How many people sit on a grand jury in Texas?

12

Does a vote have to be unanimous?

Only nine of the 12 must believe there is enough evidence to go forward for someone to be indicted. At trial, though, jury verdicts must be unanimous.

What happens if nine grand jurors don't believe there is enough evidence?

The person isn't indicted, and the case does not go forward. An indictment is called a "true bill." A vote to not indict is called a "no bill." Prosecutors could bring the case back to a grand jury, but usually a "no bill" means the end of a case.

How often do grand juries meet in Dallas County?

Four grand juries operate at the same time in Dallas County. Two meet Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The other two meet Tuesday and Thursday. Typically, a grand jury hears dozens of cases each day. A grand jury meets for three months and then a new grand jury is sworn in. In rare instances, a grand jury could be called just to hear evidence in one particular case.

How are grand jurors selected?

Grand jurors are selected randomly similar to how jurors are picked for jury trials. They are summoned and then selected to serve a three-month term.

Before Sept. 1, 2015, judges in Texas essentially picked people to serve. The process was commonly called "pick-a-pal."

What are the qualifications to serve?

The qualifications include being at least 18 and a resident of Dallas County who is not under indictment. Grand jurors must also be qualified to vote (but not necessarily registered) and be of sound mind and moral character and not have a felony or misdemeanor theft conviction.