4.4BSD Documents

The troff documents are converted to HTML with unroff, a Scheme-based, programmable, extensible troff translator with a back-end for the Hypertext Markup Language. The -me documents do not look good formatted.

The sources are available from the FreeBSD FTP Server with the FTP protocol and the CVSweb script.

Other Unix documents: Unix Seventh Edition Manual, Volume 2.

Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org>, Mar 1997.

Documents of Historical Interest

PSD:1 The Unix Time-Sharing System Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson's original paper about UNIX, reprinted from Communications of the ACM. (encumbered) PSD:2 Unix Implementation Ken Thompson's description of the implementation of the Version 7 kernel and file system. (encumbered) PSD:3 The Unix I/O System Dennis Ritchie's overview of the I/O System of Version 7; still helpful for those writing device drivers. (encumbered) PSD:4 Unix Programming - Second Edition Describes the programming interface to the UNIX version 7 operating system and the standard I/O library. Should be supplemented by Kernighan and Pike, ``The UNIX Programming Environment'', Prentice-Hall, 1984 and especially by the Programmer Reference Manual section 2 (system calls) and 3 (library routines). (encumbered) PSD:5 Berkeley Software Architecture Manual (4.4 Edition) (Postscript, PDF, ASCII) A concise and terse description of the system call interface provided in Berkeley Unix, as revised for 4.4BSD. This will never be a best seller.

Languages in common use

PSD:6 The C Programming Language - Reference Manual Official statement of the syntax of C. Should be supplemented by ``The C Programming Language,'' B.W. Kernighan and D.M. Ritchie, Prentice-Hall, 1978, that contains a tutorial introduction and many examples. (encumbered) PSD:7 Berkeley Pascal User's Manual An implementation of this language popular for learning to program. (Not provided in FreeBSD.) PSD:8 A Portable Fortran 77 Compiler A revised version of the document which originally appeared in Volume 2b of the Bell Labs documentation; this version reflects the work done at Berkeley. (encumbered) PSD:9 Introduction to the f77 I/O Library A description of the revised input/output library for Fortran 77, reflecting work carried out at Berkeley. (Not provided in FreeBSD.)

Programming Tools

Programming Libraries

General Reference

Getting Started

USD:1 Unix for Beginners - Second Edition An introduction to the most basic uses of the system. USD:2 Learn - Computer-Aided Instruction on UNIX (Second Edit) Describes a computer-aided instruction program that walks new users through the basics of files, the editor, and document prepararation software.

Basic Utilities

USD:3 An Introduction to the UNIX Shell Steve Bourne's introduction to the capabilities of sh, a command interpreter especially popular for writing shell scripts. USD:4 An Introduction to the C shell (Postscript, PDF, ASCII) This introduction to csh, (a command interpreter popular for interactive work) describes many commonly used UNIX commands, assumes little prior knowledge of UNIX, and has a glossary useful for beginners. USD:5 DC - An Interactive Desk Calculator A super HP calculator, if you do not need floating point. USD:6 BC - An Arbitrary Precision Desk-Calculator Language A front end for DC that provides infix notation, control flow, and built-in functions.

Communicating with the World

USD:7 Mail Reference Manual (Postscript, PDF, ASCII) Complete details on one of the programs for sending and reading your mail. USD:8 The Rand MH Message Handling System This system for managing your computer mail uses lots of small programs, instead of one large one.

Text Editing

Document Preparation

USD:17 Typing Documents on UNIX: Using the -ms Macros with Troff Describes and gives examples of the basic use of the typesetting tools and ``-ms'', a frequently used package of formatting requests that make it easier to lay out most documents. USD:18 A Revised Version of -ms (Postscript, PDF, ASCII) A brief description of the Berkeley revisions made to the -ms formatting macros for nroff and troff. USD:19 Writing Papers with nroff using -me (Postscript, PDF, ASCII) Another popular macro package for nroff. USD:20 -me Reference Manual (Postscript, PDF, ASCII) The final word on -me. USD:21 NROFF/TROFF User's Manual Extremely detailed information about these document formatting programs. USD:22 A TROFF Tutorial An introduction to the most basic uses of troff for those who really want to know such things, or want to write their own macros. USD:23 A System for Typesetting Mathematics Describes eqn, an easy-to-learn language for high-quality mathematical typesetting. USD:24 Typesetting Mathematics - User's Guide (Second Edition) More details about how to use eqn. USD:25 Tbl - A Program to Format Tables A program for easily typesetting tabular material. USD:26 Refer - A Bibliography System An introduction to one set of tools used to maintain bibliographic databases. The major program, refer, is used to automatically retrieve and format the references based on document citations. USD:27 Some Applications of Inverted Indexes on the UNIX System Mike Lesk's paper describes the refer programs in a somewhat larger context. USD:28 BIB - A Program for Formatting Bibliographies This is an alternative to refer for expanding citations in documents. USD:29 Writing Tools - The STYLE and DICTION Programs These are programs which can help you understand and improve your writing style.

Amusements