texts:
I have been using the Bitcoin Wiki to know more about the CHECKSIG, and the graphic which is shown there.

This question will be rather long, but it would already help me a lot if you could just read my description and just let me know if I am correct or wrong.

My question is regarding how to calculate the hash (from the serialized transaction) which is then signed.

Generally the way I understand it, we first create a new raw transaction with input and outputs with pubKeyScripts.

Then to create the signature, we copy the pubKeyScript from the transaction we are spending into the SigScript at the input of our new transaction. Then we serialize the new transaction, appending to the string the hashType (SIGHASH_ALL/SIGHASH_NONE, etc.) and then create the signature for that string.

Then we clear the SigScript and put the public key and signature into the SigScript and have a signed transaction. When the bitcoin network validates the transaction it will create the serialized transaction string in a smiliar manner and check that the signature delivered in the SigScript of the new transaction is for the calculated string (and from the correct private key).

First of all is this correct? And if so, why is the pubKeyScript of the transaction we are spending used when calculating the serialized string of the new transaction we want to sign?

The new transaction is already referncing the ID of the spending transaction in the input of the new one. Therefore I cannot see why it is useful to also temporary copy the pubKeyScript of the spending transaction into the SigScript of the new transaction to make the signature?

Furthermore, I was trying to look in the source code from Bitcoin to find out what happens. I am not a programmer, escpecially not in C++. But I found out that the signature is checked here:
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/48efbdbe986355bd2478f0fdd366b20952fbf30a/src/script/interpreter.cpp#L847

The referehnce to "scriptCode" in line 838, which is used as argument to checker.CheckSig() seems to contain only the pubKeyScript from the transaction being spend (without input, outputs, etc. from the new transaction?).

I was not able to find out where exactly in the source code the function checker.CheckSig() is defined.

But does checker.CheckSig calculate the serialized transaction as I have described above by adding the scriptCode into the SigScript and serialize it? If so do you know where in the source code that happens?

I hope you can give me some inputs to it. Thank you!


texts: Will a new block be found immediately, when there are enough transactions to fill a block?

texts:
I am trying understand the Bitcoin verification process.
What happens, if a new block has not been found and there are enough transactions waiting to fill the current block size limit?

Will a new block be automatically created, or will we all be waiting for the new block?


texts: (Shouldn't be too hard) Where vanitygen checks if the random address starts with the expected pattern?

texts:
I've been trying the find the code in Vanitygen that does checks whether the generated address starts with the expected pattern.

Vanitygen repo: https://github.com/samr7/vanitygen

What I currently know:

vg_output_match_console is called when the generated address starts with the expected pattern.
vg_exec_context_calc_address generates the address as a byte array, which is probably used.
get_prefix_ranges finds the range of the bignum of the address we want to generate, such that all bignums in that range start with the expected prefix.
vg_encode_address generates the address in Base58, however is run only at the end.
vg_prefix_avl_search seems to be an important part (that does what?)


texts: How are Ripple transaction fees "destroyed?"

texts: What is the exact process by which the transaction fees are "destroyed?" Are they sent to a special account, or simply erased from the ledger?


texts: Download only first few blocks of blockchain

texts: Is there an archive location or a place where I could be able to download only the first few hundred blocks of the block chain?


texts: What are the maximum useful memory limits for a Bitcoind full node?

texts:
In contrast to this question about running Bitcoind in a low-memory environment, I have an opposite use-case.
I want to run a bitcoind full node (no wallet) on a Linux server with lots of memory but not particularly fast disks. What are the maximum useful memory constraints (dbcache=, maxmempool= and total amount of page cache) that you can give to bitcoind to maximize its performance? That is, at which point does giving more memory to bitcoind start yielding diminished returns?


texts: What OpenCL video cards (or FPGAs) are best for multiplication?

texts:
I'm benchmarking some Bitcoin related software and am looking for cards that are better at parallel multiplication vs parallel addition.

Is there any prior work that may have this information? Perhaps for mining?
What GPU features should I look for?
I read that FPGAs may offer this ability, are any available?


texts:
I just followed the instruction to run full node in Ubuntu using the below bitcoin.org link.
https://bitcoin.org/en/full-node#ubuntu-1610
How do I verify if the full node in PC is active and running? Thanks!


texts: Are "1" , "3" and "Bech" Addresses (BTC) forward and backward compatible?

texts: Wondering if lets say someone has funds in Bech32 and they send to a "1" or "3" address due to less characters to remember ect.


texts: Creating a Bitcoin online wallet service

texts:
My question is this:  Lets say I wanted to create a bitcoin site, where users register and can deposit bitcoins into their account. should i  use my MPK to generate infinite addresses, so after a user deposits into the address, a new address is automatically generated for that user. and if the user deposits to the old address can It be traced?

Also how would the user be able to withdraw their balance in only their account? I don't want my priv key exposed.  And how can the site fees be deducted from each transaction with out the user beign able to withdraw that as well, And how would i implement a escrow service for the site so the seller offers service and the buyer buys but the coins are stored until the buyer says release or my staff see that it should be released to the right person.

also how can I set up a multi-sig on the site  for those users that choose to use it?

a site similar to what am referring to is www.localbitcoins.com

And am not the talented programmer making the site, so I am safe giving him my MPK? Or what is "safe" for me to give him?


texts: Why are there so many recipients when I send money from one exchange to another?

texts:
So I sent BTC from my Bybit wallet to Coinbase wallet.
The transaction was successful and I was looking at the blockchain explorer and it had one sender address with an amount different to what I sent and it had so many other recipient addresses listing different amounts. I saw my transaction amongst the various transactions listed in the hash.
Why am I seeing so many transactions with different amounts and is the senders address my address or Bybit?
I am new to BTC and a total noob, please help me make sense of this.
Thank you!


texts:
I tried to import my private key from the BTC Core Wallet into another wallet because it doesn't work anymore, it says that there is no fund, even if it is 100%, as I can see on the Explorer.

I really need help. My Btc Core wallet is not running, but I was able to open a new wallet with my Dat.dat file and check my private key, it's all correct.


texts: Is there a standard procedure for refunding Bitcoin transactions?

texts:
I work for an online retailer, and we're currently testing a Coinbase payment implementation for our checkout. One of our big concerns is being able to send a refund in the event that we're unable to ship an item on time, or if a customer cancels an order, or for whatever other reason.

There are a few things that I've managed to find out, but I'm still confused.

Coinbase's API (relevant docs here and here) doesn't seem to have a way for us to find the address of the wallet or account that the payment for an order was sent from.
Even if it did have a "Sender Address" response, this question/answer makes it pretty clear that using that would probably not be a good idea.

So what options do we have for issuing a refund? I can think of at least a few... each has its own downsides though.

If an order can't be delivered on time, contact them and ask for an address to send BTC to.

We do get contact information (Phone, Email, and Address) when they check out - but we can't perfectly verify it.
We may be stuck in limbo if we can't get in touch with the customer.

At checkout, ask for an address to send any refunds to with a "just in case" note explaining why we're asking for that.

As far as I know, nobody does this.
Some users may have privacy concerns when they see us asking for a wallet address.

Mail a check for dollar value of the transaction to the address provided at checkout.

Again, we do get a customer's address - but we can't verify it to be 100% accurate.
Let's be honest, this really doesn't seem like a good idea at all.

Are there better ways? Is there, universe willing, a standard way of refunding transactions?


texts: why we can't delete the trust line with ripple?

texts:
We can add trust line in our ripple wallet, but there is no option to delete this.
The only way we can do is just set the limit to 0.

why is this and what is the benefit from this design?


texts: Needing to recover husband's bitcoin account

texts: My husband passed away a few weeks ago and he had a bitcoin account. Is there any way that I can recover that and transfer it?


texts: What are the security considerations for hosting *your own* Electrum server?

texts:
Lets say I wanted to use an electrum client but I'm so paranoid and also can't or won't read and understand python code so that I only trust my own server.

What security considerations should I have in mind? eg: Do I need to add any encryption to the filesystem to protect the wallets that are being served?

Do you gain security by validating with other servers? Given extreme levels of paranoia should you even trust other servers?


texts: Does the miner machine get any other type of reward except confirmation of transaction in bitcoin?(The answer precedes another question)


texts:
I've done some research and understand that I'm supposed to post in a newbie forum and wait a while, as a newly registered user.

But I can't seem to find the newbie forum.  Does anyone know which top-level forum it lives under?

In fact, no matter where I am, there's always a big banner on my screen saying I can't post.  When I click "How to Enable Posting," it says there's an error: bitcoind is offline.

I tried to find a way to contact some staff member.  No luck.  In fact, my private messaging section says I'm not allowed to send messages.

Any idea would be appreciated.


texts: Is there a list of states that the kraken exchange is currently doing business in?


texts: What is the difference between BFT and PBFT

texts:
What are the differences between BFT and PBFT?

I want to know the difference between these two concepts.

If there is any improvement in the BFT's limitations, let me know.

Please answer. Thank you.


texts:
Can you explain malleability issue, please?

This is what I read here: https://qz.com/175565/why-nobody-can-withdraw-bitcoins-from-one-of-the-currencys-largest-exchanges/

"When a transaction record is sent out to the network of bitcoin miners, it’s possible for a hacker to tweak it enough to change the hash, but not enough to make the transfer invalid. One of the ways the hacker can do this is by slightly modifying the digital signature in a way that it is still recognized as the right signature, but, again, results in a completely different hash."

I can't understand how, say, Bob can change Alice's signature in a Alice->Bob transaction if that signature doesn't belong to him in the first place.


texts: Altcoin Wallet Warning: Virus Alert Coinstealer in it! Why?

texts:
I have compiled this Altcoin completetly from Source:

https://github.com/globaltoken/globaltoken

After i got a Compiled .exe File I uploaded it to Virustotal.
The Result was nothing, Clean Wallet :)

Some days later i checked again the same file and got this:

Why does it shows Coinstealer now?
The Source Code is based on Bitcoin and is visible on Github, where should this Files be in Source what are infected an includes "Coinstealer"?

Thanks in advance.


texts: Should I use getwork or getblocktemplate

texts: I am working on an fpga mining device just for fun. I realized that there is a getblocktemplate function which replaces the getwork Json-rpc call. So do I need to switch over to it and change all the code or can I continue using it . Will getwork be removed from bitcoin later or will it still be supported?


texts: Finding nonce resulting in more zeros than the target

texts:
This might be a wrong question(I am new to understanding bitcoin details). But I want to ask this:
 What happens if one node finds nonce value that results in way more leading zeros than expected by the target?


texts: How is time measured in the context of updates to mining difficulty?

texts:
So I understand that difficulty increases by some algorithm calculated every 2016 blocks. But my understanding is that this algorithm attempts to set a difficulty such that the average time it takes to mine a block is about 10 minutes. My understanding of verifiable time is that the only way to measure a time in minutes is by using trusted timestamping, which I assume bitcoin doesn't do (since it's not supposed to trust anyone).

So my question is, how does the bitcoin protocol measure time in seconds or minutes in order to determine what the difficulty should be?

I'm reading here that "every Bitcoin client compares the actual time it took to generate these blocks with the two week goal and modifies the target by the percentage difference". How does every bitcoin client affect the difficulty set by the network? Is this a scenario where there's minimum and maximum bounds on difficulty and any difficulty within those bounds is accepted by nodes in the network? Or is the calculation of difficulty something discrete and precise?


texts: Use Expect scripts to monitor and control bitcoin-core

texts:
I'm thinking about an Expect script to monitor and control my bitcoin-core client (on Linux).
Who has experience, is there already a set of scripts and/or what are your thoughts?


texts: Open Source Hardware For Air Gapped Computer?

texts:
I'm looking for vetted open source computer hardware that can run Armory air gapped.

Anyone know of such vetted hardware sources?


texts: Explain how unused addresses in wallet.dat have no balance when mining occurred for many months

texts:
I have a wallet.dat file with many zero transaction/(unused) addresses in it with keys assigned to each address.  I’ve done research and there’s quite a bit of info about mining back in the day (2013-2015) say but what people don’t explain is when someone solved a block and thus got rewarded 12.5 bitcoins, and when the bitcoins are saved in a wallet, how can the unused addresses in a wallet.dat file have no balance when checked with blockchain.info?  Where are the bitcoins that were mined and why do the addresses have no balances? Why were all these addresses created in the wallet.dat file?
There is a disconnect between a miner’s reward of bitcoin he earned while mining and what is in his wallet and unused addresses showing zero balances. I am having trouble understanding the relationship with mined bitcoin, unused addresses with assigned keys in a wallet.dat file, and having zero balances when checked with blockchain.info


texts: Does slippage occur on MtGox when 'Market Order' is unchecked?

texts:
If you were to uncheck the 'Market Order' box and buy 10 at 110USD, the order can be partially filled by 1 at 110USD and there are 9 more for sale at 113USD, the matching system would partially fill your order and then wait, right?

Does "slippage" only occur because of market orders?


texts: What is this 18-word seed of random letters?

texts:
I have a seed from a few years ago that looks like this:
this is not the actual seed, but it's random letters just like this:
nasd oasi lksn oifd nwee ckvj osdi pwer asem
pasd werw nase nwqe noas pmrr nolv psme ksdw

How can I recover the wallet?


texts: How to make sure that bidders in an auction have sufficient Bitcoin without storing money for them?

texts:
I am new to bitcoin programming, and want to build some apps to get more familiar with it.

What I am curious is, how could I implement a basic auction site.

I want to make it as automated as possible. So, the basic process would be:

There would be a countdown for the bidding. Users can then send bitcoins to me (or say they will pay that amount?)
The person that has said they will pay the most at the end wins and everyone else gets their bitcoins back.

Some things that worry me:

I want it to be secure. Ideally, to bid I don't have to store all of your bitcoins on my server while the auction is on, but I still want to make sure you have the amount needed to bid. Is that possible? One way, like many seem to do, is to have users load up an account with bitcoins and then bid, but ideally, I'd like to not have to store the users bitcoins just in case they do not want to trust me.

Whatever happens, I want it to be automated. So at the end all the users get their coins back that lost, the winner automatically gets their bid taken from them.

Any thoughts on this? It looks like something like this could be implemented with Bitcoin Scripts but those are not quite implemented fully yet, correct?

Any help/thoughts would be awesome!


texts: Tool to generate graphical DAG from a seed

texts:
I'd like to have a tool that generates a graphical DAG display from addresses generated from a seed.

In particular to distinguish which transactions are for "receive" addresses, and which are for "change" addresses.

The motivation is to make it easy to distinguish the origin of coins before spending.

A command line tool to generate eg. dot files would do. Any suggestions?


texts: Are bitcoins “stored” on phones? Or we only see data on the blockchain?

texts: I'm confused. BTC or other crypto currencies are not stored on phones/computers right? On Wallets we ONLY see the amount of BTC or currency that belongs to us, but there is nothing being "stored” right?


texts: Why did Litecoin choose the scrypt factors that they did?

texts:
Litecoin uses the scrypt factors (N=1024, r=1, p=1) This means that each hashing thread takes 128kB of memory. The scrypt paper recommends r=8.
Colin Percival, the creator of scrypt, has said:

Q: are you into #litecoin at all?
A: I'm aware of it, and I'm aware that they used scrypt poorly (not enough RAM usage).  That's the limit of my knowledge.
Q: I'm considering enhancing #litecoin. How is scrypt being used poorly? Maybe I can help improve it
A: I'd suggest talking to @solardiz about this -- my knowledge of how litecoin misuses scrypt comes mostly from him. The 1-tweet summary is that scrypt is designed to achieve security by using lots of RAM, and litecoin doesn't use lots of RAM.

Is there a technical justification for such a low N and r?


texts: What key is show after 'Scan addresses for funds' in Copay?

texts: After importing / restoring with 12 phrase, balance was still 0.00, so as others said I pressed "Settings" > "Wallet" > "More Options" > "Wallet Addresses" > "Scan addresses for funds". Got 3 address, one what I was looking for. Balance is still 0.00, but I could copy a key. Is this key the private key? Or the address of the wallet? How can I get back my money with this key?


texts: What is the composition of transaction types in current blocks?

texts:
What types of transactions do we see in blocks today and how much of the blockspace do they occupy?

I.e. does someone have data how much of the blocks are Pay to PubKey Hash, Pay to PubKey, Pay to Script Hash,…?

I've found A survey of Bitcoin Transaction Types, but it's from April 2014 and outdated.


texts: Pros and cons of using Mt. Gox as an e-wallet

texts:
Mt. Gox obviously allows you to send bitcoins to it, and to receive them to an address of your choice; hence I'm wondering if there is any reason not to use it as an e-wallet.

Unless I'm mistaken, it's much bigger (by far) than any other bitcoin exchange, bank or proper e-wallet, so we can reasonably expect it being more secure, supported and safe.

Why should I use a specialised e-wallet instead?


texts: I'm using a Bitcoin Miner on Btc Guild. It's showing 12 Accepted, 0 Rejected. What does that mean?


texts: Do I need N confirmations if I'm only worried about the transfer getting invalidated by a different block?

texts: Say I ask Bob a lot of bitcoins in exchange for an expensive product. Bob sends it to me and I wait 1 confirmation to send him the product, because I trust Bob. I am only worried about the transaction being invalidated by a block that doesn't contain it getting solved. How can I determine a "safe" number of confirmations as to make that risk negligible? When I read about the "6 confirmations" thing it's always about preventing double-spending, and some even say that if you trust the other part you don't even need confirmations. Wouldn't that (zero confirmations) put the receiver in great risk of having the transfer invalidated?


texts: Could Blockchain be used for a different currency, leaving bitcoin behind?

texts: I’ve seen articles lately that many large banks including, HSBC, Deutsche Bank, Citigroup, and Bank of America are exploring the use of Blockchain. Knowing these banks, they would surely love to use their own currency instead of bitcoin. Given this, could Blockchain used for a different currency, leaving bitcoin behind?


texts: Quadratic hashing problem: Why not just create new OP code "CHECKSIG2" to fix?

texts:
Why can't "we" fix the quadratic hashing problem with OP_CHECKSIG with a soft fork?

Update NO_OPx to OP_CHECKSIG2 with soft fork, where OP_CHECKSIG2 doesn't quadratically hash (uses a single tx hash of all data for each input maybe?). Create a new transaction type for the new process like P2SH and after wide enough network adoption, soft-fork to invalidate any old OP_CHECKSIG transactions the way BIP 66 worked?

Or is there a fundamental problem with my assumption that "uses a single tx hash of all data for each input maybe" is possible at all?


texts: When do miners stop waiting for new transactions?

texts:
I know my question might sound familiar to the question as follow:
When does a miner decide to stop collecting transactions and start calculating hashes to try to win?

But actually, the reply marked as answer in that topic didn't answer the question: when will miners stop waiting/listening to new transactions?

According the answer in the link above, miners will start calculating nonce number but as far as I know, the nonce number is result of hash calculation of block header. Since the block header contains the hash of the merkle tree's root which is generated by all the transactions included in the block, so waiting and adding new transactions means the hash of the merkle tree's root will keep changing so how can miners determine to stop and concentrate in 'mining' the nonce from a stable source of transactions (or merkle tree's root hash)?

Let's simplify the questions by an example in case you cannot understand my language: miner A receives transaction a1 and then start calculating the nonce number for 1 minute (let's assume that in this period of time, there's no new transactions come and interrupt the process) but then a transaction a2 arrives, what will miner A do? Adding a2 into the candidate block, getting new hash of merkle tree's root and restarting to find the nonce number? Or just ignore the transaction a2? If A chooses to ignore new transactions to be included, can anybody tell me when it will do that (assume all of the transactions collected are not larger than the MAX_BLOCK_SIZE constant)?

Any replies or explainations for some of my questions are highly appreciated. Thank you!!


texts: How do I find a pubkey and the nbits value to generate a genesis block?

texts:
I am hoping to create a new cryptocurrency from a Bitcoin fork, mostly for learning, and a little bit of fun. I roughly followed this answer to get as far as I am, but the genesis generator requires a pubkey and an nBits param, and I have no idea how to get these.

Any advice or resources pertaining to those parameters or cryptocurrency creation in general would be great.


texts: How are offers matched up on Ripple trades?

texts:
I'm trying to better understand how buy and sell offers work on the Ripple network.

Let's say Alice creates a new Ripple currency, calls it XYZ, and describes it to her friends Bob and Carol.

Bob loves the new XYZ currency.  He submits an offer to buy 1 XYZ for 3 XRP.

Carol merely likes XYZ.  She offers to buy 1 XYZ for just 1 XRP.

That's the set up.  I'm wondering what happens in the following cases...

What if Alice offers to sell 2 XYZ for 4 XRP?  Will the ripple network transfer 1 XYZ each to Bob and Carol?  Or, must Alice wait until someone offers to buy exactly the number of XYZ she is selling?

What if instead Alice offers to sell just 1 XYZ for 2 XRP?  Only Bob's offer of 3 XRP meets the price. But will Bob spend just 2 XRP (what Alice asked) or 3 XRP (what he offered)?

Finally, what if Alice offers to sell just 1 XYZ for 1 XRP? Will she end up with 3 XRP from Bob, 1 XRP from Bob, or 1 XRP from Carol?


texts:
I bought bitcoin from Simplex two days ago but now when I check the blockchain.info website I face to "No transactions found for this address, it has probably not been used on the network yet" error. I will really appreciate it if someone can help me. Is that normal or maybe the problem comes from the seller?

Thanks


texts: What can I do if I suspect that my Mycelium word list backup has been compromised?

texts:
When creating a backup with the Mycelium app, it gives me a list of 12 words which are used as some form of seed which I am supposed to write down and store in a safe place. Anyone with access to this word list can access any current and future funds in the wallet.

Well, what if my safe place gets compromised and the list of words stolen - can I somehow cancel the backup and generate a new one? Or would I need to set up a new wallet and transfer my funds there and just abandon the old one?


texts: pycrypto or libssl not found, decryption may be slow

texts:
My wallet.dat file is corrupted and everytime i try to run Wallet QT client will shut down as unexpected error and i have no longer access at my wallet on this way.

I have tried to dump private keys through pywallet but everytime i execute commands it shows pywallet or libssl not found...

Actually i don't have much experience with this, Downloaded openssl and pycrypto then extracted both files to C:\Python27 , im doing this wrong if yes please help me to setup.


texts: ZCash z-addr timestamp missing in transaction history

texts:
I am calling the following command to get transaction history

zcash-cli z_listreceivedbyaddress "ztMTTKVFt3YFzJDn4ADhox9q7gbyUekKsCgzWSfNkqCPVbrstDXNTmy5zHHWiKQcrMUMQZqiTE2pdGE7kXiox73EFGNnYnb"

And I am getting the following response

[
  {
    "txid": "f419d49685ba77099f39094ff52ef81d082eac74f4e0a2cdead9b3a51b4b243c",
    "amount": 1.00000000,
    "memo": "5468616e6b7320"
  }
]

Now I need to get an additional field like timestamp. Is there any public api for zcash z-addr from where I can get full transaction history including timestamp?

Please help me.


texts: How are newly created bitcoins are validated?

texts:
I'm trying to understand how Bitcoin works but there's a concept I can't get my head around.

I understand that transactions are validated by checking the signatures of each input is valid. However how do you validate new bitcoins or rewards that have entered the system through mining if these don't contain any any inputs?

For example if you're checking a transactions inputs are valid eventually you'll reach the point when the inputs were originally mined, so how would you know these were created legitimately?


texts: What does "proof of reserves" and "proof of liabilities" mean?

texts:
What is a brief way of describing what proof of reserves and proof of liabilities mean?
What is their difference?

I have searched and read but I haven't got it yet.
Is it done by an auditor? Is it an audit?


texts: What is the difference between "native segwit" and "bech32"?

texts: People seem to be using "native segwit" and "bech32" interchangeably. Are they really the same thing?


texts: In Getwork, how does one calculate the value of Hash1?

texts:
(I know the hash1 and midstate are eventually going to be deprecated, but I'm a little curious about them)

In Getwork there is a field hash1. From a sample call to bitcoind I received its value as:

'hash1': '00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000'

How exactly is hash1's value calculated?


texts:
I have just recently built a mining rig. The problem I am running into is that cgminer will randomly "freeze" while mining. When I say freeze cgminer will just stop accepting shares and the GPU data will stop updating; however, I am still able to issue the 'Q' command, but it does not work. I have tried everything I could think of to attempt to fix this problem. Re installing Xubuntu, lowering memclock, lowering engineclock, lowering intensity, lowering thread-concurrency, increasing voltage, upgrading/downgrading cgminer, etc. The odd thing is the fact that none of the cards crash or go sick before cgminer freezes, and you see no increase of GPU temps when cgminer does crash. The period of mining before crash seems to be completely random. It has crashed 30 seconds after startup and it has crashed 4 hours in (which was the longest uptime and it was on a higher memclock and engine clock than I am on now). To me this makes no sense why it would be crashing at all, for the cards seem perfectly stable with the settings.

System Specs:
CPU: FX 4130 quad core @ 3.8GHz, 8 MB Total Cache
PSU: HALE90 V2 1200W
GFX: 4x PowerColor HD7970 3GB GDDR5
RAM: Ballistix (by crucial) 4gb DDR3 1600MHz
SSD: SanDisk 64GB 6Gb/s
MOBO: 970 Extreme4 Socket AM3+ ATX AMD motherboard
OS: Xubuntu 12.10 x86_64

cgminer Start Parameters (start.sh script):
export DISPLAY=:0
export GPU_MAX_ALLOC_PERCENT=100
export GPU_USE_SYNC_OBJECTS=1
./cgminer --scrypt -o http://poolurl.com:8080 -u username -p password -I 13 -g 2 -w 256 --auto-fan --temp-target 70 --temp-overheat 85 --gpu-fan 75-90 --thread-concurrency 8192 --gpu-engine 1106 --gpu-memclock 1825 --lookup-gap 2 --gpu-powertune 20

cgminer version is 3.7.2.

If you need any more information just ask. Any help will be appreciated, for I am absolutely stumped on what is causing the problem.

Thank you,
    Kyle


texts: How do I read the time field from the json-rpc calls from bitcoind?

texts: The JSON-RPC would return the time in this format "time": 1346289025. How exactly do I read it? I don't know what  kind of format it is. So what time is 1346289025?


texts:
If I lose my wallet and private key does that effectively remove bitcoin from the market forever?

I understand that if I lose my wallet and have no record of my private key then I won't be able to re-establish my wallet. Does this mean that effectively the content of the lost wallet is lost forever to myself and the market?


texts: I know my address but can't remember which site it's from

texts: I signed up for a bunch of different wallets because I didn't know which one was the best. I have 2.5 bit coins in a wallet that I don't know how to get. I know my wallet address, but can't remember which site it's from. Can someone help me, please?


texts: So let's assume I don't care about energy consumption and mining the famous reward for discovered block. Is it possible to set up a workstation optimized to harvest just the transaction fees? Do I need to participate in a pool and run mining software?


texts: Reason for Mininig a block without transaction

texts:
I came to know that there are people who mine a new block without any transaction. I understand that this is just to get the block reward.

Reference   https://www.blockchain.com/btc/block/0000000000000000004e9b0f16eccf2462eaea0023e842e9c5f17ea6d404b74c

Question .

What is the problem if they include the transactions in it.
Why does the Bitcoin client protocol allow empty blocks?


texts: (How) can I run standard clients on a "toy" block chain?

texts:
Say I build some software around the Bitcoin system and I would like to try stuff without having to earn real BTC first, and without having to employ a lot of hashing power to grow the block chain.

As I understand it, the bitcoin clients connect to the network to get the authoritative block chain, so it seems I can't set up a toy network easily. Or can I? I would assume developers of the clients would need some way of testing their software.

While I am a software developer, and familiar with stuff like modifying source and rebuilding the client, the point of this exercise would be to run unaltered clients in a dummy environment.


texts:
The standard Bitcoin client in version 0.6 apparently introduces compressed keys.

What are they? Are there any drawbacks to using them? Any incompatibilities with older software? Reductions in cryptographic strength?


texts:
I would like to add New Israeli Shekels (ILS) into Ripple.

How do I go about doing that?

To clarify, when I try to enter ILS in the Trust page, it doesn't recognize it.

I see that I can still add it, and in fact add arbitrary currencies such as XYZ (Ripple shorterns whatever I enter in the currency box to three letters if it doesn't recognize it).

Why doesn't ILS appear in the autocomplete box?
What does it mean that I trust someone with 1 XYZ or ZYX?


texts: What are the sources of entropy in blockchain

texts:
I have little understanding of what entropy is and its specific role in blockchain. What I understand is that they're sources of randomness.
From that, I'm able to infer these sources in blockchain will/can be:

The randomness/unpredictability of getting the correct nonce to get a hash below the target value
The non-predictability of the transactions that will be picked from the transaction pool to form a candidate block.
The separate hashes of each [leaf] transaction, their hashes with a paired transaction and the final Merkle root hash.

Is this an appropriate interpretation and application of entropy?


texts: How do virtual size, stripped size and raw size compare between legacy address formats and native segwit?

texts: This answer states that SegWit doesn't reduce transaction size.  If this is true, why is it cheaper to send a SegWit transaction?


texts: How to open a corporate account on Bitstamp?

texts:
I am trying to open a corporate account on Bitstamp, but there are so many questions to answer, is there any easy way to get approved?

How are you supposed to answer: Is your business regulated for AML? If so, what is your specific policy? Specifically, how do you perform KYC for your customers?


texts:
I was trying to run my own private bitcoin network, so I downloaded the source and compiled it, then I started two bitcoind instances in two docker contains, and I made sure they did not connect to outside network, used -connect=0 -dns=0 -dnsseed=0, and then -addnode to specify other node's ip and port. When I then tried to run a local miner, the RPC getblocktemplate always return Bitcoin is downloading blocks.... By looking at the source, it looks it won't pass this line:

// in IsInitialBlockDownlaod
if (chainActive.Tip()->nChainWork < nMinimumChainWork) {
     return true;
}

the definition is found in chainparams.cpp:

// The best chain should have at least this much work.
consensus.nMinimumChainWork = uint256S("0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000f91c579d57cad4bc5278cc");

What does this mean? What is nMinimumChainWork for? And what is the hardcoded hex number, by searching blockchain.info it is not a block hash.


texts: Unconfirmed transaction for over five days

texts: I sent a transaction to someone that makes use of quidax wallet, from my blockchain, and for over five days it has not being confirmed, what could Happened and is it possible for me to get back my fund


texts: Does anyone have insight into how Coinbase calculates the number of confirmations for a transaction?

texts:
When you compare number of confirmations for a transaction by hash using Coinbase vs using Blockchain.info, Coinbase is always ~10 confirmations below Blockchain. Does anyone know why?

I'm using the two resources below to compare. Coinbase's transaction details page requires authentication, so compare using a transaction from your own wallet.
https://coinbase.com/network/transactions/TRX_HASH
http://blockchain.info/tx/TRX_HASHd


texts: Possible to run a Lightning node on same computer as Bitcoin Core node?

texts: I have a Windows 10 laptop that is running a full Bitcoin node using Bitcoin Core. Is it possible to also run a Lightning node on the same laptop simultaneously with the Bitcoin node?


texts: It appears that bitcoin addresses using p2sh keys have a different prefix to that of normal bitcoin addresses. Do other altcoins such as litecoin, peercoin, dogecoin etc include this functionality?


texts: Issue with sendrawtransaction missing inputs error code -25

texts:
Working with Bitcoin-qt 0.16.3 testnet

Attempting to sendrawtransaction, however, receive following error:

Missing inputs (code -25)

From what I have read, this results from attempting to use outputs in the transaction that have already been spent.

I am confused, however, because I am explicitly using a transaction listed by listunspent. Doesn't that mean the output is unspent???

If you could point me to where I am going wrong, it would be greatly appreciated.

Here's exactly my work:

listunspent

output

[
  {
    "txid": "8d42a2db310b794ae0d75ed9a68262081fd83817a862f87a99cd176ce8743223",
    "vout": 1,
    "address": "2MtBLx3arsHFV1cBYSo5AXmX5Pf3tfcgda3",
    "account": "addy2",
    "redeemScript": "0014436faf386d5c77c575e3372a97e268a08e3f5378",
    "scriptPubKey": "a9140a3c45e4e27e98b6bf1171b4fe1bf689b9a3dbf287",
    "amount": 0.00010000,
    "confirmations": 229,
    "spendable": true,
    "solvable": true,
    "safe": true
  }
]

input

createrawtransaction '[{ "txid": "8d42a2db310b794ae0d75ed9a68262081fd83817a862f87a99cd176ce8743223", "vout":2 }]' '{ "2N8kPhdhwAYYK8rFt7Fhvm3oapsMF7vqbcB":0.00003, "2MtBLx3arsHFV1cBYSo5AXmX5Pf3tfcgda3":0.0000695}'

output

0200000001233274e86c17cd997af862a81738d81f086282a6d95ed7e04a790b31dba2428d0200000000ffffffff02b80b00000000000017a914aa0e0ebe49d03dc1b79f91775aada9293179bb2387261b00000000000017a9140a3c45e4e27e98b6bf1171b4fe1bf689b9a3dbf28700000000

input

signrawtransaction '0200000001233274e86c17cd997af862a81738d81f086282a6d95ed7e04a790b31dba2428d0200000000ffffffff02b80b00000000000017a914aa0e0ebe49d03dc1b79f91775aada9293179bb2387261b00000000000017a9140a3c45e4e27e98b6bf1171b4fe1bf689b9a3dbf28700000000' '[{"txid":"8d42a2db310b794ae0d75ed9a68262081fd83817a862f87a99cd176ce8743223","vout":2,"scriptPubKey":"a9140a3c45e4e27e98b6bf1171b4fe1bf689b9a3dbf287","redeemScript": "0014436faf386d5c77c575e3372a97e268a08e3f5378",
"amount":0.0001}]'

output

{
  "hex": "02000000000101233274e86c17cd997af862a81738d81f086282a6d95ed7e04a790b31dba2428d0200000017160014436faf386d5c77c575e3372a97e268a08e3f5378ffffffff02b80b00000000000017a914aa0e0ebe49d03dc1b79f91775aada9293179bb2387261b00000000000017a9140a3c45e4e27e98b6bf1171b4fe1bf689b9a3dbf287024830450221009274a153ee55925681d5382fecbff723e2ec12e92dafc7188565e2ee2bef092402201133ec3545333afeacda23b63917660ed62be667508dbb5a121a4ed9aa52125401210273340ff4511f6bbcf7d9f1c1fe69f66704398e54f4cde0e0ec60313476fc92ab00000000",
  "complete": true
}

input

sendrawtransaction 02000000000101233274e86c17cd997af862a81738d81f086282a6d95ed7e04a790b31dba2428d0200000017160014436faf386d5c77c575e3372a97e268a08e3f5378ffffffff02b80b00000000000017a914aa0e0ebe49d03dc1b79f91775aada9293179bb2387261b00000000000017a9140a3c45e4e27e98b6bf1171b4fe1bf689b9a3dbf287024830450221009274a153ee55925681d5382fecbff723e2ec12e92dafc7188565e2ee2bef092402201133ec3545333afeacda23b63917660ed62be667508dbb5a121a4ed9aa52125401210273340ff4511f6bbcf7d9f1c1fe69f66704398e54f4cde0e0ec60313476fc92ab00000000

output

Missing inputs (code -25)


texts: OpenSSL and Secp256k1 differing in implementation of ECDSA signatures?

texts:
OpenSSL (from ssl in Mac OS X Version 10.11.6) and Secp256k1 (from the bitcoin-core repository) seem to differ in their implementations of ECDSA. I'm having issues with these differences and want to make sure they actually exist, and if they do, how to reconcile the differences.

For example, using OpenSSL, the recoverable signatures I get can end in any byte. However, from this line in Secp256k1, it seems that the 65th byte (i.e. the last byte) is required to be between 0 and 4 inclusively.

If this is the case, then why does OpenSSL allow the last byte, which seems to be referred to as rec_id, to be of any value?


texts: Storing private keys in cloud providers enviroment variables

texts:
Is it ok to store private keys in cloud provider (such as AWS, Firebase) secrets (enviroment variables) in cloud functions (such as lambdas or firebase cloud functions)?
I understand I would be trusting the safety of the funds in that address to the cloud provider, but I can't see another solution since I am building an application that has to sign bitcoin transactions from that address.


texts: Privacy concerns for a publicly displayed Bitcoin address

texts:
If I publicize a "request address" with the intention of allowing people to support my online efforts, am I risking my privacy?  i.e. if many people send me Bitcoin via that address, ostensibly that leaves a visible chain of money going into that "account" (for lack of a better word).

Even if I immediately transfer money from that "request address" into my main wallet address, there is still going to be a money trail, no?

What can be done to mitigate that?  Should I change the address every time someone sends me money, or perhaps every week or month?

As a for-instance, ThePirateBay has a Bitcoin address on their main page; it looks like they've received 12.3 Bitcoins via that address.


texts: Storing the intermediate code to generate new encrypted keys

texts:
With BIP38 we can also generate an intermediate code (or passphrase code) and give it to untrusted party to generate encrypted key/address but not be able to decrypt the key without the passphrase.

This intermediate code can be used to generate any number of encrypted keys by the untrusted party.

So my question is, is it safe for the untrusted party to save this intermediate code and re-generate new encrypted keys using the same when it's run out of keys?. Is this intermediate code more vulnerable than bruteforcing the encrypted key to guess the passphrase?

Of course there's a possibility of the code getting hacked and changed with some other code which if used would generate encrypted keys not belonging to the original user but consider that's been taken care of.


texts: As a small hotel accepting bitcoins, do I show only one payment address?

texts:
I am currently accepting bitcoins as payment at my hotel, but I am uncertain about the payment address(es).

I prefer to avoid payment service such as BitPay and Coinbase to mention a few.

At this moment, the idea is that when a client books a room online he receives an invoice in US$ amounts by email with the payment options. In order to confirm his booking, he can then decide to pay in cash, credit/debit cards or bitcoins and replies by email or in person. In case of bitcoins, I, as the merchant, will send him an email (or inform at the reception) with the conversion rate US$/BTC and ask the client to transfer x BTC to my address.

My preference is just to show my payment address or QR code on my website, but I would like to know the following:

Can I use the same payment address (how long?) or is it really important to create a new address for each client?
What best practises would you recommend for a legal and transparent merchant?


texts:
I have a 0.11 nodes, all was fine until now, no restart is doing anything.

My client sends a Version Handshake but the ACK never comes.
In RPC getpeerinfo take 1 or 2 minutes to process even if there is only one connected node.

I was 0.10 before and noticed the problem, so I updated to 0.11 but it makes no difference. I am kind of stuck now. My Testnet node, on the same machine works perfectly.

No special errors in the logs, the node seems to get synchronized.


texts: Code prevention of sending bitcoin to an address on the wrong chain btc/bch/bsv

texts: Since they share several common addressing schemes, can I figure out in code how to send them to the right chain?


texts: What are the usability limitations of Core?

texts:
Some I know are:

No HW wallet support
No SPV mode
Hard to use as an offline wallet

Are there any others?


texts:
In the bitcoin configuration you can set debug logging for the following categories. I can't seem to find an explanation of what each of these categories does. Can someone explain them or point me in the right direction?

debug=category
Output debugging information (default: 0, supplying
 is optional). If  is not supplied or if
 = 1, output all debugging information.  can be:
net, tor, mempool, http, bench, zmq, db, rpc, estimatefee, addrman,
selectcoins, reindex, cmpctblock, rand, prune, proxy, mempoolrej,
libevent, coindb, qt, leveldb.


texts: Does anyone know if there's a wallet application for Rise currency? Thank you!


texts: Which branch of bitcoinj should I sync to?

texts:
I am experimenting with Bitcoinj to design a stable node that is synced.
Older versions of bitcoinj seem to drop connections and stop syncing.

I currently see the following branches (see screenshots).

I would assume to use the "release" branch but the latest one is "Unverified"

On the other hand, I am also inclined to use one of the active branches.
The Segwit has not been updated for 11 months. I recall reading on the mailing list that the segwit code is still not complete.

Instead of having to dig into the code myself, I would like to get opinions on which branch to use and save some time.


texts: CDiskBlockIndex: NFile and NDataPos not defined

texts:
This is the source code snippet that is used for the serialization of block indexes (found in leveldb).

Block 478573 index is (as of my node's leveldb) 89af109c996d020000000020774f568005a00bf4ffed76b52e3a7e5e5140a5371834a00000000000000000009f5db27969fecc0ef71503279069b2df981ba545592a7b425f353b5060e77f3e7e13825935470118da70378e

Isn't NFile undefined (i.e. 0) in this case? (and NDataPos and NUndoPos too).

Whereas for block 478574 it is :

89af109c996e1d801886399fbf8017828daf5502000020dcc139c241e6315463dd82c89fc288de35f004c87816430000000000000000000f7f9503fc2daab46c4103516c386b1c5b2390e082af76ba8c49fb522d5e5b148b96805935470118ae6ba061

Which yields NFile = 953 and is correct.

Why block 478573 is not defined? And how to retrieve NFile and NDataPos in that case? I understand that the index is different for every node because it depends on the order the blocks were downloaded.


texts: Where are Bitcoin online casinos hosted?

texts: With a few Bitcoin-powered online casinos popping up every now and then, I am wondering where they are hosted and if they operate legally in the given area?


texts: Why hasn't the Bitcoin client advanced to version 1.0?

texts:
Who would invest money in a currency, which is held together by some software, which is currently in version 0.3.24? It is like putting ones money in a bank, which is currently undergoing in a test phase.

What is the rationale behind the decision not to go to 1.0? Obviously the incentives to break the security and steal all the money are there and have been there long enough for it to be deemed secure. I cannot even judge from the homepage, whether the client is in alpha or beta stage.


texts:
I don't understand why there are no confirmations. It seems that I paid enough fee, but it is still pending.

Address: 1FbQh78uCcqw76jkANnK2AhygWxnAmZ8eM
TxId: e2701d27976656756db913d877cdeced1eb50c7000987a0098e145db86c5f1f2

https://blockchain.info/tx/e2701d27976656756db913d877cdeced1eb50c7000987a0098e145db86c5f1f2

Anyone know what is wrong?

Cheers,
Pieter


texts: Why can't we design a bitcoin that does useful work?

texts: The bitcoin network, including every miner, is the biggest computing project that humanity has created. Thus I ask: why, instead of using it to generate useless data, don't we use it to generate meaningful data, such as theorem proofs or something similar to folding@home?


texts:
I backed up my wallet from computer A. restored the backup on computer B. then I spent some amount of bitcoin from computer A.

Now my restored wallet on computer B shows the old balance which is obviously wrong. how do I sync wallet on computer B to find how much of it is actually spent?


texts: Transaction with slightly changed script is never relayed

texts:
I am playing with bitcoin transaction a bit now.

I have a question. Normally, the output script looks like

OP_DUP OP_HASH160 (hash) OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG

Now that is understandable. However, when I slightly change the script with an outgoing translation to

OP_DUP OP_DROP OP_DUP OP_HASH160 (hash) OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG

this transaction is never relayed (as far as I can say) and never reaches any miner, even when it's 100% legal.

What is going on? Why is it not relayed? I even added quite large fee on it.

And a second question - if my suspicion is correct and it is actually never relayed - what would happen if some miner actually accepted it and this transaction ended in the blockchain? Would it be a valid transaction? Would the client be able to "see it" when he is not able to relay it?


texts: Is mining an instant process or it generates fraction of coins constantly?

texts: There are hashing calculators in the internet that tells the average amount of bitcoin you'll make in a period of time. I know that when you generate a block you gain 25 BTC (I guess it is still the reward). How is this possible? It's saying you gain ~10000 dollars when you generate a block? The only way to mine bitcoin is either by generating an entire block, which they say will reward you with 25BTC. But the calculators say something like $200/month. How is this possible? For me, the only way to gain is by winning 25BTC + fees of the block, or not gaining anything.


texts: Why are transactions taking so much longer in the last few days (2017-10-29)

texts:
I noticed that in recent blocks there has been lots of transactions that has been waiting for as many as 3 days.

For example, just randomly picking a block 492200, which was produced on 2017-10-29 12:04:50, there are transactions that date back to 2017-10-26 17:32:41

However, when I looked at blocks just two weeks ago, there weren't any transaction that were waiting for so long. Again randomly picking an example block 490200, produced on 2017-10-16 20:54:59, the earliest transaction in that block I could find was sent out on 2017-10-16 13:02:04.

So what has happened to the block chain in the past two weeks (except for the Bitcoin Gold fork, but I don't see how that relates to this)?

Note: I am not asking about how to solve unconfirmed transactions. I am just simply curious what is causing this to happen as block times and network hash power doesn't seem to have changed much.

Another example: Transaction is stuck and unspent 2days+


texts: Why did the SEC deny the attempt to list the Winklevoss' Bitcoin ETF?

texts: What were the reasons for the SEC to deny the ETF?


texts: What is the total value of XRPs or the market cap of Ripple?

texts:
On bitstamp today, $1 = 225XRP. That makes 100 billion XRPs worth $450 million.

Ripple's a payment system that can't be used to buy anything yet and it's transaction credits are worth half a billion.

Am I missing something here? Why is the price so high?

Edit: The price doubled since I asked this question. Now total ripples are worth almost a billion.

Edit2: Ripple people: you can down vote this questions all you want. It's a perfectly valid question.


texts: where is default Bitcoin-Qt data directory?

texts:
I want to make portable client so I found with start bitcoin-qt.exe -datadir=data

But where is default data dir so I can move it there?


texts:
In the documentation you can specify a network param, but the default main network name isn't the same as bitcoind (livenet). What is the name of testnet on bcoin?

EDIT: When going by the documentation and adding network: testnet to bcoin.conf, I get the error

AssertionError [ERR_ASSERTION]: Unknown network.
at Function.create (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/bcoin/lib/protocol/network.js:161:3)
at Function.get (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/bcoin/lib/protocol/network.js:207:20)
at FullNode.Node (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/bcoin/lib/node/node.js:43:26)
at new FullNode (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/bcoin/lib/node/fullnode.js:46:8)
at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/bcoin/bin/node:12:8)
at Module._compile (module.js:569:30)
at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:580:10)
at Module.load (module.js:503:32)
at tryModuleLoad (module.js:466:12)
at Function.Module._load (module.js:458:3)

My bcoin.conf file is

network: testnet
prefix: ~/.bcoin
prune: true
http-port: 8332
api-key: ******
uri: http://localhost


texts: What is wallet? How is it uniquely identified?


texts:
I just started reading about Litecoin's Scrypt algorithm and all the explanations are quite complex. I have understood that Scrypt uses more memory than Bitcoin's SHA-256 which makes it ASIC-resistant and prevents centralization.

But, from what I understand we still require powerful GPUs to mine Litecoins because operations on larger data sets (more memory) will be faster and more efficient in GPU than in CPU.

Also, why is it not possible to build an ASIC machine for Scrypt. Is it due to the complexity involved in the algorithm? I just want to know if it's impossible or just difficult. In the future, can we expect ASIC machines for Scrypt as well?


texts:
I am trying to run the following code

$betamount=$_POST['bet'];
$litecoin->move($myusername,Admin,$betamount);

but it will not work. it does however work when i replace $betamount with an actual number ie

$litecoin->move($myusername,Admin,0.2);

or

$betamount=0.1;
$litecoin->move($myusername,Admin,$betamount);

any ideas on whats going wrong ? the $_POST['bet'] is defiantly a number because i have tried multiplying in php and it all works fine.


texts:
A user sending coins broadcast transaction hash to bitcoin network. Now if someone is able to copy the message (hashed transaction) and relay it multiple times it could lead to possible disruption.

Eg:

Node 1 sends a transaction to node 2. Node 2 forwards to node 3 and so on. This transaction gets mined.

Now what will happen if node 2 will try to relay the same message again?

How this is prevented in bitcoin network?


texts: Why does Bitcoin use separate change addresses?

texts:
When you create a wallet, it creates one bitcoin address, correct?

When I send funds, it sends all my funds; the person I sent it to gets what I sent, and the change from the transaction is sent to a second address.

If that last one is true, why does the change get sent to a second address? Why not send it to the original? Wouldn't it be so much simpler if the change was sent back to one address, and you only had that one address?


texts: Is there a lightweight blockchain parser library/server?

texts:
I'm using bitcoin-qt and have a local copy of the blockchain, in which I'm running some analysis with the JSON-RPC API using mostly getblock and getrawtransaction. I have no need writing or sending transactions in this use case. It's overkill to run a full node just to read the blockchain, and it hurts my analysis performance, too.

Is there a (preferrably tested) library to parse the blockchain and return objects, JSON or not? Language doesn't matter much. If not, is there a node implementation that allow turning off network and wallet features?


texts:
I have system where users can generate addresses and bring some coins, and get bonuses after. I want to make my core read-only. For this I have a second bitcoin core which have not connected to internet. So as I read I can change the MPK of my general core for the MPK of offline core. That is why the online core will be read-only.

Help me please to solve this problem!


texts: Bruteforcing a seed with 24 words of a unknown order

texts: How much time would it take to brute force a seed that we know all of its words but also that is completely shuffled? I ask this because the old Trezor model asks for seed in a shuffled way but still all the words can be seen. So if a malicious software would intercept all the words, in what time could the adversary crack the key?


texts: Is the Password stored in RAM in clear text after decrypting the MultiBit HD wallet?

texts: After decrypting your wallet in MultiBit HD, is the clear text version of password stored in the RAM?


texts: How do I access coins purchased at ZipZap using a moneygram?

texts: I used a moneygram to purchase some Bitcoins.  Using the information I  got from ZipZap, I was able to get the address where the money was sent and through block explorer that it is there.  I have the ScriptPubKey that contains (I hope) what I need to do to get the coins.  Unfortunately, I have no idea how to get at it.  I have very little knowledge of programming or coding.  How can I release this information without going back to college?


texts: How come Merkle tree is more efficient when tree branches are not stored in blockchain?

texts:
Suppose we have 8 transactions in a block X as follows and we know every node's hash value of the whole Merkle tree (that is, including intermediary nodes such as 45). Then if someone claims transaction t exists in X and it's located at 6. To verify this, we only need to look up hash values at 7, 45, 0123 and hash up to the top and compare with Merkle root 01234567.

I assume (based on this) Merkle tree is faster than hashing the concatenation of TXID0 ~ TXID7 directly is because hash algorithm runs faster on small files (even run it ~log(N) times) than on a large file (i.e., concatenation of N TXIDs, N is 8 here) at one time.

But reading this post, it seems that only Merkle root and N TXIDs are stored in a block and we have to recreate tree structure every time we verify a transaction, which would actually run hash functions ~N times instead of ~log(N) times (if I was correct mathematically).

  My questions are:

  Does hash ~N times  still faster than hash one time on N
  concatenated hash values?
  Why is Merkle tree not stored? Is it due to storage consideration?


texts:
Bitcoin 0.14
I want to try mining first genesis block, a new time, but don't know how to start
testnet

used to create GenesisH0
https://github.com/lhartikk/GenesisH0


texts: How to quickly find the private key from Segwit P2SH address?

texts:
I have a very large list of Segwit addresses for bitcoin, starting with '3' and do not know the corresponding legacy '1' address for them.

How can I quickly find the corresponding legacy address to export the private key from Bitcoin Core?

The Seqwit addresses have not received any transactions, yet.

I think I will need a script, or a program maybe...

[this is an issue with LTC having been sent to a segwit address generated using Bitcoin Core]


texts:
I am running a bitcoin node with the following bitcoind.conf

# bitcoind.conf
bind=127.0.0.1

# use minimum disk space
prune=550

# Pare down traffic to bare minimum
blocksonly=1
maxconnections=20
maxuploadtarget=150

# Use only tor
proxy=127.0.0.1:9050
listenonion=1
onlynet=onion

torcontrol=127.0.0.1:9051
torpassword=Not_Posting_Here
##############################
addnode=gyn2vguc35viks2b.onion
addnode=kvd44sw7skb5folw.onion
addnode=nkf5e6b7pl4jfd4a.onion
# more onion nodes elided

I have pared down the disk usage and bandwidth as much as possible.  I want to run a node that will allow me to spend coins anonymously - small purchases like 4chan passes etc.  Not too concerned with being robbed as my wallet would never have more than 50 dollars worth in it but want to be able to spend anonymously.

It's in the process of downloading enough of the blockchain to be ready to spend now ( I think - not too much traffic over tor according to nyx ) and I tail the debug log and see this sort of thing:

6b756b2d2cb7db97f39c7bd2 height=14835 version=0x00000001 log2_work=45.75637 tx=13952 date='2009-05-09 05:00:57' progress=0.000044 cache=3.0MiB(15823txo)
2018-04-17 13:11:31 UpdateTip: new best=00000000349ad71b516db92e4799a7bad2dc8976ca6b3cd2d894167011d51b92 height=13836 version=0x00000001 log2_work=45.756474 tx=17956 date='2009-05-09 05:44:46' progress=0.000044 cache=3.0MiB(14829txo)

and it keeps spitting these out

bitcoind is using like 1-3% of cpu according to top.

Is bitcoind  mining?  I don't want it to mine.

Is there a way to shut this off?

Also if it is mining, and if I can't stop it from mining, where would coins I'd mine go?  I search for this, but it says the miner gets them. BUT WHERE?  If I am the miner, how does bitcoind know what my bitcoin address is?

I have not created any addresses in my wallet. So where would the coins go?

The mining question is moot if I can find a way to shut off mining anyway.

I have run a node once and deposited some coins in the wallet, and then later spent them.  But I want to do this all over tor without hogging all my bandwidth or disk space.


texts: Effect of media coverage on the exchange rate?

texts:
When mainstream media or some high-profile blogs etc. report about Bitcoin, does it have a direct effect on the exchange rate?

Are there any examples in the past?

Let’s say an author is about to publish an article about Bitcoin in The New York Times. Would it be smart for the author to buy massive amounts of Bitcoin immediately before publishing the article, in the hope that the exchange rate rises?


texts:
I read here that since Bitcoin is a networked ledger, it is a good way to back up data. I would like to know two things:

How does a blockchain store 'any' data? I would like to know more about a blockchain's anatomy that enables it to do so.
If anyone can store data in blockchains, what prevents blockchains from becoming astronomically larger? Even today, a Bitcoin client takes forever to synchronize.


texts: What is the relationship between the Minsc language and Policy language?

texts:
Quoting from the Minsc website "Minsc is a high-level scripting language...based on the Miniscript Policy language with additional features and syntactic sugar sprinkled on top including variables, functions, infix notation and more."
This question describes the relationship between Policy, Miniscript and Script. Sanket Kanjalkar explains how Policy compiles down to Miniscript whilst Miniscript is encoded to Bitcoin Script. So what about the relationship between Minsc and Policy? How best to describe this?


texts: What happens to witness blocks after they are broadcast to other witness nodes? Are they kept or forgotten after some blocks?


texts: How to create a transaction input from tx id of UTXO?

texts:
I'm in the midst of working this github --> https://github.com/karask/python-bitcoin-utils/blob/master/examples/spend_p2sh_transaction.py
Sorry as I'm not that good in this. I would like to ask the following:

Where can I create this "transaction input from tx id of UTXO"?  This is for Bitcoin UTXO.

I mean is it using bitcoin node? vscode? python in Gitpods? I just want to know where I can run this and able to provide me the TXID along with the Transaction value in it. Like for example snapshot below:

Care to guide me? Please.. Thank you in advance.


texts: How to dynamically generate bitcoin receive address with a Nano Ledger S?

texts:
Is there a way for me to create an app for only my personal use, on my iPhone, that would create a valid receive address for my Nano Ledger S? I know that all of the address are derived from a master key, is there a way for me to determine what the master key is, and create software to create my own valid addresses?

I am looking for a way to easily accept BTC in person, with a new address, without having to carry a hardware wallet around.


texts: can parent private key sign a transaction created by a child address?

texts:
like this:

I have a private key P, and via a HDchain, it creates a child address addrChild with a child key pair: priKeyChild and pubKeyChild.

When I create a rawTransaction with the addrChild, I can successfully sign this rawTransaction with the priKeyChild.

the question is: instead of using the priKeyChild, can I successfully use P to sign this rawTranscation ?


texts: Is there any bitcoin exchange software that does not split net income?

texts: I'm going to create a bitcoin exchange service and I am trying to find a platform to do this. All the platforms I have found so far (bex.io and buttercoin), propose to split income with you. Is there any platform out there that sells or licenses without this revenue sharing model?


texts: Are there any bitcoin or altcoin wallets that provide a "decentralized" 2fa setup?

texts: Have there been any decentralized 2fa service built into the blockchain? it can be bitcoin or any altcoin.


texts: my question is simply What if a malicious owns more than half of the nodes in bitcoin network? she can simply fraud then. isn't there any algorithm to prevent someone from having more than half of nodes in bitcoin network?


texts: How has the Bitcoin average block size recently risen above 3 MB?

texts:
I was aware that the block size could rise above the 1 MB cap due to SegWit. However, my understanding was that the block size would still be limited under SegWit.

My understanding of SegWit is that it partitions the signature part of the block from the transaction part. I also believe I read that the signature part can account for 65% of the block size. If this is true, I would be under the impression that the maximum block size with SegWit would be 1 MB * (1/.35) making the theoretical maximum 2.85 MB.

Is there a way to calculate the theoretical maximum allowed in Bitcoin blocks and where is my understanding above flawed?


texts: How to realistically mitigate miner heat

texts: Does anyone have a system for flushing the heat generated by their miner out of their house/office w/o letting in outside temp. I'm worried about the cost of cooling a miner in the south in August. I previously heard that antminer s7/s9 miners can operate in the ~135 degree f range. Also, if this is off topic for the forum let me know.


texts: What are some pitfalls of having 1 minute blocktimes? What vulnerabilities would this introduce?

texts: For example, dogecoin has 1 minute blocktimes and they seem to be doing fine for the past 5 years. What are some issues they might run into with 1 minute blocktimes and increased adoption? What other downsides does something like dogecoin have vs bitcoin, in relation to a shortened blocktime?


texts: Error while send transaction: Data push larger than necessary


texts: How do people in developing countries buy Bitcoin?

texts: When there are only bank accounts of small bank institutes in undeveloped countries, how do people there buy Bitcoins? When there are only limited possibilities for global money exchange, how can people there participate in Bitcoin?


texts: How to keep track on new cryptocurrencies

texts:
Here is a situation: new cryptocurrencies appears with a huge speed and also most of them are just useless clones, there might be some interesting one with new ideas. I would like be know when they appears to read about the differences from previous one. Right now my only place to go is a bitcointalk site to and hopelessly search in alternative currencies branch.

But this is not effective, and requires a lot of time. So the question: is there an easy way to get notified (something like subscribe to news and get email) when a new crypto was introduced?


texts:
I downloaded DiabloMiner and got it to run by:

Using the options: -v2 -w256 -na
Increase the Java heap size by editing the DiabloMinder-OSX.sh file: -Xmx384m

And I am getting around 60-70mhash/sec on my MBP (MacBookPro8,3, early 2011) /w AMD Radeon HD 6750M, supposedly.

I say supposedly because I get no shares on mining.bitcoin.cz, so I setup the testnet in a box and ran my miner against that and appeared to get no where.

So my question(s):

What, if anything, am I doing incorrectly?
Is there a better way/miner to be using on OSX(GPU).  Mining information on OSX is very hard to find.


texts: Status: 0/unconfirmed, in memory pool. Cnee's address expired and reject this transaction

texts:
Internet connection was lost during transaction. Bitcoins gone, but no chance to confirm transaction at cnee side. So after some hours cnee's address expired and reject this trnsctn. Now, as 24H passed, status is still unconfirmed.
As I expect, these funds will be returned for some time.
The question is - am I right and what is the time limit, usually, I have to start worrying after or what I can do now to return the bits.
Thanks for advice.


texts: wallet.dat backup and 100 pregenerated keys

texts:
Reading about the "change" addresses and doing "wallet.dat" backups, I keep reading that -by default- bitcoin-qt generates 100 keys and use them when you need a new address. My question is this: what happens after you use all 100 keys (for change, mainly). bitcoin-qt generates another block of 100 keys?. Only one?.

The information is critical for backup policy, and I can't find it online.

If you get a new 100 keys block, doing regular frequent backups is mostly fine, but if only a new key is generated, you should backup the wallet after any incoming or outgoing transaction...

Better yet, bitcoin-qt should have a permanent pool of 100 addresses, and add a new random address when you use one, in a FIFO style. That way you should be quite safe if you do less than 100 outgoing transactions between backups!.


texts: Is there a minimum size of network for a cryptocurrency to be viable?

texts:
I am not a technical person, so easy answers will be greatly appreciated.

What is the relevant unit for size of the network for this question? Nodes? Miners? Wallets? Users?
If a cryptocurrency has a very small network, e.g. 10 users, will it have 'technical' (not marketing) problems to function as a currency? (Like protection against hacking, efficiency of transaction speed and cost, etc.)
If yes in #2, what size of network would be required? 1000? 10,000? 100,000?


texts:
Is it possible to create a transaction with 2txin and 2txout? If it is possible, then how does one sign this transaction?

Or do I have to create two separate transactions? 1txin 1txout and 1txin 2txout?


texts: Bittrex API market history -- interpreting OrderType

texts:
The Bittrex API has a request to get the market history:

https://bittrex.com/api/v1.1/public/getmarkethistory?market=BTC-DOGE

which gives a response containing the following fields:

"Id"
"TimeStamp"
"Quantity"
"Price"
"Total"
"FillType"
"OrderType"

"OrderType" can be one of "BUY" or "SELL". What does this refer to?

Let's assume it has a value of "SELL". Does this mean:

The person who initially placed the order was selling (Seller is Maker).
The person who closed the order was selling (Seller is Taker)


texts: Is it possible to write a script, which can allow spend only own inputs except all of them?

texts:
Let's imagine:
We have just one BTC address.
Users send some coins to this shared address. And can spend only own inputs.

P.S. If someone can provide some example script for this I'll be very thankful.


texts: What does "NODE_WITNESS (12)" mean as it is shown in bitnodes.21.co?

texts: I'm running a pruned full node of bitcoin core version 0.14.0 and checking on https://bitnodes.21.co/nodes/ I can see that my node was labelled "NODE_WITNESS (12)" unlike of the others nodes shown, which was labelled "NODE_WITNESS (13)".


texts:
I used some coinjoined BTC coins from my from my WASABI wallet to exchange for ADA on Godex. I sent coins from Wasabi wallet but had Godex deposit them in my Exodus wallet. It was around 500€.
There was no problem with the exchange with Godex but all the other BTC coins in my wallet that were coinjoined were sent to Blockchain and remain there unconfirmed. I did not send them. The coins are gone from my wallet but I can see them on the blockchain.
All these coins in my Wasabi wallet were not conjoined together and the same time.
They were sent in 7 separate transactions from my Exodus wallet to separate addresses in my Wasabi wallet and then coinjoined separately. Now all these separate coinjoin coins are listed as an INPUTS on the blockchain. Unconfirmed
The BTC coins seen on Blockchain are are Unconfirmed and UNspent
HOW DO I GET  THEM BACK IN MY WASABI WALLET?


texts: Is there a similar server like Bitcoin core that truly supports accounts?

texts:
Is there a similar server like Bitcoin core that truly supports accounts (and also RPC)?

I was hoping for something like the ethereum geth node. where each account has it's address and individually password protected.


texts: Can encrypted private keys (BIP-38) be generated from HD wallets (BIP-32)?

texts: I am aware that the introduction of BIP-38 resulted in a standard for passphrase-based encrypted private keys utilizing AES. What is not clear to me is whether these can be generated from HD wallets? Are the HD wallet seed-based private keys, then, considered encrypted private keys? Or do they follow the general private key format, since they are derived through their own HD wallets' processes?


texts:
I have alredy looked at a lot of other similar questions here but they didn't involve my case or the solutions provided did not work for me. I'm trying to work in regtest mode and I'm using bitcoin core v0.15.0 on a Debian machine. My bitcoin.conf file looks like this:

$HOME/.bitcoin/bitcoin.conf ->
rpcuser=bitcoinrpc
rpcpassword=7bljxv........zabyi

I run the command

bitcoind -regtest -daemon

And then

bitcoin-cli -regtest getblockchaininfo

And it works fine, but if I try to run the following command:

bitcoin-cli -regtest generate 101

I get the following error:

error code: -32601
error message:
Method not found


texts: Is there a good guide to convert a Bitcoin Core Wallet to Bitcoin Cash (on OSX)

texts: I got a wallet in Bitcoin Core.app version 0.14.2 on OSX. My last transaction is from years ago. How can I convert my wallet to Bitcoin Cash and what are the do's and don'ts? Basically I don't want to loose my coins. I heard that I could claim both new coins, its that true and how to do so?


texts: Which Bitcoin mixer has the largest pool of customers?

texts:
As the title of the post states, which current Bitcoin mixer has the largest pool of customers?

I understand that the larger the customer base of a Bitcoin mixer, the more anonymity the mixer will provide.


texts:
I just want to ask is there any way on how to extract ONLY outputs from particular bitcoin address.
I need to export (make a list) on all address that were associated with the outputs from the sender address.

I have no coding experience at all, I've also come across this topic but I have no idea on how to make just so it will list only the output transactions and not inputs as well.

How to get the list of transactions of input/outputs for a bitcoin address in JSON format?

Hopefully someone will be able to help me,
Thanks in advance!


texts: How to get Bittrex trading data for 10 different coins?

texts:
I am writing MATLAB code to get the trading data from Bittrex. I have 10 different coin trading volume data that I want to know. To do this, I have a few ideas but not work in Bittrex.

Use 'getmarkethistory' for each alt coin trading information for every second and then combine the data (This does not work because it will easily hit the rate limit)
Some other platform have 'heartbeat' functions. If you use the function, it makes sure you download all trade history. (This does not work because I could not find this function in Bittrex)

Would someone give me an idea of collecting data from Bittrex?


texts: How secure would it be to use my toy bingo machine to generate a bitcoin private key?

texts:
Am I right in thinking there are 90! possibilities.
Would it be random?
Would you trust this technique?

http://i.stack.imgur.com/4RYbc.jpg


texts: Bitcoin Core client upgrade from V0.7 2-beta to latest 0.15.X (Oct2017) - ‘wallet.dat’?

texts:
I need to apply an upgrade to my Bitcoin Core client From V0.7 2-beta to latest.

I've got some advice that I need to make that upgrade a 2 step process
(i) V0.7 2-beta' TO Bitcoin Core 0.14.2
(ii) Bitcoin Core 0.14.2 to Bitcoin Core 0.15.X

My questions is regarding my ‘wallet.dat’ file in this 2 step process.

Does the wallet.Dat file need to be put back in AFTER phase (i) and resynched ?
OR
Can I put the wallet.Dat file back in for the first time only after phase (ii) and synch ?

Cheers


texts: Solving a block and verification of transactions

texts:
My understanding of mining is that the reason an award of Bitcoin comes along with the solving of the current block is to give people incentive to actually try to solve the block.  My understanding is also that the reason that it is desirable to have people trying to solve blocks is because this is what makes the network work, that is, the more people using their processing power to verify Bitcoin transactions, the better.

What I don't understand is what hashing has to do with actual transaction verification?  I sort of vaguely have this idea in my head that because of the difficulty of the SHA256 hashing algorithm, if someone finds a hash that solves a block, that must mean they spent a significant amount of time working to find the hash . . . but what does that have to do with spending a significant amount of time working to verify transactions?  What stops people from just hashing but not verifying?  Moreover, if I am correct in assuming that hashing serves no other purpose other than to verify that someone indeed put in a fair amount of work for the network, is there really no other better method to prove this?  Why is something as stupid as just keeping track of how many transactions a person has verified not going to work?


texts: How would one go about selling a large amount of Bitcoin?

texts: How to proceed to sell Bitcoin in the market when the purchase was made in 2010 was a value of 21k USD.


texts: Bitcoin Transaction from MtGox hasn't shown up after several hours

texts: I have withdrawn bitcoins from my account in MtGox to my Multibit installed in my computer. Several hours after BTC are not in MtGox and neither in my account. I have verified the address and it is right. I can see the direction of the address in blockchain but it appears "transactions:0". Is this normal?


texts: How to read a transaction from a block? Who paid whom?

texts:
I'd like to know how to read a 'transaction', so if we take an example of this transaction (which comes from block #520156) it's easy to spot that 'th' paid 'U8' 0.005BTC and
'9E' paid 'Y5' 0.013BTC. but what are what are the 'DD' and the 'vf' for (marked in green)?

Also, why this transaction (..bac192) includes those 2 payments, are those payments related somehow? (shouldn't a transaction have one payment?)


texts: Is there a Bitcoin exchange that accepts paypal and no registration needed?

texts:
I am looking for a Bitcoin exchange that allows me to input a wallet address and my paypal information and it will let me send x amount of btc to that address while paying with paypal in USD, RUB, EUR, etc.

Also, I don't want to create an account with the site and I want the site to be trusted.


texts: I'm currently trying to figure out how to properly use Getmemorypool for mining and I'm having some problems with it. Are there any examples provided somewhere on how to properly call that RPC with some data (for example showing a call with a block that ended up in the testnet block chain)?


texts: I bought an ASIC miner but the wallet just cannot get synched. I am trying for days now and i am still 18 weeks back. Can i run my ASIC miner on a pool, while my wallet isn't fully synched and the blockchain isn't fully downloaded?


texts: I would like to start mining, but my GPU isn't the greatest and I don't really want to spend the money on a dedicated rig. Is mining from my CPU (in a Linux environment) still worth it? Or will I not be able to keep up?


texts: Signing transaction with SSL - private key to PEM

texts:
Given a private key: 3cd0560f5b27591916c643a0b7aa69d03839380a738d2e912990dcc573715d2c,
And a tx hash: 456f9e1b6184d770f1a240da9a3c4458e55b6b4ba2244dd21404db30b3131b94, I would like to sign, using SSL and PHP. Converting the private key to a pem format (so SSL can use it), I generate the following base64 string: PNBWD1snWRkWxkOgt6pp0Dg5OApzjS6RKZDcxXNxXSw=. So a valid pem format should be:

-----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
PNBWD1snWRkWxkOgt6pp0Dg5OApzjS6RKZDcxXNxXSw=
-----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----

However, it does not seem to be working. I'm using the following function: openssl_sign($hash, $signature, $private_key, OPENSSL_ALGO_SHA256).

But when I generate a random private key using SSL, for example:

-----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
MHcCAQEEINhhp8dYz31X+KWq3u/gutJthvW2puUbB9AOIul/v2SOoAoGCCqGSM49
AwEHoUQDQgAE0jE7TIszCklw//SGyYW0+z38PUxwfkip9WS4UUn68f7D78D6ZQ/O
dlPisC1fQZrUrFrik/wq7E4Xwrqs3n3b5w==
-----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----

The function does work. What is wrong with the pem format that I'm generating using an existing private key?


texts: How to get unspents for a specified bitcoin address?

texts:
I want to access unspent data of a specific bitcoin address.

I am trying this command

bitcoin-cli -regtest listunspent "some bitcoin address"

But I am always getting an empty list. I am using local bitcoind server on windows 7.

What should I do or use any function for getting desired output ?


texts:
I there a graph correlating fee size and confirmation time?

A graph where I can see the fee paid by transactions which got confirmed in less than 20 minutes. Is there a graph like that?


texts: How much business has Bitcoin brought Meze Grill up to now?

texts:
(Up and including August 2011)

Meze Grill was the first restaurant to accept Bitcoin. Has this option generated revenue for them?


texts: How to explain blockchain in terms of OSI 7-layer model? Is it based on service in the transport layer

texts:
I am newbie to block chain. AFAIK, blockchain is a distributed database that maintains a continuously-growing list of records called blocks secured from tampering and revision.

How does this technology be explained in terms of OSI 7 layer model?

Thx

JT


texts: I just got this address: 1a8LDh3qtCdMSAgRXzMr4zB8w1EG4h1Xi, but the checksum doesn't validate. Can someone help me fix it by changing some characters that look/sound similar?


texts:
Related Question: Does hoarding really hurt Bitcoin

Does speculation hurt bitcoin? I often hear people complain that speculation is destroying Bitcoin, or that Bitcoin will fail because of speculation. Is there any merit to this criticism of Bitcoin? And in particular, is the idea that speculation is hurting Bitcoin any different then the idea that hoarding is hurting Bitcoin?


texts: How to create both anonymity privacy and still achieve address reputation for merchants

texts:
In what way can a merchant create a payment address that will gain reputation of trust (this address or some information connecting with the payment request will gain reputation over time and will be known as connected to the merchant ) but still maintain the privacy of the customers sending bitcoin to as if it acted as a new address each payment request ?

Could it be achieved with HD wallet mechanism and how ?

Could it be achieved at all ?


texts: Is there an RPC command that checks for hardforks

texts:
There are some useful RPC commands that you can use in your bitcoin.conf file to trigger code when blocks have been confirmed, such as the blocknotify command.

Is there are similar command that will execute code when your node is on an old fork, or no longer synced to the tip of the blockchain?


texts: Does Bitcoin script support nested IFs (OP_IF or OP_NOTIF inside one another)?

texts:
For example can we convert the following code to a script?

if(bool_1)
{
    FOO1();
    if(!bool_2)
    {
        FOO2();
    }
    else
    {
        BAR1();
        if(bool_3)
        {
            BAR2();
        }
        BAR3();
    }
}
else
{
    FOOBAR();
}

<push> <push> <push> OP_IF OP_FOO1 OP_NOTIF OP_FOO2 OP_ELSE OP_BAR1 OP_IF OP_BAR2 OP_ENDIF OP_BAR3 OP_ENDIF OP_FOOBAR OP_ENDIF(correct?)

If yes then:
1. Is there any limit on how deep a nested IFs can go?
2. Is there any examples (raw bytes/hex) I could look at?


texts: How to generate btc addresses from XPUB?

texts:
I have an xpub key and I'd like to generate the sequence of btc addresses in PHP based on the index.
Is there a way to do that?


texts: My app doesn't work, it seems all white and doesn't show anything. It doesn't let me do anything and I'm so worry because I have a few bitcoins in my wallet. What should I do to solve my situation?. I hope you help me to solve it


texts: getblockfilter Error: Index is not enabled for filtertype basic

texts:
I'm failing to run the getblockfilter example. What am I doing wrong?
$ bitcoin-cli help getblockfilter
getblockfilter "blockhash" ( "filtertype" )

Retrieve a BIP 157 content filter for a particular block.

Arguments:
1. blockhash     (string, required) The hash of the block
2. filtertype    (string, optional, default=basic) The type name of the filter

Result:
{                      (json object)
  "filter" : "hex",    (string) the hex-encoded filter data
  "header" : "hex"     (string) the hex-encoded filter header
}

Examples:
> bitcoin-cli getblockfilter "00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09" "basic"
> curl --user myusername --data-binary '{"jsonrpc": "1.0", "id": "curltest", "method": "getblockfilter", "params": ["00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09", "basic"]}' -H 'content-type: text/plain;' http://127.0.0.1:8332/

$ bitcoin-cli getblockfilter "00000000c937983704a73af28acdec37b049d214adbda81d7e2a3dd146f6ed09" "basic"
error code: -1
error message:
Index is not enabled for filtertype basic

$ bitcoind --version
Bitcoin Core version v0.20.0.0-ga62f0ed64f8bbbdfe6467ac5ce92ef5b5222d1bd
...

Do I need to build a block filter index or something?


texts:
I know this is a long shot: Is there anything I can do to recoup the bitcoins my father owned when he died? Is my only chance trying to find his password?

What are the possible ways may father may have managed his bitcoins, and how can I find this out? How could I find out if he was using a third party to keep his bitcoins? I have no idea what I am looking for...

Does this happen often, or are the majority of people who own bitcoins young enough that this is rare?


texts:
What are controls that are in place to detect and/or prevent fraud within the bitcoin system?
Are there any know exploits, or potential threats to the system?


texts: Are transaction fees required now? Is there any way to avoid them?

texts:
I have been using blockchain.info's my wallet to perform transactions, one of the reason I liked it was because I could choose to not pay a transaction fee. But recently I noticed blockchain.info's interface has changed, there's no way to not include a transaction fee now? (or am I wrong about that?).

Was there a change in the Bitcoin protocol to require transaction fee? or are there still clients available that has the function of not paying a transaction fee?


texts: Transaction Sent Taking almost 2 days , what's wrong? Help pls

texts:
i'm very confused, i sent some btc almost 2 days a go using the default fee and it hasn't gone thru, what could be causing this?
Has never happened before, since this i've already put the fee on max and other transactions works but this one still isn't going thru...
BlockChain Link: https://blockchain.info/tx-index/e94022faf0fbdea8ef413237cd53498e73977830f9b8284183be87dc958ac919

is it stuck? can i do something to fix this?

Any Help is welcome, will be willing to tip if someone helps with the case..


texts: I cashed out coins to my send address instead of my receive address in multi bit wallet where are they? can I get to them?

texts: I cashed out coins without thinking in bitcoin blackjack and pasted my send address. Its not showing up in my wallet. How do I get to these bitcoins? Thanks for you help.


texts: How to change the wallet on the fly with bitcoin-qt

texts:
A friend and I want to create a simple webservice for ourselves, that can do transactions from our wallets. We want to keep our wallets separate. So how can we exchange the wallet that bitcoin-qt uses without restarting the application? Is that possible? Or is there another bitcoin client with a JSON-RPC or similar that we can use for that?

EDIT:
The plan is that we have a simple webinterface (PHP-based) where we enter the receiver, the amount, the username (will correspond to the name of the wallet file) and the wallet password. The script would then send the data to bitcoin-qt (or whatever we use) which will then execute the transaction. Also, it should be possible to view the amount of BTC that each wallet has (After entering the password of course).

We have a dedicated server, everything will run on that.


texts: What can blockchain do that normal databases systems won't?

texts: Aside from cryptocurrencies, what advantages may blockchain(either public or private) have and real life use cases that can be more useful implemented in blockchain over traditional databases based systems ?


texts:
I went to https://glbse.com/ and see it is closed. It was a stock exchange for shares of companies denominated in Bitcoins.

Does anyone know why it closed?


texts: Generate public/private key for bitcoin with openssl

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I want to understand how bitcoin works and I do not trust tools or bitcoin platforms.
I have read this on Internet. Can you confirm me this lines are generating a bitcoin public/private key safely ?
openssl ecparam -genkey -name secp256k1 -rand /dev/urandom -out tmp_private.txt
openssl ec -in tmp_private.txt -outform DER \
    | tail -c +8 | head -c 32 | xxd -p -c 32 > private.txt
openssl ec -in tmp_private.txt -pubout -outform DER \
    | tail -c 65 | xxd -p -c 65 > public.txt
rm tmp_private.txt

I know it is not a good thing to store private key in a basic clear text file, I just want to know if the way generating the key is good.
Is there an openssl command which can generate a bitcoin address from public.txt file?


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How is work distributed among members of a pool?

Regarding the block hashing algorithm and valid hashes of a new node, how is the set of solutions for nonces "distributed" among miners?Is a nonce, for example, tried out multiple times by different miners in the pool? Or do miners split the space of solutions among each other, each working with a limited and mutually exclusive range of nonces?


texts: I have seen discussion of CT being used on the a side chain. What are the chances it will be applied to Bitcoin Core itself?


texts: What is the correct term for bitcoin market cap?

texts: Market capitalization is a term that is usually used to refer to the total value of the shares of a company. Given that bitcoin is not a company, is there a better term than market cap that we should be using to describe the total value of all bitcoins?


texts: If I chose to accept Bitcoin as a payment for my product, and the price of the bitcoin goes up or down, then technically I am not getting as much for my product in the long run correct?  Because the exchange is based on the dollar as one of the currencies.  So If my product cost's 100.00 and that is a certain percentage of a bitcoin then if the bitcoin say its worth 7100.00 that would be .014 bitcoins.  But if the bitcoin decreased in price say to 5100.00 then that same product would cost .019 bitcoins.  Correct?  How dos the fluctuation in price affect the value of my product in dollars?


texts: Does Ripple allow one to issue their own currency?

texts: Does Ripple allow one to issue their own currency, similar to how ripples (XRP) were created at the system's inception?


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I used Bitcoin-qt (Bitcoin Core) on desktop to create a wallet a while ago and I'm a little confused how it works.

I never fully "synchronized with the network" I'm assuming that means download the entire blockchain. I'm about half way there and 30gb deep. I created an address to receive a transaction but don't have a balance in the wallet. I'm assuming it's because it's never caught up with where my transaction is on the blockchain. Is this correct?

I can see when I take the address and look it up online the transaction of receiving the funds I just can't confirm a balance.

It doesn't seem that there's any password that I ever put in either. When everything does sync can I only transfer my balance out using the same app?

Also I had to replace my hard drive on my mac recently so I took both the Bitcoin app and the Library/Application Support/Bitcoin folder and put them on my new hard drive, are there any other files I would need to get access to my balance?


texts: How to display Recipient Address, Change Address & Transaction Amount

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I have made A software in which i can Signed Transaction (From Electrum Un-Signed Transaction HEX), i just want to display the following thing to USER in Readable Mode :
1. Recipient Address
2. Change Address
3. Transaction Amount

How can i show this to USER to readable form so that user verify the Transaction before going broadcast.

Thanks,
Amish Sharma


texts: How can an earlier block have a later timestamp?

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Block #180966 has a timestamp of 2012-05-20 23:02:53.

Block #180967 has a timestamp of 2012-05-20 23:02:13.

How has the software permitted a later block to have an earlier timestamp than its predecessor?


texts:
I've just received strange transaction from unknown address: transaction hash is 6e41f6acb7541cf4ffeddf126dbd87a01092be8d021a897350a6a332ba67a071, the sender sent 0.0215 BTC to about 3000 outputs (0.00000546 BTC to each), where one of the output was mine, full transaction is about 95 KB of size. I used the address (which is on of the output) only for private use and didn't share it explicitly.

What can be the purpose of such transaction? Does this sender is trying to spy on all receivers, or what it can be?


texts: BIP0016 pay-to-scripthash transaction detection

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BIP0016 acknowledges it works by "recognizing one 'special' form of scriptPubKey", so P2SH transactions are actually special cases.

What are the exact rules to detect these special cases?


texts: Can I find a bitcoin wallet from an address directly from blockchain data? (not website)

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For example
https://www.walletexplorer.com/wallet/03457b955f9c055c/addresses shows all the addresses linked to wallet 03457b955f
How do they do that?
Thank you !!


texts: How to find a list of all nodes in a p2pool network?

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I'm running a p2pool node for cachecoin and see there are more users and hashrate in the overall p2pool network than from the known nodes.

Is there a way to get a list of the connected nodes somehow, maybe by IP?

All I see currently is the web frontend and the stdout buffer.


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I know that the inputs for a transaction(which is not coinbase) are UTXOs.
Are UTXOs kept track of by some servers and also the owner's wallet?
If there are servers which keep track of UTXOs, is it not leading to some centralization? Because,the owner of these servers may tamper with the UTXOs.

If there are servers which keep track of UTXOs, how can one doublespend?
Is it the case that servers and wallets get updated of the existing UTXOs only after creation of the block by miners in which that transaction exists?
If there is a double spent transaction in a block then the whole block gets orphaned right?
Please correct me if my understanding isn't correct


texts: What are some of the things that would make bitcoin better and more accepted?

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More trade... more trust... more btc 'banks'...? It is such a great system. It just needs to go main stream.

Any thoughts?


texts:
For research purposes, I want to send transactions to the Bitcoin network and measure when they are received (yes, I am aware of existing websites which have statistics about these averages, but they can't provide me with more detailed statistics).

Specifically, I want to:

Send transactions through multiple nodes that should have different outbound neighbors (I don't want all my transactions to be tunneled through the same neighbors).
Receive the transactions at other nodes under my control (for measurements), but I would like to avoid having these nodes validate the entire blockchain first.
Avoid unintended spam attack.

Should I use full nodes, half nodes, or something else? Is there a well documented and easy to read implementation that I might find useful for my purpose (C++ isn't usually my go-to tool)? Any sort of advice will be highly appreciated.

If I am not mistaken, this should not cause a spam attack since the transactions will all come from newly created coins (if that is the right term) and should be prioritized below almost all the real transactions, but please correct me if I got this wrong.

P.S. please assume I am an idiot, so spell out stuff like "oh, just use RPC"... thanks!


texts: Does a user have to update blockchain to participate in this situation?

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Say a node was offline for a week. After one week, when this node becomes online again, this node has a blockchain which is shorter than the current blockchain.

If a miner sends block to this node, this node will start to compare this block to his blockchain. However, because this node was offline for a week, this node will determine that the newly created block does not match with his blockchain and conclude that this block is false. So I think this node must be updated to the current version of blockchain and then participate.

Am I understanding correctly?

Thank you in advance.