Facebook VPN (named Facebook Research VPN, working similar to Facebooks's Onavo VPN) Facebook paid people to install a "Facebook Research" VPN that is similar to Facebook's Onavo VPN app.

private messages in social media apps

private messages in social media apps chats from instant messaging apps (including photos and videos)

chats from instant messaging apps (including photos and videos) emails

emails web searches

web searches web browsing activity

web browsing activity location information Techcrunch [12] January 2019

Safe Wi-Fi (Verizon’s VPN) The first draft of Verizon's privacy policy states that personal information may be used for marketing purposes. Motherboard [11] August 2018

IP Vanish User logs of US-based VPN service were provided to authorities who were investigating a criminal case.

full name

full name e-mail address

e-mail address username

username reset password

reset password connection time Restore Privacy [10] June 2018

Onavo (Facebook's VPN) collects device data from users (Wi-Fi data usage, cellular data usage) security research [9] March 2018

PureVPN leaks source IP address

leaks source IP address keeps time stamp logs (users’ connection time) FBI affidavit [7] October 2017 [8]

Hotspot Shield intercepting and redirecting web traffic to advertising companies FTC complaint [5] August 2017 [6]

Betternet VPN tracking users’ activities by various tracking libraries

tracking users’ activities by various tracking libraries gives third parties access to users’ computers

gives third parties access to users’ computers contains malware and adware academic paper [3] January 2017 [4]

Hola VPN selling users' bandwidth for commercial purposes Torrentfreak blog [2] May 2015