Question: In the books by the Rev. W. V. Awdry and the UK TV series first broadcast in 1984 with Ringo Starr as storyteller, how many wheels does Thomas the Tank Engine have?

Thomas the Tank Engine

not receive this respect. However, Percy and Toby are more than capable of standing up to him, and Annie and Clarabel often rebuke him. Thomas's on-screen appearances in the TV series were developed by Britt Allcroft. The first series of 26 stories premiered in October 1984 on the ITV Network in the UK, with former Beatles drummer/vocalist Ringo Starr as storyteller. The stories were featured as segments as part of Shining Time Station in the US beginning in 1989 with Starr as the show's Mr. Conductor character. From 1991 to 1993, George Carlin replaced Starr as both the storyteller and

Thomas & Friends (series 1)

Thomas & Friends (series 1) Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the first series, which was originally broadcast in 1984. This series was initially narrated by Ringo Starr for the U.K. audiences, who re-narrated 25 episodes for U.S. audiences on the American television show "Shining Time Station". The entire series was later re-narrated by George Carlin for the U.S.

Thomas & Friends (series 2)

Thomas & Friends (series 2) Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the second series of the show, which was first broadcast in 1986. This series was initially narrated by Ringo Starr for the U.K. audiences, who re-narrated 17 episodes for the U.S. audiences on "Shining Time Station". The entire series was later re-narrated by George Carlin for the U.S.

Thomas & Friends (series 2)

believed to be in possession of the original film footage. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> Thomas & Friends (series 2) Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the second series of the show, which was first broadcast in 1986. This series was initially narrated by Ringo Starr for the U.K. audiences, who re-narrated 17 episodes for the U.S. audiences on "Shining Time Station".

Thomas the Tank Engine

the second book in the series, "Thomas the Tank Engine", and was the focus of the four short stories contained within. Thomas's best friends are Percy and Toby. In 1979, British writer/producer Britt Allcroft came across the books, and arranged a deal to bring the stories to life as the TV series "Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends" (later simplified to "Thomas & Friends"). The programme became an award-winning hit around the world, with a vast range of spin-off commercial products. When Awdry created Thomas, the engine existed only as a wooden toy made for his son Christopher. This engine

Thomas the Tank Engine

Thomas the Tank Engine

Thomas the Tank Engine is an anthropomorphised fictional tank locomotive in the British "Railway Series" books by Wilbert Awdry and his son, Christopher, published from 1945. He became the most popular and famous character in the series, and is the titular protagonist in the accompanying television adaptation series "Thomas & Friends" and its reboot "".

Thomas is a blue steam engine and has a number 1 painted on his side. All of the vehicles in "The Railway Series" were based on prototypical engines; Thomas's basis is the LB&SCR E2 class. Thomas first appeared in 1946 in the second book in the series, "Thomas the Tank Engine", and was the focus of the four short stories contained within. In "The Railway Series" and early episodes of "Thomas & Friends", Thomas's best friends are Percy and Toby, though he is also close friends with Edward. Later episodes of "Thomas & Friends" have Thomas in a trio with James and Percy, and Percy is known as his best friend.

In 1979, British writer and producer Britt Allcroft came across the books, and arranged a deal to bring the stories to life as the TV series "Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends" (later simplified to "Thomas & Friends"). The programme became an award-winning hit around the world, with a vast range of spin-off commercial products.

Ringo Starr

Ringo Starr

Sir Richard Starkey  (born 7 July 1940), known professionally as Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer, songwriter and actor who achieved international fame as the drummer for the Beatles. Starr occasionally sang lead vocals with the group, usually for one song on each album, including "Yellow Submarine" and "With a Little Help from My Friends". He also wrote and sang the Beatles songs "Don't Pass Me By" and "Octopus's Garden", and is credited as a co-writer of four others.

Starr was afflicted by life-threatening illnesses during childhood, with periods of prolonged hospitalisation. He briefly held a position with British Rail before securing an apprenticeship as a machinist at a Liverpool school equipment manufacturer. Soon afterwards, Starr became interested in the UK skiffle craze and developed a fervent admiration for the genre. In 1957, he co-founded his first band, the Eddie Clayton Skiffle Group, which earned several prestigious local bookings before the fad succumbed to American rock and roll around early 1958. When the Beatles formed in 1960, Starr was a member of another Liverpool group, Rory Storm and the Hurricanes. After achieving moderate success in the UK and Hamburg, he quit the Hurricanes when he was asked to join the Beatles in August 1962, replacing Pete Best.

In addition to the Beatles' films, Starr has acted in numerous others. After the band's break-up in 1970, he released several successful singles including the US top-ten hit "It Don't Come Easy", and number ones "Photograph" and "You're Sixteen". His most successful UK single was "Back Off Boogaloo", which peaked at number two. He achieved commercial and critical success with his 1973 album "Ringo", which was a top-ten release in both the UK and the US. Starr has featured in numerous documentaries, hosted television shows, narrated the first two series of the children's television program "Thomas & Friends" and portrayed "Mr. Conductor" during the first season of the PBS children's television series "Shining Time Station". Since 1989, he has toured with thirteen variations of Ringo Starr & His All-Starr Band.

Starr's playing style, which emphasised feel over technical virtuosity, influenced many drummers to reconsider their playing from a compositional perspective. He also influenced various modern drumming techniques, such as the matched grip, tuning the drums lower, and using muffling devices on tonal rings. In 2011, "Rolling Stone" readers named him the fifth-greatest drummer of all time. He was inducted twice into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, as a Beatle in 1988 and as a solo artist in 2015, and appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 2018 New Year Honours for services to music. In 2020, he was cited as the wealthiest drummer in the world, with a net worth of $350 million.

Thomas & Friends (series 17)

Thomas & Friends (series 17) Thomas & Friends (previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends) is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the seventeenth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 2013. This series was narrated by Mark Moraghan for the U.K. and U.S. audiences. Note: Episodes 1–20 were first broadcast in the U.K. in 2013 by Channel 5 (20 single episodes).

Thomas & Friends (series 12)

Thomas & Friends (series 12) Thomas & Friends (previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends) is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the twelfth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 2008. This series was originally planned to be narrated by Pierce Brosnan, replacing Michael Angelis and Michael Brandon for the UK and US narrations starting with "The Great Discovery", respectively. However,

Thomas & Friends (series 5)

Thomas & Friends (series 5) Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the fifth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 1998. This series is narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences, while Alec Baldwin narrated the episodes for the U.S. audiences. The show's staff had decided since Series 3 that most of the best stories of

Thomas & Friends (series 18)

Thomas & Friends (series 18) Thomas & Friends (previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends) is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from series 18 of the show, which first began broadcasting from 2014. Some episodes in this series have two titles: the original titles are indicated in bold, with the American-adapted titles underneath. This series is narrated by Mark Moraghan for the U.K. and

Thomas & Friends (series 15)

Thomas & Friends (series 15) Thomas & Friends (previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends) is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This was Christopher Skala's last series as executive producer. This article lists and details episodes from the fifteenth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 2011. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences, while Michael Brandon narrates the episodes for the U.S. audiences.

Thomas & Friends

Thomas & Friends Thomas & Friends (originally known as Thomas The Tank Engine & Friends or Thomas the Tank Engine; also known as Thomas & Friends: Big World! Big Adventures! in the twenty-second series) is a British children's television series. In the United Kingdom, it had its first broadcast on the ITV network in Great Britain in 1984. In the United States, it had its first broadcast on "Shining Time Station" in 1989. It is based on "The Railway Series" of books by the Reverend Wilbert Awdry and his son, Christopher Awdry. These books follow the adventures of a group

Thomas & Friends (series 16)

Thomas & Friends (series 16) Thomas & Friends (previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends) is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the sixteenth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 2012. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences, while Michael Brandon narrates the episodes for the U.S. audiences. This was also their last series. This was Sharon

Thomas & Friends (series 3)

Thomas & Friends (series 3) Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the third series of the show, which was first broadcast for the U.S. in 1991 as part of "Shining Time Station", and followed a year later for the U.K. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences, while George Carlin narrated the episodes for the

Thomas & Friends (series 6)

Thomas & Friends (series 6) Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the sixth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 2002. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences, who also re-dubbed only two episodes for the U.S. audiences, while Alec Baldwin narrated the episodes for the U.S. audiences, which was also his last

Thomas & Friends (series 9)

Thomas & Friends (series 9) Thomas & Friends (previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends) is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the ninth Series of this show, which was first broadcast in 2005. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences, while Michael Brandon narrated the episodes for the U.S. audiences. Some episodes in this series have two titles: the

Thomas the Tank Engine

Thomas the Tank Engine Thomas the Tank Engine is a fictional steam locomotive in "The Railway Series" books by the Reverend Wilbert Awdry and his son, Christopher, published from 1945 on. He became the most popular character in the series, and is the title character in the accompanying television spin-off series "Thomas & Friends". Thomas is a steam engine and has a number 1 painted on his side. All of the locomotives in The Railway Series were based on prototypical engines; Thomas has origins in the E2 Class designed by Lawson Billinton in 1913. Thomas first appeared in 1946 in

Wilbert Awdry

a model of Gordon; however, as that was too difficult Awdry made a model of a little 0-6-0 tank engine. Awdry said, "The natural name was Thomas – Thomas the Tank Engine." Then Christopher requested stories about Thomas and these duly followed and were published in the famous book "Thomas the Tank Engine", released in 1946. The first book, ("The Three Railway Engines") was published in 1945, and by the time Awdry stopped writing in 1972, "The Railway Series" numbered 26 books. Christopher subsequently added further books to the series. In 1952, Awdry volunteered as a guard on the Talyllyn

Thomas & Friends (series 8)

Thomas & Friends (series 8) Thomas & Friends (previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends) is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the eighth series of the show, which was first broadcast in 2004. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences, while Michael Brandon narrated the episodes for the U.S. audiences. Starting with this series, "Thomas & Friends" broadcast in

Thomas & Friends (series 11)

Thomas & Friends (series 11) Thomas & Friends "(previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends)" is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This article lists and details episodes from the eleventh series of this show, which was first broadcast in 2007. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the UK audiences, while Michael Brandon narrates the episodes for the US audiences. Starting in this series, the theme song is sung

Thomas & Friends (series 10)

Thomas & Friends (series 10) Thomas & Friends "(previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends)" is a children's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor, and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry. This was Jocelyn Stevenson's last series as executive producer. Sharon Miller remained as script editor. This article lists episodes from the tenth Series of this show, which was first broadcast in 2006. This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the UK audiences, while Michael Brandon narrated the episodes


Question: Players form scrums in which sport?

Rugby (disambiguation)
rubgy
rugby
Rubgy
Rugby
rugby disambiguation

Scrum (rugby)

is also used in the rare event that the ball bursts or the referee interferes with the movement of the ball. The scrum consists of six players from each team in a 3-2-1 formation. The scrum is usually formed by each team's "forwards", though any player can participate. The front row of the formation consists of the open-side prop (8), hooker (9) and blind-side prop (10). Behind the front row are the two second row forwards (11&12), and then the loose forward (13) at the back. The two "packs" of forwards form a scrum before the ball is put into

Scrum (rugby union)

several metres in one direction without collapsing. Scrums are one of the most dangerous phases in rugby, since a collapse or improper engage can lead to a front row player damaging or even breaking his neck. For this reason, only trained players may play in the front row to help avoid injuries. If a team is without sufficient specialist front row players, for example because of injury or sin-binning, all scrums may be "uncontested scrums". In this situation, the packs engage, but do not push, and the team that still puts the ball into the scrum must win it without

Scrum (rugby)

Laws of rugby union

is on the ground. Mauls are formed when the ball carrier is held by at least one of the opposition and a teammate is also bound to them. Players can compete for the ball at tackles, rucks and mauls in accordance with the laws. Scrums are used to start play after minor infringements (knock-ons and forward passes) and when the ball becomes unplayable. All eight members of the forwards must be involved in the scrum provided the team still has all fifteen players present. Players involved in the scrum stay bound to each other and the opposition until it is

Scrum (rugby)

Scrum (rugby) A scrum (short for scrummage) is a method of restarting play in rugby that involves players packing closely together with their heads down and attempting to gain possession of the ball. Depending on whether it is in rugby union or rugby league, the scrum is utilized either after an accidental infringement or when the ball has gone out of play. Scrums occur more often, and are now of greater importance, in union than in league. Starting play from the line of scrimmage in gridiron football is derived from the scrum. In both sports, a scrum is formed by

Scrum (rugby)

Scrum (rugby)

A scrummage, commonly simply known as a scrum, is a method of restarting play in rugby football that involves players packing closely together with their heads down and attempting to gain possession of the ball. Depending on whether it is in rugby union or rugby league, the scrum is used either after an accidental infringement or when the ball has gone out of play. Scrums occur more often, and are now of greater importance, in union than in league. Starting play from the line of scrimmage in gridiron football is derived from the scrum.

In both forms of rugby, a scrum is formed by the players who are designated forwards binding together in three rows. The scrum then 'engages' with the opposition team so that the players' heads are interlocked with those of the other side's front row. In rugby union the initiation of the process is verbally coordinated by the referee who calls 'crouch, bind, set' as of 2013 (formerly 'crouch, touch, pause, engage', 'crouch and hold, engage' before 2007). The scrum-half from the team that did not infringe then throws the ball into the tunnel created in the space between the two sets of front rowers' legs. Both teams may then try to compete for the ball by trying to hook the ball backwards with their feet.

A key difference between the two sports is that in rugby union both sets of forwards try to push the opposition backwards while competing for the ball and thus the team that did not throw the ball into the scrum has some minimal chance of winning the possession. In practice, however, the team with the 'put-in' usually keeps possession (92% of the time with the feed) and put-ins are not straight. Forwards in rugby league do not usually push in the scrum, scrum-halves often feed the ball directly under the legs of their own front row rather than into the tunnel, and the team with the put-in usually retains possession (thereby making the 40/20 rule workable).

Scrum (rugby union)

Scrum (rugby union)

In rugby union a scrum is a means of restarting play after a minor infringement. It involves up to eight players from each team, known as the pack or forward pack, binding together in three rows and interlocking with the three opposing teams front row. At this point the ball is fed into the gap between the two forward packs and they both compete for the ball to win possession. Teams can be penalised for intentionally causing the scrum to collapse, and for not putting the ball into the scrum correctly. A scrum is most commonly awarded when the ball is knocked forward, or passed forward, or when a ball becomes trapped in a ruck or maul. Because of the physical nature of scrums, injuries can occur, especially in the front row.

Rugby union positions

Rugby union positions

In the game of rugby union, there are 15 players on each team, comprising eight forwards (wearing jerseys numbered 1–8) and seven backs (numbered 9–15). In addition, there may be up to eight replacement players "on the bench", numbered 16–23. Players are not restricted to a single position, although they generally specialise in just one or two that suit their skills and body types. Players that play multiple positions are called "utility players".

Forwards compete for the ball in scrums and line-outs and are generally bigger and stronger than the backs. Props push in the scrums, while the hooker tries to secure the ball for their team by "hooking" it back with their heel. The hooker is also the one who is responsible for throwing the ball in at line-outs, where it is mostly competed for by the locks, who are generally the tallest players on the team. The flankers and number eight are expected to be the first players to arrive at a breakdown and play an important role in securing possession of the ball for their team.

The backs play behind the forwards and are usually more lightly built and faster. Successful backs are skilful at passing and kicking. Full-backs need to be good defenders and kickers, and have the ability to catch a kicked ball. The wingers are usually among the fastest players in a team and score many of the tries. The centres' key attacking roles are to break through the defensive line and link successfully with wingers. The fly-half can be a good kicker and generally directs the back line. The scrum-half retrieves the ball from the forwards and needs a quick and accurate pass to get the ball to the backs (often firstly to the fly-half).

Early names, such as "three-quarters" (for the wings and centres) and "outside-half" (for fly-half) are sometimes used in the Northern Hemisphere, while in New Zealand the fly-half and inside centre are called "first five-eighth" and "second five-eighth" respectively, while the scrum-half is known as the "half-back".

The scrum (a contest used to restart play) must consist of eight players from each team: the "front row" (two props; a loosehead and tighthead, and a hooker), the "second row" (two locks), and a "back row" (two flankers, and a number 8). The players outside the scrum are called "the backs": scrum-half, fly-half, inside centre, outside centre, two wings, and a fullback.

Rugby sevens

Rugby sevens

Rugby sevens (commonly known as simply sevens and originally known as seven-a-side rugby) is a variant of rugby union in which teams are made up of seven players playing seven-minute halves, instead of the usual 15 players playing 40-minute halves. Rugby sevens is administered by World Rugby, the body responsible for rugby union worldwide. The game is popular at all levels, with amateur and club tournaments generally held in the summer months. Sevens is one of the most well distributed forms of rugby, and is popular in parts of Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas, and especially in the South Pacific.

Rugby sevens originated in Melrose, Scotland in the 1880s; the Melrose Sevens tournament is still played annually. The popularity of rugby sevens increased further with the development of the Hong Kong Sevens in the 1970s and was later followed by the inclusion of the sport into the Commonwealth Games for the first time in 1998 and the establishment of the annual World Rugby Sevens Series in 1999 and the World Rugby Women's Sevens Series in 2012. In 2016, rugby sevens was contested in the Summer Olympics for the first time. It has also been played in regional events such as the Pan American Games and the Asian Games, and in 2018 a women's tournament was played for the first time at the Commonwealth Games.

Scrum cap

Scrum cap

The scrum cap is a form of headgear used by rugby players to protect the ears in the scrum, which can otherwise suffer injuries leading to the condition commonly known as cauliflower ears. Although originally designed for forwards they are now worn by players of all positions, even those who do not play in the scrum.

A simpler alternative to a cap, or a head-cap and used by many players, is a thin strip of foam or cloth and electrical tape wrapped around the ears like a head band.

Scrum (rugby)

to compete for the ball by trying to hook the ball backwards with their feet. A key difference between the two sports is that in rugby union both sets of forwards try to push the opposition backwards whilst competing for the ball and thus the team that did not throw the ball into the scrum have some minimal chance of winning the possession. In practice, however, the team with the 'put-in' usually keeps possession (92% of the time with the feed) and put-ins are not straight. Forwards in rugby league do not usually push in the scrum, scrum-halves often feed

Scrum (rugby union)

Scrum (rugby union) In rugby union a scrum is a means of restarting play after a minor infringement. It involves up to eight players from each team, known as the pack or forward pack, binding together in three rows and interlocking with the free opposing teams forwards. At this point the ball is fed into the gap between the two forward packs and they both compete for the ball to win possession. Teams can be penalised for intentionally causing the scrum to collapse, and for not putting the ball into the scrum correctly. A scrum is most commonly awarded when

Scrum (rugby)

the ball into scrum. Aided by this change, it is common for professional teams not to fully contest scrums, according to their choice of tactics. Scrum (rugby) A scrum (short for scrummage) is a method of restarting play in rugby that involves players packing closely together with their heads down and attempting to gain possession of the ball. Depending on whether it is in rugby union or rugby league, the scrum is utilized either after an accidental infringement or when the ball has gone out of play. Scrums occur more often, and are now of greater importance, in union than

Scrum (rugby)

between the opposing hooker and loosehead prop. The props then bind by gripping the back or side of the opposing prop's jersey. The scrum-half from the team that has possession then throws the ball in the gap formed between the two front rows. The two hookers (and sometimes the props) then compete for possession by trying to hook the ball backwards with their feet, while the entire pack tries to push the opposing pack backwards. The side that wins possession usually transfers the ball to the back of the scrum — which is done with their feet. Once at the

Rugby union

when the ball is trapped in a ruck or maul with no realistic chance of being retrieved. A team may also opt for a scrum if awarded a penalty. A scrum is formed by the eight forwards from each team binding together in three rows. The front row consists of the two props (loosehead and tighthead) either side of the hooker. The second row consists of two locks and the two flankers. Behind the second row is the number 8. This formation is known as the 3–4–1 formation. Once a scrum is formed the scrum-half from the team awarded the

Scrum (rugby union)

the ball is knocked forward, or passed forward, or when a ball becomes trapped in a ruck or maul. Because of the physical nature of scrums, injuries can occur, especially in the front row. To prepare for a scrum, each team's eight forwards (referred to as the "pack" or "forward pack") bind together in three rows — the front row, second row and back row. The front row is composed of the two "props" and the "hooker". To the left is the "loosehead" prop with the hooker in the middle, and the "tighthead" prop on the right (jersey numbers one,

Scrum (rugby)

the hands of the scrum-half the scrum has begun. Scrums in rugby union sevens consist only of what would be the "front row" in normal rugby union. They consist of three forwards on each side, plus a scrum half to feed in the ball. A rugby league scrum is used to bring the ball back into play in situations where the ball has gone out of play over the touchline or a player has made a mistake, a knock-on or forward pass, except when that mistake has occurred on the last tackle of a set of six tackles. A scrum

Rugby union gameplay

being retrieved. A team may also opt for a scrum if awarded a penalty. It is also awarded to the passing or kicking team if the ball hits the referee. A scrum is formed by the eight forwards from each team binding together in three rows. The front row consists of the two props (loosehead and tighthead) either side of the hooker. The second row consists of two locks and the two flankers. Behind the second row is the number 8. This formation is known as the 3–4–1 formation. The two packs of forwards engage with each other so that

Laws of rugby union

from the side line or to throw the ball in themselves. A team can also opt for a scrum in place of a "mark", free kick or penalty. A scrum is formed as near to where the infringement or stoppage occurred and at least five metres from either goal line. A normal scrum contains eight players from each team. If for some reason a team is reduced below fifteen men the scrum numbers can also be reduced, although there can never be fewer than five. The hookers binds with their props, the locks bind each other and their front row,

Scrum (rugby union)

his job was to feed the ball into the scrum. Wing forwards were frequently accused of obstructing the opposing scrum-half, and this contributed to the International Rugby Football Board, later known as the International Rugby Board (IRB) and now as World Rugby (WR), outlawing a two-man front row. Until the second half of the 20th century there were many configurations of scrum; including 3-2-3, 3-4-1 and 3-3-2. The 1906 Springboks became "the first national team to utilize the 3-4-1 formation". South Africans credit Springbok Fairy Heatlie for developing the 3-4-1 formation in 1901 at the Villagers Rugby Club in Cape

Rugby union

who gained the penalty throws the ball in. Both sides compete for the ball and players may lift their teammates. A jumping player cannot be tackled until they stand and only shoulder-to-shoulder contact is allowed; deliberate infringement of this law is dangerous play, and results in a penalty kick. A scrum is a way of restarting the game safely and fairly after a minor infringement. It is awarded when the ball has been knocked or passed forward, if a player takes the ball over his own try line and puts the ball down, when a player is accidentally offside or

Scrum (rugby)

the scrum. The scrum-half (7) (also known as the halfback) of the team that did not commit the forward pass, knock-on or cause the ball to go out of play over the touch line puts the ball into the scrum through the tunnel formed by the front rows of each set of forwards meeting. When the ball bursts or the referee interferes with the ball, the team that had possession at the time is the one to put the ball into the scrum. Both teams may attempt to secure the ball while it is in the scrum by "hooking" for

Scrum (rugby)

the ball directly under the legs of their own front row rather than into the tunnel, and the team with the put-in usually retains possession (thereby making the 40/20 rule workable). A rugby union scrum consists of two teams' eight forwards, with each team binding in three rows. The front row is composed of the two "props" and the "hooker". The two "second row" forwards (jersey numbers four and five), commonly referred to as the locks bind together and directly behind the front row with each putting their heads between the props and the hooker. Lastly the back row is

Scrum (rugby)

made up of the two "flankers" and the number eight. The flankers bind on each side of the scrum — next to a lock and behind a prop. The two forward packs form a scrum by approaching to within an arms length of each other. The referee gives the command "crouch" and the opposing front rows then crouch. Then the referee calls "touch" and props touch the opposites outside shoulder. The referee then issues the "set" command which indicates that the two packs may come together. When this happens both front rows thrust forward with the tighthead props' heads going

Rugby union gameplay

the ball has crossed the goal-line during a scrum an attacking player may legally ground it. Scrums are one of the most dangerous phases in rugby, since a collapse or improper engage can lead to a front row player damaging or even breaking his neck. For this reason, only trained players may play in the front row to help avoid injuries. If a team is without sufficient specialist front row players, for example because of injury or sin-binning, all scrums may be "uncontested scrums". In this situation, the packs engage, but do not push, and the team that still puts


Question: "What is the real name of ""Baby Spice"" of the Spice Girls, whose 2007 single ""All I Need to Know"" was the lowest-charting single of her solo career?"

Free Me Part II
free me part ii
emma lee bunton
Baby Spice
baby spice
Emma Lee Bunton
Emma Buntons Fourth Album
emma bunton
emma buntons fourth album
Emma Bunton

Emma Bunton

second single from it was "All I Need to Know", on 12 February 2007, intended for Valentine's Day. Bunton shot the video around Old Street in East London, in the week before Christmas 2006. Entering the UK Singles Chart at 60, second single "All I Need to Know" became the lowest-charting single of Bunton's solo career. Due to Bunton's pregnancy all forms of promotion were cancelled after a few months. In 2007, the Spice Girls re-grouped and announced plans to tour as a quintet for the last time for a The Return of the Spice Girls, from which they were

Geri Halliwell

countries, becoming the best-selling single by an all-female group of all time. It was followed by nine further number-one singles from their albums "Spice", "Spiceworld", and "Forever". Each member of the group received a nickname from the media. Halliwell was named "Ginger Spice". Other successful releases followed, including "Say You'll Be There" and "2 Become 1" from "Spice", and "Spice Up Your Life", "Too Much", and "Viva Forever" from "Spiceworld". On 31 May 1998, Halliwell announced that she had left the Spice Girls due to depression and differences between the group. The first official confirmation was an announcement to the

Spice (musician)

managed by Mr. Lexx's former manager Earlton Clarke for two years. During this early stage of her career, Spice went on to gain a reputation for her performing abilities, despite not having any hit record. While on tour in England in 2002, Spice earned the attention of Baby Cham, who later introduced her to producer Dave Kelly. From there, she released a string of singles for Kelly's record label Madhouse Records, including her first single for Madhouse entitled "Complain (Mi Gone)", then followed by her singles on the Bad Gal riddim, "Right There" featuring Toi and "Hype". At that time,

1998 in British music

they were signed to Madonna's U.S. label Maverick Records. Success was made easy for The All Saints and B*Witched because of the declining career of the Spice Girls. Their third release from their second album, "Spiceworld", "Stop" was a minimal hit in the US and became their first single to fail to top the UK charts, ending the run of consecutive #1's at 6. To make matters worse for them, Geri Halliwell (also known as Ginger Spice) announced her departure from the group on 31 May after missing various concerts and an appearance on the national lottery. Their final release

Emma Bunton

in the United Kingdom. In the weeks leading up to the release, the video for "Wannabe", got a trial airing on The Box music channel. The song proved to be a global hit, reaching number 1 in 35 countries. and becoming the biggest-selling single by an all-female group of all time. It was followed by nine further number-one singles from their albums "Spice", "Spiceworld" and "Forever". Each member of the group received a nickname from the media. Bunton was named "Baby Spice". Other successful releases followed, including "Say You'll Be There" and "2 Become 1" from "Spice", and "Spice Up

Spice Girls

Children in Need charity single for 2007 and was released 5 November. The first public appearance on stage by the Spice Girls occurred at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, where the group performed at the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show. They performed two songs, 1998 single "Stop" and the lead single from their greatest hits album, "Headlines (Friendship Never Ends)". The show was filmed by CBS on 15 November 2007 for broadcast on 4 December 2007. They also performed both songs live for the BBC Children in Need telethon on 16 November 2007 from Los Angeles. The release of "Headlines (Friendship

Spice Girls

single, "Wannabe". Spice Girls The Spice Girls are an English pop girl group formed in 1994. The group comprised Melanie Brown ("Scary Spice"), Melanie Chisholm ("Sporty Spice"), Emma Bunton ("Baby Spice"), Geri Halliwell ("Ginger Spice"), and Victoria Beckham, née Adams ("Posh Spice"). They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single "Wannabe" in 1996, which hit number one in 37 countries and established their global success. Their debut album "Spice" sold more than 31 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history. Their follow-up album, "Spiceworld" sold over 20 million copies worldwide. The

Victoria Beckham

went to number one in the United Kingdom and United States, and another 35 countries. It was followed by eight further number one singles from their albums "Spice", "Spiceworld" and "Forever". Each member of the group received a nickname from the media and Beckham was named "Posh Spice". The group is the best-selling female group of all time, selling over 80 million records worldwide. After the release of their third album, "Forever", which charted at number two in the UK but was far less successful than their previous two albums, the Spice Girls stopped recording, concentrating on their solo careers

Spice (musician)

Spice (musician) Grace Latoya Hamilton (born 6 August 1982), known professionally as Spice, is a Jamaican dancehall recording artist, singer and songwriter. Beginning her career in the early 2000s, she had her first major success with the controversial single "Romping Shop" with Vybz Kartel in 2009. Spice's debut EP "So Mi Like It", which included the hit single of the same name, was released in 2014 through VP Records. In 2018, she joined the cast of VH1's reality television series "". Later that year, she released her first full-length project, a mixtape titled "Captured", which debuted at number one on

Children in Need 2007

shown in the run up to the 2007 event, this year featuring celebrity hairdresser Lee Stafford. The winner was Ninia Benjamin with Aled Haydn Jones as the runner up. On 5 October 2007, whilst in an interview with Scott Mills on BBC Radio 1, Melanie C announced that the new Spice Girls single would be called "Headlines (Friendship Never Ends)". On the same day, Geri Halliwell announced the news on GMTV. The single was released on 19 November 2007 in aid of the 2007 Children In Need Appeal. Lee Mead, winner of BBC One's "Any Dream Will Do" search for

Spice Girls discography

currently the seventh overall biggest group of all time, with 8 million singles sold in the UK. Spice Girls discography English girl group Spice Girls has released three studio albums, one compilation album, 11 singles and 18 music videos. Formed in 1994, the group was made up of singers Victoria Beckham ("Posh Spice"), Geri Halliwell ("Ginger Spice"), Emma Bunton ("Baby Spice"), Melanie Brown ("Scary Spice") and Melanie Chisholm ("Sporty Spice"). The Spice Girls' debut single, "Wannabe", was released by Virgin Records in the United Kingdom in July 1996. It went to number one in 31 countries worldwide and became the

Geri Halliwell

media by her solicitor on 31 May. Her action aroused controversy, her former group being due to embark on a North American tour, which they eventually completed without her. Although she had already left the group, the Spice Girls released "Viva Forever", the final music video to feature Halliwell's likeness, plus a one-off supergroup called England United for the official England FC song (Jo Whiley introduced the band saying "...plus Geri as a substitute"). After she left, the other girls co-wrote a few songs about her, which appeared on their album "Forever": "Goodbye", "Tell Me Why", and "Let Love Lead

Spice Girls

Spice Girls The Spice Girls are an English pop girl group formed in 1994. The group comprised Melanie Brown ("Scary Spice"), Melanie Chisholm ("Sporty Spice"), Emma Bunton ("Baby Spice"), Geri Halliwell ("Ginger Spice"), and Victoria Beckham, née Adams ("Posh Spice"). They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single "Wannabe" in 1996, which hit number one in 37 countries and established their global success. Their debut album "Spice" sold more than 31 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history. Their follow-up album, "Spiceworld" sold over 20 million copies worldwide. The Spice Girls

Spice (musician)

she was featured on Jimmy Cliff's "I Want I Do I Get" from his album "Black Magic" (2004) and on Beenie Man's "Hot" from his album "Concept of Life" (2006). For her first hit single, Spice versioned the popular Eighty Five riddim to create "Fight Over Man", which became popular in the dancehall. In late 2008, Spice collaborated with fellow dancehall artist Vybz Kartel on the single "Romping Shop", which samples "Miss Independent" by Ne-Yo. The song quickly achieved international recognition, debuting on the "Billboard" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and receiving immense rotation on mainstream urban stations, including HOT 97

Lulu (singer)

The single reached #1 on the UK Singles Chart and Lulu appeared as Take That's supporting act on their 1994 tour. At this time she also appeared as an unhappy public relations client of Edina Monsoon in two episodes of the BBC television programme "Absolutely Fabulous" and teamed with French and Saunders many times, including their send up of the Spice Girls (the Sugar Lumps) for Comic Relief in 1997, when she took the role of "Baby Spice", mimicking Emma Bunton. An album, provisionally titled "Where the Poor Boys Dance", was completed in late-1997 and due for release in early-1998

Spice (musician)

signed to VP Records for a multi-album deal. She again received the "Female Deejay of the Year" award at the 2010 EME Awards. Her single "Slim vs. Fluffy" featuring dancehall artist Pamputtae peaked at number 1 on the Canadian Dancehall/Reggae Singles charts. That year she also released her single "Jim Screechie". In 2011, Spice was featured on Gappy Ranks's "Whatever We Like", released as a bonus track on his album "Thanks & Praise". She later released a remix for her song "Fun" featuring rapper Missy Elliott and collaborated with Mýa on the single "Take Him Out" from Mýa's sixth album

Spice (album)

worldwide, becoming the best-selling album in music history by a girl group and one of the most successful albums of all time. Five singles were released from the album. The first single, "Wannabe", became a worldwide success and went to number one in 35 countries, one of the best-selling singles of all time and selling over six million copies worldwide. The next two singles, "Say You'll Be There" and "2 Become 1", reached number one in 53 countries. "Who Do You Think You Are" was released as the official Comic Relief single in the UK as a double A-side with

Greatest Hits (Spice Girls album)

Buenos Aires were cancelled. The album's only single, "Headlines (Friendship Never Ends)", was released on radio on 23 October, whilst released digitally on 5 November and commercially on 19 November 2007. It was also announced as the official Children in Need charity single for 2007. Spice Girls member Geri Halliwell described the song as a "big love song" and "a Spice Girl classic". "Headlines (Friendship Never Ends)" peaked at number 11 in the United Kingdom. However, the single managed to go to number three on the UK Physical Singles Chart. Credits adapted from the liner notes of "Greatest Hits". Greatest

Let Your Head Go

the name of "Posh Spice Victoria Beckham". The release was proposed for sometime between March to May 2004, but never eventuated. With the UK media describing her solo music career a failure, combined with a rumoured fall-out between Dash and Fuller, her hip hop album, "Come Together", was not released. She was dismissed from Telstar when the company became bankrupt, and gave up music to focus her fashion career. "Let Your Head Go" is a dance-pop song. The song's lyrics speak about letting oneself go in the form of dancing to music, or to feel free with music (to "let

Spice Girls

In 1999, they were ranked sixth in "Forbes"' inaugural Celebrity 100 Power Ranking. They produced a total of nine number one singles in the UK—tied with ABBA behind Take That (eleven), The Shadows (twelve), Madonna (thirteen), Westlife (fourteen), Cliff Richard (fourteen), The Beatles (seventeen), and Elvis Presley (twenty-one). The group had three consecutive Christmas number-one singles in the UK ("2 Become 1", 1996; "Too Much", 1997; "Goodbye", 1998); they only share this record with The Beatles. Their first single, "Wannabe", is the most successful song released by an all-female group. Debuting on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart at number


Question: What is the minimum number of points needed to win a tiebreak in tennis, such as in the Hopman Cup for mixed doubles, on the ATP and WTA tours for doubles and sometmes in USTA league play?

Tennis scoring system

tiebreaker" and "best-seven-of-12-points tiebreaker". The first lasts a maximum of 9 points, and awards victory in the set to whichever player or team first reaches 5 points – even if the other player or team already has 4; the margin of victory can be a single point. Because this "9-point" tiebreaker "must" end after a maximum of 9 points, even if neither player or team has a 2-point (or greater) margin, Van Alen also called it a "sudden-death tiebreaker" (If and when the score reached four points all, both players faced simultaneous set point and/or match point.). This type of

Outlaw Tennis

5-5, the player must then win by two games, however at 6-6, a tiebreak is played to determine who wins the set. The tiebreak rules are the first player to reach seven points win the tiebreak and set, at 6 points all, the player who wins two consecutive points wins the tiebreak and the set. -The Games per set option allows the player to choose the number of games to win a set. The minimum is two games and the maximum is 6. -Sets per Match determines how many sets are in the match. As with typical tennis, you can

Tennis scoring system

is won 7–5 (or 5-7). If the trailing player wins the game, the score is tied at 6–6 and a special tiebreaker game is played. The winner of the tiebreak wins the set by a score of 7–6 (or 6-7). The tiebreak is sometimes not employed for the final set of a match and an advantage set is used instead. Therefore, the deciding set must be played until one player or team has won two more games than the opponent. This is true in two of the four major tennis championships. The exceptions are the [[US Open (tennis)|US Open]], where

Tennis scoring system

score is tied at 6–6, a tie-break game (or tiebreaker) is played. Typically, the tie-break game continues until one player wins seven points by a margin of two or more points. However, many tie-break games are played with different tiebreak point requirements, such as 8 or 10 points. Often, a 7-point tie-breaker is played when the set score is tied at 6-6 to determine who wins the set. The score of games within a set is counted in the ordinary manner, except when a player or team has a score of no games it is read as "love". The score

Tennis scoring system

of the players could achieve a match victory by winning it. In 1979, Wimbledon changed their rules so that a (12-point) tiebreak would be played once any set except the final set reached 6–6 in games. In 1989, the Davis Cup adopted the tie-break in all sets except for the final set, and then extended it to the final set starting in 2016. In 2001, the Australian Open replaced the deciding third set of mixed doubles with an eighteen-point "match tiebreak" (first to ten points and win by two points wins the match). Despite some criticism of the change by

Tennis

Grigor Dimitrov

Grigor Dimitrov

Grigor Dimitrov (, ; born 16 May 1991) is a Bulgarian professional tennis player. He has been ranked as high as world No. 3 in singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), which he first achieved on 20 November 2017, making him the highest-ranked Bulgarian player in history. Dimitrov achieved the ranking after winning the biggest title of his career at the season-ending ATP Finals. He has won eight ATP Tour singles titles to date.

Prior to his professional career, Dimitrov enjoyed a successful junior career, in which he reached the world No. 1 ranking and won consecutive major boys' singles titles at the 2008 Wimbledon Championships and the 2008 US Open. In October 2013 at the Stockholm Open, Dimitrov became the first Bulgarian man to win an ATP Tour singles title. As of the 2022 US Open, he is the male player with the longest active streak of consecutive Grand Slam appearances, at 47.

Dimitrov is the first (and only) Bulgarian male tennis player to reach a final in doubles (in 2011), and to reach the fourth round or better at a major in singles. Dimitrov is the first Bulgarian to qualify for the ATP Finals, which he won in 2017. and on 18 October 2021 became the 25th male tennis player ever to win $20m. He won the Bulgarian Sportsperson of the Year award in 2014 and 2017, the first and second time a tennis player has won the award since its creation in 1958, and the Balkan Athlete of the Year award in 2017.
Section::::Early life.
Dimitrov was born in Haskovo, Bulgaria to Dimitar, a tennis coach, and mother Maria, a sports teacher and former volleyball player, in 1991. He first held a tennis racket, given to him by his mother, at the age of three,<ref name="ATP_bio"/> and when he was five he began to play daily. In his early years his father served as his coach, but after the young Bulgarian proved his talent in the tournaments for juniors, he made it clear that he would have to develop in other conditions. At the age of 16, Dimitrov turned professional.

In 2007, Dimitrov joined the academy "Sanchez-Casal", where he was further trained under the leadership of Emilio Sánchez and Pato Álvarez. Since March 2009 Dimitrov trained in Paris, France, where he joined Patrick Mouratoglou's Tennis Academy and spent the next four seasons there and he appointed Patrick Moratoglou as coach for 2012.

Naomi Osaka

Mardy Fish

Mardy Fish

Mardy Simpson Fish (born December 9, 1981) is an American former professional tennis player. He was a hardcourt specialist. He is one of several American tennis players who rose to prominence in the early 2000s.Fish won six tournaments on the main ATP Tour and reached the final of four Masters Series events: Cincinnati in 2003 and 2010, Indian Wells in 2008, and Montreal in 2011. His best results at Grand Slam tournaments are reaching the quarterfinals of the 2007 Australian Open, the 2008 US Open, and the 2011 Wimbledon Championships. At the 2004 Summer Olympic Games, Fish reached the final in the men's singles, losing to Nicolás Massú.In April 2011, Fish overtook compatriot Andy Roddick to become the American No. 1 in the ATP rankings, reaching a career-high singles ranking of world No. 7 in August 2011. He then played in the year-end tournament for the only time in his career. He retired after the 2015 US Open. In January 2019, Fish replaced Jim Courier as captain of the United States Davis Cup team.

Sloane Stephens

Sloane Stephens

Sloane Stephens (born March 20, 1993) is an American professional tennis player. She achieved a career-best ranking of world No. 3 after Wimbledon in 2018. Stephens was the 2017 US Open champion, and has won seven WTA Tour singles titles in total.

Born to athletic parents with backgrounds in collegiate swimming and professional American football, Stephens was introduced to tennis at the club across the street from her house in Fresno, California. Her stepfather was a competitive recreational tennis player and was her primary inspiration for beginning to play the sport. Stephens moved to Florida to train at a tennis academy, ultimately working with Nick Saviano. She became a promising junior player, reaching an ITF junior ranking of world No. 5 and winning three out of four major girls' doubles titles in 2010 with her partner Tímea Babos.

While 19 years old, Stephens rose to prominence at the 2013 Australian Open with a semifinal run beating world No. 3, Serena Williams. Although she reached No. 11 towards the end of 2013, she regressed and stayed outside the top 25 to the end of 2015. She switched to a new coach, Kamau Murray, under whom she returned to elite level and won three WTA titles in the first half of 2016. Her successful year was cut short by a foot injury that kept her out for months.

She returned from injury in the middle of 2017 and won the US Open singles title in her fifth tournament back. She was also awarded WTA Comeback Player of the Year for her successful season. In 2018, she continued her success by winning her first Premier Mandatory title at the Miami Open, reaching a second Grand Slam singles final at the French Open, entering the top 10 for the first time, and finishing runner-up at the WTA Finals.

Tennis scoring system

if the score is 6 points to 5 points and the player with 6 points wins the next point, he or she wins the tiebreak and the set. If the player with 5 points wins the point, the tiebreak continues and cannot be won on the next point, since no player will be two points better. In the scoring of the set, sometimes the tiebreak points are included as well as the game count, for example 7–6. Another way of listing the score of the tiebreak is to list only the loser's points. For example, if the set score is

Tennis scoring system

women's final on the second Saturday of the event; therefore a tie-break was more prudent where player rest and scheduling is more important. At a score of 6–6, a set is often determined by one more game called a "twelve point tiebreaker". Only one more game is played to determine the winner of the set; the score of the set is always 7–6 (or 6–7). Points are counted using ordinary numbering. The set is decided by the player who wins at least seven points in the tiebreak but also has two points more than his or her opponent. For example,

Tennis scoring system

listed as 7–6, the tiebreak score was 10–8 (since 8 is the loser's points, and the winner must win by two points). Similarly, 7–6 means the tiebreak score was 7–3. The player who would normally be serving after 6–6 is the one to serve first in the tiebreak, and the tiebreak is considered a service game for this player. The server begins his or her service from the [[deuce court]] and serves one point. After the first point, the serve changes to the first server's opponent. Each player then serves two consecutive points for the remainder of the tiebreak. The

Tennis scoring system

the United States Tennis Association. Scoring is the same, but end changes take place after the first point and then after every four points. This approach allows the servers of doubles teams to continue serving from the same end of the court as during the body of the set. It also reduces the advantage the elements (e.g. wind and sun) could give playing the first six points of a seven-point tiebreak on one side of the court. The tiebreaker – more recently shortened to just "tiebreak", though both terms are still used interchangeably – was invented by [[Jimmy Van Alen

Tennis scoring system

tiebreaker had its Grand Slam debut at 1970 [[US Open (tennis)|US Open]] and was employed there until 1974. Apart from being used for 5 years at US Open it was also used 1 year at Wimbledon and for a while on the Virginia Slims circuit and in American Colleges. The other type of tiebreaker Van Alen introduced is the "12-point" tiebreaker that is most familiar and widely used today. Because it ends as soon as either player or team reaches 7 points – provided that that player or team leads the other at that point by "at least" two points

Tie (draw)

matches, as happens quite frequently if the traditional tennis rule for winning a set is followed. When players reach a score of 6–6 in a set, instead of continuing the set until one opponent wins with a two-game difference, a special game is played to decide the winner of the set; the winner is the first to reach at least seven points with a difference of two over the opponent. This however does not apply to the 5th set of matches at the Australian Open, French Open, and Wimbledon Championships; allowing the total number of games in a match to

Tennis scoring system

Sets decided by tiebreakers, however, are typically significantly shorter than extended advantage sets. The set is won by the first player (or team) to have won at least six games and at least two games more than his or her opponent. Traditionally, sets would be played until both these criteria had been met, with no maximum number of games. To shorten matches, [[Jimmy Van Alen|James Van Alen]] created a tie-breaker system, which was widely introduced in the early 1970s. If the score reaches 6–5 (or 5-6), one further game is played. If the leading player wins this game, the set

Tennis scoring system

announces the score in this format (e.g. "advantage Nadal" or "advantage Williams"). In the USTA rule book (but not the ITF rules) there is the comment: ‘"Zero," "one," "two," and "three," may be substituted for "Love," "15," "30," and "40." This is particularly appropriate for matches with an inexperienced player or in which one player does not understand English.’ For tie-breaks the calls are simply the number of points won by each player. The current point score is announced orally before each point by the judge, or by the server if there is no judge. When stating the score, the

Tennis scoring system

the experiment was not continued. Nevertheless, this alternative remains as an acceptable alternative in the ITF rules of Tennis. Another alternative set format is seen in [[World Team Tennis]] where the winner of a set is the first to win five games and a nine-point tie-break is played at 4–4. Most singles matches consist of an odd number of sets, the match winner being the player who wins more than half of the sets. The match ends as soon as this winning condition is met. Men's singles and doubles matches may consist of up to five sets (the winner being

Tennis scoring system

supposedly used in early professional tours. It is commonly utilized in various amateur leagues and high school tennis as a shorter alternative to a best of three match, but longer than a traditional tie-break set. In addition, eight game pro sets were used during doubles for all Division I college dual matches, until the 2014-2015 season. Another alternative set format are so called "short sets" where the first to four games to win by two games. In this format a tie-break is played at four games all. The ITF experimented with this format in low level Davis Cup matches, but

Tennis

game (tying the set 6–6) a "tie-break" is played. A tie-break, played under a separate set of rules, allows one player to win one more game and thus the set, to give a final set score of 7–6. A "love" set means that the loser of the set won zero games, colloquially termed a 'jam donut' in the USA. In tournament play, the chair umpire announces the winner of the set and the overall score. The final score in sets is always read with the winning player's score first, e.g. "6–2, 4–6, 6–0, 7–5". A match consists of a sequence

Tennis

score of 40-love, the player has a triple game point (triple set point, etc.) as the player has three consecutive chances to win the game. Game points, set points, and match points are not part of official scoring and are not announced by the chair umpire in tournament play. A "break point" occurs if the receiver, not the server, has a chance to win the game with the next point. Break points are of particular importance because serving is generally considered advantageous, with servers being expected to win games in which they are serving. A receiver who has one (score

Tennis scoring system

Tie-breaks are not used in the final set in the [[Australian Open]] for singles, the [[French Open]] for singles, [[Wimbledon Championships|Wimbledon]], or the [[Fed Cup]], nor were they used for final sets in [[Davis Cup]] play or the [[Olympics]] before 2016. The [[US Open (tennis)|US Open]] now uses a tiebreak in the final set, both in singles and in doubles, and is the only [[Grand Slam (tennis)|major tournament]] to use a tiebreak in the final set for singles. However, the Australian Open and French Open do now use a final set tiebreak in both men's and women's doubles. While traditional

Tennis scoring system

– it "can" actually be over in as few as 7 points. However, because the winning player or team "must" win by a margin of at least two points, a "12-point" tiebreaker may go beyond 12 points – sometimes [[Longest tiebreaker in tennis|well beyond]]. That is why Van Alen derisively likened it to a "lingering death", in contrast to the 9-point (or fewer) "sudden-death tiebreaker" that he recommended and preferred. The impetus to use "some" kind of a tie-breaking procedure gained force after a monumental 1969 struggle at Wimbledon between [[Pancho Gonzales]] and [[Charlie Pasarell]]. This was a 5-set match

Tennis scoring system

(e.g. 6–3 or 7–5). There is usually a tie-break if the set is tied at six games per player. A match is won when a player or a doubles team wins the majority of prescribed sets. Matches employ either a best-of-three or best-of-five set format. The best-of-five set format is typically only played in the men's singles or doubles matches at Grand Slam and Davis Cup matches. A game consists of a sequence of points played with the same player serving, and is won by the first side to have won at least four points with a margin of two


Question: "The song ""Good Morning To All"", composed by Pattie and Mildred Hill in 1893, is now sung as what?"

Happy birthday to you happy birthday to you

Happy birthday to you, happy birthday to you

happy birthday to you happy birthday to you

Mildred J. Hill

She is buried with her sister in Cave Hill Cemetery in Louisville, Kentucky. Mildred Hill's manuscripts and papers are held by the University of Louisville Music Library in Louisville, Kentucky. While teaching at the Louisville Experimental Kindergarten School, the Hill sisters wrote the song "Good Morning to All"; Mildred wrote the melody, and Patty the lyrics. The song was first published in 1893 in "Song Stories for the Kindergarten" as a greeting song for teachers to sing to their students. "Song Stories for the Kindergarten" had over 20 editions, and the words were translated into French, German, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese,

Mildred J. Hill

question after a judge ruled against the legitimacy of the copyright. Hill and her sister were posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame on June 12, 1996. Mildred J. Hill Mildred Jane Hill (June 27, 1859 – June 5, 1916) was an American songwriter and musicologist, who composed the melody for "Good Morning to All", later used as the melody for "Happy Birthday to You". Mildred Jane Hill, born in Louisville, Kentucky, was the oldest of three sisters, Mildred, Patty, and Jessica. She learned music from her father, Calvin Cody, and Adolph Weidig. It has been reported that Mildred

Mildred J. Hill

Mildred J. Hill Mildred Jane Hill (June 27, 1859 – June 5, 1916) was an American songwriter and musicologist, who composed the melody for "Good Morning to All", later used as the melody for "Happy Birthday to You". Mildred Jane Hill, born in Louisville, Kentucky, was the oldest of three sisters, Mildred, Patty, and Jessica. She learned music from her father, Calvin Cody, and Adolph Weidig. It has been reported that Mildred Hill was a kindergarten and Sunday-school teacher, like her younger sister Patty. Prof. Robert Brauneis, after extensively researching the Hill family, has concluded that she was not a

Happy Birthday to You

the tune is disputed. Patty Hill was a kindergarten principal in Louisville, Kentucky, developing various teaching methods at what is now the Little Loomhouse; her sister Mildred was a pianist and composer. The sisters used "Good Morning to All" as a song that young children would find easy to sing. The combination of melody and lyrics in "Happy Birthday to You" first appeared in print in 1912, and probably existed even earlier. None of the early appearances of the "Happy Birthday to You" lyrics included credits or copyright notices. The Summy Company registered a copyright in 1935, crediting authors Preston

Patty Hill

Morning to All". The tune became even more popular as "Happy Birthday to You" during the 20th century. Hill and her sister Mildred wrote the song (Mildred wrote the tune; Patty wrote the original lyrics) while Mildred was a composer of songs and Patty was principal at the Louisville Experimental Kindergarten School. This kindergarten was an early experiment in modern educational methods, and was honored, along with the Hill sisters, at the Chicago World's Fair in 1893. Patty Smith Hill, who never married, was awarded an honorary doctorate degree by Columbia University in 1929. Hill died at her home in

Happy Birthday to You

the European Union on January 1, 2017. In the United States, a federal court ruled in 2016 that Warner/Chappell's copyright claim was invalid and there was no other claim to copyright. The origins of "Happy Birthday to You" date back to at least the late 19th century, when two sisters, Patty and Mildred J. Hill, introduced the song "Good Morning to All" to Patty's kindergarten class in Kentucky. Years later, in 1893, they published the tune in their songbook "Song Stories for the Kindergarten". Kembrew McLeod stated that the Hill sisters likely copied the tune and lyrical idea from other

Mildred J. Hill

and Swedish. "Happy Birthday to You" first appeared in print in 1912 using the melody of "Good Morning to All" with different lyrics. Its popularity continued to grow through the 1930s, with no author identified for the new lyrics, nor credit given for the melody from "Good Morning to You". Based on 1935 copyright registrations by the Summy Company, and a series of court cases (which all settled out of court), the sisters became known as the authors of "Happy Birthday to You". The Hill Foundation today shares royalties on public performances of the song. However this was brought into

History of Louisville, Kentucky

in U.S. history. In 1893, two Louisville sisters, Patty and Mildred J. Hill, both schoolteachers, wrote the song "Good Morning to All" for their kindergarten class. The song did not become popular, and the lyrics were later changed to the more recognizable, "Happy Birthday to You". This is now the most performed song in the English language. Also in 1893, the Louisville Presbyterian Seminary was founded, building a handsome campus at First and Broadway downtown (now occupied by Jefferson Community College). Eight years later, it absorbed an older Presbyterian seminary in Danville, Kentucky. In 1963 Louisville Seminary relocated to a

Jennifer Nelson (filmmaker)

a scheduled ruling, Nelson's attorneys Betsy Manifold and Mark Rifkin presented new evidence which they argued was conclusive proof that the song was in the public domain, "thus making it unnecessary for the Court to decide the scope or validity of the disputed copyrights, much less whether Patty Hill abandoned any copyright she may have had to the lyrics." Several weeks prior, they had been given access to documents held back from them by Warner/Chappell, which included a copy of the 15th edition of "The Everyday Song Book", published in 1927. The book contained "Good Morning and Happy Birthday", but

Happy Birthday to You

Andrew Byers, Bessie L. Byrum and Anna E. Koglin, published the song in 1918. In 1924, Robert Coleman included "Good Morning to All" in a songbook with the birthday lyrics as a second verse. Coleman also published "Happy Birthday" in "The American Hymnal" in 1933. In 1935, several specific piano arrangements and an unused second verse of "Happy Birthday to You" were copyrighted as a work for hire crediting Preston Ware Orem for the piano arrangements and Mrs. R. R. Forman for the lyrics by the Summy Company, the publisher of "Good Morning to All". This served as the legal

Morning Has Broken

popularity of this recording. It reached number six on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100, number one on the U.S. easy listening chart in 1972, and number four on the Canadian "RPM" Magazine charts. The hymn originally appeared in the second edition of "Songs of Praise" (published in 1931), to the tune "Bunessan", composed in the Scottish Islands. In "Songs of Praise Discussed", the editor, Percy Dearmer, explains that as there was need for a hymn to give thanks for each day, English poet and children's author Eleanor Farjeon had been "asked to make a poem to fit the lovely Scottish

Happy Birthday to You

as the final four lines of Edith Goodyear Alger's poem "Roy's Birthday", published in her book "A Primer of Work and Play", copyrighted by D. C. Heath in 1901, with no reference to the words being sung. The first book including "Happy Birthday" lyrics set to the tune of "Good Morning to All" that bears a date of publication is from 1911 in "The Elementary Worker and His Work", but earlier references exist to a song called "Happy Birthday to You" including an article from 1901 in the "Inland Educator and Indiana School Journal". "Children's Praise and Worship", edited by

Patty Hill

Patty Hill Patty Smith Hill (March 27, 1868 – May 25, 1946) was a composer and teacher who is perhaps best known for co-writing, with her sister Mildred Hill, the tune which later became popular as "Happy Birthday to You". She was an American nursery school, kindergarten teacher, and key founder of the National Association for Nursery Education (NANE) which now exists as the National Association For the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). Patty Smith Hill was born in 1868 in Anchorage, Kentucky, just outside Louisville. Her parents were passionate people who instilled in Patty and her siblings the importance

Happy Birthday to You

popular and similar nineteenth-century songs that predated theirs, including Horace Waters' "Happy Greetings to All", "Good Night to You All" also from 1858, "A Happy New Year to All" from 1875, and "A Happy Greeting to All", published 1885. However, American law professor Robert Brauneis disputes this, noting that these earlier songs had quite different melodies. It is likely that teachers and students spontaneously adapted the published version of "Good Morning to All" to celebrate birthdays in the classroom, changing the lyrics to "Happy Birthday" in the process. The complete text of "Happy Birthday to You" first appeared in print

Some Sunday Morning

by Helen Forrest and Dick Haymes, peaking at No. 9 on the Billboard chart. The Jerome-Heindorf-Koehler tune was sung by Sylvester the Cat in the 1948 Merrie Melodies cartoon "Back Alley Oproar", by Clint Walker and Joan Weldon in the 1957 "Cheyenne" episode "The Conspirators", and by Peggy King in the 1959 "Maverick" episode "The Strange Journey of Jenny Hill". Some Sunday Morning "Some Sunday Morning" is the title of two well-known American songs. The first has music written by Richard A. Whiting with lyrics by Gus Kahn and Raymond B. Egan, and was recorded by Ada Jones and Billy

Rudy Vallée

In 1967 he recorded a new record album called "Hi-Ho Everybody." It was produced by Snuff Garrett and Ed Silvers for Dot Records on its Viva label; arranged by Al Capps. The engineers were Dave Hassinger and Henry Leroy. Included on the album were songs: "Winchester Cathedral", "Michelle", "My Blue Heaven", "Sweetheart of Sigma Chi", "Who Likes Good Pop Music?", "Bluebird", "Who", "Lady Godiva", "Mame", "The Whiffenpoof Song", "Strangers in The Night", and "One of Those Songs". According to George P. Oslin, Vallée on July 28th, 1933 was the recipient of the first ever singing telegram; a fan had telegraphed

Patty Hill

New York City, and is buried in Cave Hill Cemetery, Louisville, Kentucky. She and Mildred J. Hill were posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame on June 12, 1996. Patty Hill Patty Smith Hill (March 27, 1868 – May 25, 1946) was a composer and teacher who is perhaps best known for co-writing, with her sister Mildred Hill, the tune which later became popular as "Happy Birthday to You". She was an American nursery school, kindergarten teacher, and key founder of the National Association for Nursery Education (NANE) which now exists as the National Association For the Education of

Some Sunday Morning

Some Sunday Morning "Some Sunday Morning" is the title of two well-known American songs. The first has music written by Richard A. Whiting with lyrics by Gus Kahn and Raymond B. Egan, and was recorded by Ada Jones and Billy Murray in 1917. <br> The second has music by M.K. Jerome and Ray Heindorf, with lyrics by Ted Koehler, and was introduced in the 1945 film "San Antonio" by Alexis Smith.. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1945 but lost out to “It Might as Well Be Spring”. It was also recorded that year

To You Sweetheart, Aloha

category for Best Vocal Performance, Male. The winner was Perry Como for "Catch a Falling Star". "Ka-Lu-A" originated in the 1921 musical "Good Morning, Dearie" and reached number three on the charts the following year as a duet between Elsie Baker (who was credited as Edna Brown) and Elliott Shaw. "Aloha ‘Oe (Farewell to Thee)" charted for one week at number 10 as an instrumental recording by Ferera's Hawaiian Instrumental Quintet in 1924. "Song of the Islands" first charted as an instrumental recording by Wayne King & His Orchestra that peaked at number 12 in 1930, and then as a

Gentleman ranker

1900s. It became associated with one collegiate a cappella group in particular, The Whiffenpoofs of Yale. Their historian states that the song was known "as far back as 1902" and was popular by 1907–1909. The words were famously adapted by Meade Minnigerode and George Pomeroy to become "The Whiffenpoof Song". In turn, it has been covered by many singers, including Bing Crosby and Rudy Vallee. James Jones's award-winning 1951 bestseller "From Here to Eternity", about American soldiers in Hawaii on the eve of the U.S. entry into World War II, takes its title from Kipling's poem. In Robert Heinlein's novel


Question: What was the name given to the largest alluvial gold nugget discovered by John Deason and Richard Oates at Moliagul, Victoria, Australia on 5 February 1869?

Welcome stranger
Welcome Stranger
richard oates
John Deason
Richard Oates
john deason
welcome stranger
welcome stranger nugget
Welcome Stranger nugget

Welcome Stranger

Welcome Stranger The Welcome Stranger is the biggest alluvial gold nugget found, which had a calculated refined weight of 3,123 oz (214.1 lbs) 6 dwts 9 gr (97.14 kg). It measured and was discovered by prospectors John Deason and Richard Oates on 5 February 1869 at Moliagul, Victoria, Australia, about 9 miles (14.6 kilometres) north-west of Dunolly. Found only below the surface, near the base of a tree on a slope leading to what was then known as Bulldog Gully, the nugget had a gross weight of (293 1/2 lbs 1 1/2 oz). Its trimmed weight was (210 lbs), and

Gold nugget

world: the Welcome Stranger with the Canaã nugget being the largest surviving natural nugget. Considered by most authorities to be the biggest gold nugget ever found, the Welcome Stranger was found at Moliagul, Victoria, Australia in 1869 by John Deason and Richard Oates. It weighed gross, over and returned over net. The Welcome Stranger is sometimes confused with the similarly named Welcome Nugget, which was found in June 1858 at Bakery Hill, Ballarat, Australia by the Red Hill Mining Company. The Welcome weighed . It was melted down in London in November 1859. The Canaã nugget, also known as the

Kingower, Victoria

ounces. The Blanche Barkly remains the third largest gold nugget ever discovered to this day. The discovery of the nearby Inglewood goldfield drained Kingower of most of its population in 1859. From then onward, only a small number of diggers continued "working the field," despite large nuggets still being unearthed from time to time. In 1980, Kevin Hillier was fossicking in the forest behind the old Kingower school house when he came across the 875 ounce 'Hand of Faith' nugget. The nugget was sold to the Golden Nugget Casino in Las Vegas for over US$1 million and remains the largest

Welcome Nugget

had a roughly indented surface. It was assayed by William Birkmyre of the Port Phillip Gold Company and given its name by finder Richard Jeffery. Eclipsed by the discovery of the larger Welcome Stranger eleven years later in 1869 (also in Victoria), it remains the second largest gold nugget ever found. The finders had been among the first to introduce steam-driven machinery into the field at Ballarat and had looked first at nearby Creswick with no luck. Their luck changed at Bakery Hill, however, and several smaller nuggets weighing from 12 to 45 troy ounces had been uncovered before they

Gold nugget

the early 1850s produced a number of large nuggets. They include the Welcome Nugget which weighed which is considered to be the second largest gold nugget ever found. Another find, the Lady Hotham, which weighed , was found by a group of nine miners on September 8, 1854 in Canadian Gully, Ballarat at a depth of 135 feet. The Lady Hotham was named after the wife of the Governor, Sir Charles Hotham who happened to be visiting the area when the nugget was found. Eighteen months earlier, in January and early February 1853, three other large nuggets weighing , ,

Welcome Stranger

Welcome Stranger

The Welcome Stranger is the biggest alluvial gold nugget that has ever been found, which had a calculated refined weight of . It measured and was discovered by prospectors John Deason and Richard Oates on 5 February 1869 at Moliagul, Victoria, Australia, about 14.6 kilometres (9 miles) north-west of Dunolly.

Gold nugget

Gold nugget

A gold nugget is a naturally occurring piece of native gold. Watercourses often concentrate nuggets and finer gold in placers. Nuggets are recovered by placer mining, but they are also found in residual deposits where the gold-bearing veins or lodes are weathered. Nuggets are also found in the tailings piles of previous mining operations, especially those left by gold mining dredges.

Welcome Nugget

Welcome Nugget The Welcome Nugget was the name given to a large gold nugget, weighing 2,217 troy ounces 16 pennyweight. (68.98 kg), that was discovered by a group of twenty-two Cornish miners at the Red Hill Mining Company site at Bakery Hill (near the present intersection of Mair and Humffray Street) in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, on June 9, 1858. It was located in the roof of a tunnel 55 metres (180 feet) underground. Roughly shaped like a horse's head, it measured around 49 cm (18 in) long by 15 cm (6 in) wide and 15 cm (6 in) high, and

Gold nugget

found at the Serra Pelada region. The largest gold nugget found using a metal detector is the Hand of Faith, weighing , found in Kingower, Victoria, Australia in 1980. Historic large specimens include the crystalline "Fricot Nugget", weighing — the largest one found during the California Gold Rush. It is on display at the California State Mining and Mineral Museum. The largest gold nugget ever found in California weighed . It was found in August 1869 in Sierra Buttes by five partners — W.A. Farish, A. Wood, J. Winstead, F.N.L. Clevering and Harry Warner. The Victoria, Australia gold rush of

Blanche Barkly

Blanche Barkly The Blanche Barkly was a gold nugget found in Kingower, Victoria, named for the daughter of the governor of the colony at the time. Weighing 1743 oz (49.4 kg), it was discovered on August 27, 1857 at a depth of 13 feet (3.96 m) by Samuel & Charles Napier and Robert & James Ambrose. It was, at the time, the largest gold nugget ever discovered and remains the third-largest discovered. The nugget measured 2'4" (71 cm) long, 10" (25 cm) wide and varied from 1" to 2" (2.5 – 5 cm) in thickness and was valued at between

Australian gold rushes

place by 15 May 1851. Before 14 May 1851 gold was already flowing from Bathurst to Sydney, an example being when Edward Austin brought to Sydney a nugget of gold worth £35, which had been found in the Bathurst District. In 1872 a large gold and quartz "Holtermann Nugget" discovered by the night shift in a mine part owned by Bernhardt Holtermann at Hill End, near Bathurst, New South Wales: the largest specimen of reef gold ever found, 1.5 meters (59 inches) long, weighing 286 kg (630 pounds), in Hill End, near Bathurst, and with an estimated gold content of

Welcome Nugget

Museum of Victoria, as well as the Powerhouse Museum, who purchased their model in 1885. Models are also a feature of two displays in Ballarat, the Pioneer Miners (Gold) Monument on the corner of Sturt and Albert Streets in Ballarat Central (1951) and at The Gold Museum opposite Sovereign Hill at Golden Point. In the United States, a replica of the "Welcome Nugget" is exhibited in the Mineralogical Museum at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Welcome Nugget The Welcome Nugget was the name given to a large gold nugget, weighing 2,217 troy ounces 16 pennyweight. (68.98 kg), that was discovered

History of New South Wales

ever discovered in the world, a record that stands today. Found in 1872 at the Star Hope Mine, this single mass of quartz and gold weighed 630 lbs and when crushed produced an estimated 3,000 troy oz (205 lbs or 93 kg) of gold, thus holding more processed gold than from the largest nugget ever found, that being the Welcome Stranger from the Victorian Goldfields. Holtermann recognizing the significance of the find attempted to preserve it by buying it from the Company of which he was one of a number of directors. His efforts were in vain. It is reported

Australian gold rushes

to three years guarding his secret. This gold find was probably at Mangana and that there is a gully there known as Major's Gully. The first payable alluvial gold deposits were reported in Tasmania in 1852 by James Grant at Managa (then known as The Nook) and Tower Hill Creek which began the Tasmanian gold-rushes. The first registered gold strike was made by Charles Gould at Tullochgoram near Fingal and Managa and weighed 2 lb 6ozs. Further small finds were reported during the same year in the vicinity of Nine Mile Springs (Lefroy). In 1854 gold was found at Mt.

Gold nugget

and were also found in Canadian Gully at a depth of . Another nugget, the Heron, was found in 1855 in Golden Gully in the Mount Alexander goldfield. It weighed and was found by a group of inexperienced miners who had received a supposedly empty claim. The miners found the nugget on their second day of digging; the nugget was named after one of the gold commissioners, a Mr. Heron. On 16 January 2013, a large gold nugget was found near the city of Ballarat in Victoria, Australia by an amateur gold prospector. The Y-shaped nugget weighed slightly more than

Hand of Faith

$US1m. The nugget was the second largest nugget found in Australia during the 20th century. There were numerous nuggets found during the Victorian gold rush era, commencing in the 1850s, that were far larger. Hand of Faith The Hand of Faith is a nugget of fine-quality gold that was found by Kevin Hillier using a metal detector near Kingower, Victoria, Australia on 26 September 1980. Weighing 875 troy ounces (27.21 kg, or 72 troy pounds and 11 troy ounces), the gold nugget was only 12 inches below the surface, resting in a vertical position. The announcement of the discovery occurred

Australian gold rushes

is difficult to decide to whom is due the actual commencement of the Ballarat diggings." They also agreed that the prospectors "had been attracted there (Ballarat) by the discoveries in the neighbourhood of Messrs. Esmonds (Clunes) and Hiscock (Buninyong)" and "by attracting great numbers of diggers to the neighbourhood" that "the discovery of Ballarat was but a natural consequence of the discovery of Buninyong". in 1858 the "Welcome Nugget" weighing 2,217 troy ounces 16 pennyweight. (68.98 kg) found at Bakery Hill at Ballarat by a group of 22 Cornish miners working at the mine of the Red Hill Mining Company.

Bernhardt Holtermann

Bernhardt Holtermann Bernhardt Otto Holtermann (29 April 1838 – 29 April 1885) was a successful gold miner, businessman, and politician in Australia. Perhaps his greatest claim to fame is his association with the Holtermann Nugget, the largest gold specimen ever found, long, weighing , in Hill End, near Bathurst, and with an estimated gold content of . Holtermann was born in Hamburg, Germany. He emigrated in 1858 to avoid Prussian military service. He departed Liverpool aboard the ship "Salem" and reached Melbourne in August after a journey lasting 101 days. After working at a variety of jobs, he teamed up

Gold nugget

"Pepita Canaa", was found on September 13, 1983 by miners at the Serra Pelada Mine in the State of Para, Brazil. Weighing gross, and containing of gold, it is among the largest gold nuggets ever found, and is, today, the largest in existence. The main controversy regarding this nugget is that the excavation reports suggest that the existing nugget was originally part of a nugget weighing that broke during excavations. The Canaã nugget is displayed at the Banco Central Museum in Brazil along with the second and third largest nuggets remaining in existence, weighing respectively and , which were also

Bathurst, New South Wales

At its peak had a population of 7 000 people. Hill End's fame is the finding of the 'Holtermann Specimen (Correctly the Beyers Holtermann Specimen)' on the 20 October 1871 being the largest single mass of gold ever discovered in the world, a record that still stands today. Found in 1872 this single mass of quartz and gold weighed 630 lbs and when crushed produced and est. of 3000 troy oz (205 lbs or 93 kg) of gold, thus processed held more gold then the processed gold from largest nugget ever found, that being the Welcome Stranger from the Victorian

Welcome Stranger

He bought a small farm near Moliagul where he lived until he died in 1915, aged 85 years. Richard Oates was born about 1827 at Pendeen in Cornwall. After the 1869 find, Oates returned to the UK and married. He returned to Australia with his wife and they had four children. The Oates family, in 1895, purchased of land at Marong, Victoria, about west of Bendigo, Victoria, which Oates farmed until his death in Marong in 1906, aged 79 years. Welcome Stranger The Welcome Stranger is the biggest alluvial gold nugget found, which had a calculated refined weight of 3,123

Australian gold rushes

over 300 square miles (750 km) was not, however, proclaimed until 4 September 1867, and by the next year the best of the alluvial gold had petered out. This goldrush attracted Chinese diggers to Queensland for the first time. The Chinese miners at Cape River moved to Richard Daintree's newly discovered Oaks Goldfield on the Gilbert River in 1869. The Crocodile Creek (Bouldercombe Gorge) field near Rockhampton was also discovered in 1865. By August 1866 it was reported that there were between 800 and 1,000 men on the field. A new rush took place in March 1867. By 1868 the