texts: Huge price difference between mtgox and others - why?

texts:
I know mtgox is imposing halts of withdrawals at the moment but i just cant understand this chart (see bellow - taken on 21.2.14 21:37 GMT), surely if i can buy btc on mtgox and

A) Then spend them

B) Keep them

When mtgox allows withdrawals they will be at c.$400-500, why are they listed at c.$100 on mtgox at the moment ? Am i missing something or is there a huge opportunity here (ie. why are people selling at $100 when elsewhere they are going for $500) ?

Or is the price artificial ie. its just a price but no coins are changing hands ?


texts: Can I see the workings (console) of my bitcoin full node?

texts:
I have just completed the IBD of my bitcoin full node on Bitcoin Core on Linux. When I open Bitcoin Core, i just get the basic wallet interface. It there anyway of seeing what the node is doing behind the scenes through some sort of console and interface where I can search through the blockchain too?
If not, Is it possible on Ethereum clients?
Thank you


texts: How do SPV get their transactions after being offline?

texts:
SPV nodes rely on their peers to send them transaction data that is relevant to them. When an SPV node sets up a bloom filter with one of their full node peers, doesn't that only tell the full node which transactions to send the SPV node from now on?

How do SPV nodes catch up after being offline? Which p2p calls can they use to get their transaction info from their peers?


texts: При подмене wallet.dat ничего не происходит клиентbitcoin core

texts:
Good afternoon, I change the wallet.dat folder and nothing happens, opens the wallet and just offers to create a wallet.
reinstall the program all the same


texts: How used the getrawtransaction for fin the tx blockchain

texts:
How used the getrawtransaction to find the tx blockchain?

inside the documentation says to use the -txindex, can you give me an example for the complete command please?


texts:
With Bitcoin, you can sign messages to prove that you are in possession of a private key associated to a public key. Correct me if I'm wrong, but from my understanding this only works with a separate communication channel, such as email or a central system where you request the other system participant to sign the message for you.

I think this works great if you want to confirm a shipping address in order to make sure the person who paid is aware of where the shipment goes (if you want to accept the fact that everyone in the network can see your shipping address).

But does that work for a notary use case, for example? How can you know, using Bitcoin message signing, that the company "AMCE Ltd." is actually behind the address "XYZ"? Is this only possible if you actually call AMCE Ltd. or email them for them to sign a message for you? What if you can not trust the communication channel (e.g. message gets intercepted by a potential attacker).

The only thing I can think of that can solve the problem is introduce a middlemen you are required to trust (from what I understand, Onename.com is such a middleman) and who does the background check for you. But from my understanding, this would eliminate a significant part of the value of Blockchain. Why would you need a distributed ledger anyways if you already trust the middleman?


texts: What is the significance of the last 5 digits of Base 58 WIF?

texts:
I'm trying to understand the Base 58 WIF number. While messing around with importing on blockchain I noticed that if you change the last five (or so) digits, it doesn't appear to affect which address is imported -
i.e. i get the "This address is already present in the wallet" note.
Does anyone have any insight they could share about this?


texts: Mining behind a proxy and restrictive firewall (only http ports allowed) - possible?

texts:
I have a very restrictive firewall with an additional proxy here. Is there a GPU mining tool out there that supports proxy server?
The best would be a SSL connection to the mining pool. A long living stream also doesn't work I think, because Internet radio is not possible.

I don't have a PC on the outside, so SSH tunnel is no option.

Edit:
Mining over a website could be a solution too. I tried http://www.bitcoinplus.com/ and it worked after setting the http proxy to a correct value for Java.


texts:
At https://coinbase.com/charts we see that $/BTC ratio has been pretty steady for the past week, while the number of transactions per day has plummeted from more than 120,000 to fewer than 27,000.

I'd have guessed that the price would be more sensitive to the number of transactions.  Is there some explanation of why it's not?


texts: Who recomputes and announces the difficulty in Bitcoin?

texts:
I know that the Bitcoin difficulty is recomputed every 2016 blocks (about two weeks).

But who is responsible for this job and how is the new value announced to all miners. Does every miners do the computation or is there a specific entity of the network do it?


texts: How to verify ASICMiner share ownership through Bitcoin address / blockchain.info?

texts: How do I verify ownership of ASICMiner shares through a Bitcoin address given that matches with a signed message I've been sent?


texts:
On windows should I and how to update qt client?

(btw I'm running dogecoin qt client but it's pretty alike)


texts: What are Merklized Alternative Script Trees?

texts: I have seen the acronym MAST floating around. I saw that it stands for Merklized Alternative Script Trees, but what does that mean? In what context do they appear and what can they be used for?


texts: What are the limitations of a Client connecting to the Network through TOR?

texts:
I've recently been reading the Weaknesses Wiki page on "Attack on all users" and I came upon this statement:

  The IP addresses of most users are totally public. You can use Tor to hide this, but the network won't work if everyone does this.

Which implies that a Client connecting to the Network through TOR can't fulfil all of its tasks this way. What are the limitations of a Client connecting to the Network through TOR, as opposed to a standard connection?


texts: Is there a paper wallet for all crypto-currencies?

texts:
I am relatively new to crypto-currencies and I am just wondering if there is inherently a paper wallet for all crypto-currencies made?
Do they all have public and private keys that you can write down on a piece of paper to store?

The reason I ask is because I am looking into diversifying my portfolio and I have my eye on some coins but I cannot confirm that they have paper wallets.
An example: MaidSafeCoin can be kept on Bitcoin address. There are a lot of ways to store bitcoin addresses. Paper wallet being one of them. So MaidSafeCoin can be stored on paper.

If all coins use public/private then it is just a matter of writing those down. Am I missing something?


texts: 51% attack and rewriting to the latest checkpoint

texts:
This is not a question about the consequence of a 51% on the price nor as to the motivation of the attacker. Let say we don't care that it's not realistic and we don't care that the attacker wouldn't be rational.

Let's just assume an attacker has always 50%+1 (51%) of the mining power.

My understanding is that if I've got 51% of the mining power I can always, probability-wise, rewrite the blockchain to a blockchain with the more PoW.
I know there are checkpoints in the codebase with hashes of certain blocks and so I cannot wait decades (or hundreds of years), to rewrite the blockchain from scratch.

I read this statement, which I don't know is correct not:

  Crypto Fact:  Longest (Bitcoin) Chain with the Most Difficulty Wins , unless a Checkpoint Blocks it.

But can I always rewrite to the latest checkpoint?

When are these checkpoints added and how "far back" do these checkpoints go?

Is there a maximum number of blocks or "rewrite" that nodes can accept hardcoded in the protocol? (where nodes would reject the chain with the most PoW because it "tries to rewrite too many blocks").

What about if I've got 99% of the mining power, is this different than having 75% or 51%?

I mean, theoretically, is there an attack I can mount with 99% that I cannot do with 51%?

This is really just a single question which I think boils down to: Can I always rewrite to the latest checkpoint if I own 51% of the mining power?


texts: What are the transaction fees with Ripple.com?

texts:
https://ripple.com/how-ripple-works/

  While Ripple does not charge a typical fee for profit, each
  transaction does require a small portion of a ripple (equivalent to
  ~1/1000th of a cent) for security.

This seems to assume a certain conversion rate between Ripples (XRP) and real world money. How much in XRP is the TX fee?


texts: How to know if cgminer is really mining?

texts: I have set up cgminer on a linux machine to mine litecoins. I already installed the nvidia driver for this. Yesterday at night I put it to mine (I guess) but I'm in doubt if it is really mining because the hashes per time is still zero as in the picture. How to know if it is actually minining or not?


texts: Recent Bitcoin fork/why didnt I get credit?

texts:
I am new to this crypto currency thing and am soooo confused but learn more and more everyday! What I am trying to figure out now is:

I own a fraction of a Bitcoin on Coinbase. I look at coin base as my “ETrade”. I can just buy and sell there, is there a better place and if so why is the other place better?
Recently, in November, Bitcoin had a fork. I was under the impression during a fork it is just like a “split”. I thought I would get equal “shares” of Bitcoin under a different symbol and/or Blockchain. I do not see where I received anything. Why?
Should I hold my coins elsewhere to take advantage of forks? If so, where?

Thank you so much for trying to clear up my spinning head!


texts: How does a miner’s pubkey get passed into miner.cpp?

texts:
I understand that a miner using an application like pooler’s cpuminer can set a Coinbase-txn address where new coins that are generated to. I’m trying to override this setting in the code of the core client for an academic project to demonstrate bitcoin’s consensus mechanism. When I try to set a fixed address in the core client, the miner is still being paid out to the address they set rather than the hardcoded one in the miner.cpp file

How does the address get sent for a miner’s Coinbase transaction payout? Having some insight into where the logic is would allow me to further try and troubleshoot my project.

Thank you


texts: How to find my private key! Please help!

texts: Trying to send some BTC payments and don’t know my private key. Can anyone help me and tell me it or tell me how to get it.


texts: How do transaction costs compare between Bech32 addresses and legacy Bitcoin addresses?

texts: Now that Electrum 3 supports Bech32 addresses for segwit, when sending coins to a legacy address are fees higher or cheaper?


texts: Iterating through LevelDB or .DAT files to enumerate bitcoin addresses

texts: I'm looking for a library that can parse either the .DAT files or the .ldb files to enumerate bitcoin addresses.  Alternatively, if that can't be done via the standard .dat or .ldb, I'll take a different bitcoin server that can do so with its own database.


texts: Can i recover exodus with 12 words form blockchain.info?

texts:
At btgexplorer i saw that i have some BTG. I want to claim it from by blockchain.info wallet. I followed this article https://medium.com/@kuzdogan/how-to-claim-your-bitcoin-gold-from-blockchain-info-or-other-wallets-e7ff4242ecf2 but i cannot use Coinomi wallet. I like to use exodus wallet.

If i recover my bitcoin wallet (with 12 words from blockchain.info) inside exodus, will i still be able to use my blockchain.info wallet?


texts: I was reading about how Liquid works. Do Liquid transaction fees work the same way BTC fees do (per transaction)? Is there only Blockstream as a miner or are there other enterprises who collect the fees too?


texts: I'm trying to convince myself that I'm backing up my wallet correctly. I am told my private keys are in the wallet.dat file, but what is wallet.dat.gpg? It's not listed here.


texts: How to sign rawtransaction with private key

texts:
How to sign raw transaction with private key.
this is my raw transaction :

0200000001fcd54594bba82795afa84ebf500b3944546117c9371e951fc4539e7455ebafb20000000000ffffffff01b8f902000000000017a914b4e6b1471691d9e9e54cd19d39c8565bcadeb3338700000000

which is made by bitcoin-cli createrawtransaction .

That raw transaction made in server.

And I want to sign this raw transaction in my local PC.
How do I sign that with private key?

Please let me know with the sample code.
My language is java.

Very Thank you.


texts: What does a negative "confirmations" value in listtransactions mean?

texts: I sent a transaction on a small altcoin, and running listtransactions an hour later or so says -1 confirmations. It is forked from Bitcoin Core 0.8 and barely modified. What does this mean?


texts: Can you search a transaction by quantity?

texts:
I have been looking and I cant figure out a way to find a recent transaction by quantity. Let's say I know someone sent "x" amount of BTC but I don't know who was the sender nor the receiver, this transaction however was very recent, less than an hour ago. Can I search for transactions in the blockchain by quantity sent or received?

Something like the "recent transactions" tab on blockchain.info but a complete log of that.

Thank you very much!


texts: How does the bitcoin core protect against initial DNS seed changes?

texts: While the bitcoin network is essentially P2P, one still needs to identify an initial node to connect to. I understand that a method for such initial connections is connecting to known DNS seeds, e.g seed.bitcoin.sipa.be. If a malicious actor were to, hypothetically, redirect this "link" to a seed that points to a different network, where, for example, he has 51% majority, could any damage be caused by this ?


texts: Coinbase API: Create bitcoin wallet for app registered users

texts: I am a PHP newbie. I want to develop a web app to store,send,retrieve bitcoins. I need to create wallet for each users. Our idea is to use any online wallet service such as blockchain.info or coinbase. In coinbase it allow us to create multiple account for existing user. Does coinbase allow for automatic creation of users and wallet(when user registers my app) through their api.


texts:
I was playing around with bitcoin and I discovered an address that appears to have a negative balance on the blockchain.

The details of this address are below.  At the time of writing the blockchain states the balance in the account is -0.00199614 BTC.

https://blockchain.info/address/12AKRNHpFhDSBDD9rSn74VAzZSL3774PxQ

Does anyone know how a negative balance is possible?

Details:

Bitcoin Address:
12AKRNHpFhDSBDD9rSn74VAzZSL3774PxQ

Public Key: 04FDF4907810A9F5D9462A1AE09FEEE5AB205D32798B0FFCC379442021F84C5BBFC891EB16B0FAEF4BEF99BA6D522FB85470A20DF730808E583778AA35C7AF98F5

Private Key:
6b86b273ff34fce19d6b804eff5a3f5747ada4eaa22f1d49c01e52ddb7875b4b


texts: What is a likely solution to Bitcoin's energy consumption problem?

texts:
If the price of Bitcoin continues to climb, the total energy consumption of the system will increase proportionally at least until 2020 when block reward halves. It is not unlikely that at this point the price of Bitcoin will have increased so much that energy consumption will be unsustainable in a way that Bitcoin will be opposed by a large proportion of global society (we are still below 1% of total electricity consumption but a 10-fold price increase could change that quickly).

I see the same options that are laid out in this article:

Bitcoin will be abandoned and people just use something else
the protocol is changed to reduce the block reward earlier than 2020
the protocol is changed to exchange Proof-of-Work for something else (maybe Delegated Proof-of-Stake?)

since 2 and 3 will almost certainly result in a fork, they are related to 1. I feel that a solution will have to be found, I'm just wondering if I missed another option and which of the options is most likely.


texts: Colobit LTD looks like Bitpetite! Anyone have any experience with them?

texts:
I signed up with Colobit.biz roughly a month ago. I have a coin base and BitConnect account along with a few others. Colobit was new and thought I'd be the first to sign up and get out before everyone else jumped in.

They are not allowing me to withdraw bitcoin!! Their customer service said it takes 7 days after I request. Funny how when you make a deposit its instant? It is starting to look like a typical ponzie. The site isn't written by someone fluent in English. Also, the 'stats' on the bottom keep increasing in every category except for total withdraws of Bitcoin.

1 week ago they boasted 500 BTC deposited and 51 BTC withdrawn. Now it's 2100 bitcoin deposited and 53 Btc withdrawn!! The money is flooding in. Is ColoBit a Ponzie scheme??


texts: How do I retrieve bitcoins sent to my email address through coinbase.com?

texts: I have sent bitcoins from coinbase to my email address but there on my email I just see an email that I have received BTC from Coinbase. How do I retrieve those bitcoins from my email to transfer them over to another wallet?


texts: What is bitcoin core developers solution to the increasing number of transactions?

texts: I was reading that BitcoinXT is created to increase the blocksize to accommodate increasing transaction volume, but bitcoin core developers were against to it as it make the currency more centralized. But what is bitcoin core developers solution to the increasing transaction volume?


texts: What is the mechanism of determining the transactions of a new block

texts:
I am newbie in the Bitcoin field.

I have read about the transactions, blocks, blockchain and other materials.
As I know, when a new valid block is found and announced by a user, other users start working on the next block. But what is the mechanism of determining the transactions of the next block. I mean which transaction are going to form the new next block? Is that all transaction broadcasted before the announcing of the last valid block?

Thanks in advance!


texts: When a new transaction is received it is added to the memory pool (after checking for conflicts). While mining, only the transactions which are in the pool are considered. What happens to the transactions after they are included in a newly mined block? Are they deleted from the pool? Where is the UTXO stored? Which function handles it?


texts: Does Bitcoin "confirmations" have nothing to do with fullnodes -- only miners?

texts:
Roughly every 10 minutes, a new "block" is created. If Joe sends Sue a satoshi, it will be at least 9 minutes and 59 seconds until they get 1 confirmation (as I understand it). Then, subsequent blocks will increase the number of confirmations in perpetuity, with 6 blocks equating to roughly one hour.
But up until today, I always thought that "confirmations" were simply fullnodes (such as the non-pruned Bitcoin Core I'm running) "confirming" that the transaction took place.
Is this entirely false? If so, what is the point of my fullnode? Does it have any say/power whatsoever? It seems like the miners are the only ones who matter.


texts: How often do forks occur in the block chain? I'm interested in the small, one block forks that happen when two miners create a block at the similar time.


texts: How does one calculate a margin position's liquidation price for Bitfinex and other exchanges?

texts:
I'm learning how margin works and wanted to understand how does liquidation price work in a margin position when using an exchange like Bitfinex? Their requirements is 30% equity.

Let's say I deposited $1000 in USD and purchased $2000 worth of Bitcoin at the price of $1000 each BTC.

I understand that my equity is $1000 which is what I deposited.

What is my liquidation price and how does one calculate it?

And what other factors do I need to know when if I wanted to hold onto this margin position for many months?


texts: I have a random private key (compressed or uncompressed) 5HpHagT65TZzG1QDbnQCzdudnpknN7nA1SLEt4ZcxsH2SV92yqt or KwDiBf89QgGbjEmUcXPRwPuKPFnFECvJkvovGNiyjaujMCrQXy98. How do I convert this private key back to an integer?


texts: Is there any python library could be used to decodescript in output

texts:
For example decode the ScriptPubKey like

4104678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5fac

to some data like this

{
"result": {
    "asm": "04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f OP_CHECKSIG",
    "reqSigs": 1,
    "type": "pubkey",
    "addresses": [
        "1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa"
    ],
    "p2sh": "3DjjKyU38gSfuVxajV43MUy4vHkg1JVL7T"
},
"error": null,
"id": null
}

In general, something like the function in decodescript rpc.
http://chainquery.com/bitcoin-api/decodescript


texts: Can you add value to a Casascius physical coin?

texts: The firstbits address on the front of the coin (once fully resolved from blockexplorer) is just like any other address right? I can buy a 1 BTC Casascius physical coin, copy the address, bury that coin in my backyard, and use regular transactions to keep increasing its value?


texts: What is the minimum investment for Bitcoin?

texts: I'm interested in how much money do I have to invest if I want to buy Bitcoins? Is there any minimum?


texts: If I sent Bitcoins to family in Europe, would they be able to convert it to physical cash?

texts: I am interested in buying bitcoins to easily and quickly send money to family in Bulgaria. Would they have to convert it to euros and only be able to make online purchases? Or is there some way they could get physical cash from converting their bitcoins?


texts: What stops miners/nodes lying about what time a block was mined?

texts:
From what I understand, the difficulty required by the proof-of-work in bitcoin is a function of block history, specifically the average time between last ~2000 blocks, with the intention that its hovers around the 10 minute mark.

The function relies on the timestamp of when the block was created. It occurs to me that when nodes are calculating blocks, they have an incentive to overstate the timestamp (because the difficulty would then be recalculated to allow for quicker mining of new blocks, which would lead to a higher rate at which that node receives rewarded bitcoins).

The protocol states nodes should reject blocks that have timestamps that look invalid (e.g. too far into the future), but again it relies on nodes being honest.

In short, what is the incentive for miners to not overstate timestamps? Am I right in thinking that if a majority of miners/nodes colluded in overstating + not rejecting invalid timestamps, then the entire bitcoin network would start generating bitcoins faster?

Note: It occurs to me that as the total pool of bitcoins increases + rate of reward halves every 4 years, this 'speeding up' of the bitcoin block generation has less and less impact.


texts: Namecoin: This transaction requires a transaction fee...But I have NMC

texts:
When I am attempting to reserve a name using the command:

namecoind.exe name_new d/

I keep getting this error...
error: {"code":-4,"message":"Error: This transaction requires a transaction fee of at least 0.005 because of its amount, complexity, or use of recently received funds "}

However, I have more than .005 in my namecoin wallet, that I am attempting to register from. I have .01 in fact.

What is going on here?


texts: Is there an oveview of organizations support of segwit/segwit2X?

texts: I'm trying to get an overview of what parts of the ecosystem that support what, preferably by economic activity. Is there any good lists or overviews?


texts: BTC Purchase - How To Invest For Capital Growth

texts: I joined coinbase, do I trade, or do I just leave the BTC in my coinbase wallet, if the market price go's up, nothing for me to do, just hold the coin in my wallet and BTC go's up in price, my BTC in my wallet increases as well?


texts: Is it secure to generate a new address using SBC such as raspberry pi? any problem with TRNG?

texts:
I am trying to create a cold wallet using SBC such as raspberry pi (not raspberry pi).
I wonder if the random generator is secure enough to generate random wallet address, for both BTC and ETH.
I heard there were fatal flaw in Android random number generator before. Is it possible that SBC can have the same issue?


texts: How to get public and private keys by giving seed explicitly?

texts: I am using bitcore to generate the public and private keys. I am using 'getnewaddress' method to generate a public address and dumpprivkey to generate a private key. When I am calling the getnewaddress method it automatically generating a new public address. I want to explicitly send a seed to generate a new address. Could anyone tell me how to do that?


texts:
Got a little issue when compiling Windows QT using Gitian. BTW Im using a Ubuntu 12.04 64bit VPS.

So I am using the instructions here : https://cryptocointalk.com/topic/2966-bitcoin-scrypt-v120-source-code-and-compile-instructions-for-linux-windows-and-mac/?p=25594

Everything works pretty much fine until step 20 (sudo bin/gbuild ../bitcoin/contrib/gitian-descriptors/qt-win32.yml)

When I get this error :

********* WARNING: kvm not loaded, this will probably not work out

--- Building for lucid i386 ---
Stopping target if it is up
Making a new image copy
qemu-img: Could not open 'base-lucid-i386.qcow2'
bin/gbuild:21:in system!': failed to run make-clean-vm --suite lucid --arch i386 (RuntimeError)
        from bin/gbuild:57:inbuild_one_configuration'
        from bin/gbuild:235
        from bin/gbuild:230:in each'
        from bin/gbuild:230
        from bin/gbuild:228:ineach'
        from bin/gbuild:228

What am I doing wrong ?

BTW step two did not go so well either : ls -l /dev/kvm did not return anything but I suspect it wasn't anything too important and other steps worked fine until this.


texts: How to build Bitcoin Core Linux tarball from sources

texts:
I'm trying to build the same tarball you can download from the website, containing the following filetree:

$ ls -R ../../bitcoin-0.15.0/
../../bitcoin-0.15.0/:
bin  include  lib  share

../../bitcoin-0.15.0/bin:
bitcoin-cli  bitcoind  bitcoin-qt  bitcoin-tx  test_bitcoin

../../bitcoin-0.15.0/include:
bitcoinconsensus.h

../../bitcoin-0.15.0/lib:
libbitcoinconsensus.so  libbitcoinconsensus.so.0  libbitcoinconsensus.so.0.0.0

../../bitcoin-0.15.0/share:
man

../../bitcoin-0.15.0/share/man:
man1

../../bitcoin-0.15.0/share/man/man1:
bitcoin-cli.1  bitcoind.1  bitcoin-qt.1  bitcoin-tx.1

I'm using the 'prefix' configure to put the binaries into a specific folder

./configure --prefix=/home/ff/bitcoin-build

Now, the content I get inside the target directory is almost the same (there are some files more). However,when I try to copy and run it inside a container it gives me an error (which is not the case with the original tarball).

So, my question is: how do I build the sources in order to produce the same tarball you get from the website?


texts:
been waiting 8 days for this transaction because Bitcoincore couldn't be arsed working out the network fees.  Not a big transaction, but has caused a lot of grief because recipient now thinks I'm dishonest, even though I sent again from an online wallet which went through !!

if anyone can help the transaction ID is
7fb10192748c0cea3d441a98789086d9905c6d83de11bc19b716b4be6ade5c04

I don't even mind if it is confirmed and sent to original vendor as, at least, my reputation will be restored

Thanks in advance


texts: Since transaction fees are based on the "size" in bytes of the transaction, why is it cheaper use "sendmany" rather than just making several?

texts: Since transaction fees are based on the "size" in bytes of the transaction, why is it cheaper use a "sendmany" transaction rather than just making several/many separate "normal" transactions? I don't understand where the "overhead" lies that makes it so much cheaper to "bundle together" transactions like this.


texts: IoT to Hyperledger Fabric, and Tracing / Certifying data

texts:
I'm thinking about IoT and Blockchain to certifying data.

My blockchain is not public, and it has 3 nodes. I use Hyperledger

So, I have a sensor, that is a light blockchain client, not powerful enough to be a full node. I want to send data to a Blockchain, but I have several issues.

My IoT object should not have Internet, so maybe I should send it to a local gateway connected to internet, and then send the data to the blockchain.

If my IoT object has internet, I would hide my Blockchain behing an API so that Blockchain is not publicly available like any other private DB.

My question about tracability / certification is about code I use:

To extract data from sensor
To code an API that would write into the BC
All the smart contracts

I can certify that the ledger has not been altered by the administrator of my company, but how can I certify that my admin has not altered code listed on those 3 points ?

If I can't guaranty that code has not been altered, how should I certify my data ?


texts: getting public key from any raw transaction - what to take care of?

texts:
i need to retrieve public key of transaction sender.

now i know there are 03 compressed pubkeys and 04 uncompressed ones.

but how is this working with segwit and multisig addresses?

can you please point me to what possible combinations there could be, so i am ready for any possible trnasaction to always get the right key?

thanks a lot!


texts:
This question gets asked frequently on reddit, and I think it would be beneficial to have a canonical answer here:

Is SegWit a blocksize increase or more efficient use of blockspace?


texts: I sent some (worth around 1000usd) bitcoins to one of my wallets and doesn't remember which wallet it was. Now I'm checking wallet and seeing balance is still there. Can somebody tell me how do I see wallet information using wallet address (3CGphwQHf5QvK6dMrLcLQvQNCuBsc85T5k) or wallet name(1fac700f695d9d63).


texts:
As per this post bitcoin nodes do not maintain an index from addresses to TxIDs and hence querying for the unspent tokens by addresses essentially involves traversing the entire UTXO set.

However, the blockchain explorers enable search by addresses not just on the unspent outputs but on the entire blockchain. They list all the transactions that involve an address. I have the following questions:

How do the block explorers do the search by addresses -- do they search the entire blockchain at query time, which is very inefficient, or do they maintain some sort of index which they update iteratively?
If they maintain an index, it looks like the index will be pretty huge since it will always keep on growing. So how big is the index currently?
Also, can the blockchain nodes currently do such a search (of course efficiently)?


texts: Homework problem on Blockchain and Merkle trees

texts:
This is a question from a stanford course(http://cs251crypto.stanford.edu/18au-cs251/hw/hw1.pdf).

I think that Alice needs to send all the k blocks (containing the transactions) to Bob so that Bob can hash them one by one to ensure that next block is in chain. As the block Bob has, contains last transaction's hash, he can verify with that. But in that case, he can simply see the transaction, and merkle tree don't come into picture, so k data is not used and size of 1 block is also not provided in question. Am I missing something. Also, Alice can send the Merkle proof (the log(n) number of extra hashes along with hash of the transaction) to prove that the transaction is present in a block (comparing the net hash with Merkle root). But, the problem is that Bob contains only current block header, but the original transaction is in the chain n blocks back. Now if Alice provides only the header, bob can't know that they are not edited. Is there any other way, he can send some information which will ensure that Alice has not tampered with the info?


texts: Single-hop Payment vs Multi-hop payments

texts:
I am beginner of lightning network. When i am looking roughly lightning network whitepaper, i was confused about the types of contracts used in single-hop and multi-hop.

As far as I understand, In single-hop(Bidirectional Payment channel) case, it use revocation key concept, and there is no HTLC. And In multi-hop case, it use HTLC concept.

But When I read the example in chapter 4 of the white paper(Example about Alice and Bob), i was confused fact that 'is single-hop case use HTLC?'

Anyone can explain this?

Thank you!


texts: What steps do I have to take to buy/sell bitcoins? What's the minimum amount of bitcoins that I can buy, and how much will I pay for transaction in a buy/sell operation?


texts: What is the age of the oldest known Bitcoin core developer?

texts:
I am trying to compile some demographic data on who has contributed to Bitcoin so far and track how the demographics are changing over time.

Since GitHut does not show me demographic data I have attempted to use Google with limited success.

What is the age of the oldest known Bitcoin person to submit a pull request to Bitcoin core? I asked the same question about the youngest person the other day and the answers were helpful to me.

Eventually I want to try to compare the mean and median ages (and sex) of users and developers and track the changing demographic trends of each group.


texts: Personal details disclosure when buying bitcoin

texts:
What personal information do you have to provide to buy bitcoins in the UK via a bank transfer?

I recently created a wallet on bitbargain.co.uk with the intention of buying my first bitcoins. I verified my phone number and entered my address details, however after this the website asked me to upload a photo of my passport or drivers license, a photo of me with my passport or drivers license, and a copy of a bank statement or utility bill with my address on it.

Is it usual for a website to ask for this information to buy bitcoins? Are there any other sites where you buy bitcoins via a UK bank transfer or credit card payment without having to disclose this information?


texts:
I have installed my MultiBit wallet and there is red "connecting" sign in left bottom corner. Wallet never connects. When I try it from another place (my friends house) everything is ok.

It is obvious that its network problem in my place. I have public IP and port 8333 is properly forwarded. I am using Mac OS X 10.8.5.

I have no idea what else to try or where to look for some error messages. Do you have any ideas what else to try or where to look for some clues?


texts:
A largely abstract question (set) I've tried to answer for awhile is the nature of a TxID (32 byte hex Transaction ID hash).

First and foremost, I certainly understand the main function if this value(?) is to uniquely identify a Transaction (primarily to tracks unspent outputs, AKA UTXOs).

But let's take a random TxID, say e151de4f5a339ed545e24ecfc8f811f9143fefc10574af40721a156ff2d3a389.

How is a TxID assigned to a Transaction?
Are 2 identical Txs that: double spend, have identical k PRNG-signed (so not a RNG!) sigs, identical inputs/outputs (a lot of assumptions here) given identical hashes?
Tangentially: are the Big/Little Endian expressions of TxIDs (by BCI and bitcoincore respectively) suggesting two different usages (ie TxIDs are values in one sense but akin to URIs in another: is this normal?)

I know the questions seem somewhat disparate but I think the best summation is what exactly are TxIDs?


texts: Is my profit calculation for Genesis mining correct?

texts:
The Diamond plan for Litecoin mining promises 200 MH/s for $2400 for 2 years. From the profilatbility calculator, it comes out as $555 per month profit without electricity charges(which wont be there for cloud mining). So it would come out as $13320 for 24 months which is the contract lifetime.
So the profit would be $10920 which seems too good to be true.

I have also heard numerous reports that you dont actually make much profit with Genesis mining. What am I missing here?
I know my calculation is wrong. Can anyone help me understand what else needs to be taken into account here?


texts: The getbalance command shows an empty balance

texts:
I sent bitcoins to an address and blockcypher says the transaction is done but as I try to learn the balance using  bitcoin-cli -testnet getbalance <address>, the address hasn't received yet. So why can't the address receive bitcoins even now?

I really don't know why I can't get bitcoins.

Obviously, as blockcypher says I sent some bitcoins to the address from other my address and blockcypher says that the transactions were confirmed.


texts: Is it possible to get the public key of a bitcoin address I do not have the private keys for with the standard client?

texts:
It is possible to get it from here:
https://blockchain.info/de/q/pubkeyaddr
https://blockchain.info/q

Is it possible with the standard client? How?

I am aware that the blockchain only contains the pubkey after a tx from that address.


texts:
So I was reading this discussion today and came across this concept:

  Monero, Litecoin, Ethereum ... will be Bitcoin sidechains before long, and
  as there's no additional value to having standalone blockchains, the
  sidechain implementations will naturally persevere and prosper due to
  the network effect.

I vaguely grasp the idea of implementing a sidechain. I don't grasp how an entirely different blockchain, such as Ethereum, could possibly be implemented as a Bitcoin sidechain. Is this a real thing that could happen? How?


texts: Securely encrypting a cold storage wallet

texts:
I'm going to buy bitcoin to exchange BRL to CAD currency, as it's gonna be a great amount I'm concerned about the security of my wallet. I don't want to use a physical backup like paper or device because I don't trust myself to not lose or burn anything.

By my study so far the best option is to generate a wallet in an offline and secure device and to encrypt the private key before to do a backup.

Does someone suggest me an App or strategy to do this?

Portuguese version
Eu tenho uma dúvida! Pretendo comprar bitcoins como forma de transferência para o exterior, como é uma grande quantidade estou preocupado com a segurança da minha wallet. Não pretendo fazer um backup em papel ou num dispositivo físico pq não confio muito em mim mesmo pra não perder ou queimar alguma coisa.

Pelo que estudei até então a melhor opção é gerar uma carteira num dispositivo seguro e offline e criptografar a chave privada antes de fazer um backup. Alguém me sugere algum App, ou bons jeitos de fazer isso?


texts: What vulnerabilities have been found in Bitcoin Core using fuzzing?

texts: Is there a list of vulnerabilities that have been found in Bitcoin Core using fuzz testing?


texts: How do they put several bitcoins into a block?

texts: I recently read that there is an auction to sell almost 24,000 bitcoins, and that they have put them in blocks, each containing 2000 coins. What does that mean to put 2000 BTCs in a block? Can somebody clarify please?


texts:
I'm unsure how Proof of Stake prevents double spending.
In PoW it's evident that I need 51% of the hashing power of the network, to "overtake" the real chain with my fraudulent fork. But what stops me in Proof of Stake to:

Save the current chain as is.
Send 1 coin to Bob
Go offline and add blocks to my backed up chain, excluding my prior transactions, and wait until it's larger than the real blockchain
Go online and broadcast the fraudulent fork.

Does the rest of the network have a way to see that I cheated by adding my own blocks? In PoW they could check the hash, but they can't here. I of course wouldn't get any fees or rewards for the "fake" blocks, but I would still get my money back, that I send to Bob.

Hope someone can clarify why this is not possible, and how the network can spot that I wasn't selected to add those blocks.


texts: Is there a simple-to-use Windows-10 client for Lightning Network?

texts:
I'm having trouble finding a Windows 10 client for Lightning Network which is simple to use and which can be installed without needing to learn a lot about the underlying technical concepts.
Is there any reason why such an application program is not possible?


texts: I have been looking into the feasibility of creating an app that mines cryptos. I have been searching iTunes for similar apps but none have come up where the miner is part of the app. Does anyone know if Apple allows mining from app? i.e would an app that does mining have even the slightest chance at being approved?


texts: Is it fraud? Would banks ask for fees through bitcoin?

texts: So a man came to me on Instagram saying that he wanted to buy old money specifically from Hong Kong for a museum in Philadelphia, and that he would pay me good money for my old coins and bills, then he said he transferred the money through Bank of America but the money would only transfer into my Hong Kong bank account if I pay a verification fee to his bank through bitcoin atm with a QR code he gave me, he said the QR code belonged to the bank but I couldn’t check, it was very fishy so I started agitating him to test him and he sent this CERTIFICATION that he claims is from Bank of America. He also kept rushing the process And his English was strange and he never really answered my questions directly, he called the fees clearance fees, activation fees and verification fee on different occasions and now I’m so confused. I don’t use Bitcoin so I have no idea is this fraud or not. Please help!


texts: calculate fees for shorting Bitcoin on exchanges

texts:
I have a calculator for calculating trade fees for Bitcoin on exchanges (http://tradeli.st)

However I get asked a lot to add "shorting".

Basically, for a "long" position. I do this:

BUY 1 BTC @ $100 USD
SELL .996 BTC @ $200 USD //buy fee is subtraced from sell amount

Then I take another .6% out of the sell trade to get total fees (1.2%).
This all works fine and well.

But for shorting, (i'm not familiar with fee calculating on a short).
The order is reversed:

SELL 1 BTC @ $200 USD //this is what user will enter to start
BUY ? BTC @ $100 USD

The user enters "SELL 1 BTC @ $200". How should I be subtracting the fees on a short?


texts: Why does electrum need connection to server when recovering a wallet from a seed?

texts: Why does electrum client need connection to server when recovering a wallet from a seed? Isn't the generation of private keys done locally?


texts: Could blockchain technology be used to implement a verifiable voting system?

texts:
From an efficiency point of view, voting at elections online seems to make a lot of sense except that there is currently no way to have a completely trustable electronic voting system because of the lack of the ability to verify it, e.g. source code, transactions matching input, etc.

Blockchains seem like they could provide this function, but I've probably missed details – what are they?

Remember, this is in the context of national voting system where nations stick to paper based voting because they have no other way to verify and audit the accuracy of the vote.


texts: Is a timestamp in bitcoin different than just the "stamp of time"?

texts:
In the "References" section of Bitcoin's whitepaper, Satoshi Nakamoto points to three papers that serve as inspiration for digital timestamping.
When you read those documents it is clear that timestamping is not just a stamp of time, but "the hashed value of [data + timestamp]".
That said, in Bitcoin, is the timestamp the hashed value of the block header vs. the just time in the blockheader?
Or, am I totally off base?


texts: Sent btc to unknown address. Btc remains unspent

texts: I have sent BTC to an unknown address. The BTC shows up as "unspent" on a blockchain explorer. How can I locate or retrieve the BTC?


texts:
Is there a manual for Bitcoin-Qt on the Mac OS X?

Specifically, I'd like to move my wallet.dat to a different folder (a TrueCrypt volume) and if/how I may configure bitcoin.conf so that the software autopoints to that folder upon launch. Is it possible to have wallet.dat in one directory and the blockchain files in a separate directory?

Secondarily, I'd like to learn about all possible configuration settings - both from the shell prompt as well as from bitcoin.conf. Can bitcoin.conf contain just one or two lines for desired configuration settings?


texts: Apart from the official bitcoin client what other clients are there?

texts: Apart from the official client found at the bitcoin.org site what is the list of alternative bitcoin clients? And what OS do they work on?


texts: Can an attacker make it impossible to reclaim disk space

texts:
As I understand it, without implementing disk-space-reclamation as laid out in Satoshi's paper the system will not scale because the blockchain contains a history of every transaction.  Bitcoin has been going a few years at below 1 tps and the blockchain is already over 6GB.  At 4000 tps it will be unmanageable.

Again, as I understand it, you can only remove a transaction from the blockchain if both its outputs have been fed into new transactions, and they are buried deep enough in the blockchain.

If I were to split a single bitcoin into 100,000,000 smaller bitcoins and save them for eternity in my "piggy bank" wallets, would that force all miners to save at least that much data for eternity?

In fact, what about the case where a large number of people - without any malice - choose not to spend small amounts of money for a long time.  Would this not also break disk space reclamation?  Has this been modelled?

Thanks!


texts: Bitcoin fees as of 2017-10 range from $3-$10 to send. How is this going to be sustainable with an increasing price?

texts: Sending anything less than $10 is not feasible if the bitcoin fees are greater than $3. As the Bitcoin price increases to say $10,000. The fees would be much higher. And since fees cannot be lowered below .0001, how is that going to scale bitcoin in the future with an ever increasing price?


texts:
I have tried to installed dash insight ui & api in my local machine (ubuntu OS) and it is completed all the steps but I m facing issue while start services in frontground.

Let me share with you command, config file.

https://www.npmjs.com/package/bitcore-dash

But getting below error in my terminal:

    [2018-02-09T04:18:18.022Z] info: Using config: /home/dashcore/.bitcore/bitcore-node-dash.json
[2018-02-09T04:18:18.024Z] info: Using network: testnet
[2018-02-09T04:18:18.026Z] info: Starting bitcoind
[2018-02-09T04:18:18.028Z] info: Using bitcoin config file: /home/dashcore/.bitcore/data/dash.conf
[2018-02-09T04:18:18.030Z] info: Starting dash process
dashd: zmq/zmqpublishnotifier.cpp:101: virtual void CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier::Shutdown(): Assertion psocket' failed.
[2018-02-09T04:18:18.245Z] warn: Dash process unexpectedly exited with code: null
[2018-02-09T04:18:18.246Z] warn: Restarting dash child process in 5000ms
[2018-02-09T04:18:23.247Z] info: Using bitcoin config file: /home/dashcore/.bitcore/data/dash.conf
[2018-02-09T04:18:23.248Z] info: Starting dash process
dashd: zmq/zmqpublishnotifier.cpp:101: virtual void CZMQAbstractPublishNotifier::Shutdown(): Assertionpsocket' failed.
[2018-02-09T04:18:23.481Z] warn: Dash process unexpectedly exited with code: null
Warning: Failed to create backup, file already exists! This could happen if you restarted wallet in less than 60 seconds. You can continue if you are ok with this.

MY Config File  (bitcore-node-dash.json)

    {
  "network": "testnet",
  "port": 3006,
  "services": [
    "bitcoind",
    "web"
  ],
  "servicesConfig": {
    "bitcoind": {
      "spawn": {
        "datadir": "/home/dashcore/.bitcore/data",
        "exec": "/home/dashcore/.bitcore/data/dashd"
      }
    }
  }
}

Dash Config  (dash.conf)

server=1
whitelist=127.0.0.1
txindex=1
addressindex=1
timestampindex=1
spentindex=1
zmqpubrawtx=tcp://MyIPAddress:28332
zmqpubrawtxlock=tcp://MyIPAddress:28332
zmqpubhashblock=tcp://MyIPAddress:28332
rpcallowip=127.0.0.1
rpcuser=dash
rpcpassword=local321
uacomment=bitcore

Can you please help me with it? What is wrong in which step?


texts: I understand that I can use Bitcoin anonymously using Bitcoin Core with Tor running a full node or with Electrum using Tor running an SPV node, why should I also use a Bitcoin Mixer?


texts: Which exchanges offer stop-loss functionality?

texts: In case of a sudden price drop, I want to sell my coins automatically. MtGox doesn't have an option for this, which exchanges do?


texts: Why does it take a different time to generate a different pattern of the same length in vanitygen?

texts: I've been looking at generating some vanity addresses today, and I found it surprising that the program generating the address predicts that it will take a different amount of tries to compute a vanity address of the same length, but with a different pattern. For example, generating "11..." takes 256 tries, while "12..." takes 23. Shouldn't it takes the same amount of tries to generate both of them, or am I missing some important detail?


texts: I have my public key and my recovery passphrase. How do I get my private key to that address

texts: Hi I have my public address and my recovery phrase how do I create my private key for the public Bitcoin address.


texts: Inflatory and deflatory economy comparison

texts: Does anyone know of any good book/paper/article comparing the inflatory and deflatory economies? I would like to know if there are any scientific publications on the matter that are approachable to non-economists (I`m a computer science student). I need it as a source for background information for my master thesis.


texts: I want an OS which can be easily disconnected from all hard drives (just uses USB) and can be booted from usb stick, also secure enough and disconnected from internet by default (or something I can easily disconnect from Internet forever).


texts: Why are AntMiners' firmware closed-source / non-GPL? What does Bitmain have to lose by making the source open?


texts: Electrum seems very user friendly, thin and convenient, but is it cryptographically secure?  One of the ways to attack any cryptographic system is to exploit weaknesses in the key generation algorithm.  Electrum uses a deterministic algorithm based on a pseudo-random seed to derive the public and private keys.  Is this a cryptographically secure way of generating keys?


texts: Generating paper wallet offline with liteaddress GitHub download

texts: After extracting all the files from the .zip file available at GitHub, which of the files do I need to open from the download in order to generate keys offline. Is it the bitaddress.org html file? Should I open it with my browser?


texts:
Is there a place where I can bet on the price of Brent crude oil? For example, I bet 1 BTC and:

if the oil price increases by 1%, I will lose the bet.
if the oil price decreases by 1%, I will double my bet.

I am Russian and need a kind of insurance against the rouble falling. This bet will be a much cheaper solution than changing a lot of money into dollars or bitcoins.


texts: What is the average time for an honest network to find a block when its hash rate is p?

texts:
let p be the hash rate that belongs to honest network and T be the time a block is found. In the Bitcoin paper it's said "assuming the honest blocks took the average expected time per block...". In another paper it's said this average time is T/p.

Question: What is the average time for an honest network to find a block?

If it's T/p, why?

I think,

if p+q=1, where q is an attacker's hash rate and a block is found with the full hash rate: H, in T time. Then for an honest network, it would take, pT (not T/p).

Am I missing something?


texts: Why Full Node stores whole blockchain instead of only the UTXO set?

texts:
So I have started learning bitcoin recently (from Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency course @ Coursera). And I just learnt that there are "Full-Validating Note" out there that are:

Permanently connected
Store the whole blockchain
Hear and forward every node/trans

My question is why the Full Nodes need to store the whole blockchain instead of just saving UTXO set? If I understand correctly, only having UTXO is already sufficient to prevent double spending.


texts:
Is ViaBTC the only public Bitcoin Cash pool?
I have spent hours in searching but could not find another one.

As the price of Bitcoin Cash surges, a lot of people want to mine it.

Thank you in advance for your answers!


texts: Timer-based consensus algorithm in blockchain

texts:
Assume that there is an algorithm that ensures:
1- That a full node chooses an honest random wait time.
2- That the same node has waited the specified amount of time before proceeding to mine a block.

Would there be any need for mining using PoW and Why?
Note that I said an algorithm and not a central entity like  Intel Software Guard Extensions (SGX).


texts: How to confirm my node is on the network?

texts:
I wanted to verify that my node is on the bitcoin network. For this I used the 'getnetworkinfo' command on my bitcoincore console and was able to optain my node's IP address. This is: 2001:0:9d38:6abd:18e2:3f37:8f79:532e
I then entered this address and port (8333) into https://bitnodes.earn.com and my node checked out.
However my node does not display, when I look at the map of live nodes at: https://bitnodes.earn.com/nodes/live-map/

Can someone tell me why my node is not appearing on the live map?


texts: Stealth addresses how does recipient use the bitcoins?

texts:
I've been reading on what stealth addresses does:

Sender generates unique address using the recipient's stealth address for every transaction
If multiple senders send bitcoin to recipient, then blockchain sees sender's addresses going to different random looking addresses

My question is: How does the recipient use the bitcoin he receives? In the recipient wallet, does he have a list of those generated address (made by the sender)? How would he then use those bitcoin without revealing transaction linkability?


texts: My lightning node is unreachable and lightning-rpc': Connection refused

texts:
I'm trying to use c-lightning on my raspberry.
When start the lightning daemon I get two errors:
the first one is:

    2020-06-05T17:02:08.784Z DEBUG connectd: Failed to connect 10 socket: Network is unreachable
...
 gossipd: seeker: no peers, waiting

My .lightning/config is:

alias=LIGHTNING_NODE_ROCK
rgb=DDFF06
addr=:9735
log-level=debug
network=testnet
bitcoin-cli=/usr/local/bin/bitcoin-cli
bitcoin-datadir=/home/bitcoin/.bitcoin
log-prefix=raspi-lightning
ignore-fee-limits=true
fee-base=10
bitcoin-rpcuser=user
bitcoin-rpcpassword=userpass
bitcoin-rpcconnect=127.0.0.1
bitcoin-rpcport=18332

my bitcoin.conf is:

testnet=1
[test]
rpcuser=user
rpcpassword=userpass
rpcport=18332
rpcconnect=127.0.0.1

telnet works on my public ip and 9735

I tried to connect to someone like:

bitcoin@raspberrypi:~ $ ln-cli connect 03ad4870c7a9dd0b429958cf9659b1330afbe33df8207cd1c882798cdad1dfb039@5.95.80.47:9737
{
   "code": 401,
   "message": "5.95.80.47:9737: Connection establishment: Connection timed out. "
}

the second problem is:

2020-06-05T17:02:08.864Z UNUSUAL plugin-bcli: Could not connect to 'lightning-rpc': Connection refused
2020-06-05T17:02:08.865Z INFO plugin-bcli: bitcoin-cli initialized and connected to bitcoind.

My Info is:

bitcoin@raspberrypi:/mnt/hdd/bitcoin $ ln-cli getinfo
{
   "id": "0310e9f97def619a7ee02b321cf2fad4f67b59f2c6bd12456dc8d6d8be125e1b14",
   "alias": "LIGHTNING_NODE_ROCK",
   "color": "ddff06",
   "num_peers": 0,
   "num_pending_channels": 0,
   "num_active_channels": 0,
   "num_inactive_channels": 0,
   "address": [],
   "binding": [
      {
         "type": "ipv6",
         "address": "::",
         "port": 9735
      },
      {
         "type": "ipv4",
         "address": "0.0.0.0",
         "port": 9735
      }
   ],
   "version": "v0.8.2-198-g0f568e1",
   "blockheight": 1747789,
   "network": "testnet",
   "msatoshi_fees_collected": 0,
   "fees_collected_msat": "0msat",
   "lightning-dir": "/home/bitcoin/.lightning/testnet"
}

My testnet is fully sync and I'm able to use rpc calls form my bitcoin-cli

bitcoin@raspberrypi:/mnt/hdd/bitcoin $ bitcoin-cli echo hello world
[
  "hello",
  "world"
]

I don't have any firewall


texts: How do you create a wallet with MultiBit?

texts:
I just downloaded MultiBit for Windows and I am trying to create a wallet. When I click that, nothing happens.  It just says "connecting" on the bottom left status bar. No wallets are seen.

Well, I did that (clicked "create wallet") and nothing happened.  The wallet file shows up in the correct spot on my desktop (the .wallet file I mean...) but nothing show up in the wallet column on the app itself.

Perhaps my firewall is blocking something?  on the bottom left it does not say "connected".


texts: API for top bitcoin addresses sorted by available balance

texts: Is there any API from where I can get the list of top bitcoin addresses sorted by available balance? I know there are many websites out there listing Bitcoin rich list but I need an API.


texts:
This question is linked to this one. I try to understand the bitcoin block by exploring and viewing every piece of information, since the blockchain is public and shared.

When the sender transacts some bitcoins to the recipient, he technically transact previous transactions. So in a transaction, it is possible to find successively all previous transactions. Where can we find this piece of information? (I remembered that I already saw this information on a website, I thought that was https://blockchain.info.)


texts: blockcypher shows much higher amount transacted

texts:
I sent bitcoin from my localbitcoins.com account to my coinbase.com account. It showed up as 0.00147276 BTC in coinbase but the transaction shows as 0.953 BTC on blockcypher:

Is there a way for me to actually receive that amount?
Thanks


texts: won't show my balance by "getbalance myaddress" but show balance by "getbalance". what is the reason?

texts:
i send btc in my-server created btc address.

which is created by "getnewaddress".

get the payment also and it's shown by "getbalance".

but i want to see the balance by "getbalance myaddress".

it's not showing. what is the reason?
 you anyone help me about it?
how a account will associated server created btc address?


texts: Is "fee higher than block reward" attack possible?

texts:
Imagine the following scenario:

I send you 1000 BTC.
After 6 confirmations, you give me what I bought.
I create another transaction with 900 BTC to my own wallet and 100 BTC as transaction fee, using the same input as the previous transaction. (double spend)
The mining pools find that 100 BTC is higher than 6 block rewards which is 12.5 * 6 = 75 BTC, so they start to mine on the last block which doesn't contain my first transaction.
Those 6 confirmations are orphaned and the pools earned more money.
My double spending succeeded.

I know that this mining strategy is not implemented in most pools today, but nothing is preventing pools from doing this in the future.

100 BTC is a large amount of money. But after many years the block reward will be very low, so this attack may not require so much money to perform in the future.

I googled and didn't find any related questions.

I want to know whether this kind of attack is possible in practice and what we can do to prevent this.


texts: No addresses returned by getnodeaddresses RPC call

texts:
The issue

I am attempting to use the getnodeaddresses RPC call to return all addresses known by a node in a docker network. I'm using the regtest environment. The RPC call returns an empty array although nodes have been added on the referent node using the add RPC call.

Expected behavior

The getnodeaddresses RPC call should return nodes added via the add RPC call.

Actual behavior

No addresses are returned, i.e., an empty array is returned:

bitcoin-cli -regtest --datadir=/root/.bitcoin/ getnodeaddresses 5
[
]

Reproduction

Setup a regtest network of 11 nodes. No mining has been done, and the ~/.bitcoin folder contains only bitcoin.conf with the following content:

[regtest]
regtest=1
server=1
rpcport=8332
port=8333

Connect to the referent node and run the command:
bitcoin-cli -regtest --datadir=/root/.bitcoin/ addnode "$p:8333" add where p is the other node address  for every node the referent node wants to add.

Run the commands on the referent node:

bibitcoin-cli -regtest --datadir=/root/.bitcoin/ getconnectioncount
10

bibitcoin-cli -regtest --datadir=/root/.bitcoin/ getpeerinfo

[
  {
    "id": 2,
    "addr": "10.0.0.3:53378",
     # Cut out part of response
{
    "id": 11,
    "addr": "10.0.0.4:36236",
    "addrbind": "10.0.0.2:8333",
    "services": "000000000000040d",
    "relaytxes": true,
    "lastsend": 1569835448,
    "lastrecv": 1569835448,
    "bytessent": 464,
    "bytesrecv": 488,
    "conntime": 1569835207,
    "timeoffset": 0,
    "pingtime": 0.001063,
    "minping": 0.000456,
    "version": 70015,
    "subver": "/Satoshi:0.18.0/",
    "inbound": true,
    "addnode": false,
    "startingheight": 303,
    "banscore": 0,
    "synced_headers": -1,
    "synced_blocks": -1,
    "inflight": [
    ],
    "whitelisted": false,
    "minfeefilter": 0.00001000,
    "bytessent_per_msg": {
      "feefilter": 32,
      "ping": 96,
      "pong": 96,
      "sendcmpct": 66,
      "sendheaders": 24,
      "verack": 24,
      "version": 126
    },
    "bytesrecv_per_msg": {
      "feefilter": 32,
      "getaddr": 24,
      "ping": 96,
      "pong": 96,
      "sendcmpct": 66,
      "sendheaders": 24,
      "verack": 24,
      "version": 126
    }
  }
]

bitcoin-cli -regtest --datadir=/root/.bitcoin getnodeaddresses 5
[
]

Bitcoin core version

bitcoin-cli -version
Bitcoin Core RPC client version v0.18.0.0-g2472733a24a9364e4c6233ccd04166a26a68cc65
bitcoind -version
Bitcoin Core Daemon version v0.18.0.0-g2472733a24a9364e4c6233ccd04166a26a68cc65

Installed via the repository ppa:bitcoin/bitcoin

OS

Docker container info:

lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release:    18.04
Codename:   bionic

Host info:

lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS
Release:    18.04
Codename:   bionic

cat /proc/cpuinfo  | grep 'name'| uniq
model name  : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4600M CPU @ 2.90GHz

1 TB SSD disk


texts: Need help recovering lost bitcoins from a crashed computer's wallet file

texts: Hi so a few years back I purchased 25 bitcoins, after I purchased them I placed them in a wallet, my computer crashed and I got a new one forgetting about the bitcoins, now seeing the high price for the coins I want to know if there is any way to recover them or if they are lost forever.


texts: How to estimate optimal fees for transaction in bitcoind?

texts: As I understand, with the network congestion it's sometimes advisable to set a higher fee to process a transaction within a block or two. Is there some way to estimate the optimal fee through calls to bitcoind? I know there are some online services that do those estimations, but I'd rather not rely on such external factors.


texts: I want to connect to a local node that I have set up in regtest mode using bitcoind. The node I am connection from is non bitcoind and I need to set the port that I want the peer discovery to take place from. What parameters do I need to set in my bitcoin.conf for bitcoind?


texts: How can I analyze the test coverage of the Bitcoin Core codebase?

texts: I have heard writing tests is a good starting point for contributing to Bitcoin Core. How do I work out which parts or specific lines of the codebase need additional test coverage?


texts: Could a Multi-Chain Bitcoin Help the issue of Scaling?

texts:
This question falls under the heading of "shower thoughts" that are Generally discouraged in the bitcoin-dev list.
I hope this is the right forum.
I have been running my full node for a few weeks now and have been watching the number of transactions in the memory pool hover around 90K. I'm thinking this is only going to grow and yet we seem to have peaked at an average of 2.5k transactions per block.
I have read of various proposals (BIPs) to fix this but have not seen anyone suggest breaking up the chain into multiple chains.
Currently we have ONE BIG CHAIN that everyone mines...and all transactions go into it...all wallets addresses are contained...
But what if we take half of all addresses (say last digit odd or even) and create TWO Bitcoin chains...
Each chain would start out with:

Half the difficulty setting.
Half the mining reward.
And a special wallet address on each chain that contains all the bitcoins in the other chain. This wallet would not be able to have spends as normal. It would only be able to spend based on the workings on special rules.

Miners would split their mining across both chains. Difficulty would adjust independently as normal. Rewards would continue to halve as expected...however more transactions processed would mean more fee income per block. (Should take 2.5k peak transactions per block to 3.75k per pair of blocks to both chains)
Transactions will go to the chain for the source wallet address (odd or even)
Any transaction that is odd to odd will stay on that chain...This is the savings in mempool and number of transactions as it won't effect the other chain.
Any transactions from odd to even will generate a transaction to the Special Wallet on Odd chain and add a new transaction to Even chain from special wallet to final wallet. And vice versa on the other chain.
The trick here would be having rules for the special wallet so only transactions can be spent from it using the other chains confirmed transaction as Proof. Embedded in that transaction is the spend to address that generates the final transaction on the other chain.  Cross Chain transactions would be a bit slower as they would require a confirmation from 1st chain before adding a transaction to the mempool on second chain... And then the issue of if the first transaction on first chain got orphaned...how would you cancel transaction on second chain...but this is a far as I've gone...
If this works...you could split this up to 3 chains, four chains...etc...with rapidly diminishing returns.
Has anyone heard of this before? Thoughts? Comments?
Thank you for reading!
Ryan


texts: What security features are built in to the standard Bitcoin software?

texts:
I have read much of the Bitcoin algorithm and its encryption basis, however little has been said of the software's inherent security.

What solutions are already built in to the software, and what is planned?

Problems I see:

At the moment it uses IRC networks for locating others. (IRC is fairly insecure and easily taken out with simple DDoS)
Wallets have not been encrypted by default. (Physical or remote access to the hard drive provides anyone with the wallet without even so much as a passphrase.)
Wallets are complex data structures with no backup tools. (They cannot be easily backed up to a physical hard copy or a secured digital copy. At least not without using 3rd party software such as PGP or TrueCrypt.)
The server communication protocols default to plain text instead of SSL or some other encrypted traffic.


texts: Can a multi-sig address also be a vanity address?

texts: If so, do the three separate parties have to agree on the character sequence?


texts: Problem making multisig PSBT on walletcreatefundedpsbt

texts:
I'm fighting with PSBT to do a 2: 2 multisig with bitcoin-cli on testnet. Those are the steps I follow:

Create a multisig with bitcoin-cli createmultisig 2 "["pubkey1", "pubkey2"]"

Create the psbt with createpsbt:
bitcoin-cli createpsbt '[{"txid": "578b667a5b2498bce06cf4b31e027a5a045af321f2465d3a7d8f302ac61759e6", "vout": 1 }, { "txid": "237bda433527d32ddce8da640e96efcbf3fddc1fbde8add362abe197cc3c151f", "vout": 0 }]' '{"data": "49879816ffbca992d07559d56c0cb8cbc14aa7eb896bc79f532d272595b5906f", "tb1q369frc2yk5vfly8ya57ed2qr7p3jef6fzaqyz6": 0.00009500 }'

On one signer, call to walletprocesspsbt: bitcoin-cli walletprocesspsbt $psbt

If I call here to analyzepsbt $psbt, this is what I get:

{
  "inputs": [
    {
      "has_utxo": true,
      "is_final": false,
      "next": "updater",
      "missing": {
        "redeemscript": "e6b13137de705c19718f1aaf6f80709a9e6c1a7c"
      }
    },
    {
      "has_utxo": true,
      "is_final": false,
      "next": "updater",
      "missing": {
        "redeemscript": "e6b13137de705c19718f1aaf6f80709a9e6c1a7c"
      }
    }
  ],
  "fee": 0.00000500,
  "next": "updater"
}

To add the redeemscript it says is missing, ¿can I use walletcreatefundedpsbt? I try this:
bitcoin-cli walletcreatefundedpsbt '[{"txid": "578b667a5b2498bce06cf4b31e027a5a045af321f2465d3a7d8f302ac61759e6", "vout": 1, "scriptPubKey": "a914e6b13137de705c19718f1aaf6f80709a9e6c1a7c87", "witnessScript": "5221021efcdb8d9afb724ae7c58a3886656b56e3311e26f80a1d88e5f1f49e04d30d4b210345beb99ed5fd6ecad0e4a26b797b604495ebf85630c34e126a83c110b76dffdd52ae","amount":0.00005000}, {"txid": "237bda433527d32ddce8da640e96efcbf3fddc1fbde8add362abe197cc3c151f", "vout": 0, "scriptPubKey": "a914e6b13137de705c19718f1aaf6f80709a9e6c1a7c87", "witnessScript": "5221021efcdb8d9afb724ae7c58a3886656b56e3311e26f80a1d88e5f1f49e04d30d4b210345beb99ed5fd6ecad0e4a26b797b604495ebf85630c34e126a83c110b76dffdd52ae","amount":0.00005000}]'  '[{"data": "49879816ffbca992d07559d56c0cb8cbc14aa7eb896bc79f532d272595b5906f"}, {"tb1q369frc2yk5vfly8ya57ed2qr7p3jef6fzaqyz6": 0.00009500 }']

but I get "Insufficient funds" (error -4) ¿What I' missing or put it wrong on walletcreatefundedpsbt command?
Thank you very much! :-D


texts:
One of the weaknesses of bitcoin listed on that wiki is that it was once vulnerable to the time warp attack. This attack lets a miner with >50% of the hash power to solve many more blocks in a short amount of time, essentially gaining a higher than appropriate reward. It can also be used to create a chain that is extremely long very quickly while keeping the difficulty low.

Was the time warp attack the only reason it was not safe to compare chains by length? Asked a different way, if the time warp bug was fixed in bitcoin, would comparing chains by length always produce the same result as comparing by work done?

Relevant: Theymos suggests in this answer:

  Satoshi didn't initially realize that choosing the correct chain by just counting blocks allows for some extremely easy attacks. Version 0.1 just counted blocks. That's why the paper just says "longest". The idea of "chain work" was added a little later.


texts: How is a version of Bitcoin marked as 'obsolete'

texts:
I'm compiling a pre-release version of a Bitcoin based altcoin.  I get a temporary connection to a current version fullnode of my own, but the connection is then rejected.

When I look in the debug.log of the current version node, it says the new protocolversion is obsolete, but the new version is higher than the current one.

I'm trying to understand how these mechanisms work, thank you.

EDIT for clarity: How does protocol version come into being, how is obsoleteness determined, why whould a higher version show as obsolete?


texts:
Armory gives the option of Secure Print for making paper backups. I understand that the developers give this option in case your printer stores a cache, or if the wallet could otherwise be compromised in transit from your computer to your printer. In other words, it is not intended as an encrypted paper backup, but just as a feature to help securely print your paper wallet.

My question is, even though this feature was not intended to make an encrypted paper backup, is it secure enough to enable one to widely disperse paper backups, assuming  only the actual wallet owner controls the generated password (which I think is around 10 characters)? What type of encryption cipher does it use?


texts: How to make paper wallet from Electrum wallet

texts:
I see a lot of information about how to import a paper wallet into Electrum but can't find much in the other direction.

I want to generate a paper wallet from bitcoinpaperwallet.com (locally) so that I can store the amount. To do that I need a WIF private key. In Electrum I can see my master public key, my transaction ID, my receiving address, and I can export private keys. When I export private keys it is 27 pairs of addresses and private keys.

I see this conversion procedure, from the bitcoin wiki, for private keys to WIF or vice versa. And gobittest.appspot.com/PrivateKey to implement it.

My question is why are there 27 key pairs in electrum for one wallet? Do I choose one and convert that? Is the balance split up amongst the keys?


texts: How do I detect a DDOS attack on my node?

texts:
I have seen some posts on bitcointalk.org that there is a DDOS attack against nodes happening right now and they have instructions how to ban the attacking IPs.

How can I tell if my node is getting DDOS'ed? I did a getinfo command and everything looks normal.


texts: Can I mine Bitcoin from my Hosting server?

texts:
I have dedicated server which I leased for 6 months (paid upfront for Good Deal) and I just sold my website after 4 months which doesn't include Hosting (just transferd domain name and website files)

Now, my Dedicated Server 2 x Quad Core Xeon L5630 Processor, (8 Core Total) free for next two months.

Can I do Bitcoin/Etherium mining, is it allowed and what tools can I use?
(though I Never mine Bitcoin before)


texts: Can I use run Bitcoin Core in regtest mode in v0.8.1?

texts:
I'm trying to run bitcoin-core v0.8.1 in regtest mode, but it doesn't work.
When placing regtest=1 in bitcoin.conf it starts to sync the mainnet.
I've not seen anything related in the code.

So I was wondering if there's any configuration different to run regtest mode in that version different from more recent ones.

When was regtest mode added ?


texts: I bought Bit Coins while on a Bidding site. They were bought with my Credt card. How do I trace them?

texts: I bought Bit coins on a Bidding site that only used Bit Coins. I never used them. How can I find them?  This was almost 6 years ago. It was $10.00 worth and that bought 10 bitcoins... Thanks


texts: How can I get the date of the last transaction from the blockchain.info API?

texts: Is there a way to request the date of last transaction via API? I run a request to see balance of my addresses and need to request the date of the last transaction, how would I do that?


texts: What is the fastest way of litecoin mining?

texts:
I have searched whole the Internet but it looks like that there isn't any fast way of mining litecoin.

Most powerful CPUs just mine about 200 Kh/s and the most powerful GPUs mine around 900 Kh/s.

And I haven't seen any hardware like ASICs for litecoin mining yet.

So what is the fastest way of mining litecoin??? I think it's impossible to mine with a 4000$ gpu and just get 900 Kh/s so is any minig hardware going to be produced ???


texts: How to move wallet.dat from Bitcoin Core into Electrum?

texts:
I've got a wallet.dat file from Bitcoin Core and I'd like to move that into electrum because I can't open Bitcoin Core as the syncing process takes forever and eventually fails. I also read that electrum won't read wallet.dat files. Is there any other way to do this?
I tried to run ...
$ bitcoin-cli dumpwallet "test"

but if I understand this correctly, I need to run bitcoind, and this fails on startup because of an error in debug.log like
LevelDB read failure: Corruption: block checksum mismatch
Fatal LevelDB error: Corruption: block checksum mismatch
You can use -debug=leveldb to get more complete diagnostic messages
Error: Error reading from database, shutting down.

In sum, I can't get the private keys using bitcoin core because upon startup, I get errors like the above.
Thoughts?


texts: What are the limits of m and n in m-of-n multisig addresses?

texts:
This method describes how to create a 2-of-3 multisig.

I heard that there is an inherent limit with the number of multisig parts, limiting them to 3.

Does the standard method described above of generating and spending multisig addresses work with more than 3 parts? What is the limit? How to work around that and create/spend larger multisigs using bitcoind (practical 'how to' would be appreciated)


texts: Unable to broadcast multi-sig transaction that has been double signed

texts:
Having same issue as this question trying on both electrum wallet in terminal and via coinb.in/#broadcast. Unclear from existing answer how to resolve

In terminal

Electrum v 2.7.9; Debian system

$ electrum broadcast <tx id>
> Daemon not running; try 'electrum daemon start'
$ electrum daemon start
> starting daemon (PID 12639)
$ electrum broadcast <tx id>
> Daemon not running; try 'electrum daemon start'

Via coinb.in

On coinb.in/#sign --> "The above transaction has been signed"
So, to broadcast:

  16: mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (Operation not valid with the current stack size)

I'm not sure what this error means or how to resolve it. Any help appreciated.

edit, transaction: 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


texts: How can I use Bitcoind on Ubuntu if I installed from PPA?

texts:
I have two transactions that won't go through. The first one I  I sent with a zero transaction fee by accident and the second one I  I sent with a fee of .00022324. Neither is going through. I read this question and one of the answers said that

  What can I do to speed-up the transaction’s confirmation?

  Nothing. The next best thing is to cancel and resend the transaction.

  Make a note of the individual bitcoin address(es) that the unconfirmed transaction was sent from.
      Wait a few days until your wallet stops broadcasting the transaction (or for immediate results, run Bitcoin Core with the -zapwallettxes option)
      Send all your bitcoins from the addresses recorded in step 1 to a new address with the recommended or higher than recommended fee.
      Make original transaction again using the recommended fee.

I wanted to try the -zapwallettxes option but when I try to run bitcoind from terminal it doesn't work. And since I installed from PPA I can't find where the binary was put.


texts:
Looking for my macaroon files which should be at this location:

lnddir/data/chain/bitcoin/mainnet

However, I can't figure out where my default lnddir location is. I don't want to set a new lnddir. I'm working on macOS, however information for all major operation systems should be included.


texts:
I am so much worried. I don't know what to do.

https://blockchain.info/tx/41112430b191b5be2b4cd26e6f4203f3156f4437c72bd2ef242f0e9f15f75c82


texts: Locktime requirement not satisfied when locktime set to 1 in p2sh

texts:
I've created the following script on testnet:

OP_IF
    2 <pubkey1> <pubkey2> <pubkey3> 3
    OP_CHECKMULTISIG
OP_ELSE
    1 OP_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY
    OP_DROP
    <pubkey1> OP_CHECKSIG
OP_ENDIF

I am currently able to unlock the funds when I satisfy the 2 of 3 multisig condition.

However, when I attempt to unlock the funds using the else condition, I get the following error: 64: non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (Locktime requirement not satisfied)

This confuses me, because I thought I was setting the lock time to a block height of 1, which should have already passed.

I have also tried using OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY as well.

Any help on this would be greatly appreciated! Thanks so much!


texts: Useful alternative Bitcoin transaction scripts

texts:
The Bitcoin wiki describes a transaction's script as something that describes "how the next person wanting to spend the Bitcoins being transferred can gain access to them".

The script for "a typical Bitcoin transfer to destination Bitcoin address D" is described as requiring of the future spender:

  a public key that, when hashed, yields destination address D embedded in the script, and
  a signature to show evidence of the private key corresponding to the public key just provided.

What useful alternative scripts could be made? What practical situations would they serve, and what client features would be required to support them?


texts: How can I set the rpc user credentials in Insight to connect to a custom node?

texts:
Bitpay has done brilliant work in creating the bitcore libraries pack.

I am stuck trying to find the file in which we can add the rpc user name and password for connecting to a custom node inside the insight-api.

here is the code for the insight-api https://github.com/bitpay/insight-api


texts: Simple explanation of how a hash timelock function works with an atomic trade of bitcoin / litecoin trade without a 3rd party?

texts:
From my understanding a hash timelock function trade or atomic swap involves 2 transactions one separate blockchains. The BTC user named Bob is making a trade with Alice for her LTC. Assuming its a 1 to 1 trade and neither party trusts one another.

User bob makes a btc transaction sending his coin to an address they both control via multi-sig with 2-3. Meaning it needs 2 signatures to in order to make it a valid transaction. This address also has a "time lock" feature of being able to lock the coins for 60 minutes? (is that even a thing?)

Now Alice does the same thing with her LTC by locking it in another address with multi-sig.

They both see that the coins are locked away in these 2 addresses and they will be locked for 60 minutes.

Within this this 60 minutes, alice or bob signs the transaction of one of these addresses.

Once its proved its signed, now they will proceed to the next address to sign.

Now BOTH transactions are signed and is ready to be broadcasted.

I got this far, but I'm unsure if this was the correct way of understanding how an atomic swap might work. Can someone make it even more simple to understand?

My other question is what stops one of them trying to steal both of the coins once the lock is expired?


texts: I transferred BTC to my wallet and it hasn't shown up. IT's been 6 weeks and still nothing. I transferred my funds from Binance and Binance is showing that the BTC has been send and received. Bitcoin Core is telling me that it needs to synchronize with the network and is 5 years and 4 months behind. Does anyone have any suggestions as to how to retrieve my BTC? Thank you


texts: Various questions regarding wallet and mining

texts:
Ok so I downloaded the bitcoin program and started it up.
And the program started downloading thousands of blocks.
I haven't clicked anything or signed up anywhere, I have tried and i think succeeded in finding my address, no sure though.
Now it is still busy downloading blocks.
On the overview screen it shows wallet out of sync.
How do I sync this or does this happen once the blocks are done?
How do I make/get/mine bitcoins, any websites that can be recommended?
Do I have to add my own money to get started?


texts: What is the maximum character length when sending a NXT message?

texts: I'm looking to see whats the limit of characters a nxt message can contain.


texts: How do OmniLayer and Rootstock compare in their relation to the bitcoin Blockchain? Can they coexist within applications potentially built on top of the bitcoin Blockchain, etc..


texts: How to determine where a bitcoin address resides

texts: I sent bitcoins to a different address that I might own. However, I am unable to determine where that bitcoin address resides. How can I determine where it resides and or how to access that bitcoin address?


texts:
I was wondering how  testnet addresses like https://testnet.blockchain.info/address/myaj43o2wt34j31ej5pmP6htCHFafAKoeP
are created?
Also is there a script to create them?


texts: Ubuntu. (blockchain of version 0.9.3 compatible with 0.10.1?)

texts:
I have version 0.9.3 of bitcoind on my Ubuntu server and I want to upgrade to 0.10.1,
I have nothing in my wallet.
Does the blockchain 0.9.3 compatible with 0.10.1?
Do I have anything to keep from version 0.9.3 ?


texts: Blockchain.info not sending my IPN to my website

texts: Ok, so I have set up my blockchain.info API. But when I send a payment to the address given, it doesnt send the data. I use the exact same settings and callback in the testing, and it works amazingly. The thing is, blockchain.info doesn't even send my IPN. I know this because my first code is to insert a json format of all $_GET parameters into a database. Any fix?


texts:
Is it obligatory to backup wallet.dat after each outgoing transfer?

I understand it is, but not after each incoming transfer.


texts: Access funds on legacy address related to segwit address from which I have private key

texts:
The situation

Hello. Our company running BTC pool. We've been mining BTC for a while and used segwit address 32Z3eXSPgxcHj2fnQy8d6dg66eVtZfxrBM as pool adress.

But when we finally found a first block (actually - two blocks) for some reason block reward got sent to different address:1s2iywx94HudryMHsU2g1K9x8DB1cahGc

Here are links for both generation transactions with rewards: the first and
 the second

The problem

We cannot get access to funds on 1s2iywx94HudryMHsU2g1K9x8DB1cahGc - we simple can't see that balance on the wallet.

The question

How can we access those funds on 1s2iywx94HudryMHsU2g1K9x8DB1cahGc?

More info

Using Bitcoin Core client command validateaddress we can inspect both addresses:

Output for 32Z3eXSPgxcHj2fnQy8d6dg66eVtZfxrBM is

{
  "isvalid": true,
  "address": "32Z3eXSPgxcHj2fnQy8d6dg66eVtZfxrBM",
  "scriptPubKey": "a91409763cb05dcea0f98f53b0f08651f92c5d2d2f3887",
  "ismine": true,
  "iswatchonly": false,
  "isscript": true,
  "iswitness": false,
  "script": "witness_v0_keyhash",
  "hex": "00142ee67d879ccf17daec87b4ed4a6cecdd9b3f64a0",
  "pubkey": "02835613e6e22843ce7dafc5d22a2763a8428b81f3d44dced0fd860f08be7a29df",
  "embedded": {
    "isscript": false,
    "iswitness": true,
    "witness_version": 0,
    "witness_program": "2ee67d879ccf17daec87b4ed4a6cecdd9b3f64a0",
    "pubkey": "02835613e6e22843ce7dafc5d22a2763a8428b81f3d44dced0fd860f08be7a29df",
    "address": "bc1q9mn8mpuueuta4my8knk55m8vmkdn7e9qmezkgv",
    "scriptPubKey": "00142ee67d879ccf17daec87b4ed4a6cecdd9b3f64a0"
  },
  "addresses": [
    "bc1q9mn8mpuueuta4my8knk55m8vmkdn7e9qmezkgv"
  ],
  "account": "",
  "timestamp": 1533473707,
  "hdkeypath": "m/0'/0'/0'",
  "hdmasterkeyid": "35e9670da1b28efe5621eb9cee2cf3e88b929968"
}

Output for 1s2iywx94HudryMHsU2g1K9x8DB1cahGc is

{
"isvalid": true,
"address": "1s2iywx94HudryMHsU2g1K9x8DB1cahGc",
"scriptPubKey": "76a91409763cb05dcea0f98f53b0f08651f92c5d2d2f3888ac",
"ismine": false,
"iswatchonly": false,
"isscript": false,
"iswitness": false
}

I can see three interesting points here:

scriptPubKey for both addresses contains 09763cb05dcea0f98f53b0f08651f92c5d2d2f38 part, which is, afaik, actuall public key. First byte differs, which makes sense, since it's prefix, 00 for legacy and 05 for segwit respectively.

regarding output for 1s2iywx94HudryMHsU2g1K9x8DB1cahGc :

pubkey property is missing, which is weird, because usually its included for legacy addresses
isMine property equals false, wich means that wallet does not recognize this address relation to wallet PK.

So, can anyone please provide some insight and tell us if (and how?) we can access those funds, or we've lost them for good?

P.S.

When I use base58 decode on both 32Z3eXSPgxcHj2fnQy8d6dg66eVtZfxrBM and 1s2iywx94HudryMHsU2g1K9x8DB1cahGc I get

0509763CB05DCEA0F98F53B0F08651F92C5D2D2F385CCEC0F4 and

0009763CB05DCEA0F98F53B0F08651F92C5D2D2F3861372301 respectively.

Again, you can clearly see same bytes, so addresses are definitely related.


texts: Why is the obscured commitment number necessary in lightning commitment TX's?

texts:
The obscured commitment number for each commitment transaction is the lower 48 bits of:

SHA256(payment_basepoint from open_channel || payment_basepoint from accept_channel)

It is encoded in the lock time and sequence fields (24bits each) of the commitment transaction. I don't understand why it is necessary, the BOLT rfc reads:

  This obscures the number of commitments made on the channel in the
  case of unilateral close, yet still provides a useful index for both
  nodes (who know the payment_basepoints) to quickly find a revoked
  commitment transaction.

Why doesn't the TXID of the commitment TX suffice as lookup index key?


texts: Is there a script for bitcoin core which prints all spendable UTXOs given a private seed?

texts: I am looking for an open source script or application which would take a private wallet key from the user (from terminal input or file, as mnemonic or xpriv string) and then connect to a bitcoind and output all UTXOs which are owned (spendable) by that key. Does something like that exist?


texts: Cold storage, transferable to hardware wallet

texts:
As far as I understand, hardware wallets generate a deterministic key space using standard algorithms: starting with a (random) passphrase (and more security tokens?), they are able to rebuild the wallet.

I do not have a hardware wallet, nor do I plan to buy one at the moment, but I would like to keep the option open of transferring my wallet to a hardware wallet. Basically, I want a paper wallet transferable to a hardware wallet.

I assume that if I follow standard procedures to generate my paper wallet, I will be able to import it into any hardware wallet as long as it follows the relevant standards.

I have three questions:

What standards should I be looking for?
How can I generate such a paper wallet?
What would be the best way to test my paper wallet? I am thinking on generating a test paper wallet and use a desktop wallet to verify that this can be imported. I assume that if a desktop wallet can import the paper wallet, a hardware wallet will be able to import it too. By "testing" I mean to generate the "first" key in the paper wallet and checking that it also exists in the desktop wallet too (once the wallet has been re-generated in the desktop wallet using the passphrase).


texts: How happens the serealization the data in the file blkxxxx.dat in the bitcoin

texts:
I'm writing a blockchain parser for bitcoin core with C++ and now I want to enrich the data I read with the raw transaction and the previous and next block hashes.

I used this library to convert the hexadecimal to a double sha256 but now my problem is to bring the data I read into the correct format, for example, the VarInt is serialized as corresponding hexadecimal (for example 77 -> 4d).
But on some things, I don't find myself, for example in the conversion of integers of the type uint32 and int32.

I'll give you an example
The version number of the genesis block is 1 and the serialization to the correct hash is 01000000

or the conversion of the nonce of the genesis block which is 2083236893 but the correct form for the serialization is 7c2bac1d

Similarly for

NBits = 486604799 -> serialization = 1d00ffff
timestamp = 1231469665 -> serialization = 495fab29

Sorry for my terrible English but I'm learning.

______ Solution ______

Bitcoin core to use the method for serializing block, into file blk and sending data into the network, to create the hash.

Then, the hash block do create with all data into little endian form.


texts: Can a system like Ripple exist without a currency like ripples? As they are not used to pay the peers in the system, and their supply / fee ratio is so large they do not appear to be stopping the system from being spammed, could the system work without them? What is stopping the Ripple system from abandoning ripples, asides them being mandated by the protocol?


texts:
I was wondering if there are public available researches about the "disappear" rate of Bitcoins (wallet data lost, person died, forgotten eWallet access, ...).

This could be generated by checking "idle" public addresses with unspent money. Or by scraping information about data lost on public forums.


texts: Why does an adversary have to control 50% of the computing power to double spend?

texts:
If transactions in a block are valid, in order to add that block in the block chain, a proof of work needs to be found. I have read the bitcoin paper by Satoshi.

If the difficulty of the proof of work requires say 2^52 computations (13 hex zeros) on an average, and since every node on the network is working independently, why can't the powerful adversary surpass the length of current block chain and present his version of block chain to the network? Specifically, why does the attacker have to control 1 percent or x percent of the network's computational power, when honest nodes on the network are not working in collaboration to find the proof of work?

If the adversary can find a proof of work quicker than the most powerful honest peer, he can compute a longer block chain and broadcast it to the network.

Let us assume that there are 2^20 nodes on the network, each computing 2^40 hashes per second on an average. Each node would then require 68 minutes to find a proof of work (trying 2^52 hashes). The total computing power of the network is number of nodes * computing power of each node = 2^20*2^40 = 2^60.

If the adversary operates at the speed of 2^45 hashes per second, he requires just 2^7 = 2 min to find a proof of work (2^52 hashes).

Now, the computing power of the network is 2^60, however each node is trying to find a proof of work independently. The computing power of adversary compared to the network is 32,000 times smaller. The amount of computing power controlled by the adversary is 1/32000 = 0.00001%,  but still he can compute the longer block chain.

Please help, if I am assuming something wrong here. The honest nodes on the network do not work in collaboration. So attacker need not control 50% of computing power on the network and has to expend computing power just more than average computing power of the honest nodes.


texts: How to prove bitcoin ownership without revealing amount?

texts: Is it possible to use some cryptographic scheme to prove bitcoin ownership without revealing any information about value held in addresses?


texts: is there any way to know blockchain.com passphrase pattern , I mean they use some words from the dictionary to give someone a passphrase , how would we know the exact wordslist they use ?


texts: I've deleted my wallet and never backed up my files. How can I recover my coins?

texts: I've deleted my wallet when I wiped my computer recently and never backed up my files. The only thing I've done was convert money into bitcoins and it was sitting in my wallet never touched. I reached out to the company that processed my conversion and they provided me with the necessary addresses that were used. How can I recover my bitcoins? Any help would very appreciated. Thank you.


texts: bitcoin-cli is not using port specified in config

texts:
I have setup a bitcoin node in regtest mode with custom config and datadir.

I start bittcoind with command:

 bitcoind -conf=bitcoin-demo.conf  -regtest  -datadir="testdatabtc" -daemon

My bitcoin-demo.conf looks like:

regtest=1
server=1
rpcuser=alice
rpcpassword=hello
rpcallowip=0.0.0.0/0
rpcconnect=127.0.0.1
# Options only for regtest
[regtest]
rpcport=3133

I am able to connect access my node using curl command

curl --user alice:hello --data '{"method":"getblockchaininfo","params":[],"id":1,"jsonrpc":"2.0"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json" -X POST http://localhost:3133

But when I try to  access the same commands using bitcoin-cli, it tries to connect to port 8332, even when I specify the config file.

bitcoin-cli -conf="bitcoin-demo.conf"  getblockchaininfo

This command produces error:

  error: Could not connect to the server 127.0.0.1:8332

This works if I specify the port and auth as command line argument:

bitcoin-cli -conf="bitcoin-demo.conf" -rpcport="3133" -rpcuser="alice" -rpcpassword="hello"  getblockchaininfo

Above command works fine. But the question is

Why bitcoin-cli does not read these arguments from the config file?


texts:
When I try to spend about 4.7 mbtc I get an error message  : "Balance not enough". I deduce that network fees should be around 4mbtc, which is kind of high. My balance formed from around 15 faucet inputs 0,5 mbtc each on single adress, so I think that is the source of my problem.

What  should I do now?
1. Does "economical" transfer of these inputs on new address gives me lower fees after that or not?
2. Should I move my balance to other app, or this is not BitcoinWallet problem and any other app give me same fees?