American Geriatrics Society and American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry . ( 2003 ). Consensus statement on improving the quality of mental healthcare in U.S. nursing homes: management of depression and behavioral symptoms associated with dementia . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 15 , 1287 – 1298 .

Ballard , C. et al. ( 2009 a). The dementia antipsychotic withdrawal trial (DART-AD): long-term follow-up of a randomized placebo-controlled trial . Lancet Neurology , 8 , 151 – 157 .

Ballard , C. G. et al. ( 2009 b). Management of agitation and aggression associated with Alzheimer disease . Nature Reviews Neurology , 5 , 245 – 255 .

Barnes , T. R. , Banerjee , S. , Collins , N. , Treloar , A. , McIntyre , S. M. and Paton , C. ( 2012 ). Antipsychotics in dementia: prevalence and quality of antipsychotic drug prescribing in UK mental health services . British Journal of Psychiatry , 201 , 221 – 226 .

British Alzheimer's Society ( 2011 ). Optimising treatment and care for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Best Practice guide. Available at: ). Optimising treatment and care for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Best Practice guide. Available at: www.alzheimers.org.uk/bpsdguide ; last accessed 12 May 2015.

Chen , Y. et al. ( 2010 ). Unexplained variation across US nursing homes in antipsychotic prescribing rated . Archives of Internal Medicine , 170 , 89 – 95 .

Conn , D. et al. ( 2006 ). The Assessment and Treatment of Mental Health Issues in Long Term Care Homes (Focus on Mood and Behaviour Symptoms). Toronto, Ontario Canada : Canadian Coalition for Seniors' Mental Health .

Cornegé-Blokland , E. , Kleijer , B. C. , Herthogh , C. M. and van Marum , R. J. ( 2012 ). Reasons to prescribe antipsychotics for the behavioral symptoms of dementia: a survey in Dutch nursing homes among physicians, nurses, and family caregivers . Journal of the American Medical Directors Association , 13 , 80.e1--6. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2010.10.004.

De Souto Barreto , P. , Lapeyre-Mestere , M. , Vellas , B. and Rolland , Y. ( 2013 ). Potential underuse of analgesics for recognised pain in nursing home residents with dementia: a cross-sectional study . Pain , 13 , 118 – 123 .

Declerq , T. et al. ( 2013 ). Withdrawal versus continuation of chronic antipsychotic drugs for behavioral and psychological symptoms in older people with dementia . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , 3 , CD007726 .

Devanand , D. P. et al. ( 2012 ). Relapse risk after discontinuation of risperidone in Alzheimer's Disease . New England Journal of Medicine , 367 , 1497 – 1507 .

Feng , Z. et al. ( 2009 ). Use of physical restraints and antipsychotic medications in nursing homes: a cross-national study . International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 24 , 1110 – 1118 .

Gareri , P. , De Fazio , P. , Manfredi , V. and De Sarro , G. ( 2014 ). Use and safety of antipsychotics in behavioral disorders in elderly people with dementia . Journal of Clinical Psychopharmcology , 34 , 109 – 123 .

Goodman , C. M. ( 1987 ). The Delphi technique: a critique . Journal of Advanced Nursing , 12 , 729 – 734 .

Gustafsson , M. , Karlsson , S. and Lövheim , H. ( 2013 ). Inappropriate long-term use of antipsychotic drugs is common among people with dementia living in specialized care units . BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology , 14 , 10 .

Health and Social Care Information Centre, National Dementia and Antipsychotic Prescribing Audit . ( 2012 ). Key Findings on the Prescription of Antipsychotics for People with Dementia in England. Report for the audit period 2006-2011. Available at: . (). Key Findings on the Prescription of Antipsychotics for People with Dementia in England. Report for the audit period 2006-2011. Available at: http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB06624/nati-deme-anti-pres-audi-summ-rep.pdf ; last accessed 12 May 2015.

Hsu , C. C. and Sandford , B. A. ( 2007 ). Minimizing non-response in the Delphi process: how to respond to non-response . Practical Assessment, Research and Evaluation , 12 , 17 .

Husebo , B. S. , Ballard , C. , Cohen-Mansfied , J. , Seifert , R. and Aarsland , D. ( 2014 ). The response of agitated behavior to pain management in persons with dementia . American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 22 , 708 – 717 .

Kales , H. S. et al. ( 2014 ). Management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia in clinical settings: recommendations from a multidisciplinary expert panel . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 62 , 762 – 769 .

Koopmans , R. T. , Lavrijsen , J. C. and Zuidema , S. U. ( 2010 ). The physician's role in nursing homes: the Dutch solution . Archives of Internal Medicine , 9 , 1406 .

Lyketsos , C. G. ( 2007 ). Neuropsychiatric symptoms (behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia) and the development of dementia treatment . International Psychogeriatrics , 19 , 409 – 420 .

Maquire , A. , Hughes , C. , Cardwell , C. and O’Reilly , D. ( 2013 ). Psychotropic medication and the transition into care: a national data linkage study . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 61 , 215 – 221 .

McCleery , J. and Fox , R. ( 2012 ). Antipsychotic prescribing in nursing homes . British Medical Journal , 344 , e1093 .

Morley , J. E. ( 2012 ). Antipsychotics and dementia: a time for restraint? Journal of the American Medical Directors Association , 13 , 761 – 763 .

NICE clinical guideline 42 . ( 2006 ). Dementia: supporting people with dementia and their cares in health and social care. Available at: . (). Dementia: supporting people with dementia and their cares in health and social care. Available at: http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg042 ; last accessed 12 May 2015.

Pieper , M. J. C. et al. ( 2013 ). Interventions targeting pain or behaviour in dementia: a systematic review . Ageing Research Reviews , 12 , 1042 – 1055 .

Richter , T. , Meyer , G. , Möhler , R. and Köpke , S. ( 2012 ). Psychosocial interventions for reducing antipsychoitc medication in care home residents . Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , 12 , CD008634 .

Ruths , S. , Straand , J. , Nygaard , H. A. and Aarsland , D. ( 2008 ). Stopping antipsychotic drug therapy in demented nursing home patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled study – The Bergen District Nursing Home Study (BEDNURS) . International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry , 23 , 889 – 895 .

Schneider , L. S. et al. ( 2006 ). Effectiveness of atypical antipsychotic drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease . New England Journal of Medicine , 355 , 1525 – 1538 .

Schulze , J. , van de Bussche , H. , Glaeske , G. , Kaduszkiewicz , H. , Wiese , B. and Hoffmann , F. ( 2013 ). Impact of safety warnings on antipsychotic prescriptions in dementia: nothing has changed but the years and the substances . European Neuropsychopharmacology , 23 , 1034 – 1042 .

Selbaek , G. , Kirkevold , Ø. and Engedal , K. ( 2008 ). Psychiatric and behavioral symptoms and the use of psychotropic medication in Special Care Units and Regular units in Norwegian nursing homes . Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences , 22 , 568 – 573 .

Trinkley , K. E. , Page II , R. L. , Lien , H. , Yamanoue , K. and Tisdale , J. E. ( 2013 ). QT interval prolongation and the risk of torsades de pointes: essentials for clinicians . Current Medical Research & Opinion , 29 , 1719 – 1726 .

Vakil , N. ( 2011 ). Editorial: consensus guidelines: method or madness ? American Journal of Gastroenterology , 106 , 225 – 227 .

Walker , A. M. and Selfe , J. ( 1996 ). The Delphi method: a useful tool for the allied health researcher . British Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation , 3 , 677 – 681 .

Wetzels , R. , Zuidema , S. U. , de Jonghe , J. F. M. , Verheij , F. R. J. and Koopmans , R. T. C. M. ( 2011 ). Prescribing pattern of psychotropic drug use in nursing home residents with dementia . International Psychogeriatrics , 23 , 1249 – 1259 .