank you.


texts:
Using bitcoin-qt console
How can I specify which wallet I wish to import an address to if I have multiple wallets
importprivkey doesn't have option to specify a wallet.


texts: If 30% of the network are malicious, how many nodes would an SPV need to connect to, to be sure?

texts:
If we assume that 30% of the network is malicious and colluding together to trick an SPV client, by telling him wrong information.

How many random connections would the SPV client, need to connect to before the probability that he has only connected to malicious nodes is negligible?

In other words:

If we assume that the SPV does not know that 30% of the network is bad. What is the probability that he randomly connects to 5 bad nodes in a row?


texts: Can I continue to use an old Bitcoin address?

texts:
I have a wallet on Blockchain.info and
they generated a Bitcoin address for me.
Now, I have another Bitcoin address. Can I still use my old Bitcoin address?


texts: Lightning Network: Isn't there a risk in spending more BTC than needed?

texts:
Say, I want to establish a payment channel with an individual, Jim.  I want to make 10 monthly payments of 0.01BTC to him for a total of 0.1BTC.  I don't want to spend 0.1BTC at once, but in order to create a payment channel with 0.1BTC capacity, I have to send a 0.1BTC transaction to Jim to create the Payment and hope he doesn't close the channel.  If he does, then the 0.1BTC is sent to the main blockchain?

If all I have is 0.01BTC to start with, all I an send to Jim is 0.01BTC once.  The only way I can send more is if there are already other funded payment channels between myself, Jim, and another node that have remaining capacity?


texts: I want to transfer my bitcoin but i cannot

texts:
I want to transfer bitcoin to a wallet adress but when i send it gives me this error
There was a problem sending your transaction Uneconomical UTXO requested [type: 1 (limit 5643), txOut.val: 4123, required: 109544]
What it means and how can i send ?  Please help me thanks


texts:
I am trying to have Monit monitor my bitcoind process because it crashes a lot ever since the spamming has begun.

I have this in my monitrc file:

check process bitcoind with pidfile /home/ubuntu/.bitcoin/bitcoind.pid
    start program = "/usr/bin/bitcoind" as uid "ubuntu" and gid "ubuntu"
    stop program = "/usr/bin/bitcoin-cli -rpcconnect=127.0.0.1 -rpcport=8332 -rpcuser=bitcoinrpc -rpcpassword=mypasswordhere stop" as uid "ubuntu" and gid "ubuntu"

When bitcoind dies, monit does detect it, but it doesn't start it as indicated in monit.log:

[UTC Jul 11 22:26:32] error    : 'bitcoind' process is not running
[UTC Jul 11 22:26:32] info     : 'bitcoind' trying to restart
[UTC Jul 11 22:26:32] info     : 'bitcoind' start: /usr/bin/bitcoind
[UTC Jul 11 22:27:02] error    : 'bitcoind' failed to start

These are the lines from my debug.log just before the crash:

2015-07-09 19:22:26 socket recv error Connection timed out (110)
2015-07-09 19:23:30 dumpaddr thread stop
2015-07-09 19:23:30 opencon thread interrupt
2015-07-09 19:23:30 addcon thread interrupt
2015-07-09 19:23:30 msghand thread interrupt
2015-07-09 19:23:30 net thread interrupt
2015-07-09 19:23:30 Shutdown: In progress...
2015-07-09 19:23:30 StopNode()
2015-07-09 19:23:30 Shutdown: done
2015-07-09 19:27:32

This is another debug.log before a different crash:

2015-07-09 16:12:09 socket send error Broken pipe (32)
2015-07-09 16:12:39 ping timeout: 1200.192793s
2015-07-09 16:22:17 socket recv error Connection reset by peer (104)
2015-07-09 16:24:28

As you can see, there aren't any consistent messages before crashing.

If I run "/usr/bin/bitcoind" from console it starts fine.  I am on ubuntu.  I installed bitcoin through the package manager.

Any thoughts would be greatly appreciated.  Thank you.


texts: How can counterparty tokens be distributed?

texts:
When a new counterparty token is created, are they all created at once? Or can there be a custom distribution schedule? Basically, I'm wondering if all counterparty tokens are centrally distributed or if there can be a way to distribute them in a decentralized way.

Another way of asking this:

In Bitcoin, mining serves two purposes:

To secure the blockchain and make it hard to overpower
To distribute coins in a decentralized way

Is there a way to use counterparty for (1) but still do mining for (2)?


texts:
I would like to use a USB with a Linux distro, ideally with Electrum. The advantage of this is that the USB does not need to contain any information, just entering the seed would be enough, which provides extra security in my opinion.

Is there a distribution which does this? or there an instruction on how to do this?


texts: It has been argued that with the use of blockchain in auditing, the transaction and the record of the transaction will be the same thing. What does this mean?


texts:
Is there any possible way to send transaction with specific fee (not fee per kb) from wallet in bitcoinj? Where should I look to find a solution :)? My code:

Address address = Address.fromBase58(BitcoinNetwork.mode.GetParams(), destAddress);
SendRequest req = SendRequest.to(address, Coin.valueOf(value));
completeTx(req);


texts: How can one download the bitcoin client securely?

texts: What is the correct procedure to download the official bitcoin client, and validate it was signed by the developers, and not infected with any malware by a man in the middle?


texts:
total newb here.

I purchased some ETH on an exchange which uses smart contracts, it is in that exchange wallet.  I have another wallet which does not support smart contracts, only "traditional" ETH transactions.

Apparently the ETH is not transferable between these 2 wallets.  I am trying to find information about if it is possible to transfer ETH from a smart contract wallet to a "traditional wallet".  Is this possible?  Is there a way I can convert the smartcontact ETH back to "traditional"?

If this isn't possible then it seems smart contract ETH and "traditional" ETH aren't even the same currency anymore.  Is that the case?

I have put "traditional" in quotes because that is the term i've seen although i don't know if that is a correct term.


texts:
It's 5 days since I opened my first (and unique, for now) lightning channel.
Unfortunately it seems that only me have funded the channel while the counterparty didn't, so the channel it's actually a unidirectional channel.
Indeed the output of the command lightning-cli listchannelsshows direction: 1 (I'm running the c-lightning implementation).
Is it normal that the counterparty doesn't have funded the channel yet after 5 days or I should think I've misconfigured my channel?


texts: How do lightweight nodes and SPV wallets calculate balances?

texts:
Can they do it? Or they "talk" to a full node for that purpose and are used only for mining purposes?

Thanks in advance for your answers.


texts: Can hardware wallets actually display the amount of funds leaving your control?

texts:
It would seem the answer is no, because the hardware wallet is not a full node and cannot know the total value represented by the input transactions. It must trust the host software for this. Am I correct, or did I miss something?

Basically, the concern is that a malicious host software could trick the user+wallet into signing a transaction that has a low amount of output value but a high total amount of input value. This would convert the user's Bitcoins into a miner reward. Though admittedly the motivation behind such an attack would be low because the attacker can't profit from it.


texts: How can I export a single wallet from bitcoind?

texts: On my full node bitcoin wallet, I have a lot of wallets, I can see them with the command dumpwallet "filename" but if I try to export one of those priv keys to another wallet, (blockchain) this New wallet service recognize the public address for this priv key, but not the ammount of bitcoins corresponding to this wallet... Am I doing something wrong?


texts: Have a bunch of wallet.dat files. What alt-coins do they have (and may be how much)?

texts:
A few years ago I mined a couple of alt-coins. Now I have approximately 5 wallets which are named in non-suggestive way: wallet_01.dat, wallet_02.dat, ..., wallet_05.dat. Each of them has reasonable amount of coins, also I have no idea how much exactly and what coin correspond to each wallet. Now I would like to restore some order by checking what do I have and how much.

Is there a way for me to figure this out? I do not remember exactly what these alt-coins are but have approximate ideas (probably can try to remember and select 30 potential candidates).

With this, I clearly can try each of the alt-coin client, wait for sync (may be do not even need this) and try to open each of the wallet. This will be very slow and because I am not 100% sure I will be lucky with my 30 crypto-coin guesses might take even longer.

So, is there a way to find a corresponding alt-coin for a wallet. Even maybe finding how much coins are in the wallet without downloading the client?


texts:
Are there any tutorials on how to setup dnsseeder for a new altcoin. I am struggling with this for past couple of days.

I am modifying dogecoin seeder and i just cant setup on my server. My coin daemon is running on the same AWS server. I did open the ports 53 and for daemon and rpc.  I only have one ip running both daemon and dnsseed. My understanding is that the more nodes connect to dnsseed, it will auto add the nodes to its dns list.

i have set this on godaddy records

dnsseed.example.com -> IP

and IP is running dnsseeder.

Here i run

./dnsseed -h dnsseed.example.com -n IP

and i see this

Supporting whitelisted filters: 0x1,0x5,0x9,0xd
No e-mail address set. Please use -m.

When i check whether dnsseed is running,

netstat -anp

I could not find any process listening on port 53.

How do i check if dnsseed is running? Thank you for your time as i find this topic confusing.


texts: How can I extract my bitcoin public address from my bitcoin private key using PHP for Nodejs?

texts: I'm building out an application, but I need to verify if the bitcoin private keys have a positive balance. Is there a PHP script or some type of service that I can pass in a private key and outputs all the bitcoin public keys in 1... and 3... formats? From there I'll just pass those addresses to a block explorer.


texts: Is there any open source implementation of Bitcoin wallet encryption in Java?

texts: I intend to establish an efficient and secure scheme for protection of wallets. For this , I need source code that implements wallet ecryption as mentioned in https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Wallet_encryption


texts: Is it possible to recover coins after clicking on Reset Options button?

texts:
I use emercoin windows wallet -
Emercoin Core version v0.6.3emc (64-bit)

I clicked the button - Reset options.
The app restarted,
and balance changed to 0.
The wallet was completely out of sync after restarting.
But even after syncing all blockchain the balance doesn't change.
The balance equals 0.

My intention was just resetting options to default
but my coins have disappear.

Does it mean that I've completely lost all my coins ?
Or there is a way to restore coins ?

Need help.

I didn't create any backup wallet.


texts: How do you validate a bitcoin address using bitcoinjs library in javascript?

texts: How would one validate a bitcoin address using the bitcoinjs library? Or is there another way to do this via javascript?


texts: How to verify signature of multisig transaction (2-2) after it being signed by first owner? How can I understand if that owner used wrong private key => wrong signature?


texts: Bitcoin Wallet - An unconfirmed transaction that was later resent and confirmed still shows up on total

texts:
I use the wallet Bitcoin Wallet from the Google Play store, and recently received a transaction for some BTC. However, this transaction is really a resend of an earlier transaction for the exact same amount that was rejected.

Despite this, the earlier transaction (showing up as unconfirmed in the wallet) is still adding to my shown total, and is making my total amount inaccurate. Is there a way to delete the transaction from my history so that it does not show up on the total?


texts: Getting Imported address privet keys. (Blockchain)

texts:
Am trying to get the private key for an imported address but am unable to do so.
I did tried to use the blockchain method but still unsucessful as I don't have the  private key on the tab.


texts: Generating P2WSH addresses | Is there a standard WitnessScript?

texts:
For the examples below I am going to be talking of 1-of-1 multisig only derived from a single private key.
For P2WPKH, the address is generated using using hash160 of the public key which acts as the witness program.
For P2WSH, is there any standard witness program? The demo in https://bc-2.jp/tools/bech32demo/index.html uses <pubkey> OP_CHECKSIG[0xac] as the WitnessScript. While bitcoinaddress pip package uses a different approach (see https://github.com/fortesp/bitcoinaddress/blob/master/bitcoinaddress/address.py#L130-L133 )
(Please excuse any wrong nomenclature I might have used in this question)


texts: What are the risks of a lower-than-95% activation threshold for soft forks (particularly SegWit)?

texts: 95% seems exceptionally conservative, especially given the evidence of vetoing by a subset of Bitcoin miners. What risks does, say, 60% over a longer activation period hold vs 95% for SegWit?


texts: Is that proved that for each block there is always nonce value which will make block hash to start by n count of 0

texts:
Sorry for the obvious question, but I'm looking for a mathematical prove.

Block header is calculated as a concatenation of the following values.

Version
hashPrevBlock
hashMerkleRoot
timeStamp
Bits
Nonce (32-bit number)

First 5 parameters are static for each block. Miner only tries to find out Nonce value, such that Hash(Block_header) will start with a certain number of zeroes.

Is that proved that for each combination of Version, hashPrevBlock, hashMerkleRoot, timeStamp and Bits there is a Nonce value, that will make block hash to start with a certain number of zeroes?

If yes, can you please share any article that explains that prove?


texts: Capturing IP address of transactions submitted to Bitcoin

texts:
Dan Kaminsky has pointed out that it would be possible to build a service that tries to infer the source IP address of each Bitcoin transaction.  His idea, which he calls Blitcoin, works by maintaining connections to all nodes in the peer-to-peer network and noting the IP address of the first node to report the transaction.  This won't always be the IP address of the source of the transaction (for instance, there are a number of ways to hide one's IP address), but sometimes it might be.

Has anyone built such a service?  How often does it work, in practice?  Are there any commercially available services that have maintained past archives of this information?


texts: How does one checks which customer made a payment?

texts:
One question I'm not able to properly answer when asked is

How exactly can  the blockchain verify the identity of the user without a centralized trusted party such as VeriSign?

I know this is done in a decentralized way and the ECDSA algorithm should do the trick, but other applications still need a centralized trusted party in order to verify if the user is really who he says he is even when they're using ECDSA as well.
But how exactly can I guarantee that nobody can pretend to be someone else and spend their bitcoin instead?
Yes, I know the basic of how public-key cryptography works, but Information Security is not strong with me.

Edit: let me explore the question further.
Suppose I own a coffee house with intense flow of customers. How can I be sure about costumers that had already paid and others how didn't pay?
Let's say that Bob and Anna are my customers. Bob orders a Macchiato, Anna orders a Capuccino. Both coffees have the same price. How can I know which payment came from each one of them?


texts: What options do I have to avoid API gap limit? I am using xpub keys

texts:
I am building a app, and the design is, the "welcome page" has a qr code allowing the user to purchase a single-use of the app.

Blockchain.info conveniently allows you to use xpub to generate addresses, however, their docs mention bip 44, and the "gap limit"...  This is instantly a problem as I can imagine, say 30 users simultaneously going to the app (more realistically, 30 users going to the app under the amount of time it takes a single user to purchase), 20 will be presented bitcoin addresses to purchase, 10 will not due to the api throwing gap limit errors.

What options do I have to get around this?

I've had others suggest I just manually generate a bunch of private keys and not use xpub, but manually having to consolidate all of those single-transactions-per-address just sounds like an absolute nightmare that I would like to avoid.

UPATE

Is there any way at all to re-use the same address every time, but attach a guid to it so that when I see the txn broadcasted, I can link it with a given user's session?  This is really all that I need.  I don't need xpub.. I just need a way to identify that user A and user B both are viewing the welcome page, user A doesn't pay, user B does, user B is automatically given access, user A is not.


texts: Merged mining: are there any ways to prevent it?

texts:
Supporting merged mining allows a cryptocurrency A to improve the security its blockchain (increase the hash rate) by accepting work done on the blockchain of cryptocurrency B through insertion of a hash of a valid A-block.

Is it possible for cryptocurrency B (say Bitcoin) to prevent its blockchain from being used to effectively enhance the security of a rival coin? (I am assuming the 'A'-hash insertion takes place in the coinbase, which is normally used for entropy).


texts: How can I contribute to the open source Bitcoin project?

texts:
Generally speaking, how can:

A) A programmer contribute to Bitcoin?

B) A non-programmer contribute to Bitcoin?

Essentially; which areas are in most need of programming work / non-programming work?


texts: What happens if your transaction is never confirmed?

texts: If I have a low amount and don't include a fee, the transaction takes forever to get confirmed. What happens if it never gets confirmed? Can the wallet that I sent it to still spend the money?


texts: No accepted shares on cgminer (sync issue ?)

texts:
I don't really understand how cgminer works.
I try to mine using cgminer + cgwatcher on a BtcGuild pool but even after 1 hour mining I don't have any accepted or share block. What I don't understand is how cgminer sync with the current blockchain data??? Blockchain data is about 11Go. Should I find blk0001.DAT file in cgminer folder or Roaming folder?
Is it possible to keep miner tool (on a USB key) and keep data on the same USB key.

Thanx


texts: Is Bitcoin-lightning still not scalable?

texts:
Bitcoin verifies about 220 million transactions a year. Even when using Lightning, wouldn't I want to verify my Bitcoins at least once a year on the Blockchain? With 8 billion humans verifying once a year, wouldn't it take on average 40 years to get verified in the blockchain? What if you're forced to close a Lightning channel?
Wouldn't this make the Bitcoin use not secure anymore?


texts: What happens if a miner publishes a block which contains an invalid transaction?

texts: What happens if a miner (accidentally or maliciously) publishes a block with correct proof of works, which contains an invalid transaction (e.g., a double spending one)? Is the block ignored by the network?


texts:
So I'm trying to learn how to work with an api, and how to get bitcoin historical price data.  Ideally, I'd like all of it, and the nice gui that they have on the site for displaying the charts (but I don't suppose I can get the gui?).

Alternatively, I'd like to be able to just see the last 2000 trades, up to an end date, as it seems to say I can here, using http://api.bitcoincharts.com/v1/trades.csv?symbol=SYMBOL[&end=UNIXTIME].  This works fine for UNIXTIME up to a couple days ago, but not further back.  Is it possible to retrieve older data?  Or are there better ways to go about this?


texts: Proof of work - does the equipment matter?

texts: It technically doesn’t matter whether I am using a super computer or a laptop to do the proof of work, it’s simply that with a super computer I can go through the attempts much faster, which means I have a higher chance of solving the problem before anyone else and therefore claiming the reward, right?


texts:
After working my way through many errors compiling an alt-coin windows qt.

Everything compiles fine right until the final stage when the system is putting together the exe.

You can find the error below. leveldb is installed and libleveldb.a and libmemenv.a files are correctly in src/leveldb ... Any help resolving this issue would be appreciated.

uuid -lgdi32 -lboost_system-mgw48-mt-1_54 -lboost_filesystem-mgw48-mt-1_54 -lboo
st_program_options-mgw48-mt-1_54 -lboost_thread-mgw48-mt-1_54 -lboost_chrono-mgw
48-mt-1_54 -lQtGui4 -lQtCore4
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x433): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::DB::Open(leveldb::Options const&, std::string const&, leveldb::DB**)'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x73f): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::Status::ToString() const'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x866): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::WriteBatch::~WriteBatch()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x89f): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::WriteBatch::WriteBatch()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x921): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::WriteBatch::~WriteBatch()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x944): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::Status::ToString() const'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0xac4): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::WriteBatch::Iterate(leveldb::WriteBatch::Handler*) const'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0xaf5): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::WriteBatch::Handler::~Handler()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0xb24): undefined reference to `l
eveldb::Status::ToString() const'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x14a9): undefined reference to `
leveldb::Status::ToString() const'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x176f): undefined reference to `
leveldb::WriteBatch::Put(leveldb::Slice const&, leveldb::Slice const&)'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x18b2): undefined reference to `
leveldb::Status::ToString() const'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x1a57): undefined reference to `
leveldb::Options::Options()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x1ae0): undefined reference to `
leveldb::Options::Options()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x1b35): undefined reference to `
leveldb::NewLRUCache(unsigned int)'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x1b44): undefined reference to `
leveldb::NewBloomFilterPolicy(int)'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x1b9c): undefined reference to `
leveldb::NewBloomFilterPolicy(int)'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x2021): undefined reference to `
leveldb::WriteBatch::~WriteBatch()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x211d): undefined reference to `
leveldb::Status::ToString() const'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x35c3): undefined reference to `
leveldb::WriteBatch::Delete(leveldb::Slice const&)'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x6488): undefined reference to `
leveldb::WriteBatch::~WriteBatch()'
./build\txdb-leveldb.o:txdb-leveldb.cpp:(.text+0x64b8): undefined reference to `
leveldb::WriteBatch::~WriteBatch()'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.8.1/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: ./build\tx
db-leveldb.o: bad reloc address 0x2 in section `.text$_ZN5boost16exception_detai
l10clone_baseD1Ev[__ZN5boost16exception_detail10clone_baseD1Ev]'
c:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/4.8.1/../../../../mingw32/bin/ld.exe: final link
 failed: Invalid operation
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status


texts: How does Bitcoin currently mitigate Sybil and Eclipse attacks?

texts:
What countermeasures does Bitcoin currently have in place to limit Sybil attacks (ie of full nodes [not miners]) and eclipse attacks?

In particular, it seems like an important countermeasure would be to attempt to give your connections only about as much resources (bandwidth/processing/etc) as they're giving back to you, so as to ensure that a sybil attacker must cost approximately the same amount as an honest node. But I get the feeling this doesn't exist. Does it?

Are there other countermeasures in place currently?


texts: BTC transaction taking nearly 12 hours to process -- recommended fee selected. Community: please help!

texts:
https://blockstream.info/tx/d6763f114b0303fe88e2ff58c2bc6b48c23526471aad9384e046878639a05c25
see the above link in the block explorer. Please advise on why this may be the case and what/if there's anything I can do?


texts: Why estimatesmart fee returning the same fee for diffeent blocks number?

texts:
I am trying to calculate the fee per kb using the estimatesmartfee.

I had called estimatesmart fee with  different type of blocks number .The fee remaing the same.

estimatesmartfee(2)=estimatesmartfee(6)=estimatesmartfee(24)

above statement seems to be correct . Please let me know if there is some another changes need to be done using the estimatesmartfee


texts: Why does my implementation of hex to Base58check produce different results than the example?

texts:
Step 8 of this wiki page gives this hex value: 00010966776006953D5567439E5E39F86A0D273BEED61967F6

Step 9 converts it to this base58 string:16UwLL9Risc3QfPqBUvKofHmBQ7wMtjvM

I'm trying to implement the conversion function using the pseudocode from this wiki page. This is my implementation (in Java):

    String input = "00010966776006953D5567439E5E39F86A0D273BEED61967F6"
    BigInteger bigInteger = new BigInteger(input , 16);
    String code_string = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz";
    StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();

    while(bigInteger.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO) == 1){
        BigInteger[] divAndRemainder = bigInteger.divideAndRemainder(BigInteger.valueOf(58));
        output.append(code_string.charAt(divAndRemainder[1].intValue()));
        bigInteger = divAndRemainder[0];
    }

    int i=0;
    while(concat.charAt(i) == '0'){
        i++;
        output.append(code_string.charAt(0));
    }
    System.out.println(output.reverse());

This prints out 1116UwLL9Risc3QfPqBUvKofHmBQ7wMtjvM. This is close to what the wiki page produces, but not quite, there are 2 extra leading 1s. This is from the 2 leading 0s in the input string. Why doesn't the wiki example get my result?


texts: How to select a leader in RAFT consensus protocol

texts:
Suppose a network of 5 nodes uses RAFT consensus protocol. Each nodes maintains a transactions log which consists of a list of the log entries. Each log entry again consists of index and term. All of them are marked themselves as leader candidate and send the request Vote (term, index). The current log entries (i.e. list of term and index values) of all the leader candidate nodes as follows -

Then who will be the leader ?


texts: How do you get a Bitcoin Public Key from a Private Key

texts:
How do I, in extreme specificity, convert a given private bitcoin key into a public bitcoin key (Talk to me like I'm 5 and I have to do this step by step or the evil witch will cook me alive in her oven).  NOT where can I find a program that will do this, but if I were to do it myself, what would I do?

Private Key:

18E14A7B6A307F426A94F8114701E7C8E774E7F9A47E2C2035DB29A206321725

supposedly results in the public key:

0450863AD64A87AE8A2FE83C1AF1A8403CB53F53E486D8511DAD8A04887E5B23522CD470243453A299FA9E77237716103ABC11A1DF38855ED6F2EE187E9C582BA6

Others have asked how to get private to public, I haven't seen a really specific answer, just more general direction, but no answers explain all the variables.  I understand this is rather complex and if a given individual thinks its too much work to answer, I totally respect that.  Note:  I do not care for the Bitcoin Address, just interested in Privatekey to Publickey and the specifics of how.

Variables such as the "a" and "b" in the ECDSA Curve Algorithm are already designated by Bitcoin (according to https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Secp256k1).  the "base point" aka "G" is also specified on that page.  the "private exponent" or "k", I have yet to find.  Some of these variables are supposedly "random" which appears to be false as every generator that you can put a private key into seems to always spit out the same public key...so....  all the variables are either already preset or are derived from the private key.

Thanks for any help on this. I've been trying to research and understand this for days, but it seems sometimes I don't understand the terms and or notations, but I think I've gotten past that and now am just missing parts of the equation.

EDIT ADD:
This is the previous stated private key in Decimal:

11253563012059685825953619222107823549092147699031672238385790369351542642469

This is the previous stated public key (x and y values) in decimal:

36422191471907241029883925342251831624200921388586025344128047678873736520530
20277110887056303803699431755396003735040374760118964734768299847012543114150

All I want to know is how to go from that private key to the public key.  Supposedly it is a simple equation that doesn't involve bit shifting or xor etc.  It may include "point multiplication" (which I don't see how you can multiply a point defined as having both an x and a y).  No one seems to understand the intricacies of this.  Do you guys suggest I actually offer some fraction of a bitcoin to whoever explains it clearly?


texts: Is it possible to steal proof-of-work answer from a miner who has insecure machine? Consider a miner who has insecure machine found correct answer of proof-of-work and an adversary steals this it and broadcasts to the whole of network to receive the related reward. Is it possible? and if so, what the solution? I do not mean "sealing block" but I mean "stealing nonce" i.e. the answer of pow for a "unique block". Consicer two miners (rational and honest) are working on a the same block. If honest miner can find correct nonce then rational steals this nonce and propagates it in entire network.


texts: Code modification could lower mining-difficulty requirements, why isn't this a vulnerability?

texts: What prevents a bitcoin miner from modifying the code to make mining easier instead of more difficult ?


texts: Is there a way to identify exchanges in the blockchain?

texts: Is there a way to identify transactions that occur on exchanges (such as Mt. Gox) in the blockchain?


texts: Coinbase out going wallet transfer is stuck pending foour days now

texts: My Brother Sent me Bitcoin on Coinbase he sent it to my mobile number and not my Couibase wallet  its now stuck saying transaction is Pending been four days checked Blockchain no record of transaction.any help PlZ


texts: Check if a user pays another user for bitcoin website

texts:
I am creating a bitcoin website. I would rather the bitcoin didn't go through my website to prevent any security issues.

What happens is one user pays another user, and when that happens my website delivers the digital goods instantly.

All I need to do is check if the one user pays the other user. But the problem I can't find a way to do that easily.

I was going to use the blockchain api to check, but if they pay through a website like cryptsy, I can't check because it goes through multiple addresses.

The only solution I've found so far is to make them use the bitcoin wallet, or use an escrow service.

Escrow is my last option, because it always has a fee, and I really want this to be user to user.

I could really use some suggestions!

Thanks!(:


texts: Why are some of my peers rejecting this CSV transaction?

texts:
The CSV-redeeming TX I broadcast: https://www.blocktrail.com/tBTC/tx/807d464fff227ce98cfb5f1292069e2793e99f21b0539a1729cc460af32add77

The locktime was set for ten minutes, and the redeeming tx (linked above) was broadcast after twenty minutes.

I have 8 peers and 4-5 reject CSV txs every time for reason=non-BIP68-final Here's one example...

Log messages (running bcoin):

[W:2018-10-09T22:43:03Z] (net) Received reject (52.62.75.209:18333): msg=tx code=nonstandard reason=non-BIP68-final hash=807d464fff227ce98cfb5f1292069e2793e99f21b0539a1729cc460af32add77.

RPC getpeerinfo:

  {
    "id": 12,
    "addr": "52.62.75.209:18333",
    "addrlocal": "18.191.117.102:57474",
    "name": "ec2-52-62-75-209.ap-southeast-2.compute.amazonaws.com",
    "services": "0000040d",
    "relaytxes": true,
    "lastsend": 1539125540,
    "lastrecv": 1539125540,
    "bytessent": 445546,
    "bytesrecv": 465329,
    "conntime": 13977,
    "timeoffset": 0,
    "pingtime": 0.195,
    "minping": 0.194,
    "version": 70015,
    "subver": "/Satoshi:0.16.2/",
    "inbound": false,
    "startingheight": 1414448,
    "besthash": "00000000210004840364b52bc5e455d888f164e4264a4fec06a514b67e9d5722",
    "bestheight": 1414433,
    "banscore": 0,
    "inflight": [],
    "whitelisted": false
  },

The peer is running updated software and besides CSV has been locked in forever


texts:
When creating a transaction in the standard client, what is the algorithm used to determine which unspent outputs will be used as inputs?

Has this changed since the first version? What different algorithms are used by alternative clients?

Does the client make any attempt to optimize which 'coins' are used based on minimizing the transaction size, the resulting fragmentation, or the 'age' of the coins (value/transactions) used as the source?


texts: Is it worth using about 20 old dell workstations to mine at once? They have ancient hardware from about 2003-2005. Would it be better to use than one computer from modern time?


texts: Armory paper backup without private keys

texts: Do I need to install Armory on a computer to move my BTC out of an armory wallet?


texts: Bitcoind to use static RPC authentication cookie from file?

texts: I'm running bitcoind 0.20.1 inside a Docker container and would like to access its RPC interface from another container. I have put an authentication cookie into a Docker secret and mapped it to /run/secrets/rpc_cookie. Now when I use -rpccookiefile=/run/secrets/rpc_cookie bitcoind tries to write to that file and fails. Of course, it's read-only! How can I instruct bitcoind to just use the cookie from the file and be done with it?


texts: Why does pay to pubkey hash contain OP_CHECKSIG at the end instead of beginning?

texts:
According to the bitcoin wiki, the most common form of transaction (pay-to-pubkey-hash) looks like this:

scriptPubKey: OP_DUP OP_HASH160 <pubKeyHash> OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG
scriptSig: <sig> <pubKey>

I am curious why OP_CHECKSIG comes at the end. Couldn't we check the signature even before doing the hash?

More precisely, couldn't it instead do:

scriptPubKey: OP_CHECKSIGVERIFY OP_DUP OP_HASH160 <pubKeyHash> OP_EQUAL
scriptSig: <pubKey> <sig>

This way you don't have to go through all the hashing if the pubkey and sig don't match to begin with.

I'm sure there's a good reason for this or i'm completely misunderstanding something, please enlighten me. Thank you!


texts:
I understand that the main purpose of the mining process is to maintain the network and protect it from fraud.
However, every transaction is signed by the sender's private key, and then it's verified by the network (the other nodes) using the sender's public key.
Isn't that enough to protect the network from fraud and cheats? Even if there is spam with many invalid transactions, the verification is a light operation, and they can be immediately detected and rejected.


texts: Bitcoin Core not showing content of address

texts:
Bitcoin core newbie here.
I have an old wallet  backed up here, and upon download of the latest blockchain info, importing the wallet, my balance is empty.
Now I do have 3 transactions which I made in 2018, including one on which I transferred all my remaining assets. One of these addresse, upon blockchain explorer verification, indeed contains my asset.
How can I access it via bitcoin core? The wallet was originaly created within Bitcoin Core.
When getting the private key to the address holding my asset, and importing the priv key into an alternative wallet such as electrum, I can't see the public address holding my assets and not access them either.
Can someone tell me how I can access the content of the public access bound to my private key please?
I spent hours on this already...
cheers


texts: Which function is called to mine a block, broadcast the newly mined block & receive a newly mined block?

texts: I am trying to understand the control flow and handling of transactions in the memory pool.


texts: What's partial spending? What does avoidpartialspend do?

texts:
Group outputs by address, selecting all or none, instead of selecting on a per-output basis. Privacy is improved as an address is only used once (unless someone sends to it after spending from it), but may result in slightly higher fees as suboptimal coin selection may result due to the added limitation (default: 0)

I don't understand. Isn't address reuse already avoided, if receiving/change address is used only once? Does this option mean that each receiving address would be tracked by the wallet internally, so that spending from multiple "sources" is generally avoided? Aren't there still some scenarios that "spending from multiple sources" is still unavoidable? How could this improve privacy? Won't this create a tracable "chain" of transactions?


texts: What should I fix / look for if my mining rig say Accepted 0 of 0?

texts: I have been mining using this software for over an hour now, and I would expect to see returns.


texts: How to know when a payment has been received by bitcoind?

texts:
I want to create a website which involves the creation of a new single-use address that a user would send bitcoins to. I'd like to know programmatically when the user has sent bitcoins to the address so the website can post a "thank you" note (or do whatever else). What is the best way to do this?

The flow would be:

Website creates and shows user a new single-use address and says, "send bitcoins here"
User sends bitcoins to the address
As soon as the address receives bitcoins, the website says "thank you for sending 0.3 BTC!"

I suppose I could poll the address in question every few minutes, but this is problematic because the user may abandon the website after step 1 (i.e., never send any bitcoins), so the website might end up polling forever.

I am using the official bitcoind client now, but I'm open to using something else.

I understand Blockchain.info provides an API to get push notifications on a given address activity, but I'd rather not rely on a third-party service.


texts: Something like blockchain.info appears to keep full wallets online. Do they run a standard bitcoind on thousands of servers (one per person)? Or are the somehow managing to keep individual wallets separated?


texts:
Block 546 is the first time a (actually two) transaction spends the UTXO of a transaction from the same block.

Is the order important? (The transaction that generates the UTXO has to appear before in the block than the transaction that spends it)

Is it still possible today?


texts: i transferred coins to my wallet, but the wallet hasn't finished syncing with the network as yet, so the coins have not reflected. Is this something i need to be concerned about? Do i just wait for it to finish and then see if they appear? I did use the address the wallet gave me.


texts:
When exactly does the receiving party receives their payment.
When the transaction is validated or when the transaction is added to a block?


texts: I am looking for datasets of trade history, which contains the following information: date-time, buy/sell, price. The currency pair and exchange is not important.


texts: How DNS Seeds node maintain the list of addresses?

texts: On bitcoin peer node discovery, the client issues DNS requests to learn about the addresses of other peer nodes. My question is how does this DNS directed service provider learn about all the addresses in the first place?


texts: Install bitcoin core on debian jessie error

texts:
I have to install bitcoin core to use op_return library.
But I have difficulties to install correctly bitcoin core.

First I run the command sudo apt-add-repository ppa:bitcoin/bitcoin

Second I enter this command: apt-get update

But I have error :

 Err http://ppa.launchpad.net jessie/main amd64 Packages
 Err http://ppa.launchpad.net jessie/main amd64 Packages
 Err http://ppa.launchpad.net jessie/main amd64 Packages
 Err http://ppa.launchpad.net jessie/main amd64 Packages
 Err http://ppa.launchpad.net jessie/main amd64 Packages
404  Not Found

 W: Failed to fetch http:/ppa.launchpad.net/bitcoin/bitcoin/ubuntu/dists/jessie/main/binary-amd64/Packages  404  Not Found

 E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

So when I want to do this : apt-get install bitcoin-qt
I have : E: Unable to locate package bitcoin-qt

What can I do?


texts: Where is the code making OP_RETURN a standard transaction type?

texts:
I am looking through the bitcoin github history. I am trying to find the commit where OP_RETURN became accepted as a standard tx. This was included in the changelog for Bitcoin Core 0.90. Any help would be appreciated.

I'm looking through the Script Solver and see where OP_RETURN is included as a type in the template, but don't see where it returns true for any null data case.

Thanks.


texts: What is the difference between a "trusted", "verified" and other accounts at MtGox? In order to get "verified", one needs to provide them with photo ID and utility bill, but how does one get "trusted"?


texts: Armory Closing after Building Databases completes

texts:
I am having trouble with opening Armory today, after the 'building databases' portion completes, armory automatically closes itself. When I reopen it, it says Bitcoin-QT must be killed. So I kill that and Armory closes again after the databases and scans.

I don't understand why this is happening and I am seeking possible solutions.


texts: Merkle Root for Block 100000: calculation in Excel


texts: Can unrelated people know the private key of a multisig address?

texts:
After a multisig address is created, can one of the private keys of that address be known by an unrelated person and the security of that address still remain uncompromised?

My understanding being that nobody would be able to spend from that address without the other signatures


texts: why does my bitcoin wallet not access funds in my coinbase portfolio?

texts: I bought and sold Bitcoin on coinbase which is now in my portfolio. How do I recover the portfolio money? I tried Bitcoin wallet but it only accesses the active Bitcoin, not the funds in my portfolio.


texts: How can I view my wallet private key using Blockchain

texts:
I have a newly created account at Blockchain and have read through a lot of tutorials explaining how to display a private key from a wallet stored on Blockchain. None of them are accurate to the current Blockchain UI.

I just want to view my wallet's private key. It is not a watch only wallet, I have full access to transfer funds from this wallet.

I believe other wallet clients can do this easily and it seems according to the vast number of old tutorials available Blockchain.info used to be able to do this.

[Edit]
I have solved this question myself and I will be posting a detailed answer to it soon.


texts: Is the index db downloaded from peers or generated locally?

texts:
When the user start the Bitcoin client for the first time, it will download the whole blockchain.
But what about the block index (blkindex.dat in older versions) ?
Is it downloaded from peers just like the blockchain or generated locally from the downloaded blockchain?
Then, does it depend upon the implementation (or version) or will the answer be the same for Bitcoin, Litecoin, or other random fork?
The version I talk about is an old fork that is still using blkindex.dat.


texts: How to get the MPK using bitcoinj and how to generate the addresses using the MPK?

texts: I am trying to get the MPK of a wallet using bitcoinj. Can I get the DeterministicSeed, which is the seed of the wallet and get the MnemonicCode of 12 words. But I can't get the MPK. As I can make it using bitcoinj?


texts: what is the fastest free way to get at least 1 satoshi

texts:
I know CPU mining uses more power than its worth.  I know GPU mining uses more power than its worth.  Yadda yadda.  Regardless, I have a spare server, my home internet is on an unlimited plan, and electricity is included in my rent, so...

As a learning exercise, I have been running headless bitcoind for several weeks.  I have also run it on testnet3 at times, and used online testnet3 BTC faucets to get testnet3 BTC to my bitcoin-core testnet3 wallet.  I have also played with the command line RPC interface for querying the blockchain, the wallet, etc.

Now I would like to do similar with (non-testnet3) BTC.

However the faucet I tried is "giving" me like 23 Satoshi (within their internal account register) per captcha, with 1 h wait for next try, and 30,000 Satoshi payout limit, and 3,000 withdraw fee.  This will take 54 d if I visit it every hour 24x7.

And with the mining pool I tried (slushpool with bfgminer compiled from source with CPU, GPU mining enabled), I don't entirely understand the pool's nor miner's interface.  The miner claims to be working at 6 Mhash/s, while the pool at first seemed to be saying 0 hash/s.  But after 24 h, it seems to show 1 blip in its graph where there was momentarily 1 active worker, and the hash rate blipped up to 427 Mhash/s and then decayed back to 0 over about 1 h.  I suppose this represents the completion of 1 share but I don't see a way to set a lower difficulty than the default 128 (and haven't read enough about pools and shares yet to understand how that would help anyway).  The pool has a minimum payout of 0.1 BTC and thus estimates my time to next payout at 48 y.

What other free method can I use to get at least 1 Satoshi into my wallet sooner than the above?  Are there faucets or pools or other methods that are several orders of magnitude faster than this, such that I could complete my experiment in a day or two?

Note, please exclude answers that boil down to "mine altcoin and convert to BTC".  Also I've implied in my question (in addition to my hardware, electricity, and bandwidth being considered free) that my time, by mentioning faucets which mostly have captchas, is free.  However let's not extend that to "design a web site and charge in BTC".  And obviously not "buy BTC on exchange" as that is not free.  Also I don't mind if the transaction fee is exorbitant, e.g. I do the captcha equivalent of 2 Satoshi and only get 1 Satoshi.


texts: secp256k1 lib compiling issue "invalid use of incomplete type secp256k1_context"

texts:
I make a small test code (test.cpp), try to show the problem I meet:
to compile use
g++ -o test test.cpp -lsecp256k1
#include <stdio.h>
#include "secp256k1.h"

static secp256k1_context_t *ctx = NULL;

int main(int argc, char **argv) {

ctx = secp256k1_context_create(SECP256K1_CONTEXT_VERIFY | SECP256K1_CONTEXT_SIGN);
printf("Context created!\n");
secp256k1_context_t *ctx_clone;
ctx_clone = secp256k1_context_clone(ctx);
printf("Context cloned!\n");

/* if enable below two lines of code the compliling error will happen */
// secp256k1_ecmult_context_t* clone_ecm_ctx;
// secp256k1_ecmult_context_clone(clone_ecm_ctx, &ctx->ecmult_ctx);

secp256k1_context_destroy(ctx_clone);
secp256k1_context_destroy(ctx);
printf("Context destroyed!\n");

return 0;
}

Without the two comments out code I will not have issue.
If with two comments out code, the complier will report that:
test.cpp:15:51: error: invalid use of incomplete type 'secp256k1_context_t {aka struct secp256k1_context_struct}'
 secp256k1_ecmult_context_clone(clone_ecm_ctx, &ctx->ecmult_ctx);
                                                   ^~
In file included from test.cpp:2:0:
/usr/local/include/secp256k1.h:50:16: note: forward declaration of 'secp256k1_context_t {aka struct secp256k1_context_struct}'
 typedef struct secp256k1_context_struct secp256k1_context_t;
                ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

That looks like I can not operate the context struct internal member (because of the opaque struct), however, my code indeed need to access the struct inside of the context struct, for exp, the below code will trig a similar compiling error:
secp256k1_ecdsa_sig_verify(&ctx->ecmult_ctx, &r1, &s1, &q, &m)
is there any workaround there?


texts: Why doesn't Lightning have DNS bootstrapping?

texts:
Bitcoin uses a DNS-based bootstrapping mechanism to help new nodes find peers. As far as I'm aware, Lightning doesn't have such mechanism, and new users are supposed to just search for node addresses on the web (or use nodes maintained / recommended by their wallet developers, or whatever).

What is the rationale behind this design decision?