texts: Is mining the unfair part of bitcoin in the same way banks (or rather, fractionary reserve systems) are to current monetary system?

texts:
I've been reading a lot about bitcoin lately and I'm very interested.

Especially, when it comes to making a currency that is way more fair, because it avoids a centralized control of it.

However, in the same way today's banks/centralbanks/FED/regulators benefit from how the current monetary system works, wouldn't an economy solely based on bitcoin make the big IT corporations take advantage of everyone due to their computing (mining) power?

Cannot we build a currency that is decentralized like bitcoin, but that doesn't have the "mining" part of it? (I know that mining concept is very tied to cryptography, but maybe a less cryptographic-centric system can be built, like one based on trust/untrust between nodes?)

Thanks very much, and sorry if this has already been asked, but it's difficult to look for a question like this.


texts:
Cannot finish the initial phase. Installed the software v0.21.0 on Windows 10 64bit,
started a loooooooooong process to retrieve the blocks 2-3 days, then, always around 70-80% of the process:
Error: Error reading from database, shutting down
It's the 3rd time I am re-starting from 0, after cleaning everything
Can anyone HELP ME! Thanks


texts:
1) What is the format of the LevelDB databases stored in the database directory?

I know there are some custom blockchain parsing libraries, such as this one, but I'm wondering if I can just do a read of the chainstate database to get some basic information about the UTXO set.

2) Is there some sort of a LevelDB database explorer GUI that I can use to see what's in this database?

3) Could I have a second program that just read from this database? Would it be safe or would I mess up the database if I tried this?


texts:
Is there a library which exposes order-book and trading functionality of major exchanges like BTC-e, Bitfinex, Cryptsy etc. ? I know these site have their own API but I wanted to re-use the code, if some sort of library is already available.

I am looking for a java library in particular.


texts: Have there been cases of traditional money theft from Bitcoin exchanges?

texts: There have been a number of cases of thefts or losses of Bitcoins from a few Bitocoin exchanges, but has there ever been a case of traditional currency being stolen or lost by an exchange?


texts: Keeping the blockchain index after Bitcoin-Qt upgrade

texts:
Can this be done or do everyone updating their client everytime a new version is announced on bitcoin.org has to re-do the whole process over again?

On OS X, (probably with the other two OS's as well) blockchain data is kept on a seperate directory in ~/Library/Application Support/Bitcoin ; however a new version of the client needs to reindex the whole thing over again- which is a super time-consuming process..


texts: How to test whether Biostar TB250-BTC in operational?

texts:
I bought second-hand TB250-BTC but it looks like dead:

no led blinking

cpu fan not spinning

no action when I try to turn it on (with/out DVI, with/out M2, with 24-ATX connector)

changed CMOS battery did not help

How can I test whether it is operational?


texts: Does getaddr.bitnodes.io find all Bitcoin nodes or only one node per mining pool?

texts:
Any ideas for finding the number of Bitcoin nodes vs the number of Bitcoin pools?

Thank you!


texts:
I thought I understood the gist of what "bitcoins" are: electronic currency tokens representing $X USD that could be used to trade, buy or sell online items.

But recently I heard the term "mining for bitcoins" and it piqued my interests...

I read this article and still feel like I'm missing the bigger picture here.

If I understand "mining" bitcoins correctly, then:

Bitcoin mining is the act of setting up a commodity hardware cluster to try and "crack" some cryptographic puzzle
When you finally crack such a puzzle, you are rewarded in bitcoins
You can then, theoretically, sell bitcoins for real money

So to start, if anything I have said so far is off base or needs correction, please begin by clarifying what bitcoins and/or bitcoin mining is!

Assuming I am more or less correct, then I have several questions that (surprisingly) have been nearly impossible to find answers for:

Who issues these puzzles and validates a correct answer?
Who brokers the generation and awarding of "mined" bitcoins (after you've cracked the puzzle)?
Isn't this (really) just a crytpographic game? You play the game, and you win, except you get money. But there's no reason why someone would need you to be cracking these randomly-generated crypto puzzles.
When new "puzzles" are generated, and new bitcoins are generated and awarded to the people who correctly solve these puzzles, doesn't that dilute the value of each existing bitcoin? Not an economist here, but if you have more of something, it's value usually goes down since it's not as scarce.
Is it even worth a programmer's time to delve into this stuff or is the bubble already bursting?

To me it seems like bitcoins are just a game that has been disguised to as a pyramid scheme that has been disguised as a legitimate radicalization of e-commerce. Thanks in advance for any help/insight here!


texts: How do I echange bitcoins into $ or Euros?

texts:
Possible Duplicate:
  How can I change BTC into normal cash?

I sold items / goods for bitcoins
How do I eventually exchange these bitcoins for $ or Euro ?


texts: Error Code 22 returned from bitcoind sendrawtransaction

texts:
I've created a raw transaction on testnet:

http://pastebin.com/v8rBmGkx

however I'm getting error: {"code":-22,"message":"TX rejected"}

I've looked in the debug.log and there is no other clues. Can anyone tell me (pls) what's wrong with my tx?

Additionally signrawtransaction returned correct: true. And as far as I can see the fees and output values add up. I'm a little confused to what the problem is?


texts: How many letter tiles does one need to build any 24 word mnemonic?

texts:
One of the popular cold storage wallets provides double-sided tiles for users to put in the first four letters of each of their 24 words (96 characters total).

They include ~245 double sided tiles, plus some blanks.

By my math on the BIP39 wordlist, they should need to provide ~485 double sided tiles to provide for every valid 24 word mnemonic.

I simply calculated, for each letter, the worst case 24 word combination, then added up how many of each letter I would need, then divided by 2 since the tiles are double sided.

Is there something I'm missing here?

Thanks!

EDIT  I have found at least one flaw in my reasoning. The last word is a checksum, so not entirely random. But accounting for this only saves us 33 letter tiles!


texts: Is there a way to test Blockchain.info APIs?

texts:
I'm trying to set up Blockchain.info web APIs to notify me when I
receive a BTC payment:
https://www.blockchain.com/api/api_receive

So say, if I generate a receiving address as such:

https://api.blockchain.info/v2/receive?xpub=<my_xpub>&callback=<callback_url>&key=<my_key>

Can I somehow test how my callback_url will be called?

PS. Sorry, I'm new to this. Before when I was dealing with a fiat currency, PayPal for instance had a developer portal where you can send yourself a test web API request.


texts: There have been a lot of discussions about bitcoin-gold. What is it? I couldn't find an official website or something?


texts: Constructing, signing, and pushing a Bitcoin transaction by using pybitcointools with Python

texts:
I'm utilizing the pybitcointools module in python 3.4

I've went through time and time again in the examples listed on the github page, but it isn't documented very well nor is the code.

My situation is this: I have a list of private keys in a CSV and I want to generate a raw transaction for each address and spend their unspent_outputs to a single address by pushing the signed transaction to blockchain.info

I'm having a problem when it comes to the these functions: mktx, mksend, sign

If someone could create an example of the process while also documenting each step and explaining what each argument for each function is for and how it's used. This would be an amazing help if someone could give a hand here! I've searched far and low, but I just can't find a good documentation of this process. I'm sure this would help many others as well!


texts: Bither max transaction fee is 1mBTC per kb. I don't want a stalled transaction

texts:
I've had my BTC with Bither for awhile.  Bither's max transaction fee is 1mBTC per kb.

If i am doing my math right

1mBTC per kb  = 100,000 Satoshis per kb.

(100,000 Satoshis / 1024) = (97.65625 Satoshis /byte)

According to https://bitcoinfees.earn.com/  this is 1/4 what it should be.

Any thoughts?


texts: How to be sure that whole of block chain downloaded?

texts:
I catch myself on the thought, that I don't know how to verify that block chain downloaded or not yet.

How exactly I can be sure that all is ok with bitcoind or altcoins?

E.g. "terracoind getinfo" brings:

terracoind getinfo

{
    "version" : 80002,
    "protocolversion" : 70001,
    "walletversion" : 60000,
    "balance" : 0.00000000,
    "blocks" : 142718,
    "timeoffset" : -6,
    "connections" : 8,
    "proxy" : "",
    "difficulty" : 13505.04606600,
    "testnet" : false,
    "keypoololdest" : 1380559952,
    "keypoolsize" : 101,
    "paytxfee" : 0.00000000,
    "errors" : ""
}

Or novacoind:

novacoind getinfo

{
    "version" : "v0.4.4.5-2-gde717f9-dirty-beta",
    "protocolversion" : 60010,
    "walletversion" : 60000,
    "balance" : 0.00000000,
    "newmint" : 0.00000000,
    "stake" : 0.00000000,
    "blocks" : 19043,
    "timeoffset" : -15,
    "moneysupply" : 384762.67195300,
    "connections" : 16,
    "proxy" : "",
    "ip" : "128.73.179.81",
    "difficulty" : 97.09844140,
    "testnet" : false,
    "keypoololdest" : 1380559917,
    "keypoolsize" : 101,
    "paytxfee" : 0.01000000,
    "errors" : ""
}

Here are 3 answers about bitcoind:

How to check Bitcoind block chain download progress level

And only about downloading side part block-chain info. Is it true, that nothing embedded into default bitcoind for that task?


texts: I've read a little about BitCoins and think the idea is very interesting.  I was wondering what is required to generate a block?  I assume there is some software you need.  Do I also need an account somewhere like Mt Gox?


texts:
Several years ago, without really understanding the mechanics relating to bitcoin, I believe I might have managed a bit of mining. The "Bitcoin-wallet" and other files, including my wallet.dat file have been sitting on an old PC that I only found during a recent move! So am now playing catch-up and have a few questions (noting that I have copied over the relevant files and wallet.dat to external drives).

When I first tried to open the wallet there was an error/warning about corruption but asked if I wanted to proceed.  I did.  After updating the time and date of my old PC to today's date/time, the wallet started to work.  That is while my wallet indicated that it is "out of sync" and showed a balance of zero, it did start syncing with the network.  It is now telling me that it is over 10% done and that are "XYZ" blocks remaining.  What does this mean? And will my wallet be updated only when the synchronization is complete?

Also, at towards the top of the wallet is there is a message "alert key comprised, upgrade required"

Thanks for your patience.


texts: Bitmain Antminer S2 Bitcoin Miner Stopped Booting - How to get it to boot up again?

texts:
I have a S2 Antminer since April 2014, and has been on for 6 months and stopped working recently (oct-2014). I can turn it on and it shows power, but the LCD is blank and when opening the cover to see if there is anything loose, everything seems fine. I tried to take out the microsd card that is connected to the controller card inside and I cannot seem to be able to see it on my computer. It doesnt detect at all.

I tried following the instructions here: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=671625

I purchased a Beaglebone Black Rev. C from Amazon. The instructions found on that page doesnt seem to be very clear as I needed to improvise on certain things. Does anyone have a better guide or tips on how to get this working?


texts: Anyone else having this 'disappearing' BitcoinCash issue with BitcoinABC wallet?

texts:
Today I was in claim BitcoinCash mode, which I completed successfully with my Ledger Nano S and also with my Trezor. Then it was time to for the Bitcoins I held only in my Electrum wallet. I retrieved the private keys and set out to import one into a new BitcoinCash wallet. All bitcoins were first moved off Electrum to a different wallet on a different computer. I then installed the BitcoinABC.org wallet. When that was done I encrypted it immediately. I then used importprivkey to import a private Bitcoin key that had previously held .1 bitcoin.

The blockchain scan started. I let it run and went to lunch. When I got back, the .1 bitcoin cash had been received, but there was also a send transaction 39 minutes later to a BCC address (36uzTBVeWN2pvUu3YX22gCutovGwQg1eeS) I don't know. I didn't make the send transaction and there are no other people that could have and no computer issues, malware or otherwise on my end. Also, I had a list of other private keys open on the same computer and only issue is with the one key I imported to BitcoinABC wallet.

How was BCC sent from my encrypted wallet, where only I (and BitcoinABC wallet after importing) have the private key, if there isn't a vulnerability in the BitcoinABC wallet?

Has anyone else had this issue with BitcoinABC wallet?

Is there a BitcoinABC wallet rep on this site that can address this issue?


texts: Is it possible to create a cryptocurrency that has a fixed value?

texts: I like Bitcoin for its ease of use and security. It makes "money" transfer fast and easy, however a lot of people are afraid to use it because of its volatility, Would it be possible to create a currency with a system that enforces a stable value?


texts: Which cryptocurrencies deviate significantly from Bitcoin?

texts:
There's been dozens of alternate cryptocurrencies but I don't believe many of them did much other than find/replace some strings.

We see Bitcoin as made up of the blockchain and proof-of-work via hashing of the next block. Have there been any altcoins that drastically strayed from this recipe?


texts: How to send Bitcoin Cash from BTC segwit address?

texts:
I'm trying to build a nodejs command with commander, bitcoinjs-lib, bitcoincashjs, blocktrail-sdk. Currently I got the problem when trying to spend the Bitcoin Cash of segwit address.

Example:

A is BTC segwit address
B, C is Bitcoin Cash address
B send Bitcoin Cash to A

=> How to send Bitcoin Cash of A to C?

I've tried with this code but failed.

bch.Networks.defaultNetwork = bch.Networks.testnet;

var toAddress = "xxxx";

var blocktrail_client = blocktrail.BlocktrailSDK({
    apiKey: "xxxx",
    apiSecret: "xxxx",
    network: "BCC",
    testnet: true
});

var privKey = "xxxx";
var privateKey = new bch.PrivateKey(privKey);
var address = privateKey.toAddress().toString();

blocktrail_client
    .addressUnspentOutputs(address)
    .then(async (res, error) => {
        if (error) {
            return console.log(error);
        }
        if (res.data.length == 0) {
            return console.log("Error. Nothing to send.")
        }

    var tx = res.data[0];

    utxo = {
        txId: tx.hash,
        outputIndex: 0,
        address,
        script: tx.script_hex,
        satoshis: tx.value
    };

    const transaction = new bch.Transaction()
        .from(utxo)
        .to(toAddress, tx.value - 1000)
        .fee(1000)
        .sign(privateKey);

    blocktrail_client.sendRawTransaction(
        transaction.toString(),
        (error, hash) => {
            if (error) {
                return console.log(error);
            }
            return console.log(hash);
        }
    );
})
.catch(error => console.log(error));


texts:
I want to pass feerate argument to Bitcoin Unlimited while using fundrawtransaction.

I tried

fundrawtransaction ["020000000001e80300000000000017a914f65d061c8966ae9d0d6add32879a492d99bce5848700000000" {"feeRate":0.00001}]

However, it says

Error: Error parsing JSON:{feeRate:0.00001}]

How can I pass the feeRate argument like these lines (param0=02000..., param1=feerate) do, but using Core's RPC Debug window?


texts: How does muun lightning wallet requires no trust and no backups?

texts:
https://muun.com/ claims it has a wallet that does not rely on backups.
Here: https://blog.muun.com/why-not-just-a-mnemonic/ it says

Muun is a multisig wallet with lightning support, so backing up a
mnemonic alone would mean your bitcoin could be easily frozen.
Self-custodianship is at the core of everything we do, so this wasn't
acceptable. We built an Emergency Kit that gives you full self-custody
of your money when combined with your Recovery Code[6].
Your Emergency Kit is a PDF document with the information and
instructions needed to find and spend your funds independently. No
need to brute-force any missing data. Everything is there, including
your private keys and output descriptors[7].
Your private keys are securely encrypted with your Recovery Code. This
makes your Emergency Kit harmless by itself: you can keep multiple
copies, and you can even store it safely on the cloud.

How can it, however, keep track of the state of my lightning wallet? If I use it to only spend, then there's no problem. However, if I receive more than I spend, it's of my interest to save the transaction state so I can propagate it when I want to close the channel.
I don't see how this emergency recovery kit can help me recovering the state.


texts: Got the Bitcoin Wallet. How do I transfer money into it?

texts:
I've got active connections & there are blocks downloaded but I don't know what to do next. Presumably I need to transfer some money in there so I can buy bitcoins. But how?

Any suggestions gratefully relieved.
Thanks.


texts: Batching transactions - calculating batch transaction fee

texts:
I want to use transaction batching to make BTC payments to multiple recipients.

In order to optimize transaction amount \ size, lets I'm making equal transfers of x BTC to N recipients, and that F(x, N) is the function representing the transaction fees.

How would this function look like?
How can I calculate it in any given time, to optimize transaction fees?


texts: Transaction was rejected - Bitcoin QT, recovered wallet.dat

texts:
I recently installed a new version of Windows on a new HDD, but I'm having problems getting my old wallet.dat to work.

Here's what I've done:

Install latest Bitcoin Core.
Copied over the blocks and chainstate folders from the old hard drive.
Run Bitcoin Core and allowed it to sync up to date.
Closed Bitcoin Core
Removed Wallet.dat from my roaming\Bitcoin folder
Copied Wallet.dat from old HDD to the roaming\Bitcoin folder
Run Bitcoin Core with '-rescan' parameter.

When I run the software, I get the following message:

  Warning: Wallet.dat corrupt, data salvaged! Original wallet.dat saved as wallet.{timestamp}.bak in C:\blah\de\blah

There's nothing wrong with the old HDD, or the previous wallet. In fact I could boot up the previous Windows install, but it's a ballache for various reasons involving symlinks and other such non-standard tomfoolary.

On subsequent runs, I receive the following message:

  Warning: error reading wallet.dat! All keys read correctly but transaction data or address book entries might be missing or incorrect.

So now I can see my coins in the wallet, and my transaction history - it looks like it's worked, except I can't spend any of the coins. I get a message stating:

  The transaction was rejected! This might happen if some of the coins in your wallet were already spent, such as if yuo used a copy of wallet.dat and coins were spent in the copy but not marked as spent here.

I've not made any use of the wallet since installing my new version of Windows, it's all up to date on the old HDD... so I can't see how it would be listing coins that have already been spent... but the start up message suggests that tansactions are missing from my history, so perhaps I have less than I think?

Can anyone shed light onto why this process hasn't worked?

Thanks.


texts: How to set the most budgetfriendly transaction fee in Electrum?

texts:
Since the newer versions of Electrum have more options in setting the transaction fee, what could be the best possible option to send bitcoins in a quick but budget friendly way?

Static
ETA
or Mempool

Thank you.


texts: I got a wallet. dat file, how do I transfer the bitcoin into a new wallet

texts:
I have just a wallet.dat files with an unconfirmed transaction on it, can’t remember the backup paraphrase.
I linked the wallet.dat in bitcoin core,
got the wallet I’d where I check and it shows the coin is unspent but unconfirmed. bitcoin is inside but available balance on my Bitcoin core is 00000 and blocks not yet fully syncd.
I tried using procedure with the JSONVIWER but after putting all I was asked, I still got this
E2 -> Error Parse error on line ‘1’ parse error on line^
Expecting‘STRING’, ‘NUMBER’, ‘NULL’, ‘TRUE’, ‘FALSE’
‘{‘, ‘[‘, got ‘undefined
And left me with options ordered than OK.
I don’t know if my question does makes sense but that’s what I’m facing please some should help me


texts: I have an old bitcoin core/qt wallet - how do I extract the forks?

texts:
I can access the wallet, and move my bitcoin to other addresses, but it doesn't show me the fork coins. (Bitcoin-Cash, Bitcoin Gold, and perhaps more?) Can I access them through some other wallet?
What would I need to extract all forks from my wallet to a modern one (Say, a Trezor)?
I created a legacy bitcoin wallet in my trezor, and moved my bits to it, but the bitcoin cash and gold never appears in my wallet.


texts: How do Bitcoin clients know how many new bitcoins to mint when creating a block?

texts:
I understand that lucky clients that create blocks get some transaction fees and are allowed to mint a few new bitcoins to keep for themselves.

How do clients know how many new bitcoins to mint for themselves when creating a block?


texts: How can I view all the NXT nodes that I can access publiclly?

texts: Where can i find a list of NXT IP nodes that I can connect to publicly? I want to be able to use them as a backup connection to the nxt blockchain if my own nxt server crashes.


texts: How to develop and then sell my own Bitcoin Hardware Wallet?

texts:
Okay so basically I have a good idea for a bitcoin hardware wallet, i'm just looking for information on how to go about creating it?

Do I need to create my own programs/programming for literally everything? Are there open source type things I can use? Would it be illegal to use another wallets programming or whatever? I'm just really confused as to how all of this works out. I'm not the engineer involved with the product, I'm on the finance and business side of things. So forgive me if I sound dumb! Basically, what all can I use that currently exists to make this process as simple as possible without getting any law suits lol. Thanks so much!


texts: Zero-knowledge/Arthur-Merlin Proof-of-Work for NP-like problems with coin flips hashes of recent transactions

texts:
On a previous answer to a question about making proof-of-work more useful, two challenges were provided:

"1. The work must be much, much easier to verify than to do,  and

2. The work must in fact secure the transactions and not be severable from them. If I see that you sent me 10 Bitcoins and then billions of computations are piled on top of that, it must not be possible to remove that transaction and then pile those same computations on top of a conflicting transaction."

To address these, has anyone considered a zero-knowledge / Arthur-Merlin proof of work (of some NP problem or co-NP problem, e.g.), with the public coin flips being the hash of the most recent blocks?

After each new block is mined, a number of other random instances of the problem may be publicly announced.  The instances could be created based on the hash of the block.  Whoever solves (the most number of) outstanding problems is the winner for that block.  She then uses the hash of that block as the coin flips for the validation of the proof-of-work.

E.G. for graph non-isomorphism, every block that is solved spawns, say, 128 new graphs added to a pool.  The first miner to find proofs of non-isomorphism for, say, the most number of the graphs in the pool wins.

It's also a truism that most instances in NP may, in fact, be "easy."  Depending on how instances are added to a pool, the instances that have been "in the pool" the longest are probably harder to solve, and may be worth more when finally mined.  (An easy 3-SAT with 20 literals may be easier to solve than a hard 3-SAT with 5 literals right at the percolation point.  The profit from mining may reflect that.)

Engaging in more rounds of commitment, with more rounds of random coin flips based off of more blocks in the chain, may lead to more complicated problems being mined (e.g. IP=PSPACE.)

A fraudster might try to buy Merlin/Peggy the miner's PoW form her, but as instances are spawned randomly, it might not do the fraudster much good. Also it’s a little harder to buy solutions to PSPACE or co-NP problems I think, without having to engage in actually finding the solution.


texts: Are transactions verified before miner solves the block?

texts:
In the PoW mining equation...

Hash = (Nonce x prev_hash x list of transactions)

the miners find the nonce to add the block to the blockchain and receive the block reward. As we can see, the hash is created with the transactions before the miner is even involved.

So are all transactions that will be included in the next block already determined before the block is found?

If so, the miner is including transactions for the next block, not the block he is trying to solve.

Am I understanding correctly?


texts: What are the major technical differences between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash?

texts:
For a research project I'm trying to detect the major technical differences between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. I know that BCH uses a larger block size and does not support SegWit. But what other differences are there?

I know this is a broad question - I'm looking for an overview only, not an exhaustive, detailed list.

In particular, but not exclusively, I'm interested in:

Which features are only implemented in one of both chains?
Do the data structures differ (blocks, transactions, inputs, outputs)?
Is there a difference in which script instructions are supported?
What about addresses and address types?
Do both chains commonly implement the same BIPs or are BIPs usually exclusive to one chain? Is there a list of which BIPs are implemented in which chain?
Overall, what's the best approach to track past and future changes in both chains? Can you recommend any resources on that issue?

Finding differences by looking at the code does not seem practical to me given the time it'd take me to pinpoint and understand all changes. I used git log --oneline master --reverse on both chains and diffed the results to get some insight, but it's still hard to detect changes that are relevant to me.


texts: Is holding funds in a Bitcoin paper wallet safe?

texts: If you received lots of bitcoins, like 100, and you are not comfortable holding them in your personal blockchain wallet, is it preferable to move them and hold them in a paper wallet for safety reasons?


texts: Avalon 741 and/or later models without AUC3 converter?

texts:
Avalon models prior to the 741 normally required an AUC2 converter to work, but it was also possible to bypass that requirement by plugging the miner's data cable directly into a Raspberry Pi's IIC pins (as explained for example here).

Is it possible to do the same with any of the later models (741 or later - and if yes, which ones)? Ie is it possible to simply plug any of the models that normally require an AUC3 converter directly to a Raspberry Pi's IIC pins instead (and if yes, which ones)?


texts:
I have retrieved an old wallet.dat file from my harddrive that crashed about 5 years ago.
I have downloaded the new version of bitcoincore and downloaded the blockchain. I have then copied the wallet.dat file (which is in 96 kb) into the directory where the wallet should be.
But when i try to open the wallet.dat i get this sign: "Warning: Skipping -wallet path that doesn't exist. Failed to load database path'E:\bitcoin\wallet1.dat'. Path does not exist.
It says E because i had to download the blockchain on a separate hdd.
What could the issue be? I have tried to make new wallets and open them from the same directory and that has not been a problem. Can i somehow open the wallet to retrieve the private keys??


texts:
Basic mining question:

Once a miner solves the block and comes up with the block hash, how are the other nodes in the network incentivized to validate that hash?


texts: How to spend from a paper wallet private key using a desktop app without a mobile app?

texts: I have a paper wallet and the private key. What methods can I do on the desktop to send a portion of these bitcoins using only a desktop app? Is there an app where I can type in my private key and select how much to send?


texts: Is there a chance that bitcoin will be use as the Universal Currency around the Universe?

texts: I'm fascinated on how bitcoin and blockchain works. So now I'm thinking if this is possible? A universal currency named Bitcoin? Being used by Asians, Blacks, Americans, Atheist, or Aliens?


texts:
I want to buy a small amount of bitcoins using google checkout. Any service provider ?

Thanks


texts: What if you're not given an option for a transaction fee?

texts:
I purchased some Bitcoin through a local bitcoin ATM. When I purchased the Bitcoins I was not given an option to ad a transaction fee and currently it sits unconfirmed.

I also have a app on my iPhone that I have just started using to manage my Bitcoin called Bitwallet and in its 'Pay' screen it also does not offer an option to include a fee.

What are you meant to do to confirm transactions if no option for a transaction fee is ever offered?


texts:
I need your opinion, do you mind ? :)

I'm bulding a javascript layer on top of bitcoind.
I have bitcoind running on my server with rpc & zmq enabled.

daemon=1
rpcallowip=0.0.0.0/0
rpcuser=xxxxxxxx
rpcpassword=xxxxxxxxx
server=1
rest=1
zmqpubhashblock=tcp://*:28332
zmqpubhashtx=tcp://*:28332
zmqpubrawblock=tcp://*:28332
zmqpubrawtx=tcp://*:28332
rpcworkqueue=100

My program goal is to listen for rawblock and rawtx ZMQ channels. This is my zmq client:

const socket = ZMQ.socket('sub')
socket.connect('tcp://myserverip:28332')

socket.on('message', (channel, data) => {
  console.log(channel.toString())
})

So here is what happens :

subscribing to rawtx alone works, I receive the tx flow (approx 2.5tx per second)

socket.subscribe('rawtx')

subscribing to rawblock alone also works, I receive blocks (approx 1block per 10minutes)

socket.subscribe('rawblock')

But here is my problem, when subscribing to both, i do receive rawtx but no rawblock !

socket.subscribe('rawblock')
socket.subscribe('rawtx')

I'm assuming the ZMQ socket is flooded with rawtx, which result in missing rawblock event.

My question is: how would you debug this ? Have you guys faced this situation already ?

I know I could use the blocknotify option in bitcoind to forward the blockhash back to my client, and then load the rawblock via an rpc call back to bitcoind, but then I would use 2 different mechanisms (one for rawtx and blocknotify for rawblock) for something that was supposed to work in the first place :)

Thanks for your feedback !!


texts: bitcoin-cli getblockchaininfo "blocks": 0 "headers" 0

texts:
Noob question.
I've been following the raspibolt set up (https://stadicus.github.io/RaspiBolt/raspibolt_30_bitcoin.html), but I'm stuck trying to get the initial sync started.
It is active (running)
But "blocks": 0, "headers": 0
Any ideas where I went wrong?
Thanks


texts: can we create subjective trading platform using bitcoin and smart contract where payments are taken in stages?

texts:
Is it possible to create a subjective trading system (for eg: second hand goods like laptops, television cell phones etc) using concepts of bitcoins and smart contracts. Payments on the system would be staggered in stages. To give you an example lets Assume Alice wants to buy a second hand Television in the budget range of 100$

STAGE A:
In order to participate in the trading system, the user Alice will first have to deposit an Amount equivalent to say 5$(or she may depisit the Bitcoin equivalent of 5%). This amount is refundable at any given time however the significance of this stage is that if Alice chooses to withdraw this amount, she will no longer be able to participate on the platform and view listings available on the platform. So in a way the money put in at this stage is to filter non serious participants and to remove stale and duplicate listings.

STAGE B:
Once Alice has browsed the platform she shortlists three televisions that she is interested in. In order to send her offer to their respective owners, she has to increase her deposit to say 100$ (which is roughly the price of the television she wants to buy). Once she has put in these 100$ she can start parallelly negotiating with various resellers. The significance of the 100$ put in at this stage is that the counter parties of Alice who are selling the television know that Alice is a serious buyer and also has the capacity to pay for the television. Again if alice chooses to withdraw the entire amount she will drop out of the platform. If she lowers her deposit to the amount that was existing in Stage A i.e. 5$, she will not be able to actively negotiate with the sellers.

STAGE C:
After parallelly negotiating with multiple resellers Alice finally decides to purchase the second hand television from Bob (the seller), the price finalized between them is 90$. In such an event in order to make sure that the sanctity of the transaction is maintained and both parties honour their commitments, both Alice and Bob enter into a escrow transaction where the 100$ deposited by Alice in stage B are pledged into the escrow. After successful closure of the transaction, 90$ are given to Bob, say 2$ is earned by the platform for facilitating this trade and remaining 8% get refunded back to alice.

Now the question is how can we implement this using bitcoins & smart contracts.


texts:
currently i am leading a benchmark between the smartcontracts platforms, and i am exploring the Rootstock platform.

I think this project has a lack of documentation. My question is what is the current state of this project? I've learned they've launched the GINGER TESTNET recently.

is there any relevant post or documentation about this project and about its recent news. If there is a post explaining the deployment of a smartcontract on the testnet it will be very helpfull.


texts:
According to https://ethereum.stackexchange.com/questions/11/how-do-ethereums-transaction-fees-compare-to-bitcoin current BTC transaction fees vary anywhere from $0.01 to $0.09 USD.

But according to https://blockchain.info/charts/cost-per-transaction and Can it really be true that the Bitcoin system consumes almost $1.000.000 in electricity per day? BTC costs $14 per transaction.

That's a huge difference, 3 orders of magnitude. Shouldn't be the same (or similar at least) transaction cost and transaction fee? What I am doing wrong?


texts: Do we have to trust at least one DNS seed?

texts:
If I understand correctly, when new bitcoin node wants to join the network, it must be introduced by guiding nodes -- DNS seeds. DNS seeds can thereafter help new node discover more existing nodes.

So during the bootstrap phase, DNS seeds are the entry points for the new nodes. By looking at the source code of BitcoinJ:

   dnsSeeds = new String[] {
            "seed.bitcoin.sipa.be",         // Pieter Wuille
            "dnsseed.bluematt.me",          // Matt Corallo
            "dnsseed.bitcoin.dashjr.org",   // Luke Dashjr
            "seed.bitcoinstats.com",        // Chris Decker
            "seed.bitnodes.io",             // Addy Yeow
            "bitseed.xf2.org",              // Jeff Garzik
            "seed.bitcoin.jonasschnelli.ch" // Jonas Schnelli
    };

They are pretty much hard coded in the software. What if all of those DNS seeds are dishonest nodes? In this case, new nodes would be surrounded by dishonest nodes and it doesn't have chances to connect even one honest node and retrieve the genuine blockchain. Therefore, new nodes would be fooled in this case.

Does that mean bitcoin network still needs some extent of trust? And would it be a concern in reality?


texts: The bitcoin mining algorithm from a programmer's viewpoint

texts:
This page: Blocks said mining is actually to solve a mathematical problem, but reading Block hashing algorithm doesn't give much help.
I also tried reading bitcoind source code, but reading code takes much more time than reading documentation:)

And I have written a simple json-rpc client to call getwork() method to fetch the "data", but what should I do next to this "data"?

Anyone could explain the mining process in programmer's view?


texts: What are the steps to overcome a state in which miners couldn't mine blocks?

texts:
The difficulty is set according to the total hash rate of the network.

Is there a possibility in which miners just can't validate blocks (will not find hash that will satisfy the POW)?

I understand the probability.

there's a very small percent where they couldn't do it, is that assumption wrong?

If a situation like that is possible, what will be the solution?

As far as I understand, there will be an adjustment of the POW, decrease the difficulty, until somebody will find block?

I'm trying to understand if a potential risk to the blockchain exists at that point.


texts: What is the status of the "Hong Kong Agreement"

texts:
Are the bullet points below still valid?

We understand that SegWit continues to be developed actively as a soft-fork and is likely to proceed towards release over the next two months, as originally scheduled.
We will continue to work with the entire Bitcoin protocol development community to develop, in public, a safe hard-fork based on the improvements in SegWit. The Bitcoin Core contributors present at the Bitcoin Roundtable will have an implementation of such a hard-fork available as a recommendation to Bitcoin Core within three months after the release of SegWit.
This hard-fork is expected to include features which are currently being discussed within technical communities, including an increase in the non-witness data to be around 2 MB, with the total size no more than 4 MB, and will only be adopted with broad support across the entire Bitcoin community.
We will run a SegWit release in production by the time such a hard-fork is released in a version of Bitcoin Core.
We will only run Bitcoin Core-compatible consensus systems, eventually containing both SegWit and the hard-fork, in production, for the foreseeable future.
We are committed to scaling technologies which use block space more efficiently, such as Schnorr multisig.

https://medium.com/@bitcoinroundtable/bitcoin-roundtable-consensus-266d475a61ff#.8vbwu3ft7


texts:
Can someone please give me a basic intro to the following chart?

What do those bars mean?
What does that yellow line mean?
What do the green and red bits mean?


texts: how to create Watching Address from available xPub key

texts:
Watch-only wallet can only receive payments but not spend the available coins. I am using bitcoinj (in Java).

Can anyone please tell me that How to create watching addresses from available xPub key? where wallet can receive payments? and how to check the list of watching addresses which are related to that particular xPub key. Thanks in Advance


texts: How do off-chain transactions get back on-chain?

texts:
I've searched in vain, but not been able to find a detailed explanation of how off-chain transactions work.

If I have some BTC on the public blockchain and I want to transfer some of it to someone's wallet off-chain (e.g. we're both using Coinbase) what actually happens? Do I first need to transfer some BTC to a public bitcoin address owned by the wallet provider? This would be akin to Ripple's gateway model I think. If I didn't do this I could double spend (1 tx off-chain and another on-chain), right?
How do I get back on-chain? Is it simply that (assuming I'm correct above) the wallet provider knows my balance off-chain and will make a transfer to my address on-chain?


texts:
Instead of using bip32 or bip44 paths what if I use a custom derivation path,
For example:  m/0/0/55/1/1/0

I am thinking even if the private key is exposed then can someone guess the derivation path ?


texts: If all transactions are public knowledge and coins are identifiable and thus traceable. With the power of subpoena can't a government uncover who bought the coin(s) from an exchange. It might be unlikely but this appears to be a big hole in claim that bitcoins are an anonymous currency. Or do I misunderstand the technology?


texts: how to calculate the inputs to raw transactions?

texts: I'm wanting to send a raw TX, but i don't know how to come up with some of the parameters to the commands. What goes into the commands, what commands get used, and how to calculate anything that needs calculating. I know this needs to be done in the bitcoin command-line/console.


texts: Why should I care about my transactions ever reaching the blockchain if I can spend them while unconfirmed?

texts:
From what I understand, I can use unconfirmed transactions because they are essentially already confirmed, they just need to reach the blockchain. This can create a chain of unconfirmed transactions, but that's fine because they will all eventually be confirmed and added to the blockchain.
If that is the case, why should I care about my transactions ever reaching the blockchain? I don't see a reason why I should care, and with that, I don't see a reason to include a fee with my transactions.


texts: What are the mechanics of verifying that an output transaction is not spent?

texts:
I am trying to understand the mechanics of how a bitcoin transaction works. When the output gets consumed by a later transaction, who and how prevents this output from being consumed a second time? Do we go over all the transactions after to make sure it hasn't been used?

I am not sure what are the right tags for this kind of questions


texts: When will the public key of an address used in the network?

texts:
On block explorer there are some address with public key available, and some without.

(e.g. this one has public key:

http://blockexplorer.com/address/1HBheYzvX7NDtcwVrMS7gxReNRVezYS7w2 ,

and this one doesn't:

http://blockexplorer.com/address/1111111111111111111114oLvT2)

Why is that?

Is it because one has money sent out and one doesn't?

If I understand correctly then the public key is included in the transaction out of an address, is that right?


texts: Where can I get a complete, 1-minute precision OHLC data for the BTC/USD trading pair?

texts: I need that for a charting application. Is there any place providing that data for free?


texts:
I'm trying to figure out multisigs and have just created a 2 of 3 multisig as follows:

createmultisig 2 '["public_key_1","public_key_2","public_key_3"]'

This returns 2 values

Value 1: Address

Value 2: redeemScript

Now, if I want to fund this multisig, where do I send the funds?  I typed in Value 1 into blockr.io, and it said that is an invalid key.  So how do I get the public key for that multisig?

I am trying to learn the hard way, using bitcoin-core.

So basically, for the next step in my learning, I want to send that multisig some funds using the testnet, but I don't know where to get the public key for that multisig.


texts:
so here is the situation: my friend lost password to his "blockchain.com" wallet. He opened it in 2015 approx. And asked me to help get access again to it. He even doesn't remember are the funds in it. He had 3 blockchain.com accounts. To one of them he collected bitcoins from faucet freebitco.in
we have email and blockchain id (which is sent to email). support does not help.
so the question is: Is it possible to derive bitcoin adress from blockchain.com id? so we could check are there bitcoins in it and know is it worth of finding password to it or just for fun to that he lost to access to n number of bitcoins)


texts: I need a Detailed guide on how to Create a Litecoin Fork, With Pre-mine instructions, I would be very grateful if someone posted a comprehensive guide on how to Create a Litecoin software fork, with a Pre-mine.


texts:
Bitcoin's blocksize limit is currently 1MB. It seems as if Namecoin would have to be bigger due to it proving 512 bytes of storage with a name update, but it also has slower average block times (about 20 minutes according to BitInfoCharts).

Does Namecoin also have block size limit? What size is it?


texts: cgminer doesn't detect GPU in ssh session

texts:
I have AMD Radeon HD 6450 card and Ubuntu is my OS. If I log in normally and start cgminer it works properly and detect my graphic card. Now my monitor is turned off and I connect to my computer by ssh. In this scenario cgminer does not detect my graphic card:

[2013-12-22 13:35:09] Started cgminer 3.7.2
 [2013-12-22 13:35:09] clDevicesNum returned error, no GPUs usable
 [2013-12-22 13:35:09] No devices detected!
 [2013-12-22 13:35:09] Waiting for USB hotplug devices or press q to quit
 [2013-12-22 13:35:09] Probing for an alive pool
 [2013-12-22 13:35:09] Pool 0 difficulty changed to 256
 [2013-12-22 13:35:10] Network diff set to 3.23K

I suspect that the card is idle because monitor is turned off. To solve this I enabled X11 forwarding in my ssh session but It did not help.

sudo aticonfig --lsa
* 0. 01:00.0 AMD Radeon HD 6450

* - Default adapter

What can be cause of that situation? Is possible that card is idle? How to check that and how to force card to starts?

EDIT

My cgminer start script:

#!/bin/sh
export DISPLAY=:0
export GPU_MAX_ALLOC_PERCENT=100
export GPU_USE_SYNC_OBJECTS=1
cd /mypath/cgminer-3.7.2-x86_64-built
./cgminer [parameters]

EDIT

sudo aticonfig --adapter=all --odgt
No protocol specified
No protocol specified
ERROR - X needs to be running to perform AMD Overdrive(TM) commands


texts: I tried to recover the public key from the signature, but I failed

texts:
I used data that comes from https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0143.mediawiki#p2sh-p2wpkh. It is easy to know how to get sigHash. But when I try to recover public key, everything out off my expected.

And my question is

The message to be signed was not 64f3b0f4dd2bb3aa1ce8566d220cc74dda9df97d8490cc81d89d735c92e59fb6?
If the message is 64f3b0f4dd2bb3a...59fb6, is anything wrong to my code?

My code

import ecdsa

from ecdsa.ecdsa import int_to_string, string_to_int
from binascii import hexlify

prik = "eb696a065ef48a2192da5b28b694f87544b30fae8327c4510137a922f32c6dcf"
prik = bytes.fromhex(prik)

pubk = "03ad1d8e89212f0b92c74d23bb710c00662ad1470198ac48c43f7d6f93a2a26873"

sig = '3044022047ac8e878352d3ebbde1c94ce3a10d057c24175747116f8288e5d794d12d482f0220217f36a485cae903c713331d877c1f64677e3622ad4010726870540656fe9dcb'
sig = bytes.fromhex(sig)

raw_msg = "64f3b0f4dd2bb3aa1ce8566d220cc74dda9df97d8490cc81d89d735c92e59fb6"
raw_msg = bytes.fromhex(raw_msg)

try:
    pubkey = ecdsa.VerifyingKey.from_public_key_recovery(
        signature=sig, data=raw_msg, curve=ecdsa.curves.SECP256k1, sigdecode=ecdsa.util.sigdecode_der)
    print([hexlify(pub.to_string()) for pub in pubkey])

except Exception as e:
    raise e

def check_recovery(pub):

    padx = (b'\0'*32 + int_to_string(pub.pubkey.point.x()))[-32:]
    if pub.pubkey.point.y() & 1:
        ck = b'\3'+padx
    else:
        ck = b'\2'+padx

    return hexlify(ck)

lists = [check_recovery(p) for p in pubkey]
print(lists)
print([l == pubk for l in lists])

What I got was:
    [b'519e33c6b146628b4010ae2b56aa9127ae9b795c82df021979436296daf4cceac17eb495101c3c15011e9d5a08163122054ad375730ee2e219504540eb658211', b'd28ba1b718b542f52fe42b51635850b5900f111affbbdcbb63465e9a3dd79ffb80251268ba8d5b5ba4aaec8a682145af51b87bd7c7ab9e956895d31db24c4d4b']
    [b'03519e33c6b146628b4010ae2b56aa9127ae9b795c82df021979436296daf4ccea', b'03d28ba1b718b542f52fe42b51635850b5900f111affbbdcbb63465e9a3dd79ffb']
    [False, False]

What did I miss?


texts:
If I wanted to be paid or partially paid in Bitcoin, but my employer is not participating, is there a secure online service where I could authorize all or a portion of my pay to be sent and converted to Bitcoin?
Thanks


texts:
I recently was locked out of my Ledger NanoS when I forgot the pin code. Upon trying to reset from my recovery phrase I realized that I only have 23 of the 24 required words (not sure how it happened unfortunately). I am not positive which position the word is in but I am certain the order of the other 23 words is correct.
That being said I have to try all possibilities in every other position.

I found this post giving me a list of words to populate the missing word:
Lost my Bitcoin wallet and have only 11 out of 12 mnemonic seed phrase words. How can I get my Bitcoins?

I am searching for a piece of code that would allow me to churn the solutions without manually trying the wallets 1 by 1.


texts: How does bitcoin implement checkpoint mechanism to finalize the blockchain history?

texts: I read in Peercoin whitepaper that to prevent large blockchain reorganization, bitcoin also implements checkpoint mechanism which finalizes the blockchain history. Can you explain how exactly bitcoin implements this?


texts: I exported the private key from a 0.7.2 because I could not how to upgrade the wallet.  I then imported it into 0.18.0 I was expecting to see a  balance and the transactions and nothing was found.  I also searched the blockchain through blockchain.com using the public address from the original wallet and again found nothing.  Would greatly appreciate advice


texts: Can we decouple tx fee from the txs themselves?

texts:
We know that, in general, miners prefer putting txs with higher fees into blocks. In particular, this is bad for users who do microtransactions as it doesn't make much sense to put a lot of fee if you're only sending a small amount. I've been thinking whether it is possible to overcome this.

Basically, if we somehow find a way to decouple fees from the txs themselves then every tx will look equal to the miners. When this is the case, there's no incentive to prefer one tx over another. I believe this would make the Bitcoin more "fair" to the users.

However, I can't tell whether it is possible to come up with such a protocol while maintaining the properties of the Bitcoin. What I have in my mind is basically as follows:

Users first send some "participation tax" to an adress/adresses
which is collectively maintaned by the miners.
Miners in turn collectively sign a token and send back the token to users.
Users then include this token in their txs to prove their validity. Txs without tokens can be either be discarded or might have less priority.
The total tax sum in the pool is distributed to miners according their fraction of hash power.
The process repeats over time periods.

The key point in here is, every tx with a valid token would look the same for miners. So, there's no reason to choose one over another.
Of course, as it is, it probably has many flaws. For example, a user can pay participation fee and his txs might still not make it to the block. In this case, he basically pays the participation fee for nothing. Maybe we can overcome this with a "decentralized escrow" mechanism (not sure if this even exists) but anyway, this needs to be worked on.

What do you think ? Might such a system help the Bitcoin in a way ?


texts: How to create a P2SH address which will be the hash of a redeemScript

texts:
Suppose I have a redeemScript and I want to create a P2SH address corresponding to the hash of that redeemScript. How do I do it?

I was thinking of bitcore-lib but I'm not sure I am going in the right direction. Below is my staring point and I am not sure what to do next.

Also the scriptPubKey appears to be 0x04 and it has to be 0x05.

And how do I further generate my keys for this new address?

> var bitcore = require('bitcore-lib');
    undefined
    > var redeemScript = bitcore.Script.fromASM('OP_SHA256 001xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx6 OP_EQUAL');
    undefined
    > var scriptPubKey = redeemScript.toScriptHashOut();
    undefined
    > scriptPubKey
    <Script: OP_HASH160 20 0x04xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx6 OP_EQUAL>
    > scriptPubKey.toAddress()
    3xxxxxxxxxxxx
    > scriptPubKey.toHex()
    a914xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx287

Another option will be to use this:

https://github.com/bitcoinjs/bitcoinjs-lib/blob/master/test/integration/addresses.js#L19

Thanks!


texts: Generating private key/bitcoin address based on a "password"

texts:
Since the private key is basically a random large number, would I be able to pick a password and have that converted into an address?

For example: pick "mysecretpwd". Have it sha256ed, obtain a large integer that is the private key from which I can easily derive the public key and the bitcoin address.

Then for spending any funds received at that address I only need to remember "mysecretpwd", no private key storage on paper, mnemonics or anything, basically the funds are stored in my brain.

What are the security/privacy implications?


texts: What will a miner do when a high-fee transaction comes but he has constructed his block and is solving the puzzle?

texts:
As far as I have known, the mining process is as follows,

step 1: collect a series of transactions and construct a block by filling required information like hash of the previous block and the Merkle tree root, etc.

step 2: solving a puzzle by constantly changing the 'nonce' field of the block to make the hash of the block header less than a target.

When a miner have constructed a block (step 1) and is trying to solve the puzzle (step 2), a very attractive transaction with high fee comes, will the miner give up the work he has done, reconstruct the block and restart solving the puzzle?


texts:
According to this example:

Redeem Script: 2 PubKey1 PubKey2 PubKey3 PubKey4 PubKey5 5 OP_CHECKMULTISIG

Locking Script: OP_HASH160 <20-byte hash of redeem script> OP_EQUAL

Unlocking Script: Sig1 Sig2 redeem script

I want to calculate the <20-byte hash of redeem script> with BitcoinJ but i don't know how to do it.

This <20-byte hash of redeem script> is the result of :

RIPEMD160(SHA256(PubKey1.getPublicKeyAsHex() || PubKey2.getPublicKeyAsHex() || PubKey3.getPublicKeyAsHex() || PubKey4.getPublicKeyAsHex() || PubKey5.getPublicKeyAsHex())) or RIPEMD160(SHA256(input))???

The input (which is String type) from above is the concatenation of each public key of all participants in the redeem script.

And if <20-byte hash of redeem script> it is not the result that i mentioned above...how can i estimate this hash with BitcoinJ?


texts: Get transaction fees per transaction via gettransaction

texts:
For a research project I need to analyse all transactions that happened in 2015. All I care about are volumes transacted, fees paid and a timestamp per transaction or corresponding block.

Getting this data via APIs over the net creates lots of overhead and lets me run into rate limits (I cannot just run 50 million+ queries against blockchain.info or the coinbase-API).

So I would like to get the data out of my local instance of bitcoin-core.

Unfortunately running gettransaction  fails both programatically and via the commandline, despite the fact that I'm running bitcoind with the -reindex flag enabled:

{ [Error: Invalid or non-wallet transaction id] code: -5 }

I resorted to using getrawtransaction  1 which, unfortunately, only returns the transacted volumes per output. I take the txid of inputs and query the local instance again. A tedious-error prone process, I would like to know whether there is an easier way.

So, can somebody please help me with getting gettransaction working?


texts: Is there a Bitcoin gadget for Windows 7?

texts: Is there a Bitcoin gadget for Windows 7, which features conversion rate with EUR? (i.e. EUR/BTC)


texts:
There are several bitcoin exchanges which trade bitcoins to $US and also several other markets which trade bitcoin for other currencies.  Each exchange however quotes a different price in effective $US for a bitcoin.

This discrepancy may be a result of differing fees at exchanges, and risks associated with each exchange and so on, but temporary discrepancies may also be a result of market inefficiencies and arbitrage opportunities.

How efficient are bitcoin markets currently (including both $US dollar markets and other currencies), and how quickly are potential arbitrage opportunities eliminated?


texts: I bought BitcoinCash. I sent this to a BitcoinCore address. Is this okay? I'm still syncing. I'm a little afraid I've lost my BCC. Who knows the answer? And possibly a solution?


texts: understanding bech32 Addresses / BIP173 question

texts:
I try to understand the code from the BIP173. I read the BIP, the links to RFC3548 or z-base-32, the base32 proposal by Mark Friedenbach, and some posts here.

Q1: how to interprete script handling?

I thought to understand, that bech32 is a representation of an address (encoding a hash of a public key), and has nothing to do with scripting. I got confused, in the example section it says:

  All examples use public key 0279BE66... The P2WSH examples use <key
  OP_CHECKSIG> as script.

In a std tx I would have the sigscript with the signature and e.g. a pubkey. So for the spending tx, it is checked, that the pubkey matches to the signature. Is the same true for a bech32 address (besides being in the witness section)?
Is there an example with a multisig tx with only bech32 addresses?

Q2: what is the "GEN = [0x3b6a57b2 ..." line?

In the Specification/Checksum section it says:

def bech32_polymod(values):
  GEN = [0x3b6a57b2, 0x26508e6d, 0x1ea119fa, 0x3d4233dd, 0x2a1462b3]
  ...

I am wondering, what these values do, where do they come from? I also looked into the C code, but
 there is no further explanation. Where can I find it's meaning?


texts: How is the prioritization of Bitcoin Transactions done as of today?

texts:
How does the Bitcoin Network as of today priotize Transactions. Is it:
A) [Bitcoin Days destroyed] * [Transaction fees / Size ]
B) [Transaction fees / Size ]

What i am NOT looking for is links to old answers to the questions, where no one answering seemed to be really sure or links to 5 years old (and pretty certainly wrong) bitcoinwiki entries.

Please no speculation and guessing about this. There is already enough confusion/contradiction. I would rather have some practical viewpoints on this. Does someone run a mining rigg - how did he handle this? Did someone send 2 Transactions with same size AND Fees, but different Bitcoin days destroyed? Does someone know for sure that most Miners work with prioritization X, or has a link from bitcoin core? Etc.

Input welcome thx to the forum.


texts: How to transfer BTC balance when I have Private Key?

texts: I have BTC public address and privatekey with balance. Can I Transfer the balance for another address?


texts: Is it safe to rent server to run a full node?

texts: I want to rent dedicated server to run a full node to receive bitcoin for my website. Is this safe if I encrypt my wallets or should I own physical server?


texts:
I was talking to some folks interested in facilitating trade of non-monetary assets (power to be specific). I was thinking that Ripple as a platform may be more suited for such trades than Bitcoin. However, when I was researching Ripple today, it seemed to me that their marketing is now almost exclusively focusing on banks.

Is it still possible to issue your own assets on Ripple? Do you need to be a Ripple gateway to do so? Is there another solution to account for self-issued assets in high frequency with an non-fixed group of participants cheaply?


texts: What other currencies have same malleability vulnerability as Bitcoin?

texts:
Malleability of Bitcoin protocol has contributed to major losses and represents uncomfortable risk to Bitcoin investors in addition to possibility of 51% attack that depends on promise of biggest mining pool.

Of course, any centralized exchange company can run away with depositors money, but, at least, currency protocol should be strong enough to not allow exchange company owners to blame losses on protocol and hackers.

Do Ethereum or NXT or counterparty or ripple or mint or any in top 10 have same vulnerability ?


texts: bitcoind calls walletnotify before it's ready to process API calls

texts:
I have a walletnotify configured with bitcoind.

When I start bitcoind this scipt is being called which in turn does bitcoind requests.

However, in the startup phase, bitcoind calls the walletnotify script too early, before is is actually ready to process regular RPC API requests.

In response to the request, bitcoind delivers  HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error.

bitcoind version: bitcoin-0.11.0 linux-32

Help appreciated, or someone does a fix in bitcoind engine?


texts: Does restoring wallet.dat require the same paths and configs in servers?

texts:
I have a Bitcoin core server (Server 1) which is working well. Now I am testing backing up and restoring its wallet on a new server (Server 2).
Imagine that the server 1 has these configs:

blocksdir=/btc/blocks
datadir=/btc/data # wallet.dat file is here in  the wallets directory

Now, I want to move the backup file (wallet.dat) to the new server which its default paths are like this:

~/.bitcoin/wallet.dat
~/.bitcoin/blocks

Do I need to have the same paths in the server 2 for data and block directory as the server 1? Or can I move the backup file to the default path of wallet.dat in server 2?
Should I copy the download blockchain from the server 1 and move them to server 2 too?


texts: Does bitcoin-qt support mining in a pool?

texts: I am having difficulty getting guiminer to share a pool with me but if I mine on bitcoin-qt -gen 1 it starts hashing straight away. So I'd like to know if the official bitcoin client supports pooling?


texts:
Before answering this question please go through this scenario
Let's assume that we have now become a bitcoin-only economy and nearly all bitcoins have been mined. Now, someone wants to do business and he needs bitcoin loan, which a lender will provide him at 10% interest. After one year, the borrower has to pay back bitcoins, which now have a increased value, plus the interest. Thereby, he has two forces acting against his borrowing - the interest and deflation.
In fiat, interest and inflation cancel each other out which promotes borrowing; that's a healthy thing. But in the bitcoin economy a borrower has to fight against deflation and interest. If interest rate gets lower than zero, lenders would have no incentive to lend.
So, this makes bitcoin as a replacement for fiat useless as according to the above scenario lending doesn't work out in this economy.
Further, if somehow we make it work, where will the interest amount come from? There will be more btc to be repaid than actual btc we have and this will lead to creation of IOUs and fractional reserve. In essence, we will be reinventing the wheel.


texts: Can more than 1 block be solved per 10 mins on average (LONG TERM)?

texts:
I am wondering whether it is possible for a supercomputer to find the next 1000 blocks in a very short amount of time. Hypothetically, if a government agency concentrated a supercomputer on hashing, could they solve the next 2016 blocks in a few seconds?

  The difficulty is adjusted every 2016 blocks based on the time it took to find the previous 2016 blocks. At the desired rate of one block each 10 minutes, 2016 blocks would take exactly two weeks to find.

From what I understand from the article on the bitcoin.wiki, the difficulty would scale until 1 block is found every 10 minutes. This leads me to believe that in the long-term no more than 2016 blocks can be found at a rate of more than 1 per 10 minutes.
I  hope I am being clear. I will check for replies tonight.

Thank you so much.


texts: Is there a chart of Bitcoin merchants over time?

texts: Does there exist a chart documenting the number of bitcoin merchants over time, and if not, would it be possible to create one from any available data source?  (I'm thinking mostly of https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Trade for source material)


texts: How does cryptsy.com currency trading works?

texts:
I am using cryptsy and i am unclear how cryptsy works, At first i deposited dogecoin to newly generated address and then I made the sell offer for DOGE/LTC, now i am having some LTC but i don't see any Litecoin address in cryptsy

My questions are,

In which address my LTC balance available?
If coins are stored in db level, how it is possible to withdraw that coin?


texts: How specific are ASIC's design? Can they single hash SHA256?

texts:
I understand that Bitcoin's ASICs are a highly optimized piece of equipment and, therefore, are also very specific.

My question: are they able to do a single (or triple?) SHA-256 hash at all? And, if so, how competitively would they be with versus a GPU?


texts: Why can't I get over 8 connections on my client?

texts: How do I make my client acquire more than 8 connections? What settings in firewall and operating system, or flags at execution do I need to use to allow it?


texts: Can I generate an address without using bitcoin core?

texts: I am running bitcoin core in my mode. I am using getnewaddress to generate an address and then I am using unspent to get the unspent of an address which returns the unspent successfully. If I created an address without using getnewaddress (using some 3rd party or offline) and when I am using unspent on that address it is not giving the unspent instead it is returning an empty list. Could anyone tell me how to solve this?


texts: Alternative ways to move money out of mtgox

texts: Apparently withdrawals from MtGox are currently taking at least four weeks and probably at least eight weeks.  Would it be possible to establish an account on some other site than MtGox, then move bitcoins quickly from MtGox to that other site, the sell them and withdraw dollars quickly?  What sites, what fees, and what amounts of time would be involved?


texts: Does mining activity only exist if there are bitcoin transactions?

texts:
Bitcoin's mining only exists, if there are some transactions, right?
If nobody trades bitcoins, the miners don't have any transactions to validate, and so the number of bitcoins in circulation doesn't increase?


texts: How can I transfer a Bitcoin-qt wallet to Electrum?

texts: I am switching from bitcoin-qt to Electrum, and it seems as if I will need to download the blockchain again. Can I copy and paste my wallet.dat into Electrum's files?


texts: How to reclaim unclaimed Bitcoins sent via Blockchain.info to Facebook/Email friends?

texts:
The FAQ says

What happens if the transaction is not claimed?

The private key the funds were sent to is saved in the senders archived addresses. The sender can reclaim the amount at anytime by sweeping that address, it's up to you how long you wait for the amount to be claimed. The address will be labeled "username (Sent Via XX)"

How is this done specifically?


texts: Minar cryptocurrencies without software or special hardware

texts:
I know that it is very difficult to mine at the moment without special equipment, but I think in a way, even if it is a hobby, to try to mine either by developing a program in Java or with Excel.

I have basic equipment, currently I work with Minergate.

I want to make my own mining system, as I would do the following:

Connect to the cryptocurrency network.
Read the hash
Interpret the hash
Enter the new hash

And which currency would be feasible to undermine.

Thank you


texts: chain.com Bitcoin API: Does not provide “making wallet” feature?

texts:
chain.com's Bitcoin API is super easy to implement Bitcoin function into my iOS App. Checking the balance of a specific bitcoin address and retrieving transactions are very convenient. However, unlike luxstack.com, chain.com seems not to have "Creating Bitcoin Address" feature. Is it right?

Thanks.

FYI https://chain.com/docs


texts: How to make a payment processor like Bitpay?

texts:
There are some payment processors such as BIPS, BitPagos, BTCMerch, and a few more like them.

In detail, what do I require to get a website like that going?


texts: How can I split blockchain data over two hard drives?

texts:
My node has two SSDs and the first one is filling up. The second one still has ~230GB available and I would like to move old blockchain data over there to free up an equivalent amount on the first drive.
How can I do that? The node is running on an old Win7 machine.


texts: Is SegWit similar to/ derived from Hyperledger Fabric?

texts:
Segregating the witness (signature) data from the transactional data is similar to the structure used in Hyperledger Fabric.
Curious about the derivation of SegWit?


texts: What is the maximum anonimity set of a CoinJoin transaction?

texts:
I found the only limiting factor is the maximum standard transaction size which is 100k bytes.
The most common transactions we are concerned with are 1 input, 2 outputs and the second most common are be 2 inputs 2 outputs transactions and the sizes of these transactions are about 220 byte and 360 byte.
therefore the maximum achievable anonimity set would go from 270 to 450 (100k/360=270, 100k/220=450).

Am I correct so far?
Is there any more limiting factors?
Does SegWit elevate the size of the signature out of the calculation of maximum standard transaction size, therefore resulting around 30% more anonimity sets? (Signatures are 71 bytes on average.) So in this case 351 to 468.


texts: What are the advantages for an user that is running a Bitcoin full node?

texts:
I am running a Bitcoin full node Bitcoin core version v0.19.1 (64-bit).

I know that is one of the most secure wallets, but the process to set up a full node is very painful, and even if you keep this full node running 24/7 you won't get paid.

So I just would like to know what are the advantages for an user that is running this full node, I only can think that the network will be benefit with that somehow, but I can't see any advantage for the user.


texts:
Given the lack of replay protection when the SegWit2x fork splits off a different chain is there a safe mechanism to broadcast a tx so that it will only be accepted by the 1x or 2x chain nodes?

If the answer is no would an option be to run both a bitcoin-core and btc1 full node and send coins to myself on the btc1 node. Once that tx is accepted into the SegWit2x block and NOT the 1x block I'd have safely split my coins? If the tx got replayed onto the 1x chain I could try again, hopefully not too many times to avoid fees.


texts: 20% difference between settxfee and actual transaction

texts:
I set transaction fee with :

$ bitcoin-cli settxfee 0.00003000

Here is what i observe from block explorer for my transaction :
https://testnet.blockexplorer.com/tx/789d578d22ee07e11ceca9e94aacbf51d36a41223f792035cac26e91830f39c3

Fee Rate    0.000036 BTC per kB

I've tested with different transaction fees for several times; difference always 20% more.

I am on testnet3; using bitcoind version 0.16.0

Edit :

As Adam's answer; now i am more skeptical about byte calculation of blockchain monitoring sites (or whatever they are called).

I've inspected my transaction with getransaction call.
But i still dont see fee per kB is matching with calculation. According to hex parameter; it should be 250 bytes. So total fee should be 0.00000750. Shouldn't i take hex  parameter as size of transaction?

If adam's calculation correct; (seem like it is) then 180 * 0.00003000 / 1024 = 0.00000527. Closest answer so far with %4.5 difference.

Is my calculation correct?

bitcoin-cli gettransaction 789d578d22ee07e11ceca9e94aacbf51d36a41223f792035cac26e91830f39c3
{
  "amount": -0.00005000,
  "fee": -0.00000504,
  "confirmations": 190,
  "blockhash": "0000000000000287661d724d67bed9c1a8861179413e056ee0d16a8b132ad380",
  "blockindex": 12,
  "blocktime": 1527979564,
  "txid": "789d578d22ee07e11ceca9e94aacbf51d36a41223f792035cac26e91830f39c3",
  "walletconflicts": [
  ],
  "time": 1527979516,
  "timereceived": 1527979516,
  "bip125-replaceable": "no",
  "details": [
    {
      "account": "",
      "address": "momFk8PtAZoN4j7Y6jnbucEfc6teUKECEB",
      "category": "send",
      "amount": -0.00005000,
      "vout": 0,
      "fee": -0.00000504,
      "abandoned": false
    }
  ],
  "hex": "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"
}


texts: Been reading the bitcoin source code but unsure what this segment of Serialize.h does

texts:
I decided to learn about crypto (and C++) by first reading the entire C++ implementation of bitcoin. I'm having issue with this segment of serialize.h

template<typename Stream, typename I>
void WriteVarInt(Stream& os, I n)
{
    unsigned char tmp[(sizeof(n)*8+6)/7];
    int len=0;
    while(true) {
        tmp[len] = (n & 0x7F) | (len ? 0x80 : 0x00);
        if (n <= 0x7F)
            break;
        n = (n >> 7) - 1;
        len++;
    }
    do {
        ser_writedata8(os, tmp[len]);
    } while(len--);
}

I get that it is writing some variable to a stream, however I don't understand the significance of

(sizeof(n)*8+6)/7

for the array size. Then it enters some loop where it performs a bitwise or of the bitwise and of the loop counter and the hex representation of 127, and either the hex of 128 or 0 depending on whether or not the loop counter is 0.

Then if the number is less than 127 it is going to exit and write the reverse of the array to the stream.

What I don't understand is:

What is the significance of that size of the array?
Why the bitwise operations?
Why write the array to the stream in reverse order?


texts: Will minrelayfee change the value depend on the mempool size?

texts:
I got the following error when I executed sendrawtransaction. But it worked normally when I tried it on another bitcoin node.

66: mempool min fee not met

Someone says that minrelayfee will change depend on the mempool size

  AFAIK thats normal with 0.12 (core, not sure about classic) as 300 MB is the default limit where the node will drop TX from memory and raise the minrelayfee. This would also affect its feeestimate.

https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=232979.80

My maxmempool setting is default, which is 300MB. It matches as he mentioned. Do you agree with his answer?

My bitcoin core is version 0.13.2. I changed the maxmempool value then I restarted it. I'm waiting for full mempool syncing.

Update 1

I found mempoolminfee was 0.00003063 even thought I did not set the value. I want to stop this behavior.

$ bitcoin-cli getmempoolinfo
{
  "size": 67620,
  "bytes": 92474511,
  "usage": 204589408,
  "maxmempool": 300000000,
  "mempoolminfee": 0.00003063
}


texts:
I am trying out bitcoin multi-sig in test net and when I make a payment i get the payment details address as 3CRrDxJwwkrJqmgSWikQMmZWCDo5SmL3tc

but when i go into my test net wallet and try to send funds to this address it comes back as unrecognised.

Any ideas what I am doing wrong ?

Thanks


texts:
The file says it has no content(47 bytes to be specific) and there's no way to open and edit it.
Anyone what I'm doing wrong. Mac operator*


texts: Do all mining pools compete to unlock same block?

texts: Are all the mining pools competing to unlock each new block, or is each pool assigned an individual block to unlock?


texts: What does the "Cost per Transaction" chart on BlockChain.info show?

texts: According to the Blockchain.info: Cost per Transaction, the latest "Cost per Transaction" value is 16 USD. Apparently, it's not the transaction fee, what does it mean then?


texts: What is the maximum amount of an Elements asset that can be issued?

texts:
Elements allow for assets issuance, and I was wondering what was the limit to the number of units that we can issue for each asset.
There's a limit to the amount that can be issued each time, which is 21 millions, but it seems that by issuing 21 millions again and again I can issue much more than that.
My guess is that the max amount that could be issued is the maximum number of satoshis that can fit in a int64_t, which should be 92,233,720,368.54775807, am I getting this right?


texts: When does bitcoin wallet subtracts the coins spent by that particular address?

texts: After how many confirmations does the bitcoin wallet subtracts/updates the account balance in respect of respective wallet address.


texts: Can you have a password based cryptocurrency?

texts:
Bitcoin is key based. Although it is possible to convert a password into a key, publishing the public key makes it vulnerable to brute force. Currently, passwords are used with Bitcoin, but only to protect keys (if the key is lost, your money is lost. Publishing the key in a public place is bad idea because brute force.) Is there a way to you can use passwords, but make checking the password require mining a block?

In particular, is there a way to make it so that it is impossible to know if a transaction signed with a password is correct unless its part of a mined block? This way, even if your password only requires 1,000,000 tries to crack, the attacker needs to mine 1,000,000 blocks to bruteforce the password?

In particular, once they have mined a block, if you change the password, the proof of work becomes invalid, and you need to generate a new one before you can check the new password.
Although it is tempting to say that blocks with invalid passwords are invalid (so our malicious miner doesn't even get to keep what he mined), this would put honest miners at risk of receiving invalid transactions and losing their mined coins. Therefore, invalid transactions would just have to be ignored.
Users could change their password by simply creating a new account and transferring their funds to that.

Is this possible? Does any cryptocurrency currently do this?


texts: What are the advantages of a 210,000-block subsidy halving interval that's out-of-sync with retargeting?

texts:
The block subsidy halves every 210,000 blocks. Where could this number reasonably have come from? I'm not talking about the idea of a four year interval. 210,000 is quite close to four years given 10-minute blocks - let's just assume that's the ballpark Satoshi was after.

The most obvious problem is that 2,016 (the retargeting block interval) isn't a factor of 210,000. This puts the block subsidy halving and retargeting intervals out of sync.

For example, the subsidy halving interval might have been set at 209,664 blocks. At 10 minutes/block, this would have put the halving interval at very close to 4 years (~3.99).

Granted, retargeting and subsidy halving don't appear to be related. Nevertheless, it seems awkward to create unsynchronized adjustment events.

Was Satoshi just trying to keep things simple by choosing 210,000, or is there something I'm missing?
What attacks might be feasible under a synchronized halving schedule that wouldn't be possible under the existing one?


texts:
I'm building a tool that uses ripple-lib on the client side and ripple-rest on the server side.  For some features, I need the administrator to provide the account secret.

I could prompt the user for both the account ID and the secret.  Instead, I want to prompt for only the secret and calculate the account ID automatically.  That way, I'll always have a valid matching ID and secret.

I'm certain this can be done, as the client at https://ripple.com/client/#/register allows you to enter the secret and it does exactly what I'm talking about.

I can't find any documentation as to how it does this.  Does ripple-lib provide an API for calculating the account ID, given the secret?


texts:
The Bitcoin wiki states:

  the first transaction of a block is, with few exceptions, the
  transaction that grants those coins to their recipient (the miner)

How are those "few exceptions"? When is the first transaction of a block not the miner reward?


texts:
From stratum,I know that the coinbase is composed of "Coinb1 +Extranonce1 + Extranonce2 + Coinb2".

How did Extranonce2_size change ?

Will the Extranonce2_size change when I connect to a pool?


texts: bitcoins can use different algorithm, how and implications

texts:
I read that if sha-256 was compromised at some point in the future, or for any other reason, bitcoin could switch to a different algorithm

can someone detail how exactly that would work, and what the implications to existing blocks would be?

from my understanding, everything is hashed with sha-256, then another algorithm would be incompatible with all previous blocks....

can someone elaborate on this?

if bitcoin, or any cryptocurrency, switched algorithms, what would happen to people's current addresses and the ledger of transactions? In theory it should be very simple for major pools to switch to the new client, as has been done numerous times in cryptocurrency land, but I've never seen it done with a different algorithm.


texts:
All of the buying guides or suggestions here on bitcoin.stackexchange seem dated and old.

Does anyone have any new methods for buying Bitcoin with a disposable or personal debit card?

It's not illegal to have Bitcoin (I don't think) why is it so difficult to acquire Bitcoin?


texts: How do you send to multiple addresses by paying a one time fee? Which wallet supports this?

texts:
I have 20+ addresses I need to payout to. How can I send to all of these addresses without having to do it one at a time and paying a fee for each?

Which desktop and mobile wallet supports this type of feature?


texts: How to send transaction in Bitcoin-Qt without transaction fee

texts:
Possible Duplicate:
  Is there a way to not pay the transaction fees when using the standard Bitcoin client?

How do I override the transaction fee in bitcoin-qt?


texts: Ich habe bitcoin-qt auf neuen Computer installiert und komplette blockchain runtergeladen. Wie verbinde oder oeffne ich meine alte Wallet?

texts: Ich habe bitcoin-qt auf neuen Computer installiert und komplette blockchain runtergeladen. Wie verbinde oder oeffne ich meine alte Wallet die auf alten Computer erstellt wurde?


texts:
Three players, Bob, Alice and Ted are seated at a poker-table and are
  playing a game of Texas Hold’em. Bob is the dealer, and he generates a deck of 52 cards on his machine, only he can view the cards. Using Fisher-Yates /dev/urandom he shuffles the deck of cards, and then encrypts the deck with the same encryption key on each card, making the deck unreadable to anyone but himself. He then passes the now encrypted deck to Alice, who does the same thing: shuffles the deck of cards and then encrypts them. Finally, Alice passes the deck to Ted who goes through the same process.
  The deck is now in its final ordered state, 1 through 52, and this order does not change throughout the course of the hand. Ted passes the now 3x encrypted deck of cards back to Bob, who takes off his “shuffle lock” and now encrypts each individual card with a different encryption key: B1, B2….B52. He passes the deck to Alice, who does the same thing: removes her “shuffle-key” and encrypts the deck with a unique encryption key A1, A2….A52. Alice then passes the deck back to Ted, who completes this same process.

How is it possible that Bob can remove his encryption key of a string that is completely random for him, because Alice and Ted encrypted it?

Is this a feature of asymetric cryptography? If so a jsfiddle or so mayb be nice :)

I understand that you can encrypt something with a private key and decrypt it with a public key, but is it like that that this also works on strings that somebody else also encrypted (like in the example above)? So can I just simply remove my encryption?


texts: I've seen the term "dust" used to describe small transactions that might be considered as spam by the Bitcoin network. Is there is a generally accepted definition of this term?


texts: How to figure from logs if solomining the wallet fails (linux)?

texts: Is there a way to figure from logfiles if mining on a coin(d) ie bitcoind client on a linux OS fails?


texts: When did Satoshi Nakamoto release Bitcoin v.0.1 to the public? 08 Jan 09 or 09 Jan 09?

texts:
Many websites say Satoshi Nakamoto released Bitcoin on 09 Jan 2009 (Source 1) (Source 2) (Source 3).

After looking through the Satoshi Archive, it seems to have been released on 08 Jan 2009 (Source).

Just wondering, when was Bitcoin released to the public? Which of these is correct?


texts:
I am following the instructions in my bitcoin.conf file, it writes:

It is set at intialization time
# using the output from the script in share/rpcuser/rpcuser.py after providing a username:
#
# ./share/rpcuser/rpcuser.py alice

However, I can't finde any rpcuser folder or rpcuser.py file. Am I supposed to have them? Is this normal? I already ran

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:bitcoin/bitcoin
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install bitcoin-qt

So, if I don't have the file, where should I get it from? Does this mean my bitcoin installation is incomplete? I havent synced all the blockchain yet..

Anyway, any advice is welcome.


texts: Would miners have an advantage by proceeding randomly?

texts: If most miners are looking for solving their proof of work in a prescribed order (perhaps preceded by a prescribed way to break down the search space, e.g. by dichotomy); is there not an advantage for a miner (especially a low hash power one) to proceed randomly and try to avoid common search space enumeration patterns where it will be more competitive?


texts: Can you create multiple transactions per block in chronological order?

texts:
Say I buy a coffee mug, a box of tea bags, and a half liter of honey in the span of five minutes using Bitcoin.

Since the Bitcoin network creates a block every ten minutes or so, these transactions will be within one single block.

Once the block containing the transactions is created can I use a blockchain explorer to view the transactions in chronological order?


texts: How do you apply "-zapwallettxes" on Windows?

texts:
On May 27 I tried to sell some Bitcoins(for the first time). Since that day the transaction is in the status "unconfirmed". The amount is booked from my wallet, but isn't booked to my bank account.

The solution I found to solve my problem was to start the Bitcoin core wallet with "-zapwallettxes". I'm using Win10 and don't find a way to do this.

Has anyone got any idea on what can I do to sell or to get back the Bitcoin? Answers in German are welcome too.


texts: On-chain scaling still required with Lightning Network?

texts:
I'm wondering if/how Lightning Network relieves us of on-chain scaling on the road towards mass-level adoption. As I understand, payment broadcasts are deferred to the point in which the channel is closed, whereupon they are bundled and settled via consensus. Seems to me that although funds can be transferred hand to hand instantaneously, if we achieve global adoption, Lightning Network spends may still congest the mempool when they are finally broadcasted.

Discussion on page 52 of the Lightning Network whitepaper DRAFT Version 0.5.9.2 (after this was answered):

  If we presume that a decentralized payment network exists and one user
  will make 3 blockchain transactions per year on average, Bitcoin will
  be able to support over 35 million users with 1MB blocks in ideal
  circumstances (assuming 2000 transactions/MB, or 500 bytes/Tx). This
  is quite limited, and an increase of the block size may be necessary
  to support everyone in the world using Bitcoin. A simple increase of
  the block size would be a hard fork, meaning all nodes will need to
  update their wallets if they wish to participate in the network with
  the larger blocks.

  While it may appear as though this system will mitigate the block size
  increases in the short term, if it achieves global scale, it will
  necessitate a block size increase in the long term. Creating a
  credible tool to help prevent blockchain spam designed to encourage
  transactions to timeout becomes imperative.


texts: Creating address from private key (bitcoin puzzle)

texts:
I saw a puzzle here and I'm having problems understanding how the addresses are created. So the post there has a list of addresses like:

Address 5:

KwDiBf89QgGbjEhKnhXJuH7LrciVrZi3qYjgd9M7rFU7Dq8Au4Pv
1E6NuFjCi27W5zoXg8TRdcSRq84zJeBW3k
Biginteger PVK value: 21
Hex PVK value: 15

Address 6:

KwDiBf89QgGbjEhKnhXJuH7LrciVrZi3qYjgd9M7rFU7Tmu6qHxS
1PitScNLyp2HCygzadCh7FveTnfmpPbfp8
Biginteger PVK value: 49
Hex PVK value: 31

Address 7:

KwDiBf89QgGbjEhKnhXJuH7LrciVrZi3qYjgd9M7rFU7hDgvu64y
1McVt1vMtCC7yn5b9wgX1833yCcLXzueeC
Biginteger PVK value: 76
Hex PVK value: 4C

So, taking Address 7 as an example, I believe the address is 1McVt1vMtCC7yn5b9wgX1833yCcLXzueeC and the private key is 76 in decimal and 4C in hex.

What is KwDiBf89QgGbjEhKnhXJuH7LrciVrZi3qYjgd9M7rFU7hDgvu64y ? Is that the public key?

And how do you go from that private key and the other value to the address?

I tried this answer but didn't get the same result

Any help would be very useful. Thanks


texts: Is it more efficient to use multiple computers when I have multiple GPUs?

texts:
I have 4 video cards: 2x 7970 & 2x 6970.

This is a question of efficiency regarding MH/s. Simply, I would like to know which is better:

~1900 MH/s on one machine
~1200 MH/s and ~700 MH/s on respective machines
It does not matter

Could the answer please include efficiency for both solo mining and pool mining?


texts: :( Hi I need some help, I ordered some bit coin from bitcoin.co.uk and sent them what I thought was my wallet address on mycelium, but what I sent them was a qr code address when u click on recive! Will it be sent to that at code or will it just be lost? And if it’s not do I just need to scan that qr code with a different wallet qr scanner?? :(


texts: What programming language should i learn if i want to implement its technology in the future?

texts: As a Uni student still learning (currently web-development), i want to eventually learn to program web applications. I also would like to eventually (in the future), be able to implement Bitcoins code in whatever i work with. What programming language should i choose as my first to learn?


texts: Does an eBay listing that accepts Bitcoin violate their payments policy?

texts:
eBay's payments policy says that the listing must accept at least one payment method that is PayPal, credit card, etc.   It does not appear to say that other payment methods cannot be offered though.

http://pages.ebay.com/help/policies/accepted-payments-policy.html

Would a listing that has in the description something like the following be a violation of that policy?

  Also will accept Bitcoin for payment.


texts: Why would someone be willing to sell BitCoins at substantially below market price?

texts: A local fellow in my area is will to sell BitCoins for below market price in exchange for cash.  I can't help be wonder if it's a scam.  Is there a reason why someone might be willing to do this?


texts: List of companies that has Implemented their own cryptocurrency or Color Coins in their business?

texts: Is there a list of companies that has implemented either their own crptocurrency or went with the color coins approach into their business? I'm particularly looking for non-mining related companies that went with the color coins approach piggy backing on top of an existing cryptocurrency. Either they used it as a way of points or actual currency in their business to buy products/services.


texts:
I recently wanted to get some bitcoins from someone.
I use blockchain and I clicked on receive and copied my bitcoins receivng address and gave it to someone.
then he bought some bitcoins(150$) from http://oraclechange.com/ and payed by paypal.
so he payed 150$ 1 hour ago and there is nothing in my blockchain wallet.
where are my bits?
(sorry for my bad english)


texts: What prevents miners from inserting fake transactions given SegWit?

texts:
If I'm understanding segwit correctly, miners have to verify signatures in order to include a transaction into a block that they are mining. However, miners are not required to verify signatures in order to decide that a block a different miner mined is valid. Is this correct? It sounds to me like most do still verify though?
Are signatures discarded eventually?
Should a mining pool temporarily gain 51% control of the blockchain, can they insert transactions, and not include the segwit for a block or two because, by the time other miners are allowed to mine, those signatures will have expired?


texts: Can a block have multiple coinbase transactions? Also is there a limit to the number of signatures a multi-sig transaction has or requires?

texts: I am wondering if a block can be created with multiple coinbase transactions. The US government regulates mining pools that have control over the miner's wallets, so it would be fabulous if this could be circumvented by having multiple coinbase transactions to multi-sig wallets. Also is there a limit to the number of signatures that a multi-sig wallet can require?


texts: How to check the balance of the list of 1 million Bitcoin Addresses? Is there such a program?


texts: Lightning bumpfee completes but doesnt create a new transaction. Instead it waits in "pending sweeps"

texts:
I had a Lightning channel open transaction pending for 24 hours due to a low fee.
So I issued a bumpfee for the output index like so:
lncli wallet bumpfee --sat_per_byte <new_fee> <txid>:<output index>

This completed with a return value of 0.
However a new transaction was never created.
Instead there is an output in the command:
lncli wallet pendingsweeps

where I see the <new_fee> specified and the "outpoint" being the txid:output_index value
So what do I need to do to complete this CPFP operation?


texts:
I am developing a new alpha for algorithmic trading of bitcoin.

My basic Idea is to construct a function which maps a change of supply into the total buy/sell action.

and also I'd like to track the change of total liquidity of bitcoin.

To make this alpha, I need handleable .xlsx or .csv file that holds the information about supply of bitcoin in time series.

Any help for me to find this data? where can I find it?


texts:
I have a problem that I hope that you can solve.. I have, for 6 days now, confirmed but unspent transaction.

This is link:  https://blockchain.info/address/37gsnq1RYrUQrFy5jJvwUSBJBQYqSGdWnn
screenshot from my wallet link to blockchain:

Please, can u advice me what to do.. I'm a little desperate now, it has been 6 days and stillI cant reach my funds.

Please help,thank you in advance.

RoTop

Thx Murch for your explanation..excuse my limited English language.

Thing is that I bought with Bitcoin in that transaction BCCash .. Transaction was made in my Coinomi wallet 11.11.2017 and was confirmed on 13.11. And from that point nothing else happened.
I'M stuck.. I don't have BCoin that I spent and I don't have BCoin Cash that I bought..
My situation is not good at this moment..

I contacted Shapeshift exchange and Coinomi and still I didn't get any answer from them..

One thing I don't understand.. Can this transaction be always unspent and have I lost my money ?

I hope I clarified my situation..

Thx in advance for your assistance..

Rotop.


texts: What is the relationship between bitmain-freq, Hashrate and Power Consumption?

texts:
I am running a few old miners (T9+) to heat my home and they are too loud and making a loss (which is ok, as I am interested in the heat). Following this suggestions (sticking with the standard firmware) I already reduced the fan-speed by adding the following entries to /conf/bmminer.conf
"bitmain-fan-ctrl": true,
"bitmain-fan-pwm": "66",

This resulted in an increased temperature of the chips (still below 100 deg C) as can be seen here:

coming from here (below 80 deg C):

Since I am still not too happy with the noise level (reduction from 75db to 60db) thus I am considering to under clock the miners.
I believe that the frequency and Hashrate should follow a linear / proportional law meaning that reducing the frequency by 20% from 550 to 440 should result in a reduced hash rate by 20% from 10.5 to 8.4 TH/sec. Can someone please confirm this?
I am actually more interested in what is the relationship to power consumption. I am currently mining at a loss meaning I can't afford the same energy cost at a lower hash rate. I read that overclocking is not economic as the energy consumption does not grow linear.

Would that even hold true in the other direction?
Could the mining cost even break even (neglicting hardware cost) if I would reduce the frequency by 50 or more percent?
Where can I find a plot to measure this effect or how could I create one? (I am not a electrician)


texts: Why was transaction malleability ever allowed?

texts: I understand that the data included in a transaction signature is not exactly the same as the data included in a transaction hash, but why was it designed this way?  I don't see any advantage in just making the data set the same for both purposes and there are apparently a lot of drawbacks.


texts: Why is the relationship between tx and block many to many?

texts:
I was looking through the code for ABE, and I discovered that the relationship of blocks to transactions is many to many.

Why are some transactions stored in the transaction lists of multiple blocks?


texts: what is the relationship between bandwidth and hash rate?

texts:
What is the relationship between bandwidth and hash rate?
I have an AntMiner S4 mining at 2.1GHashes.
I understand that the miner has no hard drive, and does its operations purely in memory, and that the device sends and receives data when calculations are complete.

My question is what does running a Bitcoin Miner do to network load (I am assuming network load is a function of Hash rate).