texts: Having trouble using GDAX API to place market buy order

texts:
Here is the documentation I'm following and to place a buy order, the syntax follows the following format:

# Buy 0.01 BTC @ 100 USD
auth_client.buy(price='100.00', #USD
               size='0.01', #BTC
               product_id='BTC-USD')

That's straight forward but i'd prefer to place a market order using $100 but I'm not sure how.

Any help would be much appreciated.


texts: Do I need to keep updating my wallet address in faucets?

texts:
I notice that my wallet address keeps changing and I am wondering two things:

Why does the address dynamically change?
Do I need to update the wallet address in the faucets I use in order to receive the satoshis?

It will be a pain if I have to constantly update my wallet address in the faucets.


texts:
Is there any tool available that can tell me the balance of bitcoin address on specific date?

Like, what was the balance of 1XXXXXX on Jan 1st 2016?

Looked up insight: seems not available.


texts: How do Bitcoin clients/miners verify balances quickly?

texts:
Bitcoin clients must find balances for some public keys quickly. Especially, miners must find balances for all incoming transactions.
I see the problem: public key with associated address can appear many times in 300 GB blocks data which can't be stored whole in memory. Full Bitcoin client uses binary data files and LevelDB index(?).
How can it do it quickly? Especially, miners spend most of the time hashing, not verifying transactions (?)


texts: Building Compatible Blocks Post Block 227836 - Relevant BIPs

texts:
To build a miner capable of mining at today's blockchain level of complexity, are there any other relevant BIPs aside from the SegWit spec and Bech32 address scheme?  I have implemented compatibility up to block version 2.  I am trying to determine if there are exemplar blocks that would demonstrate incremental minimal requirements to get to correct decoding for a submitted block.
Thanks


texts:
What license is used for the content of Bitcoin.org?

In the footer of the website we can find that the website is licensed under the MIT license, but the MIT licensed is used only for code, right? I also have looked at Legal disclaimer and the Frequently Asked Questions section, but I couldn't find the answer.

Under which license is the content of Bitcoin.org available? CC BY 3.0? CC BY 4.0? MIT?


texts: unconfirmed transaction more than 1 month 17 days?

texts: someone please help, unconfirmed transaction for more than 1 month 17 days - https://blockchain.info/tx/3d314e7ffc03fdefba99ce02a33552e0479e1af7cc32cdf70483f4b0405f9f94


texts: What informations are contained in a transaction?

texts:
According to the informations that i found here: https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Transaction
a bitcoin transaction contains,

FOR EVERY INPUT:

The Hash of the incoming transaction
ScriptSig

FOR EVERY OUTPUT:

Value
ScriptPubKey

Now my question is: what kind of informations are implicitly contained in the ScriptSig? I know that from ScriptPubKey the destination address can be calculated, but i don't see if any other information can be retrieved from the ScriptSig.

Furthermore, if only the hash of the incoming transaction is stored, how does a node look for the incoming transaction on the blockchain, when it needs to validate the new transaction? And how does it know in which block that transaction is included?
If it doesn't know in which block that transaction is, does it have to skim through the whole blockchain just for finding it?


texts: What Prevents the number of Bitcoins from being increased? After 21 Million?

texts:
Can the bitcoin MAX_MONEY attribute simply be changed from 21 Million to a higher number? If not what prevents this from being done?

What would happen to existing addresses and accounts if MAX_MONEY is changed and recompiled?


texts: Is it possible to set up electrum server for other alternative currencies

texts:
Here i am asking this question for knowing that the electrum wallet can support other currencies like peercoin novacoin etc.

If you know something about this then please revert me and also please give any reference for how to do that ..

Thanks in advance..


texts: How relative can be "Blockchain" and "Social Network Applications"?

texts:
We hear too much of using Blockchain for "Social Network Applications" (such as Facebook or tweeter) !

I really do NOT understand how blockchain  can be useful for Facebook or tweeter ?! Where, data in social networks applications are not (and must not be) immutable and transparent to everyone.

Assuming someone in one of the social networks applications writes a new comment, this comment will then be verified in a central server of that company and if everything would be right, the comment will appear in the App. This user may then decide to delete this comment. Under some conditions, it will be disappeared from the App.

From my point of view, implementing such scenario based on an open and permission-less Blockchain is not feasible at all. And if Blockchin is private and permissioned, then chaining blocks (Blockchain) do NOT make sense, where the entire chain can be replaced by another one by that company.

Am I wrong?

Can anyone explain one of the use cases of Blockchain for Social Networks?


texts:
I am new with crypto and need your help!
I create a Reddcoin Paper Wallet with a generator from walletgenerator.net I already deposited an amount there! Now I have another reddcoin address where I want to transfer my amount from Paper Wallet! Can you help me with the transfer steps! I installed the wallet on my browser and it says he need to be synchronised with the net (it is about two years back: so it take a time to synchronise) I have the public address and the secret address! How can I open my old wallet to transfer to another address? Thank you for your support!


texts: It was asked elsewhere, but I'm re-asking the question in a less time sensitive way. Can you please list some of the techniques, charts, spreadsheets, calculators or other tools that help someone to compute mining profitability?


texts:
On Sep 17 I wanted to transfer 0.001 BTC from one Blockchain.info account (bitcoin address 1BFFtYPgtaZUHujDqiehqSseZvuUzJQxki) to another Blockchain.info account (bitcoin address 1DE4VjkipjVEoevVJCpLQARZcYdDvZgcow): transaction 2e358fe6cd80b998eeb3f4378ab0fdbcc8d78e5898a8ebf232394a96908d84be.

I got an email notification about this transaction:

  Subject: Bitcoin Payment Received
  Date: Wed, 17 Sep 2014 18:41:17 +0000 (UTC)

  Payment Received Notification
  A Payment has been received into your bitcoin wallet.
  2e358fe6cd80b998eeb3f4378ab0fdbcc8d78e5898a8ebf232394a96908d84be
  1BFFtYPgtaZUHujDqiehqSseZvuUzJQxki -> 1DE4VjkipjVEoevVJCpLQARZcYdDvZgcow 0.001 BTC

Some days later I got the following email:

  Subject: Bitcoin Transaction Failed
  Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 19:03:34 +0000 (UTC)

  Transaction Confirmation Failed
  A transaction made through Blockchain.info has been removed from our database because it was taking a long time to be included in a block.
  Any funds have been returned to your wallet and you can now spend the coins again. Please consider including a larger fee in future transactions.

This happend because I have not included any transaction fee, I know. But I also got this email:

  Subject: Bitcoin Payment Received
  Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 02:41:23 +0000 (UTC)

  Payment Received Notification
  A Payment has been received into your bitcoin wallet.
  2e358fe6cd80b998eeb3f4378ab0fdbcc8d78e5898a8ebf232394a96908d84be
  1BFFtYPgtaZUHujDqiehqSseZvuUzJQxki -> 1DE4VjkipjVEoevVJCpLQARZcYdDvZgcow 0.001 BTC

I took no action on the evening of Sep 19. I noticed the latest 2 mails on the morning of Sep 20. This new transaction was created automatically by Blockcain.info. Since the second email said A transaction made through Blockchain.info has been removed from our database [...] I thought the transaction has been deleted but the new transaction ID is the same as on Sep 17.

If you look at Blockchain.info Transaction 2e358fe6cd80b998eeb3f4378ab0fdbcc8d78e5898a8ebf232394a96908d84be you can see Received Time 2014-09-20 02:41:16, not the original date 2014-09-17.

Why have both transactions the same ID?
Why do Blockchain.info automatically create a transaction without asking the user?


texts: Can someone outline the full pros/cons of the various Replace-By-Fee proposals?

texts: I've done some research myself, but I find that I'm either biased myself, or my sources themselves are biased. Does anyone have an objective analysis of the various proposals and their advantages/disadvantages? First-seen-safe, child-pays-for-parent, full-RBF are the ones I know about, but would happily read more proposals if they're out there.


texts: I want to print privatekey into block of steel, but I have only uppercase letters, so I wonder if privatekey is case sensitive?


texts: Is Bitcoin database cross platform compatible?

texts:
I want to use my Windows 7 Bitcoin database (the block chain I downloaded + my wallets) on Linux (Debian). I run Debian as VirtualBox guest on Windows 7 host and share the Bitcoin data folder (C:/Users/Username/AppData/Roaming/Bitcoin/) as a folder to Debian.

However bitcoind on Debian with proper -datadir parameter says "Error opening block database. Do you want to rebuild the block database now?" message. This brings me to the question whether the databases are compatible between Windows and Linux at all.

Edit 1:
I am using one Bitcoin instance at a time. I realized I get the same error even when using en empty data directory that is mounted via VirtualBox on the host.

Here is the debug.log (same for empty or full data directory):

2013-12-22 20:49:07 Bitcoin version v0.8.6-dirty-beta (2013-12-05 13:11:26 +0100)
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Using OpenSSL version OpenSSL 1.0.1e 11 Feb 2013
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Default data directory /home/kozuch/.bitcoin
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Using data directory /home/kozuch/vboxshare2
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Using at most 125 connections (1024 file descriptors available)
2013-12-22 20:49:07 init message: Verifying wallet...
2013-12-22 20:49:07 dbenv.open LogDir=/home/kozuch/vboxshare2/database ErrorFile=/home/kozuch/vboxshare2/db.log
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Bound to [::]:8333
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Bound to 0.0.0.0:8333
2013-12-22 20:49:07 init message: Loading block index...
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Opening LevelDB in /home/kozuch/vboxshare2/blocks/index
2013-12-22 20:49:07 : Error opening block database.
Do you want to rebuild the block database now?
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Shutdown : In progress...
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Flush(false)
2013-12-22 20:49:07 DBFlush(false) ended               0ms
2013-12-22 20:49:07 StopNode()
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Flushed 0 addresses to peers.dat  4ms
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Flush(true)
2013-12-22 20:49:07 DBFlush(true) ended               1ms
2013-12-22 20:49:07 Shutdown : done

Seems like the problem might be with following:

ErrorFile=/home/kozuch/vboxshare2/db.log

Edit 2:
There also is a .lock file with 0 size in the datadir after I get the error.

Edit 3:
So "ErrorFile=/home/kozuch/vboxshare2/db.log" was not a problem. I get this error for a working instance locally (without shared data folder).


texts:
İn electrum's site;

  Create a file that contains only the private key:

  -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- your private key
  -----BEGIN END KEY-----

  Set the path to your the private key file with setconfig:

  electrum setconfig ssl_privkey /path/to/ssl.key

  Create another file, file that contains your certificate, and the list
  of certificates it depends on, up to the root CA. Your certificate
  must be at the top of the list, and the root CA at the end.

  -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- your cert
  -----END CERTIFICATE-----
  -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- intermediate cert
  -----END CERTIFICATE-----
  -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- root cert
  -----END CERTIFICATE-----

  Set the ssl_chain path with setconfig:

  electrum setconfig ssl_chain /path/to/ssl.chain

I'm working on localhost only. I created a self-signed cert. I have ".key" and ".crt" files. But have not a ".chain" file?

How can I come from above? Thx...


texts: Why do we need two different formats of WIF (wallet import format)?

texts: I know that a public key can be compressed. However, a public key and its compressed one have the same private key. Then why do we need two different Wallet import formats for each compressed and uncompressed one?


texts: BTC received in BECH32 (P2WPKH) format address not exist in Electrum

texts:
I sent some BTC to a BECH32 (P2WPKH) format address. (details of the transaction)
I imported the private key(wif) in Electrum, but I can't find the income?
I am sure I sent to the right address and imported the right wif. How can I get the incomes?
Thanks a lot!


texts: Is declining number of peers (hosts) threatening the network?

texts: I found out here that the number of total network hosts basically went down to 1/3 during the last year. Does this mean the network is less secure because fewer people run it despite the total hashing speed is still growing?


texts: blockchain.info: "No operations allowed after connection closed."

texts: It's not allowing me to see any TX's or addresses. It just says "No operations allowed after connection closed. Connection closed after inability to pick valid new connection during fail-over."


texts:
If UASF activates, are blocks found by ASICBoost still valid on UASF nodes?

I understand that segwit is a softfork and that hence the segwit changes makes some blocks that were previously valid now invalid (including those using tx malleability).

I've got basically one question but I cannot formulate it well enough, so I'm breaking it into several questions.

Once segwit shall be activated, does it mean that ASIC miners using ASICBoost miners won't be able to mine on that chain at all anymore?

What about when UASF activates on august 1st 2017 (if it activates)? Does it mean that UASF nodes won't accept block found by ASIC miners using ASICBoost?

Are all the current ASICs using ASICBoost good for the trash should the UASF chain win?


texts:
I've heard the term several times. I know that it's an online currency, but I'd like to know more, without having to search too hard.

My main questions:

What can bitcoins be used for?
Where does one acquire bitcoins?
When were they first created?


texts: Two errors when trying to run make command

texts:
I am trying to build Bitcoin Core on MacOs.
Followed instructions here https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/master/doc/build-osx.md
When I run make command, I get these two errors

2 errors generated.
make[2]: *** [libbitcoin_server_a-miner.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1

Tried sudo make but results are the same.
Bitcoin core version I'm working with is 0.15.0 (I know it's old but I'm trying to follow instructions from the 'Mastering Bitcoin' book)
EDIT : FULL ERROR

In file included from /usr/local/include/boost/multi_index/ordered_index.hpp:17:
/usr/local/include/boost/multi_index/detail/ord_index_impl.hpp:1253:26: error:
no matching function for call to object of type 'const
boost::multi_index::detail::ordered_index_implboost::multi_index::identity<CTxMemPoolModifiedEntry,
CompareModifiedEntry, boost::multi_index::detail::nth_layer<2,
CTxMemPoolModifiedEntry,
boost::multi_index::indexed_by<boost::multi_index::ordered_unique<modifiedentry_iter,
CompareCTxMemPoolIter, mpl_::na>,
boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ancestor_score,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na>,
boost::multi_index::identity,
CompareModifiedEntry>, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na>,
std::1::allocator >,
boost::mpl::v_item<ancestor_score, boost::mpl::vector0<mpl::na>, 0>,
boost::multi_index::detail::ordered_non_unique_tag,
boost::multi_index::detail::null_augment_policy>::key_compare' (aka 'const
CompareModifiedEntry')
return y==header()||!comp(key(y->value()),key(v));
^~~~~
./miner.h:74:10: note: candidate function not viable: 'this' argument has type
'const
boost::multi_index::detail::ordered_index_implboost::multi_index::identity<CTxMemPoolModifiedEntry,
CompareModifiedEntry, boost::multi_index::detail::nth_layer<2,
CTxMemPoolModifiedEntry,
boost::multi_index::indexed_by<boost::multi_index::ordered_unique<modifiedentry_iter,
CompareCTxMemPoolIter, mpl_::na>,
boost::multi_index::ordered_non_unique<boost::multi_index::tag<ancestor_score,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na>,
boost::multi_index::identity,
CompareModifiedEntry>, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na,
mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na, mpl_::na>,
std::_1::allocator >,
boost::mpl::v_item<ancestor_score, boost::mpl::vector0<mpl::na>, 0>,
boost::multi_index::detail::ordered_non_unique_tag,
boost::multi_index::detail::null_augment_policy>::key_compare' (aka 'const
CompareModifiedEntry'), but method is not marked const
bool operator()(const CTxMemPoolModifiedEntry &a, const CTxMemPoolMo...
^
2 errors generated.
make[2]: *** [libbitcoin_server_a-miner.o] Error 1
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1


texts: Is it a way to restore private key from 12-phrase?

texts: I can not restore my wallet from Copay even though I have the 12-word. Is it a way to convert back 'manually' with an other external solution and get the private key? Is the 12-word key storage a universal thing, or only Copay, Bitpay uses it?


texts: I know that bitcoin is supposed to have an almost fixed supply of 'coins' (with a maximum of 21.000.000 bitcoins) and technically it can't be expanded. If I store my bitcoins in a third-party e-wallet, or I have bitcoins in an account in a bitcoin exchange, for example, is it possible for this third party to lend my bitcoins (through leveraging for example) and thus increase the money supply by creating debt? If so, is there any regulation or fractional reserve requirement for these institutions? And finally, can this expansion of the money supply affect the price of bitcoin?


texts: These testnet outputs are not making sense to me

texts:
Today I took some time to mess around with the bit Python library, which I find pretty easy to use. I have been wanting to do some Bitcoin programming for a while, so I decided to create a simple web wallet to test creating and broadcasting transactions. I'm obviously using testnet for this.

I initially used a testnet faucet to send two transactions to a main address, 0.0005 and 0.0001 tBTC to get started. I used my code to check for this address' balance and got 0.0006, cool. I then proceeded to used my newly developed web wallet to send two transactions to another address, both with a value of 0.00001 tBTC. I immediately noticed the balance from my main address was off, showing me 0.000028 tBTC which to me makes no sense, it should have been something close to 0.00058. I used blockcypher to check on those transactions (which are unconfirmed, but I believe this is irrelevant) to make sure my code was ok. Sure enough, 0.00001 tBTC was sent twice to the correct address, but the change sent back to the sender address is way off. What exactly happened here?

I include the transactions here and here.

Thanks in advance!


texts: Invalid Argument Error when broadcasting a transaction with Bitcore

texts:
When I try to broadcast a transaction, I'm having this error:

/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/node_modules/bitcore-lib/lib/util/preconditions.js:14
throw new errors.InvalidArgument(argumentName, message, docsPath);
^
Invalid Argument Error
at NodeError (/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/node_modules/bitcore-lib/lib/errors/index.js:20:41)
at Object.checkArgument (/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/node_modules/bitcore-lib/lib/util/preconditions.js:14:13)
at Insight.broadcast (/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/lib/insight.js:96:5)
at /home/aziz/node_modules/megachain-bitcoin.js:39:12
at Request._callback (/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/lib/insight.js:80:12)
at Request.self.callback (/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/node_modules/request/request.js:188:22)
at emitTwo (events.js:106:13)
at Request.emit (events.js:194:7)
at Request.<anonymous> (/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/node_modules/request/request.js:1171:10)
at emitOne (events.js:96:13)
at Request.emit (events.js:191:7)
at IncomingMessage.<anonymous> (/home/aziz/node_modules/bitcore-explorers/node_modules/request/request.js:1091:12)
at Object.onceWrapper (events.js:293:19)
at emitNone (events.js:91:20)
at IncomingMessage.emit (events.js:188:7)
at endReadableNT (_stream_readable.js:975:12)
at _combinedTickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:80:11)
at process._tickCallback (internal/process/next_tick.js:104:9)

And this is my code:

var bitcore = require('bitcore-lib');
var explorers = require('bitcore-explorers');
var insight = new explorers.Insight('testnet');

    var sendBTC = function (SenderPrivateKey, SenderAddress, ReceiverAddress, Amount) //adresses in string format
    {
        SenderPrivateKey = new bitcore.PrivateKey(SenderPrivateKey,'testnet');
        ReceiverAddress = new bitcore.Address(ReceiverAddress,'testnet');
        SenderAddress = SenderPrivateKey.toAddress();
        console.log(SenderPrivateKey);
        console.log(SenderAddress);
        console.log(ReceiverAddress);

        insight.getUnspentUtxos(SenderAddress, function(err, utxos) {
            if (err) {
                console.log(err);
            } else {
                var tx = bitcore.Transaction();
                tx.from(utxos);
                tx.to(ReceiverAddress, 500000);
                tx.change(SenderAddress);
                tx.sign(SenderPrivateKey);
                tx.serialize();

                insight.broadcast(tx, function(err, txId) {
                    if (err) {
                        console.log('Error!:'+err);
                    } else {
                        console.log('Successfully sent: '+txId);
                    }
                });

            }
        });
    }

Can someone help me? thanks!


texts: Why do hard forks need special rules to allow replay protection?

texts:
I've seen a lot of methods hard forked chains use to provide both strong and opt-in replay protection so that transactions are only valid on one of the chains. Examples of such rules include using a transaction-invalidating output, and using a specific OP_RETURN string.

My question is why are any of these mechanisms neccessary to protect a holder from replay attack? More specifically, why can't a person who holds coins pre-fork protect themselves simply by spending a pair of coin-splitting transactions on each chain like this:

Alice has sole knowledge of the private key needed to spend UTXO A which is valued at 1 "LegacyCoin" before the hard fork.
Hard fork creates a new coin called "NewCoin" based on the blockchain history  of LegacyCoin.

UTXO A now contains 1 LegacyCoin according to the LegacyCoin network and 1 NewCoin according to  the NewCoin network because that's how hard forks work.

Alice creates and signs two transactions: one that spends A to B and one that spends A to C (both of which Alice also has sole knowlege of the priavte key).
Alice then simultaneously broadcasts these signed transactions on the two networks: broadcasting the transaction A->B only on the LegacyCoin network and the transaction A->C only on the NewCoin network.
Both transactions get confirmed on their respective networks and now Alice has effectively split the original value of UTXO A into the two blockchains in complete absence of any replay protection mechanisms implemented by NewCoin. The coins can now be concidered split because even if she spends B, no one else can spend C (and vice versa) becuase they are different UTXOs and require different signatures to spend. Also, obviously no one can spend A because it is already spent on both chains.

Why is statement in step 5 not true? Where does this logic break down requiring actual replay protection mechanism to be implemented by hard-forked chains?


texts:
I've trying to parse some data from the blockchain as provided by blockchain.info

My question is about transactions that have multiple inputs like this one:

https://www.blockchain.com/btc/tx/0370881edfb32d3a7059bbbec6d923add2e016c41cdc9abafd1f1c52adf3ac9e

What does is mean to have input from multiple wallet addresses?

Are each of the wallets mentioned on the left hand side here always from the same person (ie. perhaps change wallets)?
Or, is this transaction taking inputs from multiple (unrelated) people/wallets?


texts: What is the difference between reliance on miners on Drivechains and Lightning?

texts:
It's commonly said that the Drivechains proposal gives much power to miners and that they can steal money from these drivechains, but I keep thinking that if what they can do is to vote on which transaction will be able to spend from the hashrate-controlled escrow, then if a majority of miners collude they vote on a steal transaction, fine.

Now, a majority of miners can also steal the funds from Lightning channels they're participating in if they are able to spend an old channel state and don't allow the new state or the penalty transaction to be published in time.

Some differences between the two steal attempts are:

To steal on Drivechain the colluding miners don't ever have to orphan blocks.
They can steal all the Drivechain funds at once.

Are these the crucial differences? Do they make Lightning inherently safer than Drivechains? What am I missing?


texts: How to access locally stored inventory data?

texts:
I'm looking for objects in the source code of Bitcoin Core that record all block inventories distinguished by their miners - Is there a container that keeps track of blocks on chainActive and stores it to disk?
I'm trying to find analogs for what is defined as private and public branch in the paper about the Selfish Mine Attack.

NOTE:
As I noticed by some tests, vInventoryToSend and setInventoryKnown don't seem to be very helpul in their actual form:
vInventoryToSend temporarily stores only freshly self-mined blocks and setInventoryKnown stores all blocks, no matter if self-mined, received or even outside of chainActive.


texts: Given a transaction hash, how do you get the block the transaction was included in?

texts:
I'm using Blockchain.info's api:

https://blockchain.info/api/blockchain_api

I understand that it is impossible for a transaction to know which block it will be included in but maybe one could use the block height to match the tx to the block?


texts: pycoin deriving wrong addresses from private key

texts:
a well known private key is the sha256 hash of correct horse battery staple it yields:

uncompressed address 1JwSSubhmg6iPtRjtyqhUYYH7bZg3Lfy1T
compressed address 1C7zdTfnkzmr13HfA2vNm5SJYRK6nEKyq8

however i am unable to reproduce this result on pycoin 0.53. the sha256 hash is

c4bbcb1fbec99d65bf59d85c8cb62ee2db963f0fe106f483d9afa73bd4e39a8a

but when i use the command-line utility ku in pycoin to import this secret in hex it does not yield the above addresses:

$ ku H:c4bbcb1fbec99d65bf59d85c8cb62ee2db963f0fe106f483d9afa73bd4e39a8a

input                        : H:c4bbcb1fbec99d65bf59d85c8cb62ee2db963f0fe106f483d9afa73bd4e39a8a
network                      : Bitcoin mainnet
netcode                      : BTC
wallet key                   : xprv9s21ZrQH143K2yLSxbXemfny4nZroqhpiXEQ1MYx8vo2k7HRXypsWesNr7GkWT\
                                 uU9CeaW7QeR38NjjaSfZBAAZVkVEpXwEkxLLXP2q1iFUd
public version               : xpub661MyMwAqRbcFTQv4d4f8ojhcpQMDJRg5k9zojxZhGL1cuca5X984TBrhQw9ZJ\
                                 nvDdzsrjWG8nv4fsWjSU9HpX7pR3RKh2mezryhwXqvkF3
tree depth                   : 0
fingerprint                  : b501bac5
parent f'print               : 00000000
child index                  : 0
chain code                   : 5bbf1322eb26e8568dab5fdb60eb1dce21b0184ba5f6302a363d3d6fa673c630
private key                  : yes
secret exponent              : 10158881283648126355615721166211734569721037983262304808955335053160859610224
 hex                         : 1675b9196a0315b28d60cf62d835ca9e0c7756655f1ae267e72e87cd94f4ac70
wif                          : KwyNQchak8YmPrMjiZubCDbTGupAFPjQGp2A1mE2feyEkgjhPzNF
 uncompressed                : 5HzBHgMXJUYDKmiQGmACNaDLYhWiWziKsFjQLf7aTRv52NeoYhE
public pair x                : 51123819464118526280373633109955475860846079595385829435773454059765711587420
public pair y                : 69375255639189423482159707295881791099365542658018779127323111014791716296211
 x as hex                    : 71070e700787e78e1810b2843c0723fcf25643f9de9bb90fca95ca2941dd485c
 y as hex                    : 996100d13953e2d4815df164d89d27e8af148c31e2847631acc45928c89c5613
y parity                     : odd
key pair as sec              : 0371070e700787e78e1810b2843c0723fcf25643f9de9bb90fca95ca2941dd485c
 uncompressed                : 0471070e700787e78e1810b2843c0723fcf25643f9de9bb90fca95ca2941dd485c\
                                 996100d13953e2d4815df164d89d27e8af148c31e2847631acc45928c89c5613
hash160                      : b501bac5295fc5a812879a5483c456b554e0f994
 uncompressed                : c76a0a580bb6582e3f7e5e80324b0241b63f6eeb
Bitcoin address              : 1HW5NtrRYqmvvF36hxvGFf7e4F2voLyVk2
Bitcoin address uncompressed : 1KBQVzU9DnJCDZPe1r1T9SkrJAniJ2PUCx


texts:
I'm messing around with the bitcoind daemon and I now stumbled upon accounts. As far as I now understand, my bitcoin installation has one wallet, which contains one or more addresses. In general, you will want to use an address to receive money on only once. So for every new incoming transaction I create a new address (getnewaddress). As I list my available addresses I see that each address also has an account, which is in my installation always defined as "" (empty). In the bitcoind API calls list I see a command called setaccount.

I now wonder though, what would I need an account for? Is that something similar to tagging emails (effectively grouping them together), or does an account entail something else?

What would be common use-cases in which I would want to use accounts?


texts: Why are fiat Currencies inflationary and Bitcoin deflationary?

texts:
Why are all fiat currencies inflationary, and lose value with time? Could governments make them deflationary? What are the advantages of inflationary currency compared with deflationary currency?

Why was Bitcoin chosen to be deflationary (limited number of total coins)?


texts: Can Litecoin mining be bottle-necked by motherboard/cpu?

texts:
So I brought 2x Sapphire Vapore-X R9 280X video card.  I am only doing 550kh/s each while on my other more powerful setup with the same card get about 750kh/s.  I am wondering if the motherboard/cpu matters?  Here is what I got on my new rig:

Asus P5K

Intel Core 2 Duo @ 2.66Ghz

2GB DDR2 Memory

As far as my research goes, this should all be fine, but at the end, the hash rate does not lie, what am I doing wrong?


texts:
I can't get the BFGminer to work on my Windows 7 machine. I've followed the instructions on https://www.btcguild.com/index.php?page=support. But when ever I run bfgminer.exe I get the following message at the top:

Waiting for devices; press 'M+' to add, or 'Q' to quit

I want to use my GPU, as I don't have any FPGA or ASIC devices yet. Can anyone help out?


texts:
On coinbase.com I tried to sell some bitcoins and was told I had to register a bank account.  I'd have expected that only if I were trying to withdraw dollars, euros, etc., from coinbase.  On mtgox one can sell bitcoins and have dollars in one's account.  Is that impossible on coinbase?  If so, how long does it take to move dollars to coinbase from a bank account and buy bitcoins?  If the price of a bitcoin goes up to what looks like an absurdly high price and I suspect it's a bubble that will burst, I might want to sell bitcoins and then 12 hours later, buy more at a lower price.  But if it takes a few days to get money back and forth between coinbase and a bank account, and it that must be done in order to do such trading, then coinbase is not the place to do it.

So what can and cannot be done there?


texts: How do I recover from a cryptocurrency scam?

texts:
I lost about $45,000 to crypto investment scam just recently. The
company posed as an investment company that could deliver a certain
percentage in returns if you deposit your Bitcoin with them. At first, it
seemed real, it worked twice. I didn't realize they set up a bot(robot)
that will completely shutdown your account after you have decided to invest
high. I suddenly couldn’t access my profile, I complained to the admin, he
gave a excuses that they had a downtime and needed to upgrade their
website, this took over 2 months. Within that period,I begin to suspect i
have been scammed. I contacted my bank to see if they could do anything about this situation, they couldn’t. Local police say it’s impossible to get my money back.

Can anyone help me ? This has made me really frustrated as I invested all my savings.


texts:
I get the following error:

dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/libcrypto.1.0.0.dylib
  Referenced from: /usr/local/bin/bitcoind
  Reason: image not found
Abort trap: 6

Recompiling fails too with similar "abort trap" messages.

I am 99% sure I have messed up my openssl stuff in some way, though am unsure how to rectify that.


texts: What is the correct code flow while sending a message

texts:
I have a fundamental doubt wrt boost signaling used in bitcoin. As far as I understand the following happens between main.cpp and init.cpp:

StartNode() spawns a thread ThreadMessageHandler
ThreadMessageHandler issues a boost signal SendMessages
SendMessages() does the sending of messages (like PING or INV)

Is my understanding correct? Why do we invoke a boost signal and complicate ? Why not a simple function call to SendMessages() in main.cpp would not do the equivalent?

Any expert please explain the flow of code here.

Update

Code Snippet1 (Original Bitcoin)

if (lockSend)
     g_signals.SendMessages(pnode);

Code Snippet2 (My Attempt):

if (lockSend)
     SendMessages(pnode);


texts: How do I reconfigure Abe to work with Litecoin?

texts: I succesfully launced this image. But I need one more instance as Litecoin blockchain explorer. How to configure it properly? Docker is not necessary


texts: Help running cgminer on Ubuntu 14.04 - waiting for USB hotplug devices, and other errors

texts:
I'm a total noob regarding bitcoin mining, I've installed cgminer using apt-get install but I can't get it to work.

I start it with this command:

./cgminer  -o stratum+tcp://www.albamine.net:3333 -u Weblogin.WorkerName -p WorkerPassword

I followed these instructions:  (I'm mining for scotcoin.)

  Install Ubuntu
  Install updates
  sudo apt-get update
  Install updates for your graphics card
  Install misc packages
  sudo apt-get install gedit git libcurl4-openssl-dev libncurses5-dev pkg-config automake yasm
  Edit grub configuration
  sudo gedit /etc/default/grub
  Edit GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 to GRUB_TIMEOUT="10"
  sudo update-grub
  Download ATI OpenCL drivers. Untar it and run the script inside.
  Reboot.
  git clone git://github.com/ckolivas/cgminer
  Download the ADL SDK. Unzip it. Copy the include directory into cgminer, and name it ADL_SDK
  Check dependencies for cgminer.
  cd ~/cgminer
  ./autogen.sh
  Create the build script:
  CFLAGS="-O2 -Wall -march=native -I /opt/AMDAPP/include/" LDFLAGS="-L/opt/AMDAPP/lib/x86_64" ./configure
  make
  Run using
  export DISPLAY=:0; export GPU_USE_SYNC_OBJECTS=1; ./cgminer -n

The first few times I tried I got an error that repeatedly said:

KnC spiL Can not open SPI device /dev/spidev1.0: No such file or directory.

NowI'm getting a terminal that looks like this, and I have no idea. I've googled select sections of the code but can't figure out what it's all about. Any suggestions would be gratefully received. Thanks.

Info. Running Ubuntu 14:04 on a System 76 Galago Ultra pro.


texts:
Im considering using listinceblock to monitor incoming bitcoins to my app.

What happens if the block returned by listsinceblock ends up being on a dead-end fork?


texts:
I am aware how to convert the private key into WIF format in python, now I am trying to reverse this process and convert a WIF formatted private key back into a 256-bit private key, following this guide: https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Wallet_import_format

This is the code to convert from 256-bit private key into WIF format:

import hashlib
import base58
import binascii

private_key_static = "0C28FCA386C7A227600B2FE50B7CAE11EC86D3BF1FBE471BE89827E19D72AA1D"
extended_key = "80"+private_key_static
first_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(binascii.unhexlify(extended_key)).hexdigest()
second_sha256 = hashlib.sha256(binascii.unhexlify(first_sha256)).hexdigest()

# add checksum to end of extended key
final_key = extended_key+second_sha256[:8]

# Wallet Import Format = base 58 encoded final_key
WIF = base58.b58encode(binascii.unhexlify(final_key))

print (WIF)

Now my attempt to reverse this process looks like this:

import hashlib
import base58
import binascii

private_key_WIF = 5HueCGU8rMjxEXxiPuD5BDku4MkFqeZyd4dZ1jvhTVqvbTLvyTJ
first_encode = base58.b58decode(binascii.hexlify(private_key_WIF))
print (first_encode)

Instead of receiving the byte string, I get following error:

TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'

(All private keys used are sample keys taken from Bitcoin Wiki.)


texts: I have 12 phrase recovery code for bitcoin wallet and I use it for purchased shop and for every deposit generate a new wallet now I restore my 12 word to blockchain and electrum and exodus and … but just show me first transaction and I can get access to my other wallet and balance I appreciate you if can help me


texts: Can payment from a P2SH address provide change to itself?

texts:
In the gavinandresen Multisig Test test, could change have been redirected to the originating 3QJmV3qfvL9SuYo34YihAf3sRCW3qSinyC P2SH address for the multisig payments?

In Mastering Bitcoin by Andreas M. Antonopoulos, Chapter 5. Transactions the following statement is made, and I would like to know if it invalidate my question above: "Note that you are not able to put a P2SH inside a P2SH redeem script, because the P2SH specification is not recursive."


texts: Would signature aggregation reduce the largest feasible blocksize

texts: If a Schnorr signature aggregation scheme were to be integrated into Bitcoin. Would the reduction in witness data versus non witness data (need less bytes for a signature therefore witness data usage would go down per tx) create a lower upper limit on potential blocksize (believe the realistic upper limit is 2.5 MB rn)?


texts: Could the price drop between July and September 2011 have been caused by a bot?

texts:
In July 2011, 1 BTC was trading at above $10 USD. By September, the price of 1 BTC had fallen over 50%, and at the time of writing (October 2011) 1 BTC is trading around $2.50 - $3.00 USD.

In a forum thread one of the pool operators for bitcoinpool claims this is due to some bot forcing the prices down:

  Fairuser detected a buy/sell bot on the better portion of exchanges
  (currently, only Bitmarket (EUR) seems unaffected) that is
  consistently keeping the value of BTC low while it's generating tens
  of thousands of dollars worth of transactions across the exchanges at
  a profit of 2 - 40 cents per transaction. We're still unsure if it's
  intentionally dropping the price, or if it's just a side-effect of the
  way the bot is designed.

  Either way, the bot is entirely responsible for the price drop from
  $10 USD to $5 USD.

Is there any evidence of such a phenomenon, and if so, what could be done to stop it?


texts: Unable to install Bitcoin Core on my MacOS High Sierra

texts:
I'm trying to install Bitcoin Core (downloaded from bitcoin.org/en/download) on my MacOS High Sierra. But, I'm repeatedly getting the error The document "Bitcoin-Core" could not be opened. Finder cannot open files in the "volume" format.

Tried to google about it. But, didn't get any information about this error. Need some help to install this on my machine.

Currently using MacOS High Sierra(10.13.6).


texts: I know that it's possible to sort through the blockchain history for your bitcoins, however it is difficult to trace back your coins to when they were originally mined due to bitcoin mixers.  Is it possible to create a tool that will give a complete history of your coins?  More specifically, is it conceivable that at some point regulators may distinguish between "dirty" and "clean" bitcoins, where "dirty" bitcoins are anything that have passed through a wallet of a known criminal?  Even with bitcoin mixers?


texts:
I'm a newbie to bitcoin and having a hard time trying to take part of a pool. I subscribed to various ones, including :
eu.p2pool.cloud or give-me-coins

And mining from windows with the following soft:
guiminer.org

For instance, in order to mine on eu.p2pool.cloud, I'm entering the following parameters in the gui:

Host: eu.p2pool.cloud
Port: 9332
username: 1NMNeA1ViusfvmX9mwNe2UiGUcNHwSaWL4 (this is my payout address)
password: xxx

Selecting my GPU, and having ~20MHashs/s displayed in the GUI. My fan is working a lot so I'm guessing calculations are really happening.

Letting it run for about 20 mins...

And when I'm logging in http://eu.p2pool.cloud/#/user I'm seeing 0 everywhere, bitcoin count, Hash/s etc.

I understand I am very very unlikely to get a bitcoin with my machine in such a short amount of time, but why I'm seeing 0 even on Hash/s ?

Same happens for give-me-coins.

Am I missing something ?

Thanks a lot


texts: Unable to send total amount of bitcoin even after deducting the transaction fee what do I do?

texts: Hi I recently imported a wallet to blockchain wallet from a backup, the wallet and everything shows up and everything but since the imported wallet is not protected by the backup phrase and not as secure as if the funds were directly imported into blockchains "My Wallet", when I try to send the total amount in my imported wallet to the blockchains "my wallet" it only allows me to transfer partial funds and not the whole amount even with the blockchain transaction fee deducted and set to regular the numbers don't add up, I have 4.56093409 in my imported wallet and with the fee of 0.0015431 it should allow me to send 4.55939099 however it only allows me to send something like 3.4889... so what do I do? also same thing happens when I try to transfer the funds to "my wallet" from under my security and addresses tab. Please help Thank you


texts:
I was working with a broker, now my "bitcoins" are in "blockchain", and I have no trace.

How do I find them? How do I find said blockchain and bitcoins ?


texts: What are secure ways to spend lot of bitcoins on offline generated address with keys on paper wallet

texts:
Suppose I have lot of bitcoins on offline generated address and private key stored on paper wallet.

Now I want to spend/sell these bitcoins. What are secure and effective ways to do this?

I will need to load the bitcoins at this offline address into some wallet (say Electrum). So do I need to load all the bitcoins, or only some? How do I do it?

So I have to EITHER sign an offline transaction made by Electrum (to send some btc to a exchange) http://docs.electrum.org/en/latest/coldstorage.html or SWEEP them to Electrum on online computer (all btc) http://docs.electrum.org/en/latest/faq.html#can-i-sweep-private-keys-from-other-bitcoin-clients

Am I right?

What the ways to spend such large number of bitcoins on offline address and private key?


texts: How to Pay to Multisig Wallet Using python-bitcoinrpc?

texts:
How do I pay to a multisig wallet?  I am using the Python API (based on python-bitcoinrpc) that ships with the bitcoin source code, in directory bitcoin/test/functional.  I'm using regtest.

I call createmultisig() in order to generate a P2SH address.  I create a CTransaction object.  I attempt to append to the vout list a CTxOut object that pays to the P2SH address, but this operation corrupts the object.  I think I need to do something to the P2SH address before passing it as an input to the CTxOut object, but I can't figure out what.

Below is the script for my unit test.  The line where it goes wrong is:

tx1.vout.append(CTxOut(int(8 * COIN), madd))

After that the tx1 object is corrupted and when I subsequently try to print it to the log, the operation fails with the error TypeError: can't concat str to bytes.

Any idea what I'm doing wrong?

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import pprint

from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
from test_framework.messages import CTransaction, CTxIn, CTxOut, COutPoint, ToHex, COIN
from test_framework.script import CScript, CScriptOp, OP_1, OP_DROP, OP_2, OP_HASH160, OP_EQUAL, hash160, OP_TRUE, OP_DUP, OP_EQUALVERIFY, OP_CHECKSIG
from test_framework.util import hex_str_to_bytes, bytes_to_hex_str
from test_framework.address import byte_to_base58

class RawTxTest(BitcoinTestFramework):

    def set_test_params(self):
        self.num_nodes = 2
        self.extra_args = [[],["-txindex"]]

    def run_test(self):
        """Main test logic"""

        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG START")

        # initialize node variables
        n0 = self.nodes[0]
        n1 = self.nodes[1]

        # initialize wallet and address
        w0 = n1.createwallet(wallet_name="test_wallet")
        w0_rpc = n1.get_wallet_rpc('test_wallet')
        addr0 = w0_rpc.getnewaddress()
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG addr0={addr0}")

        # TRANSACTION #0 - pay from node 0 to addr0
        txid0 = n0.sendtoaddress(addr0, 10.0)
        n0.generate(6)
        self.sync_all()

        # dump the transaction
        raw_tx0 = w0_rpc.getrawtransaction(txid0, True)
        s = pprint.pformat(raw_tx0)
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG tx={s}")

        # write the balance to the log
        bal0 = w0_rpc.getbalance()
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG bal0={bal0:f}")

        # TRANSACTION #1 - Pay from addr0 to multisig
        NUM_SIGS=2  # M
        NUM_KEYS=3  # N
        add = [w0_rpc.getnewaddress() for _ in range(NUM_KEYS)]
        pub = [w0_rpc.getaddressinfo(a)["pubkey"] for a in add]
        msig = w0_rpc.createmultisig(NUM_KEYS, pub, "bech32")
        madd = msig["address"]
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG madd={madd}")

        tx1 = CTransaction()
        vout = [v["n"] for v in raw_tx0["vout"] if addr0 in v["scriptPubKey"].get("addresses", [])]
        assert len(vout) == 1
        v = vout[0]

        # append the input
        tx1.vin.append(CTxIn(COutPoint(int(txid0, 16), v)))

        # dump the tx to the log
        s = pprint.pformat(w0_rpc.decoderawtransaction(ToHex(tx1)))
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG tx={s}")

        # append the output
        tx1.vout.append(CTxOut(int(8 * COIN), madd))

        # dump the tx to the log
        s = pprint.pformat(w0_rpc.decoderawtransaction(ToHex(tx1)))
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG tx={s}")

        priv1 = w0_rpc.dumpprivkey(addr0)
        tx1 = w0_rpc.signrawtransactionwithkey(ToHex(tx1), [priv1])["hex"]
        txid1 = n1.sendrawtransaction(tx1, True)
        n0.generate(6)
        self.sync_all()

        # dump the transaction
        raw_tx1 = w0_rpc.getrawtransaction(txid1, True)
        s = pprint.pformat(raw_tx1)
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG tx={s}")

        # write the balance to the log
        bal1 = w0_rpc.getbalance()
        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG bal1={bal1:f}")

        self.log.info(f"\n    DEBUG END")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    RawTxTest().main()


texts:
I have created an android app for maintaining the portfolio. I have used the coinmarketcap.com API. This API does not have the data at exchange level.

I have tried https://min-api.cryptocompare.com/ this does not have the exchanges like some of the exchanges like https://koinex.in (or) Zebpay.com and the some crypto pairs.These are just some of the missing exchanges.

Is there is any API which has all the exchanges in the crypto world ?

I wonder how other apps are fetching all the possible exchanges and the crypto currency pairs. Please advice.


texts: Litecoin - Is better use a good CPU or good GPU?

texts:
I heard in some forums that mining Litecoin is better using a good CPU (Processor), different from Bitcoin that's better mine using a good GPU (Videoboard).

I want know, this is true? For litecoin, is better buy some good processor like i7 instead a good GPU? Litecoin really is better mined using CPU's?


texts: Is there any come back when an exchange goes bust?

texts:
I had .95btc in cryptsy.

The exchange is now bust with intermittent updates from 'big Vern'.

The authorities don't seem to care, fellow crypto enthusiasts just say things like, 'oh how stupid, never leave your coin in an exchange'.

Is there any regulation around exchanges at all, so that if they go bust, some protocol must be followed?

edit: Just to add cryptsy concealed the loss and continued to trade, if it were a bank there would be legal ramifications.  Exchanges are similar to banks, they have accounts with client money but none of the rules seem to apply.


texts: Why didn't my change come back to my wallet? And where is it now?

texts:
I sent a payment for 198.52 mBTC using Electrum. There were two outputs. One for 196.39 mBTC that arrived. There was another output of 2 mBTC that I'm assuming  was processed as change. Does anyone know where the 2 mBTC might have gone? It didn't arrive with the recipient and it didn't come back to my wallet as change.

I'm new to Bitcoin and I'm just concerned that in the future if I want to pay somebody, my payment may not reach them in full and, money during the transaction may disappear that I won't be able to recover. Both these things occured in this case and I'd like to understand why before I use Bitcoin for any more transactions.

Any help is greatly appreciated.


texts:
Oh, sorry. The question is really simple:

Do I need a wallet to start mining and "keep" this bitcoins?

or

Can I just stay with my bitcoins in my computer?


texts:
After doing some research on bitcoins and blockchain I have got the following doubts..
1. can I transfer bitcoins only after my transaction appears on the block and what happens if it doesn't appear?
2. The success of my transaction lies in the hands of the miners and not in my control.. yes?

Thanks in advance. Please also suggest relevant websites or material from which I can learn more about it.
Thanks again!


texts: What Means the Final Option in Bump Fee / Increase Fee Electrum Wallet Option

texts: Hello I want to know what will happen if i put my transaction as Final can saves fee or no?


texts: Make a spendable Bitcoin transaction with a message

texts:
I am trying to send a bitcoin transaction which encodes a message. I know about OP_RETURN however this makes the transaction un-spendable. I want to make a spendable transaction that contains a message.

This transaction's message needs to be publicly on the blockchain as well.

How can I do this? Any supporting code would also be much appreciated.


texts: Why did bech32 define a new base32 encoding scheme rather than use an existing one?

texts: There are multiple existing base32 encodings (RFC 3548/4648, z-base-32, Crockford's etc). Why did bech32 define a new one rather than use an existing one?


texts: As far as transferring goes from Robinhood to crypto.com

texts: If I put $1,000 into Robin Hood and coin goes down can I still transfer my thousand over to crypto coin to buy the same coin


texts: How does Bitcoin protect against doublespends?

texts:
I am trying to understand the blockchain and I have read a bunch of these explanations, but they all don't address some of the questions I am still wondering about. So first I'll explain what I know, and then list out some questions.

There is a ledger with everyone's transactions on it.
The ledger is duplicated on each node in the network.
Some nodes are miners. Nodes just store them and have other things read and update it. Miners create blocks and send to all nodes.

So say Alice has only $10 and gives $10 to Joe and $10 to Bob.

Two entries are sent to the network which is Alice->$10->Joe and Alice->$10->Bob.

Now every node will have pending transactions of either Alice->$10->Joe or Alice->$10->Bob.

A consensus happens to decide which of the two should be added first. (is it to figure out which happens first and second or which to accept and which to reject like not add to chain at all?)

The miners will keep hashing the Alice->$10->Joe or Alice->$10->Bob depending on which one the miner has. They keep doing it until a miner has a hash that is considered valid.

For the first valid hash of a miner, that miner sends that transactions to every node as a valid block, and all nodes just add it to their chain if it looks valid (they check too). Lets say Alice->$10->Bob got mined first, and added to all nodes.

Now the blockchain knows Alice has no money left.

Then Alice->$10->Joe gets mined, and sent to everyone, but they all reject it because Alice has no money left (this part I'm not sure about).

Or is it that both transactions get mined, but which ever the majority of miners are for a certain transaction after 10 minutes, that transaction is added and the other is rejected?

I'm still confused about how the consensus part works. How the majority part works and how things get mined. How does it work, if only 1 unique transaction goes in the network like Alice->$10->Joe and not Alice->$10->Bob?


texts: How do I iterate through the entire Blockchain using RPC?

texts:
I'd like to iterate through the entire block chain using RPC.  The process I intend to do is:

getblockhash 1
getblock (input of #1 here)
iterate through each transaction with GetRawtransaction (input of tx field here)
After getting all transactions, call getblockhash 2 (or goto nextblockhash in block)

I just want to make sure I'm enumerating the chain correctly


texts:
EXCEPTION: 11DbException
Db::get: Cannot allocate memory
bitcoin in ProcessMessage()

Downloaded 250k blocks, now it won't run anymore i'm running ubuntu 12.04, I have 20GB HD and 1gb ram. any way to fix without redownloading?


texts: Altcoin - genesis block - TypeError: __init__() takes exactly 2 arguments (3 given)

texts:
I'm trying to use the genesis script from innova to generate a genesis block of Xevan_hash

https://github.com/innovacoin/GenesisH0/blob/master/genesis.py

I'm using these parameters:
python genesis.py -a xevan_hash -z "a news string" -p "myprivate key"

and I always get this error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "genesis.py", line 224, in <module>
    main()
  File "genesis.py", line 15, in main
    tx = create_transaction(input_script, output_script, options)
  File "genesis.py", line 74, in create_transaction
    Bytes("version", 4),
TypeError: __init__() takes exactly 2 arguments (3 given)


texts:
I am setting up a Raspberry Pi 3 to be a full node and miner. I know I will probably never win a mining block. I am doing this for fun and learning.

I do not want to do a pool. I want to just do solo mining to learn how it works.

I set up bitcoind from the official bitcoin 0.13.2 git repo.

I found a cpuminer (minerd) and am setting that up.

The question I have is about the wallet address that will receive any bitcoins that get generated as a reward for mining a block.

I know that when a miner wins the mining of a block it creates a transaction in the block to receive the bit coins that are rewarded.

What I don't understand is how that wallet address gets created.

I have created my own wallet on another computer and would just like any rewarded coins for mining to go into that wallet.

I also know that you can create a wallet on the mining computer (RPi) itself. Is that required?

Please give some instructions on how to set up that mining reward address wherever it needs to be set up.

Like I said I probably will never be lucky enough to mind a block, but if I happen to get lucky I want to have a proper address set up to receive that reward.


texts: Who will the first adopters of Taproot be (assuming it is activated at some stage)? What incentives are there to start using it straight away?

texts:
Adoption of SegWit by users and companies after it was activated was slow. Should we expect adoption of Taproot to be slow also (assuming it is activated at some stage)?
Who will the first adopters of Taproot be? What incentives are there for users and companies to start using it straight away?


texts: Bcoin vs Bitcoin Core: query your node to list transactions of any address

texts:
I am trying to set up a Bitcoin node. It should be possible to query the node through JSON RPC to get a list of all transactions (including UTXOs) of any Bitcoin Address, which doesn't necessarily belong to my wallet. This node should power a wallet application which can be downloaded and used by anyone.

I ve already tried with Bitcoin Core. In the bitcoin.conf file I specified txindex=1. Of course the blockchain was not pruned, but I could only retrive transactions for the addresses inside my wallet.

I learnt that I could add "watch only" external addresses. However, this requires re-scanning the blockchain every time a new address is added, which is a lengthy process. Another option would be to use blockchain.info APIs, but the whole point of my efforts is to avoid relying on third parties.

Finally I found bcoin which is an alternative implementation of the bitcoin client. I read in their documentation that one can create a full-blown table of transactions inserting into the bitcoin.conf file index-tx=true and index-address=true. Anyway, bcoin documentation doesn't specify if by doing this I ll be able to query the node to get transactions for any address I want or only for addresses which are part of the wallet. I 'd rather avoid re-downloading and validating the whole blockchain only to find out.

Can anybody tell me if bcoin can solve my problem?

In case bcoin doesn t serve my purpose, can anybody please tell me what I can do to be able to query my node to find all transactions for any address I want, including those which are not part of my wallet?


texts: How to send bitcoin from an address created at Coinb.in?

texts:
I made a bitcoin address here:
https://coinb.in/#newAddress
How can I then send bitcoin from there once it receives some? I can't find any website services or android apps which let me import a private key to do that. (And to check the balance)
Thank you


texts: Is it possible to run a miner to confirm transactions for a target address?

texts:
If I want to make a bitcoin transaction I need to wait 3-6 confirmations for my transaction to be accepted (by say an exchange etc)

Is it possible to run a miner so that it is listening out for transaction on my address, to have my transaction confirmed sooner?

Or at least have the first confirmation confirmed sooner?

(Plus would I be able to recoup some of the transaction fees?)


texts:
How i can remove an account created on my server?

coincoin@localhost:~# bitcoin-cli listaccounts
{
  "": 0.00000000,
  "first": 0.00000000,
  "perso": 0.00000000
}

I juste want to delete "first" account


texts: if i am saying that node A is having some block (B) and other nodes X,Y,Z are wants to validate the block B than node A has to send the block B to nodes X,Y,Z. This block B contains the hash of previous block, time stamp, nonce and Merkele root where Merkle root are created from list of transactions. So Node A send the entire things included the list of transactions to other nodes X,Y,Z or node A send only block excluding the list of transactions for the validation process.


texts: Sending very big amount with sendtoaddress RPC call

texts:
I am working with Infinitecoin (another bitcoin fork).
This is my first attempt to make a crypto currency based website.
I use PHP with JSON RPC calls.
In this particular case, I want to use

$payment_tx = $ifc->sendtoaddress($account['address'], $to_send);

($ifc is the object returned by the jsonRPcclient() connection)

sendtoaddress() description states :

$amount is a real and is rounded to 8 decimal places.
So I formatted "$to_send" as precised in the description, but i'm still getting  :

*Stack trace: #0 /opt/lampp/htdocs/site/process_payment.php(30): jsonRPCClient->__call('sendtoaddress', Array) #1 /opt/lampp/htdocs/site/process_payment.php(30): jsonRPCClient->sendtoaddress('iKCBBVAfacVuabG...', '10920.00000000') #2 {main} thrown in /opt/lampp/htdocs/site/jsonRPCClient.php on line 140*

I really don't understand why, because I intend to send exactly 10920 Infinitecoins to the address starting with iKCBBVAfacVuabG ... and this is formatted the right way, right?
I also want to be able to send IFC amounts up to several millions. How ?

Here's how I do the formatting :

$to_send = sprintf("%.8f", floatval($amount));

$amount is retrieved from a database.

Please can somebody enlighten me with what am I doing wrong ?

I can offer some IFC as a thank for your help, if someone want some. :-)


texts: How can you find out what is the latest block number?

texts: When running a fresh client, or after not being connected for a while, the client takes some time downloading new blocks. How can you find out what is the target block number (the id of the newest publicly available block)?


texts: Bitcoin Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint a good long term investment?

texts:
How can Bitcoin a good long term investment, given one transaction is equivalent to carbon footprint of 986,125 VISA transactions?
If they use the Lightning network which takes transactions Off the Blockchain, wouldn't that defeat whole purpose of having ledger transaction?
https://digiconomist.net/bitcoin-energy-consumption/


texts:
Working on an opensource air-gapped crypto vault, in which I have the regular method of relying on OS to provide cryptographically secure random source and use that to generate the mnemonic phrase.
Also wish to provide a manual option of using dice rolls or coin flips to provide your own entropy and not needing to trust the software to do it for you. Exploring how trustless it can be.
As, I understand there are some bias associated with coins & dices as well. They may tend to favor one or some outcomes more than other. I have read a lot about providing your own entropy source and how that will usually be insecure if you accidentally introduce some bias. But considering, I am willing to go as far as flipping/rolling 256 times to generate a 256 bit binary number, does that eliminate the bias?
If yes, then is it possible to utilize less number of flips/rolls to generate less entropy which is well verified to be secure enough for the purpose of mnemonic generation? Wish to explore this option as its simply a lot of monotonous manual work for the extremely cautious user & if its possible to reduce the burden without sacrificing security.
Again, I have read many statements by fellow people on internet but I have no means to verify anybody's claim hence reverting to this community to chime in.
Some of the methods I read about:

Using multiple dices to effectively roll x dices in every attempt and do it faster. Not sure how the order of reading dices matter here. Saw someone mentioning they should be read in the exact same order.

Approach of mixing coin flip along with four dices to use the provided mapping to derive the words. I don't want to trust this. I would very much like to arrive at a random index for each word and then read the value at that index from the wordlist.

Using Ionman's BIP39 tool, how it shows the provided entropy to be enough, it indeed required putting in 256 inputs (0/1) random values in there before the security validation message (mnemonic looks more secure than it really is) goes away. So as per that tool, anything less than 256 flips/rolls isn't secure enough. True?

How to interpret dice rolls: Then there is also the question of interpreting the dice rolls. Do I use odd even numbers as 0 & 1 respectively or should I use half the range of possible outcomes (1-3) as 0 or 1 and the other half range as the other binary bit?


texts: Bitcoin sent, recipient claiming not received

texts:
I sent bitcoins to the address I was given (double checked). The recipient is claiming they did not receive it. I sent them a different payment yesterday at 8:30p and they didn't get it until 4:00am so could there be a lag also with this payment? Or are they lying? Please see below for btc address. I sent it this morning at 8:30am.

1LGSCBLrrX8pBehwRxUvZU29UAmVAX6jjZ.


texts: Mining Theory: A theoretical mining based attack

texts:
Okay, so, here is my scenario:

Imagine a group of miners who are mining a coin are responsible for a large portion of the hash rate on the network (let's say not quite 50%). Looking at the parameters of a coin, one can easily deduce when difficulty re-targeting will occur.

So let's say the group of miners stop mining the coin for the duration of a difficulty re-targeting window, causing a sharp decline in the hash rate, and thus very likely the rate at which blocks are being found, ultimately causing the difficulty to drop. They then all band together and start mining the coin again, with the significantly reduced difficulty and are able to mine blocks much faster for the duration of the difficulty re-targeting window.

Is there any known cases of this occurring, and what preventative measures could be taken to avoid this? I realize this is akin to a 51% attack, with a few key differences. Any thoughts/comments would be appreciated!

Schwifty


texts: Why is Ripple's effective genesis ledger at 32570?

texts:
The documentation for Ripple says that the genesis ledger starts at 0 but the "effective genesis ledger" is at 32570, because some historical ledgers are "unavailable."

Why is this, and what does it mean for the average Ripple user?


texts:
I am using the bitcoin-rpc and everytime i create an invoice from a PHP script, i create a new address. All is ok, i get the money after, i have a script that checks number of confirmations, then when i try to send my money back to another wallet i see 300 400 usd in fees
bitcoin-cli sendtoaddress "MY_BIG_WALLET" 0.1 "" "" true
When i look on blockchain i see that that everything were sent from every address that i have created
ADDRESS1 ... 0.06
ADDRESS2 ... 0.03
ADDRESS2 ... 0.078
... and so on
Fees are way to big ... How can i send everything from one big address and pay only 20$ usd fee [the default bitcoin fee, i see on some services, 5 usd]?
I believe i pay per vbyte ... but i want to send internally with low or no fees or something.
How big payment gateways like coingate/coinpayments/bitpay are doing this? They too create an adress for every transaction ...
Thank you.


texts:
as you know there is two main type of wallets:

full node and

light node

I've read in some advice that just using full node for more security stuff
and the next question is what is the type of blockchain.com wallet?
many thnx :kiss:


texts: WRONG ''send to/receiving'' address always displayed on trezor??

texts: when using myetherwallet the wrong and completely unknown receiving address is always displayed on the trezor screen when im asked to confirm the addresses match, BUT, i sent a very tiny amount and it arrived safely and quickly to the correct address, do i need to send the unit back for a replacement?


texts: I've been asked to share wallet credentials to participate in mining. Is that a scam?

texts:
Good day Everyone!!,

  I've been approached by at least two people on one of my social media accounts and they were claiming that they would be able to increase my bitcoin by linking my wallet to their miner.

Now what I was curious about is whether this was a scam and if not was there a way of keeping myself secure in the process????

The process from what I was being sold is as follows:

Open a blockchain wallet.
Send them the details of the wallet (user and password)
Change the password to whatever
Start earning after depositing a certain bare minimum amount (lets say 0.004)
I should theoretically start earning...


texts: Do unconfirmed transactions expire after some time?

texts:
Sometimes confirmation process is very slow. I think that is because of the price of the fee. In that time, is it possible to cancel the unconfirmed transaction and re-send with higher transaction fee?  Are there any expiry features? E.g. the transaction will be canceled after 7 days?

As far as I read other posts, the answer is NO. If so, do I need to wait for the confirmation forever? For instance, when I set a zero transaction fee accidentally.


texts: What bytes are calculated on the transaction fee?

texts:
I know that the bitcoin fee is calculated based on the number of bytes in a transaction (i.e. satoshi per byte). But what bytes are calculated? The bytes of the encoded/serialized transaction or of the raw transaction?

For example, I have the transaction below. The size of the raw bytes is 192. The encoded(hex) is  384. I used a fee of "1" satoshi to generate it so that I can get a sample of what the size will be like.
   Would be safe to multiple satoshi with the raw size to get the fee and then re-make the transaction? (e.g. 1000 satoshi * 192 = 192000 satoshi fee).

0100000001433a94862b051af03d6ad033153c937d258f6d501edc35a57b61b855f0b691b022ddb2126b483045022100da9bd107a96990429498df53d963a6b5d26455b180f3742f87c2352805d1bd33022033071d16a9578b765b38d68b51d692c575b9b3ce48e9b93276784e33adfd5a1201210342b992de6ebd9f2d0d522f9559d3ff6388fcdb70095c0f0dfe75811c74437bd1ffffffff01ae130000000000001976a914fafb913a62cce4c017e986d07d9a1c25d30e2ace88ac00000000


texts: How to obtain the private key of an Armory wallet?

texts:
I have a paper backup, a digital wallet backup and all the passwords: how do I retrieve the private key for a watch-only wallet so I can send some coins out of it (created in armory and imported into, for example, blockchain.info)?

If that's not possible, is using passphrase from within armory the only way to send coins out of an armory watch-only wallet?


texts: Bitcoin Core reports progress only up to 0.999999

texts:
On older version - after full synchronization in debug log i see message
progress=1.0
In new - only progress=0.999999, it`s normal or i have some problems with synchronization?


texts: Transaction Unconfirmed after 12 hours! Help!

texts: I've seen this happening but haven't found any clear answers on what to do, i sent about $30 worth of coins to an address (im sure its correct) and its unconfirmed after about 12 hours. you can see the transaction here. Any Help????


texts: How does one reference an unspent transaction output?

texts:
In a bitcoin transaction the previous unspent transaction outputs are referenced.

How are these referenced?

  Do outputs have unique reference or maybe as

  unique transaction reference X output recipient's address (its public key)


texts:
I try to understand how the lock-time and sequence number work, but I got many different explanations, it is really confusing. I like to send a Bitcoin with lock-time to myself, but I don't know how to send contain a lock-time? I use Bitcoin-core right now.

or someone has an example transaction on blockchain.info, I want to see a transaction with lock-time and sequence number, but not 0xffffff。

thanks.


texts: Why is my node being flooded with bitcoinj clients from 138.197.0.0/16?

texts:
I'm not the only one to have noticed this (discussions on reddit here and here): out of 70 or 80 incoming connections on my bitcoin core full node, about 50 are from just one single network (138.197.0.0/16, belonging to DigitalOcean, an apparently reputable cloud hosting provider) and all running variations of bitcoinj. This just seems peculiar.

I don't have a particularly fast connection here and my upload bandwidth has been saturated by this for weeks, so I'm dropping incoming connections from 138.197 until I figure out what's going on. Since those nodes don't appear to be contributing to the bitcoin network, it doesn't seem like I'm harming it by dropping them, but I still feel bad doing it. But I also don't feel right with over half of my connections coming from one place! So, does anyone know if this is legitimate usage, perhaps an attempt at relaying SPV cients' transactions extra-quickly or the like? Is it a test or experiment of some sort? Or is there something nefarious going on?


texts: Which fuzzer should I use to fuzz test Bitcoin Core?

texts: In the Bitcoin Core fuzzing docs there are setup instructions for three different fuzzers: libFuzzer, american fuzzy lop (afl-fuzz) and Honggfuzz. Presumably I should try them in this order. How do they compare? Should I use one particular fuzzer in one scenario and a different fuzzer in another scenario? When I engage in fuzz testing should I run all of them one after each other?


texts: Can Bitcoin incorporate the scripting protocols of Ethereum without a fork?

texts:
I am curious if the Bitcoin protocol can incorporate Turing complete scripting capabilities without forking the block chain. I ask this because I understand the ability to create contracts digitally is as significant an development as bitcoin.

I am trying to judge the efficacy of new altcoins like Ethereum to assess the future viability of Bitcoin.

Thanks for your comments!  Also if you are curious as to why I think contracts are so important here is my blog about why contracts are important.

Peer to Peer Government: Guarding the Guardians
http://statisticaleconomics.org/2014/01/10/peer-to-peer-government-guarding-the-guardians/


texts:
What is the counter measure against dust attack, in case somebody tries to deanonymize me?

Is there a possibility how to prevent somebody to send you intentional small dust, so that he can track your UTXOs?
I think there is no counter measure to 1. So if 1 already happens, how to deal with this in the most possible clean way and with as little leaked information as possible?


texts: What is "failed to read block" and how can this be fixed?

texts: When I try to open my BitCoin wallet, I get a "failed to read block" message and it will not open. What does this mean and how can this be rectified?


texts: Validate Bitcoin address using Javascript

texts: I know there is a similar question but its 7 years old and the answer doesn't work. Now, many things have changed, including the addresses themselves. So, is there a js library I can trust that can validate addresses on 2021


texts:
As far as I can tell, PoW allows multiple parties who don't trust each other to agree on an order of transactions. The fact that every transaction has a hash of the previous block means that you can always verify that the ledger hasn't been tampered with.

My question is twofold:

1) If there is a 51% attack, and a party forks the blockchain after 6 blocks after a merchant confirmed his money, then there will automatically be realised by the nodes, since suddenly they will have to replace 6 blocks in their chain.

2) Given this, why not just have one miner who publishes blocks, then every node can detect whether this miner has forked the blockchain (since the database is untamperable, he/she has to remove the top blocks on the chain). The miner would never lie since if she did, it would be detected and everyone would lose trust in the network.

Presumably, I misunderstood something quite fundamental.


texts: Found old Bitcoin wallet of mine, but has unconfirmed transactions from 2013

texts:
I found one of my old wallets.dat from way back, so I loaded it up and see that I had transactions but they never got confirmed. I can't remember if I just never let them run? But how would it be showing me the history if they never got confirmed? And is there a way to get them confirmed or to sync up so they will appear in my account balance?

I tried to send a small amount to the  wallet to wake it up haha.
Any thoughts or tips?


texts: How do exchanges like ShapeShift, Changelly or Evercoin cope with KYC/AML regulation?

texts: They don't require any information about their users. Most of the exchanges require user identification: so even though exchanges like ShapeShift might have corporate account on the large exchanges like Bittrex, Poloniex, Binance, shouldn't they disclose users' info to these large exchanges?


texts: Verify bitcoin address and amount from sign transaction

texts:
Is there a way i can extract the fromAddress, toAddress, amount and fees from a bitcoin sign transaction?

eg: SignTransactionValue = signAddress(fromAddress, toAddress, amount, fees, privateKey)

How can i extract back fromAddress, toAddress, amount and fees from the signTransactionValue?


texts:
SignatureHash takes in as input a scriptCode:

uint256 SignatureHash(
    const CScript& scriptCode,
    const CTransaction& txTo,
    unsigned int nIn,
    int nHashType,
    const CAmount& amount,
    SigVersion sigversion,
    const PrecomputedTransactionData* cache)

What is the scriptCode exactly?


texts: Totally new to this - am getting tied in knots!

texts: I have purchased £250 worth of Bitcoin - it is now siting in a Coinify account.  I have created my wallet using Electrum - how do I transfer from Coinify to my wallet?  And then what do I do?   Would very much apreciate some help and advice.  thank you


texts: Network-shared Bitcoin core blockchain directory

texts:
What i'm looking to do is having one parent server for blockchain and more than one server for bitcoin core to divide effort on more than one server and save disk storage.

Let's pretend that i've installed Bitcoin core on serverNum1

And i've Bitcoin core installed on four servers on the same network.

if i point datadir in bitcoin.conf on these four servers to serverNum1 blockchain data directory and set custom location to wallet.dat file for each server, would it work with no problems? does anyone tried it before?


texts: Will future softforks decrease fungibility?

texts:
In potential future softforks e.g. anyprevout or op_ctv, will it be transparent that a transaction uses this newly added feature? Or will it be hiding in a Taproot script and therefore hidden behind a single Schnoor signature?
The question basically comes down to: will potential users of future features leave a clear fingerprint on the blockchain?


texts: Good day. I bought 2 Bitcoin from a reputable dealer and asked that they be transferred them to my private Electrum Standard Wallet. The Bitcoin has not arrived in my wallet. The dealer has confirmed sending the Bitcoin to the correct address. The "History" tab of the wallet shows a new line with an exclamation mark inside a triangle with the word "Replaceable" next to it and +0 under the Amount. Is it possible that the Bitcoin has been lost or misdirected? Have I done something wrong with the wallet that must be changed? I would be grateful for any assistance.


texts: Hardware wallet without a hardware wallet

texts:
I want to do some research in order to purchase a hardware wallet. Until I have decided what to do, I would like to transfer my bitcoin balance out of the exchange that I am currently using. I want to avoid multiple transfers, so what I would like to do it to transfer to an address which can be "imported" into my future hardware wallet. Here is my question:

How can I manage a software wallet which is compatible with any of the existing hardware wallets? Are hardware wallets following open standards to generate the bitcoin addresses, or are those proprietary? What standards are they following?


texts:
Looking at the dynamics of the Cryptsy and BTC-E trading engines you aren't able to place market orders.  The orders just seem to be limit orders at the best market rate.  For example, I want to buy 20 bitcoins at $700 and the best offer is $700 with 15 coin volume.  The offer should get knocked out and the remainder of 5 should be subtracted from the next best offer.

My question is why this doesn't seem to be the case with BTC-E and Cryptsy?  If your order volume at market is greater than available volume at set rate it sets up a limit order until the order is filled.

Can anyone confirm this and explain why they do it?


texts: How does copying main stack prevent malformed unlocking scripts vulnerabilities?

texts:
https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook/blob/develop/ch06.asciidoc

  In the original bitcoin client, the unlocking and locking scripts were
  concatenated and executed in sequence. For security reasons, this was
  changed in 2010, because of a vulnerability that allowed a malformed
  unlocking script to push data onto the stack and corrupt the locking
  script. In the current implementation, the scripts are executed
  separately with the stack transferred between the two executions, as
  described next.

  First, the unlocking script is executed, using the stack execution
  engine. If the unlocking script is executed without errors (e.g., it
  has no "dangling" operators left over), the main stack is copied and
  the locking script is executed. If the result of executing the locking
  script with the stack data copied from the unlocking script is "TRUE,"
  the unlocking script has succeeded in resolving the conditions imposed
  by the locking script and, therefore, the input is a valid
  authorization to spend the UTXO.

In this chapter, Andreas states that due to a bug with malformed unlocking scripts, the scripts are now executed separately.

Here is my understanding:

The unlocking script is first executed on the main stack.
If the unlocking script is valid, the entire stack is copied and the locking script is then executed.

Is there a reason why the stack is not copied to an alternate stack and then the unlocking script is executed on the alt stack? This way, if the unlocking script is malformed, it would not corrupt the rest of the main stack.


texts: Trying to programmically generate unused receiving address from a xPub

texts:
I'm trying to generate unused receiving Bitcoin address from xPub using PyWallet python library .
I got the xPub from my BIP32 Electrum wallet.

Here is what I tried

from pywallet import wallet

WALLET_PUBKEY = 'xpub....'

# Generate a random address, based on timestamp
rand_addr = wallet.create_address(network="BTC", xpub=WALLET_PUBKEY)

print("Random Address\n", rand_addr)

I sent a few cents worth of Bitcoin to it's printed address but I didn't receive it.
What is wrong here and what is the solution ?


texts: BTG address not found but there was a BTC transaction before 24-10-2017 on it, how to check BTG balance?

texts:
I have an old paper wallet that was printed with https://bitcoinpaperwallet.com/. It has 0,1 BTC incoming on 2017-06-21 and 0,1 BTC outgoing on 2017-12-11.
So the BTC balance is zero, but since the fork of BTC to BTG (Bitcoin Gold) was on 2017-10-24 there should be a balance of 0,1 BTG on that address on the BTG network.
First I wanted to verify my theory that the BTG balance is actually there. But all of these sites say that address doesn't exist or is wrong.

https://explorer.bitcoingold.org/insight/
https://btg.tokenview.com/
https://btgexplorer.com/

What am I missing here? Why is the address missing on these BTG explorers or how can I actually check my BTG balance?


texts:
In Pay-To-Witness-Public-Key-Hash (P2WPKH), the RIPEMD160 hash function is used to hash the public key of the recipient in the locking script.
On the contrary, Pay-To-Witness-Script-Hash (P2WSH) uses the SHA256 for hashing the redeem script.
Why has this difference been made?
Just to differentiate the two types of witness programs?


texts: Recovering wallet using BIP32/wordlist/.priv file

texts:
I was using Msigna but it's having issues connecting to the localhost (Running updated bitcoinqt). I sent coins to my old account without waiting for sync (noob move) but now I'm unable to access the wallet.

Can anyone help me with migrating from msigna to another wallet? I'm able to download my private key but unable to actually find out what it is. I do have the master key BIP32 and the wordlist associated with it.


texts: Is it possible to buy a prop of one of the "bitcoins" you often see in the pictures?

texts: Is it possible to buy a prop of one of the "bitcoins" you often see in pictures? Does anyone actually make physical "bitcoins?" I collect weird iconic things.


texts: In practice, are redeemScripts commonly reused?

texts: In regards to P2SH-P2WSH transactions, are Txout-script values identical between transactions?  Is it reasonable to expect a business or vendor that accepts bitcoin to be using the same redeemScript for all transactions and use the same Txout-script value? Would users benefit from this value rotating?


texts: If I install libbitcoin-explorer will it be seperate from other libbitcoin repositories?

texts:
I am installing libbitcoin-explorer on a Raspberry Pi with the ./install.sh script and I wonder if this does anything to my existing installation of libbitcoin-system.

Which files will be installed?

Also, I wonder what happened to my bitcoind process which is not visible any more under top and not accessible with bitcoin-cli. Is it possible it crashed because of the heavy load of the installation?

EDIT: Also, I did not yet succeed in running the script on my Raspberry and on a x64 architecture mini PC. Not sure if it works.


texts: How can "Lightning Loop Out" help me to receive more payments?

texts: In his blogpost, Alex Bosworth describes that “emptying of the channel allows them to receive more payment” (https://blog.lightning.engineering/posts/2019/03/20/loop.html). But how can I allow more inbound payments by withdrawing funds from an active channel? From my understanding, the only way to get inbound capacity is a connected node that provides funds on its side of the channel?


texts: Ubuntu command to download https://launchpad.net/~bitcoin/+archive/bitcoin/+packages

texts:
What command do I use to get the latest bitcoin package under Ubuntu desktop 12.04 LTS?

Also, what needs to be done to uninstall previous versions?


texts: How do you publish a transaction which is cancelled if not claimed by a given time?

texts:
How do you publish a transaction which is cancelled if some output is not claimed by a given time? (ie returning all the spent coins to their inputs or else creating new conditions under which they can be claimed)

Is this possible?


texts: Does the Bitcoin client not record original signature data per connection?

texts:
I just read the malleability page.

Can someone confirm that this

  While transactions are signed, the signature does not currently cover all the data in a transaction that is hashed to create the transaction hash. Thus while uncommon it is possible for a node on the network to change a transaction you send in such a way that the hash is invalidated.

means that the protocol actually doesn't assign signature data to addresses in the database?

Please tell me that's not true.


texts:
I'm trying to access an armory wallet via RPCs. For instance using the procedure listreceivedbyaddress should ideally return all of the addresses in my Armory wallet. However, when I run this from my shell I get

$ bitcoin-cli listreceivedbyaddress

[
]

I definitely have addresses inside of my wallet, so I must have some configuration stuff wrong. I let armory start bitcoind on its own, and then I start making calls from bitcoin-cli. Is this the wrong way to use this? I feel like I am missing an authentication step.

Thanks!


texts: I can't find my funds on my bitcoin wallet

texts: I can't find my funds on my blockchain wallet after saving for over 1 years. My blockchain account show (00) total when i have saved 3 BTC what should i do ? please help


texts: How to recover private key from 12-word passphrase?

texts: I'm wondering if there's anyone out there who knows how to retrieve your private key using your 12-word passphrase? Your advice is much appreciated


texts: How to know Block height when a transaction entered Mempool?

texts:
I'm hosting a Listening Bitcoin Node in Capital of Pakistan. I want to know the Block height when Transaction entered the mempool. Right now I'm using the time from the Json format of the Transaction and Checking the Block height against it. Do you guys think that this method is reliable or I fear that transactions in my mempool have more latency than usual node in Europe. Should use an Api to find the Entry Block Height of the transaction?
Please also suggest an api also?


texts:
Source code (src/httpserver.cpp):

static void ThreadHTTP(struct event_base* base, struct evhttp* http)
{
    RenameThread("bitcoin-http");
    LogPrint("http", "Entering http event loop\n");
    event_base_dispatch(base);
    // Event loop will be interrupted by InterruptHTTPServer()
    LogPrint("http", "Exited http event loop\n");
}

Can anyone help me understand this portion of logic? In particular

What is the HTTP magic happening here event_base_dispatch(base)?
Why are we renaming threads?


texts:
On 11th of March 2017 the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commision will decide whether the Bitcoin Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) will be approved or not.

The decision will almost certainly have massive influence on the market as soon as the first press release gets published. So the question is where the first official and reliable statement on the outcome of the decision will be published. The SEC homepage has a RSS feed for press releases. However it is not certain that the outcome will be published there first. Are there any other reliable services / official news pages where news like this may be released first?


texts: Which cryptocurrencies can you margin trade with bitcoin?

texts:
I am trying to compile all cryptocurrencies (and fiat currencies) that can be margin trade with bitcoin. Here is a list of the pairs that I have found so far. If you know others please add them in your answer.

ADA: Bitmex, Huobi.pro*
BCH : Bitfinex, Bitmex, Huobi.pro*
BTG : Bitfinex
BTN : Huobi.pro*
BTS : Poloniex
CLAM : Poloniex
DASH : Bitfinex, Poloniex, Huobi.pro*
DOGE : Poloniex
EDO : Bitfinex
ELA : Huobi.pro*
ELF : Huobi.pro*
EOS : BitMex, Huobi.pro*
ETC : Bitfinex, Huobi.pro*, Kraken
ETH : Bitfinex,Bitmex, Poloniex, Huobi.pro*, Kraken
ETP : Bitfinex
EUR : Kraken
FCT : Poloniex
HSR : Huobi.pro*
IOAT : Bitfinex
IOST : Huobi.pro*
LTC : Bitfinex, Bitmex, Poloniex, Huobi.pro*
MAID : Poloniex
NAS : Huobi.pro*
NEO : Bitfinex
OMG : Bitfinex, Huobi.pro*
ONT : Huobi.pro*
QTUM : Huobi.pro*
REP : Kraken
SAN : Bitfinex
TRX : Huobi.pro*
USD : Kraken, OKCoin
XLM : Poloniex (called STR on Poloniex)
XMR : Bitfinex, Kraken, Poloniex
XRP : Bitfinex, Bitmex, Poloniex, Huobi.pro*
ZEC : Bitfinex, Huobi.pro*


texts: How do I fit a normal PCI-E x16 video card into a PCI-E x1 slot?

texts: What hardware would I need to buy to fit a normal PCI-E x16 card (In my case, a R9 280x) into a normal PCI-E x1 slot?


texts:
Bitcoin 0.14.1
Windows 10 Home v. 1703
Bitcoin Core keeps coming up with the error: "error reading from database, shutting down". I've tried deleting the one and only file in the database folder under J:\Users custom made\James\AppData\Roaming\Bitcoin latest\database and restarting the computer, but the same error occurred after the app loaded and was showing the sync progress bar for a minute or so, as previously when the issue occurred today. I am having a similar issue with the Ethereum Mist program, where it crashes after running for a short time. The error on that app also mentioned the filepath to the chaindata. Similarly, I deleted all the chaindata, restarted and the program now has been syncing for many minutes, however it seems like it has started syncing from scratch rather than from where it was up to previously (close to 100%, with only a few thousand blocks left). The debugger for the error in Bitcoin qt in Visual Studio Community says nothing:


texts: How to run Bitcoin Core behind corporate proxy?

texts:
I'm want to run Bitcoin Core client on TestNet and I need to config it for using under corporate proxy.
Since I'm using Squid to set proxy for my system I should set "localhost:3128" somewhere... but bitcoin-qt options seems to have only SOCK5 proxy field.

I also tried to set the proxy using the command line:

./bitcoin-qt --testnet -proxy=localhost:3298

...but it doesn't work.

How can I solve? Can I run Bitcoin Core using setting a http proxy?


texts: Why is my Bitcoin private key so much shorter than my PGP private key?

texts: My PGP key takes up a huge, multi-line block of text, but my Bitcoin private key is just a small string. Yet both are considered extremely secure. Why is my PGP private key so long?


texts: How can I ensure that bitcoind does not use unspent outputs for a given address?

texts:
With RPC calls to bitcoind, from separate (python) scripts, I'm:

calling getnewaddress to set up a new key pair for a 'special' address, assigned to a distinct account (let's call this 'specialAccount')
building raw transactions (outside bitcoind) that spend outputs to this special address and then calling bitcoind to sign send

In addition to the above, it is possible that bitcoind is also called directly, to make payments, or whatever.

How can I be absolutely sure that bitcoind does not consume outputs to my special address outside of signing outputs to this address in signrawtransaction?

We can assume that there are no calls that explicitly spend from 'specialAccount', but the problem is that, as I understand it, it is possible for bitcoind to borrow arbitrary unspent outputs for the purpose of paying transaction fees. (See this issue, for example, and also this one.)

Is there any way for me to lock the special address, and prevent this being used to pay transaction fees for other accounts, or to otherwise be able to use bitcoind to sign raw transactions that use outputs to this address without making the public key for the address more generally available within bitcoind?


texts: What are the obstacles to pegging the value of bitcoin to an established stable currency?

texts:
Many people will not touch bitcoin due to it's historically extreme volatility. Many new currencies have pegged their value against an established currency until such time as it is sufficiently established to be decoupled.

For example the Irish punt was linked to the Sterling pound until they joined the European Monetary Union in 1979.

Would it be possible perhaps by way of a financial service organisation that guarantees a value against a stable currency such as the swiss franc for example, this using bitcoin as a form of promisory note?

Is the agreement of a fixed rate against an established currency like type of future or option in the stock market?

I think this could help speed adoption.


texts: How would one go about generating a BIP-38 encrypted vanity address for cold storage?

texts: I want to generate a vanity address with BIP-38 encryption for a cold storage paper wallet, how would I go about securely making one? From what I've found, generating a vanity address with Vanitygen does not allow me to encrypt the key. Or is a vanity address advisable at all for long-term cold storage?


texts: How to share the blockchain across local network residing on 1 PC, not copy?

texts:
Shared blockchain... I have a server PC that is on all the time and runs a copy of bitcoin core 24/7.
My main personal computer I use separate for everything else including and I use both Bitcoin core and Armory.
Each time I open either of these I have to update the blockchain to my computer, no big deal if it is only a day or two behind but it means I have two copies of the same blockchain, one on each PC. Would be nice to not have that increasing disk space used on my main personal PC.
Rather than doing a copy from the server PC, is it possible to set up somehow, somewhere in the config file of either or both wallets to share the blockchain that will always be up to date on the server PC across my LAN ?


texts: What does it mean ERROR code=-28, message=Activating best chain?

texts:
I am using insight-api for get block chain information. When i am trying to start insight i am getting error "ERROR code=-28, message=Activating best chain..." . I saw this error first time,please help me how to reslove this.

Full stack trace of error:

                v0.2.12

connection
info: insight server listening on port 3000 in development mode

error: ERROR code=-28, message=Activating best chain...

I am unable to understand error. i am using insight-api for this.

Thanks in advance


texts: Bitcoin c-lightning node on Synology cannot connect to bitcoind

texts:
I'm trying to setup a bitcoin lightning node on my NAS (Synology), following this tutorial: https://bitcoindev.network/running-a-lightning-node-on-synology-nas/
Unfortunately I get the following error (log):
lightningd: WARNING: default network changing in 2020: please set network=testnet in config!
bcli:
Could not connect to bitcoind using bitcoin-cli. Is bitcoind running?

Make sure you have bitcoind running and that bitcoin-cli is able to connect to bitcoind.

You can verify that your Bitcoin Core installation is ready for use by running:

        $ bitcoin-cli -testnet echo 'hello world'

2020-06-30T19:45:20.256Z INFO plugin-bcli: Killing plugin: Plugin exited before completing handshake.
The Bitcoin backend died.
lightningd: WARNING: default network changing in 2020: please set network=testnet in config!

My lightning.conf contains the following:
alias=myalias
network=bitcoin
bitcoin-rpcuser=myusername
bitcoin-rpcpassword=mypassword
bitcoin-rpcconnect=127.0.0.1
bitcoin-rpcport=18332
log-level=io

I've tried several parameters for bitcoin-rpcconnect (internal ip, external ip of my bitcoin node including the right ports).
Since my bitcoin node is running on mainnet I try to setup the lightning node for mainnet as well.
So does anyone knows what I'm doing wrong?


texts:
I installed mSigna, connected it to a full node and created an address.
Assumed I bought 1BTC from some exchange platform and it is received on this address. How can I spend 10 mBTC without paying a transaction fee of 990 mBTC ?
Does mSigna create automatically a return address and automatically pays 990 - the transaction fee I chose to this address or must I do it by hand ?
Thanks.
Francis


texts: How can I tell if someone is trying to hack port 8333?

texts:
I am experimenting with leaving a public replica of the Bitcoin chain on the internet.  In doing so I'm actively monitoring the debug output so I can get a sense of what is happening with the inbound connections.

How can I tell what the clients are doing and respond appropriately?

Under what criteria should I block a port to an IP address, subnet, etc?