This is a list of Galician words of Celtic origin, many of them being also shared with Portuguese since both languages have a common origin in the medieval language of Galician-Portuguese. A few of these words existed in Latin as loanwords from a Celtic source, usually Gaulish, while other have been later received from other languages, mainly French, Occitan, and Spanish. Finally, some were directly acquired from Gallaecian, the local pre-Latin Celtic language. Any form with an asterisk (*) is unattested and therefore hypothetical.

A systematic investigation of the Celtic words in Galician is still lacking.[1]

A - C [ edit ]

abanqueiro [2] [3] [m] 'waterfall' < *'(beaver) dam', formally a derivative in -arium of *abanco, from Proto-Celtic *abankos 'beaver, water demon' [4] [5] cognate of Old Irish abacc 'dwarf', Welsh afanc 'beaver, dwarf', Breton avank 'dwarf, sea monster'. Akin also to Arpitan avans 'wicker'. [6]

[m] 'waterfall' < *'(beaver) dam', formally a derivative in -arium of *abanco, from Proto-Celtic *abankos 'beaver, water demon' cognate of Old Irish 'dwarf', Welsh 'beaver, dwarf', Breton 'dwarf, sea monster'. Akin also to Arpitan 'wicker'. abeneiro [7] [m] 'common alder', a derivative in -arium of *abona 'river', related to Breton aven , Welsh afon , Irish abha/abhainn 'river'.

[m] 'common alder', a derivative in -arium of *abona 'river', related to Breton , Welsh , Irish 'river'. abrancar [8] 'to embrace', from Latin branca 'paw', of probable Celtic origin. [9]

'to embrace', from Latin 'paw', of probable Celtic origin. abrollar [10] 'to sprout', from Celtic *brogilos 'copse'. [11]

'to sprout', from Celtic *brogilos 'copse'. álamo [m] 'poplar tree', Germ. elma 'elm' (< *h 1 elHm-o), Latin ulmus 'elm' (< *h 1 elHm-o), Celtic *alamo (by Joseph's rule < *elamo < *h 1 elHm-o). [12]

[m] 'poplar tree', Germ. 'elm' (< *h elHm-o), Latin 'elm' (< *h elHm-o), Celtic (by Joseph's rule < *elamo < *h elHm-o). albó , alboio [m] 'shed, barn, enclosure', from proto-Celtic *ɸare-bow-yo-, [13] cognate of Old Irish airbe 'hedge, fence, pen'.

, [m] 'shed, barn, enclosure', from proto-Celtic *ɸare-bow-yo-, cognate of Old Irish 'hedge, fence, pen'. Old Galician ambas [f p] 'waters, river', ambas mestas [f] 'confluence', [14] [15] from Celtic ambe [16] 'water, river', akin to Gaulish ambe 'river', Old Irish abu .

[f p] 'waters, river', [f] 'confluence', from Celtic ambe 'water, river', akin to Gaulish 'river', Old Irish . androlla 'pig's large intestine', from *anterolia 'entrails' < *h 1 ṇter-o 'that is between, internal', Asturian androya , Sanskrit antrá 'entrails, guts', Armenian ənderk , Hittite andurza 'insides', Greek éntera , Celtic enātro [17]

'pig's large intestine', from *anterolia 'entrails' < *h ṇter-o 'that is between, internal', Asturian , Sanskrit 'entrails, guts', Armenian , Hittite 'insides', Greek , Celtic angazo 'rake', from *ankatio 'hook' < *h 2 ṇk-ā-tyo, Asturian angazu and angüezu , old Irish écath ‘fish hook’, middle Welsh anghad < *h 2 ṇk-o-to (EDPC: 37). [17]

'rake', from *ankatio 'hook' < *h ṇk-ā-tyo, Asturian and , old Irish ‘fish hook’, middle Welsh < *h ṇk-o-to (EDPC: 37). banastra [f] 'basket', from Old French banaste , from Celtic *benna 'cart'. [18]

[f] 'basket', from Old French , from Celtic *benna 'cart'. banzo[2] [m] (alternative spelling banço) 'crossbar, beam', from *wṇk-yo,[4] cognate of Spanish banzo; akin to Irish féice < *wenk-yo, 'ridgepole'.

Derivatives: banza 'backrest', banzado, banzao 'palisade, dam'.

barga [f] 'hut; wall made of hurdles; hurdle, fence', from Celtic *wraga,[19][20] cognate of Spanish varga 'hut', French barge, akin to Old Irish fraig, Irish fraigh 'braided wall, roof, pen', Br gwrac'hell 'haybale, rick of hay'.

Derivatives: bargo 'stake or flagstone used for making fences or walls'; barganzo, bargado 'hurdle, fence'.

barra [f] 'garret, loft, upper platform', from proto-Celtic *barro-, [4] [5] cognate of Irish, Breton barr 'summit, peak, top', Welsh bar

[f] 'garret, loft, upper platform', from proto-Celtic *barro-, cognate of Irish, Breton 'summit, peak, top', Welsh bascullo [m] 'bundle of straw; broom', from proto-Celtic *baski- 'bundle',[5] cognate of Gascon bascojo 'basket', Asturian bascayu 'broom', Breton bec'h 'bundle, load'.

Berros.

berro [m] 'watercress', from proto-Celtic *beru-ro-, [4] [5] [21] [22] cognate of Spanish berro ; akin to Old Irish biror , Welsh berwr , Old Breton beror ; similarly French berle 'water parsnip' (< berula ; Ir biolar , Breton beler ).

[m] 'watercress', from proto-Celtic *beru-ro-, cognate of Spanish ; akin to Old Irish , Welsh , Old Breton ; similarly French 'water parsnip' (< ; Ir , Breton ). bico [m] 'beak, kiss', from proto-Celtic *bekko-,[5][23][24] cognate of Italian becco, French bec.

Derivatives: bicar 'to kiss', bicaño 'hill', bicallo (a fish, Gadus luscus).

bidueiro[2] [m] < *betūlariu, biduo [m] < *betūlu, bidulo [m] < *betūllu 'birch',[25] from Celtic *betu- or *betū-,[4][5] cognate of Spanish biezo, Catalan beç, Occitan bèç (< bettiu); Spanish abedul, French bouleau, Italian betulla (< betula); akin to Irish beith, Welsh bedw, Breton bezv.

Derivatives: Bidueiral, Bidual 'place with birch-trees'.

billa , [2] alternative spelling bilha , [f] 'spigot; stick' to Proto-Celtic *beljo- 'tree, trunk', [26] akin to Old Irish bille 'large tree, tree trunk', Manx billey 'tree', Welsh pill 'stump', Breton pil ; cognate of French bille 'log, chunk of wood'.

, alternative spelling , [f] 'spigot; stick' to Proto-Celtic *beljo- 'tree, trunk', akin to Old Irish 'large tree, tree trunk', Manx 'tree', Welsh 'stump', Breton ; cognate of French 'log, chunk of wood'. borba[2] [f] 'mud, slime, mucus', from proto-Celtic *borwâ-,[27] cognate of French bourbe 'mud'; akin to Irish borb 'mud, slime', bearbh 'boiling', Welsh berw 'boiling', Breton berv 'broth, bubbling'.

Derivatives: borbento 'mucilaginous'.

borne [m] 'edge', from French borne 'milestone, landmark', from Old French bosne , bodne , from Vulgar Latin *bodĭna / *budĭna 'border tree', from proto-Celtic *botina 'troop'., [28] akin to Old Irish buiden , Welsh byddin 'army' (from *budīnā )

[m] 'edge', from French 'milestone, landmark', from Old French , , from Vulgar Latin 'border tree', from proto-Celtic *botina 'troop'., akin to Old Irish , Welsh 'army' (from ) braga[2] [f] 'trousers', from proto-Celtic *braco-,[29] cognate of Spanish, Occitan braga, French braie, Italian brache.

Derivatives: bragal, bragada 'spawn', bragueiro 'trus'.

braña [f] (alternative spelling branha) 'meadow, bog, quagmire', from proto-Celtic *bragno-,[5][30] cognate of Asturian and Cantabrian braña, Catalan braina, akin to Irish brén, Welsh braen, Breton brein 'putrid'; Ir bréanar, W braenar, Br breinar 'fallow field'.

Derivatives: brañal, brañeira, brañento 'idem'.

breixo [31] [m] 'heather', from *broccius, [32] from Proto-Celtic *vroiki-, [26] akin to Old Irish froich , Welsh grug, gwrug , Cornish grug , Breton brug ; cognate of Spanish brezo , Occitan bruga , French bruyère .

[m] 'heather', from *broccius, from Proto-Celtic *vroiki-, akin to Old Irish , Welsh , Cornish , Breton ; cognate of Spanish , Occitan , French . Old Galician bren [m] 'bran', maybe from Provençal brem , from proto-Celtic *brenno-, [33] cognate of French bran , Lombard bren .

[m] 'bran', maybe from Provençal , from proto-Celtic *brenno-, cognate of French , Lombard . bringa [34] [f]'stalk, rod', from *brīnikā, from Celtic *brīnos 'rod'; akin to Welsh brwyn 'rush', Cornish broenn , Breton broen ; cognate of French brin 'blade (of grass), stalk'.

[f]'stalk, rod', from *brīnikā, from Celtic *brīnos 'rod'; akin to Welsh 'rush', Cornish , Breton ; cognate of French 'blade (of grass), stalk'. brío [2] [m] 'might, power', from Italian brio , from Catalan/Old Occitan briu 'wild', from Celtic *brigos, [5] cognate of Occitan briu , Old French brif 'finesse, style'; akin to Old Irish bríg 'power', Welsh bri 'prestige, authority', Breton bri 'respect'.

[m] 'might, power', from Italian , from Catalan/Old Occitan 'wild', from Celtic *brigos, cognate of Occitan , Old French 'finesse, style'; akin to Old Irish 'power', Welsh 'prestige, authority', Breton 'respect'. Old Galician busto [m] 'cattle farm, dairy', from a Celtic compound *bow-sto-[35] meaning 'cow-place', akin to Celtiberian boustom 'cow shed, byre', Old Irish bua-thech 'cow house/byre'; cognate of Portuguese bostar, Spanish bustar

Derivatives: bustar 'pastures'.

cacha 'head' from *kápula like old Saxon hafola 'head' (< *kap-ula, EDPG: 215) and Sanskrit kapāla 'skull'(< *kap-ola). This word retains the /p/ and possibly be pre-Celtic.

'head' from *kápula like old Saxon 'head' (< *kap-ula, EDPG: 215) and Sanskrit 'skull'(< *kap-ola). This word retains the /p/ and possibly be pre-Celtic. cai [m] 'quay, jetty', maybe from French (itself from Norman) quai , from proto-Celtic *kag-yo-, [5] [36] [37] akin to Welsh cae , Cornish ke , Breton kae 'hedge'; French chai 'cellar'.

[m] 'quay, jetty', maybe from French (itself from Norman) , from proto-Celtic *kag-yo-, akin to Welsh , Cornish , Breton 'hedge'; French 'cellar'. callao [m] 'boulder; pebble', from Celtic *kalyāwo- 'stone'. [38]

[m] 'boulder; pebble', from Celtic *kalyāwo- 'stone'. cambiar 'to change', from Vulgar Latin cambiare, from proto-Celtic *kambo-,[4][5][39] cognate of French changer, Occitan/Spanish cambiar, Catalan canviar, Italian cambiare; akin to Breton kemm 'exchange', Old Irish cimb 'ransom'.

Derivatives: cambio 'exchange', cambiador 'exchanger'.

camba[2] [f] 'wheel rim' from proto-Celtic *kambo-,[4][5][40] cognate of Old Irish camm 'crooked, bent, curved'. Cognate of Occitan cambeta 'part of plough', Limousin Occitan chambija (< *cambica) 'part of plough'

Derivatives: cambito, cambada, camballa, cambeira 'coil; crooked log for hanging fish', cambela 'type of plough', cambota 'beam'.

camiño[2][41] [m] 'pathway', alternative spelling caminho, from Vulgar Latin *cammīnus, from proto-Celtic *kanxsman-,[5][42] cognate of Italian cammino, French chemin, Spanish camino, Catalan camí, Occitan camin ; akin to Old Irish céimm, Cornish and Breton kamm 'step'.

Derivatives: camiñar 'to walk'.

camisa [2] [f] 'shirt' from Latin, from Gaulish camisia . [43] cognate of Spanish/Occitan camisa , Italian camicia , French chainse

[f] 'shirt' from Latin, from Gaulish . cognate of Spanish/Occitan , Italian , French cando [m] 'dry stick', from medieval candano , from Celtic *kando- 'bright, white', cognate of Welsh cann 'bright, light'. [44]

[m] 'dry stick', from medieval , from Celtic *kando- 'bright, white', cognate of Welsh 'bright, light'. canga [2] [45] [f] 'collar, yoke', from Celtic *kambika. [46]

[f] 'collar, yoke', from Celtic *kambika. canto [m] 'rim, corner', from proto-Celtic *kanto-,[4] akin to Old Irish cét 'round stone pillar, Welsh cant 'tire rim', Breton kant 'disk'; cognate of Old French chant, Occitan cant, Spanish canto.

Derivatives: recanto 'corner', cantón 'edge of a field', acantoar 'to hide, to isolate', cantil 'cliff'

carro. The wheels are built with cambas or curved pieces; the laterals of the cart are called chedas. A Galician traditional. The wheels are built withor curved pieces; the laterals of the cart are called

carro [m] 'cart, wagon', from Vulgar Latin carrum, from proto-Celtic *karro-,[4][5][47] cognate of Rumanian car, Italian carro, French char, Provençal car, Spanish carro; akin to Irish carr, Welsh car, Breton karr.

Derivatives: carreira 'road', carregar 'to load'.

caxigo [m] 'oak; Portuguese oak', from *cassīcos, from Celtic *cassos 'curly, twisted', [48] akin to Irish cas 'twist, turn, spin', Old Welsh cas cord 'to twist'; cognate of Asturian caxigu , Aragonese caixico , Gascon casse , French chêne 'oak' (< *cassanos).

[m] 'oak; Portuguese oak', from *cassīcos, from Celtic *cassos 'curly, twisted', akin to Irish 'twist, turn, spin', Old Welsh cord 'to twist'; cognate of Asturian , Aragonese , Gascon , French 'oak' (< *cassanos). centolo [m] 'European spider crab', akin to Gaulish personal name CINTULLOS 'the first one', [49] from PCl *kintu- 'first'.

[m] 'European spider crab', akin to Gaulish personal name CINTULLOS 'the first one', from PCl *kintu- 'first'. cervexa [2] [f] 'beer', alternative spelling cerveja , from Vulgar Latin *cerevisia, from Gaulish [50] Cognates: Old French cervoise , Provençal, Spanish cerveza ; akin to Old Irish coirm , Welsh cwrw , Cornish and Breton korev .

[f] 'beer', alternative spelling , from Vulgar Latin *cerevisia, from Gaulish Cognates: Old French , Provençal, Spanish ; akin to Old Irish , Welsh , Cornish and Breton . cheda [2] [f] 'lateral external board of a cart, where the crossbars are affixed', from Medieval Latin cleta , from proto-Celtic *klētā, [4] [5] [51] cognate of Irish cloí ( cloidhe ) 'fence', clíath 'palisade, hurdle', Welsh clwyd 'barrier, wattle, scaffolding, gate', Cornish kloos 'fence', Breton kloued 'barrier, fence'; cognate of French claie 'rack, wattle fencing', Occitan cleda , Catalan cleda 'livestock pen', Basque gereta .

[f] 'lateral external board of a cart, where the crossbars are affixed', from Medieval Latin , from proto-Celtic *klētā, cognate of Irish ( ) 'fence', 'palisade, hurdle', Welsh 'barrier, wattle, scaffolding, gate', Cornish 'fence', Breton 'barrier, fence'; cognate of French 'rack, wattle fencing', Occitan , Catalan 'livestock pen', Basque . choco [m] 'cowbell; squid', from proto-Celtic *klokko-,[4][5][52] akin to Old Irish clocc, Welsh cloch, Breton kloc'h; cognate of Asturian llueca and llócara 'cowbell', French cloche 'bell', German Glock.

Derivatives: chocar 'to bang, to shock', chocallo 'cowbell'.

colmea [2] [m] 'beehive', from a Celtic form *kolmēnā 'made of straw' [53] (cf. Spanish colmena 'beehive'), from *kolmos 'straw', which gave Leonese cuelmo ; cf. Welsh calaf "reed, stalk", Cornish kala and kalaven "straw", Breton kolo "stalk").

[m] 'beehive', from a Celtic form *kolmēnā 'made of straw' (cf. Spanish 'beehive'), from *kolmos 'straw', which gave Leonese ; cf. Welsh "reed, stalk", Cornish and "straw", Breton "stalk"). cómaro, comareiro [m] 'limits of a patch or field, usually left intentionally unploughed', from proto-Celtic *kom-ɸare-(yo)-,[5] cognate of Old Irish comair 'in front of', Welsh cyfair 'direction, place, spot, acre'. Or either to *kom-boros 'brought together'.[54]

Derivatives: acomarar 'to mark out a field (literally to dote with cómaros)'.

comba [f] 'valley, inflexion', from proto-Celtic *kumbā, [4] [5] [55] cognate of North Italian comba , French combe , Occitan comba ; akin to Irish com , Welsh cwm 'hollow (land form)', Cornish komm 'small valley, dingle', Breton komm 'small valley, deep water'.

[f] 'valley, inflexion', from proto-Celtic *kumbā, cognate of North Italian , French , Occitan ; akin to Irish , Welsh 'hollow (land form)', Cornish 'small valley, dingle', Breton 'small valley, deep water'. combarro [m], combarrizo [m] 'shed, shelter', [56] from proto-Celtic *kom-ber-o- 'bring together'. [5] Cognate of Middle French combres 'palisade in a river, for fishing'.

[m], [m] 'shed, shelter', from proto-Celtic *kom-ber-o- 'bring together'. Cognate of Middle French combres 'palisade in a river, for fishing'. combo [m] (adj.) 'curved, bent', from Celtic *kumbo-,[4][5][57] cognate of Provençal comb, Spanish combo.

Derivatives: combar 'to bend'.

comboa [f] 'corral used for capturing fish trapped in low tide', from Old Galician combona , from Celtic *combā 'valley' or *cambos 'bent'. [57]

[f] 'corral used for capturing fish trapped in low tide', from Old Galician , from Celtic *combā 'valley' or *cambos 'bent'. croio [m] 'rolling stone', croia [f] 'pip', from old-galician crougia > *cruia 'stone', Proto-Celtic *krowka (EDPC: 226, Oir. crùach 'hill'. W. crug 'cairn, hillock'. [58] Derivatives: croio (adj.) 'ugly, rude'; croído, croieira 'stony place/beach'.

[m] 'rolling stone', [f] 'pip', from old-galician > 'stone', Proto-Celtic *krowka (EDPC: 226, Oir. 'hill'. W. 'cairn, hillock'. Derivatives: (adj.) 'ugly, rude'; 'stony place/beach'. crouca [f] 'head; withers (ox)', from Celtic croucā,[4][5][59] cognate of Provençal crauc 'heap', Occitan cruca 'cape (land form)'; akin to Irish cruach 'pile, haystack', Welsh crug 'hillock, barrow, heap', Cornish and Breton krug 'mound, barrow'.

Derivatives: crocar 'swell, bulge, bruise', croque 'bump'.

curro [m] 'corral, pen; corner', from Celtic *korro-,[5] akin to Middle Irish cor 'circle, turn', corrán 'sickle', Welsh cor 'enclosure', Cornish kor 'turn, veering'; cognate of Spanish corro, corral.

Derivatives: curruncho, currucho, currullo 'corner, end', currusco 'protruding part (in bread)', curral 'corral, pen'.

D - Z [ edit ]

dorna [f] 'a type of boat; trough, measurement (volume)', [60] from proto-Celtic *durno- 'fist'., [61] Irish dorn fish, Welsh dwrn , Cornish and Breton dorn 'hand'; Akin to Old French, Occitan dorn , 'a handful'. [62] Nevertheless, the Asturian duerna 'bowl' demand a form **dorno-, and for this reason, perhaps a form *dor-no (made of wood) is more possible. [63]

[f] 'a type of boat; trough, measurement (volume)', from proto-Celtic *durno- 'fist'., Irish fish, Welsh , Cornish and Breton 'hand'; Akin to Old French, Occitan , 'a handful'. Nevertheless, the Asturian 'bowl' demand a form **dorno-, and for this reason, perhaps a form *dor-no (made of wood) is more possible. embaixada [f] 'embassy', from Provençal ambaissada , from ambaissa 'service, duty', from proto-Celtic *ambactos 'servant', [64] akin to Welsh amaeth 'farm', Cornish ammeth 'farming', Old Breton ambaith , modern Breton amaezh .

[f] 'embassy', from Provençal , from 'service, duty', from proto-Celtic *ambactos 'servant', akin to Welsh 'farm', Cornish 'farming', Old Breton , modern Breton . engo , irgo [m] 'danewort', from *édgo, from a Low Latin EDUCUS , from Gaulish odocos, [65] idem. [66] Cognate of Spanish yezgo , Asturian yeldu , Provençal olègue , idem.

, [m] 'danewort', from *édgo, from a Low Latin , from Gaulish odocos, idem. Cognate of Spanish , Asturian , Provençal , idem. gabela [f] 'handful, faggot', alternative spelling gavela , from proto-Celtic *gabaglā-, [67] [68] [69] cognate of French javelle , Provençal gavela , Spanish gavilla ; akin to Old Cornish gavael 'catch, capture', Irish gabháil 'get, take, grab, capture', gabhal 'fork'.

[f] 'handful, faggot', alternative spelling , from proto-Celtic *gabaglā-, cognate of French , Provençal , Spanish ; akin to Old Cornish 'catch, capture', Irish 'get, take, grab, capture', 'fork'. galga [f] 'plain stone', from *gallikā, to Proto-Celtic *gallos 'stone',[4] akin to Irish gall, French galet 'gravel' gallete 'plain cake', Spanish galga.

Derivatives: galgar 'carving a stone to make it plain and regular'.

gorar[2] 'to hatch, to brood (an egg, or a sickness)', from proto-Celtic *gʷhor-,[70][71] akin to Irish gor 'sit on eggs, brood (eggs)' Welsh/Cornish gori 'to brood, sit (on eggs)', Breton goriñ.

Derivatives: goro 'warmed infertile egg'.

gubia [f] 'gouge', from Celtic *gulbia, from *gulb- 'beak', [72] [73] cognate of Portuguese goiva , Spanish gubia , French gouge , Italian gubba ; akin to Old Irish gulba 'sting', Irish gealbhán 'sparrow', Welsh gylyf 'sickle', gylf 'beak'.

[f] 'gouge', from Celtic *gulbia, from *gulb- 'beak', cognate of Portuguese , Spanish , French , Italian ; akin to Old Irish 'sting', Irish 'sparrow', Welsh 'sickle', 'beak'. lándoa [f] 'uncultivated plot', from *landula, Romance derivative of proto-Celtic *landā, [4] [5] [74] cognate of Old Irish lann 'land, plot', Welsh lann 'church-yard', Breton lann 'heath', French lande 'sandy moor, heath', Provençal, Catalan landa .

[f] 'uncultivated plot', from *landula, Romance derivative of proto-Celtic *landā, cognate of Old Irish 'land, plot', Welsh 'church-yard', Breton 'heath', French 'sandy moor, heath', Provençal, Catalan . laxe [2] [75] [f] 'stone slab', alternative spelling lage , from the medieval form lagena , from proto-Celtic *ɸlāgenā, [76] cognate of Old Irish lágan , láigean , Welsh llain 'broad spearhead, blade'; akin to Irish láighe 'mattock, spade'.

[f] 'stone slab', alternative spelling , from the medieval form , from proto-Celtic *ɸlāgenā, cognate of Old Irish , , Welsh 'broad spearhead, blade'; akin to Irish 'mattock, spade'. legua or légua[77] [f] 'league', to Proto-Celtic *leukā, cognate of French lieue, Spanish legua; akin to Old Irish líe (genitive líag) 'stone', Irish lia

leira [f] 'plot, delimited and levelled field', from the medieval form laria, from proto-Celtic *ɸlār-yo-,[5][78] akin to Old Irish làr 'ground, floor', Cornish and Breton leur 'ground', Welsh llawr 'floor'. However, for the Spanish dialectal lera 'vegetable garden, area of land' (Salamanca) is proposed a Latin origin *illam aream > *l'aream > laira, which don't appears to be appropriate for the Galician forms, already documented as larea and ipsa larea in 870.[79]

Derivatives: leiro 'small, ou unleveled, plot', leirar 'land working', leiroto, leiruca 'small plot'.

Old Galician ler [m] 'sea, seashore', from proto-Celtic *liros, [4] [5] cognate of Old Irish ler , Irish lear , Welsh llyr 'sea'.

[m] 'sea, seashore', from proto-Celtic *liros, cognate of Old Irish , Irish , Welsh 'sea'. lercha [80] [f] 'rod, stick (used for hanging fish)', from proto-Celtic *wliskā [81] 'stick', cognate of Old Irish flesc .

[f] 'rod, stick (used for hanging fish)', from proto-Celtic *wliskā 'stick', cognate of Old Irish . lousa[2] [f] 'flagstone', from Proto-Celtic *laws-,[82] cognate of Provençal lausa, Spanish losa, French losenge 'diamond'.

Derivatives: enlousar 'to cover with flagstones', lousado 'roof'.

marulo [m] 'big, fat kid', from *mārullu, [83] diminutive of Proto-Celtic *māros 'large, great, big', akin to Irish mór , Welsh mawr , Cornish and Breton meur .

[m] 'big, fat kid', from *mārullu, diminutive of Proto-Celtic *māros 'large, great, big', akin to Irish , Welsh , Cornish and Breton . meniño [m] 'kid, child, baby', alternative spelling meninho, from medieval mennino, from proto-Celtic *menno-,[5] akin to Old Irish menn 'kid (goat)', Irish meannán, Welsh myn, Cornish mynn, Breton menn.

Derivatives: meniñez 'childhood'.

miñoca.

miñoca [f] 'earthworm', alternative spelling minhoca , dialectal mioca, miroca , from medieval *milocca, from proto-Celtic *mîlo-, [4] [5] akin to Asturian milu, merucu 'earthworm', Irish míol 'worm, maggot', Welsh, Cornish and Breton mil 'animal'.

[f] 'earthworm', alternative spelling , dialectal , from medieval *milocca, from proto-Celtic *mîlo-, akin to Asturian 'earthworm', Irish 'worm, maggot', Welsh, Cornish and Breton 'animal'. mostea [f] 'bundle of straw', from proto-Celtic *bostā- 'hand, palm, fist'., [84] Irish bos, bas 'palm of hand'.

[f] 'bundle of straw', from proto-Celtic *bostā- 'hand, palm, fist'., Irish 'palm of hand'. olga [f] 'patch, plot', from proto-Celtic *ɸolkā, [85] [86] [87] cognate of French ouche , Provençal olca . Nevertheless, *ɸolkā should become ** ouca .

[f] 'patch, plot', from proto-Celtic *ɸolkā, cognate of French , Provençal . Nevertheless, *ɸolkā should become ** . osca [f] 'notch', from Celtic *oska 'idem', cognate of Asturian güezca , Occitan osca , Old French osche , Modern French hoche , Welsh osg 'idem'. [88]

[f] 'notch', from Celtic *oska 'idem', cognate of Asturian , Occitan , Old French , Modern French , Welsh 'idem'. peza [f] 'piece', alternative spelling peça, from Vulgar Latin *pettia, from Gaulish petsi, from proto-Celtic *kʷezdi,[5][89][90] cognate of Italian pezza, French pièce, Spanish pieza; akin to Old Irish cuit (Irish cuid) 'piece, share, part', Welsh peth 'thing', Breton pezh.

Derivatives: empezar 'to begin'.

rego [m], rega [f] 'furrow, ditch', from proto-Celtic *ɸrikā,[91][92][93] akin to Welsh rhych, Breton reg, Scottish/Irish riach 'trace left from something'; cognate of French raie, Occitan, Catalan rega, Basque erreka, Italian riga 'wrinkle'.

Derivatives: derregar 'to mark out a field', regato 'stream, gully, glen'.

reo [m] 'Salmo trutta trutta', from a Celtic form rhedo (Ausonius). [94]

[m] 'Salmo trutta trutta', from a Celtic form (Ausonius). rodaballo [2] [m] 'turbot', alternative spelling rodavalho , from a Celtic composite form *roto-ball-jo-, [95] meaning 'round-extremity', akin to Irish roth 'wheel', Welsh rhod , Breton rod , and Irish ball 'limb, organ'.

[m] 'turbot', alternative spelling , from a Celtic composite form *roto-ball-jo-, meaning 'round-extremity', akin to Irish 'wheel', Welsh , Breton , and Irish 'limb, organ'. saboga , samborca [f] 'allis shad', akin to Gaulish samauca , idem, from Celtic *samākā 'summery'. [96]

, [f] 'allis shad', akin to Gaulish , idem, from Celtic *samākā 'summery'. saio [97] [m] 'coat' and saia [f] 'skirt', from the medieval form sagia , from an ancient Celtic form from which also Latin sagum 'robe'. [98]

[m] 'coat' and [f] 'skirt', from the medieval form , from an ancient Celtic form from which also Latin 'robe'. seara , senra [f] 'sown field recently broken up, but which is left fallow', from a medieval form senara , a Celtic compound of *seni- 'apart, separated' (cf. Old Irish sain 'alone', Welsh han 'other') and *aro- 'ploughed field'. [99] (cf. Welsh âr , Irish ár 'ploughed field').

, [f] 'sown field recently broken up, but which is left fallow', from a medieval form , a Celtic compound of *seni- 'apart, separated' (cf. Old Irish 'alone', Welsh 'other') and *aro- 'ploughed field'. (cf. Welsh , Irish 'ploughed field'). tasca [f] and tascón [m], 'swingle', related to Galatian taskós 'peg, stake'. [100]

[f] and [m], 'swingle', related to Galatian 'peg, stake'. tol and tola [101] [m / f] 'irrigation channel', to Proto-Celtic *tullo- 'pierced, perforated', [26] akin to Irish toll 'hollow, cave, hole', Welsh twll 'hole', Cornish toll 'hole', Breton toull 'hole'; cognate of Spanish tollo 'hole', Catalan toll 'pool in a river', Old French tolon 'hill, upland'.

and [m / f] 'irrigation channel', to Proto-Celtic *tullo- 'pierced, perforated', akin to Irish 'hollow, cave, hole', Welsh 'hole', Cornish 'hole', Breton 'hole'; cognate of Spanish 'hole', Catalan 'pool in a river', Old French 'hill, upland'. tona [f] 'skin, bark, scum of milk', from proto-Celtic *tondā,[5][102][103] cognate of Old Irish tonn, Welsh tonn.

Derivatives: toneira 'pot for obtaining butter from the milk'.

toxo [m], alternative spelling tojo, 'gorse, furze (Ulex europaeus)', from Celtic *togi-,[104] akin to Spanish/Gascon toja, French dialectal tuie.

Derivatives: fura-toxos 'marten'; toxa 'ulex gallii'; toxedo, toxa, toxeira 'place with toxos'.

trosma [105] [m] 'awkward, dimwitted', from proto-Celtic *trudsmo- or *truksmo- 'heavy', [106] akin to Old Irish tromm , Welsh trwm .

[m] 'awkward, dimwitted', from proto-Celtic *trudsmo- or *truksmo- 'heavy', akin to Old Irish , Welsh . trado, trade [m] 'auger', from proto-Celtic *taratro-,[4][5][107] cognate of Irish tarathar, Welsh taradr, Breton tarar, Occitan taraire, Catalan taradre, Spanish taladro, French tarière, Romansch tarader.

Derivatives: tradar 'to drill'. tranca [f], tranco [m] 'beam, pole', from proto-Celtic *tarankā,[108][109] cognate of Spanish tranca 'club, cudgel', French taranche 'screw bar, ratchet (wine press)', Provençal tarenco; akin to OIr tairinge 'iron nail, tine', Ir tairne 'metal nail, Sc tairnge 'nail'. Derivatives: taranzón 'pillar inside the potter's oven' < *tarankyon-, tarangallo 'Wood nail, pin', trancar 'to bar a door'.

trobos or colmeas (beehives). The closer one is similar to reconstructed Iron Age huts. Galician traditionalor(beehives). The closer one is similar to reconstructed Iron Age huts.

trebo, trobo [m] 'beehive', from the medieval form trebano , proto-Celtic *trebno-, [5] akin to Old Irish treb 'farm', Cornish tre 'home; town', Welsh tref 'town'; akin to Asturian truébanu 'beehive', Provençal trevar 'to dwell, live (at)'.

[m] 'beehive', from the medieval form , proto-Celtic *trebno-, akin to Old Irish 'farm', Cornish 'home; town', Welsh 'town'; akin to Asturian 'beehive', Provençal 'to dwell, live (at)'. trogo [m] 'sadness, anxiety, pity', from proto-Celtic *trougos, [4] [5] akin to Old Irish tróg , Irish trogha , Welsh tru 'wretched', Breton tru 'miserable'; cognate of Portuguese truhão , Spanish truhan 'baffoon, jester', French truand 'beggar'.

[m] 'sadness, anxiety, pity', from proto-Celtic *trougos, akin to Old Irish , Irish , Welsh 'wretched', Breton 'miserable'; cognate of Portuguese , Spanish 'baffoon, jester', French 'beggar'. trollo [m] 'semicircular rake to move the oven's hot coals'. Bret. troellen , Cornish trolh , Welsh troel , 'idem'. [110] However, Benozzo does not know the phonetic laws of Galician. The expected reflex of Celtic * trullo would be Modern Galician **trolo; trollo can be explained as a regular development from the Latin trulleus 'scoop'.

[m] 'semicircular rake to move the oven's hot coals'. Bret. , Cornish , Welsh , 'idem'. However, Benozzo does not know the phonetic laws of Galician. The expected reflex of Celtic * would be Modern Galician **trolo; can be explained as a regular development from the Latin 'scoop'. turro [m] 'boulder, heap', from a probably Celtic etymon *tūrra 'heap of earth', cognate of Welsh twrr 'heap'. [111]

[m] 'boulder, heap', from a probably Celtic etymon *tūrra 'heap of earth', cognate of Welsh 'heap'. vasalo [m] 'vassal' (alternative spelling vassalo ), from Vulgar Latin vassalus , from proto-Celtic *wasto-, [5] [112] cognate of French vassal , Spanish vasallo , Middle Irish foss 'servant', Welsh gwas 'servant; lad', Breton gwaz .

[m] 'vassal' (alternative spelling ), from Vulgar Latin , from proto-Celtic *wasto-, cognate of French , Spanish , Middle Irish 'servant', Welsh 'servant; lad', Breton . verea [f] 'main road', from the medieval form vereda, from Celtic *uɸo-rēdo-,[113][114] cognate of Spanish vereda 'pathway'; akin to Welsh gorwydd 'steed', Vulgar Latin veredus 'horse', French palefroi 'steed' (< *para-veredus).

Notes [ edit ]

Literature [ edit ]