Tech firms, management consultants and private healthcare companies have received millions of pounds in payments from public funds in the first full financial year of the coalition’s new-look NHS, an analysis by the Guardian can reveal.

Last week NHS England, the body which assigns £96bn to fund the health service, produced its first detailed report on all spending over £25,000 in the 12 months up to April 2014.

Unlike other government departments, the health service has never published comprehensive accounts, and NHS England only acted after campaigners received 76,000 signatures over 48 hours in a petition organised by online activists 38 Degrees and transparency lobbyists Spinwatch.

The dataset, which has more than 140,000 entries, illustrates how big business has become enmeshed in the NHS and how hundreds of millions of pounds were required to set up and run the new structures in the health service.

The figures show that to “establish” NHS England cost £135m, with computer maker Dell receiving £3.6m and telephone provider Vodafone collecting £13.5m in a year. To run NHS England, which is headquartered in Leeds, for one year costs £350m.

Firms with ties to the Tories did well. Care UK, one of the country’s biggest private health firms, received £112m from the NHS in a single year, 90% of which was for the provision of healthcare. The wife of the company’s former chairman John Nash made a personal donation of £21,000 to Andrew Lansley, the architect of the coalition’s NHS policy, to fund his office while in opposition.

The spending report also revealed a string of controversial firms are retained by the central NHS board. Serco, admonished by MPs after it was revealed to have altered data about out-of-hours doctor services in Cornwall, was paid £10m by NHS England for providing healthcare. G4S, the troubled outsourcing firm, took £3.5m for medical services. Atos, the French IT company that ran fitness-for-work tests which ministers criticised for “quality failures”, received £2.7m last year.

The revolving door in the NHS means many public servants have connections with the private firms that profit from tie-ins. Ian Dalton was NHS England’s deputy chief executive until he left for BT in February 2013. Last year, while Dalton ran the company’s global health division, BT received £18m in contracts from NHS England. Dr Foster, the company co-founded by the

NHS’s information czar Tim Kelsey, took £1.8m.

The new look NHS is proving to be lucrative business for management consultants and big accountancy firms. Deloitte’s received £7m last year from the NHS while PA Consulting got £3.8m and McKinsey’s £2.7m. Spinwatch says that its own research into spending on consultants by the Department of Health, NHS and the regulator Monitor shows that eight of the biggest firms were paid £56m last year.

Much of NHS England’s spending on management consultants was by the 22 clinical support units set up by the coalition to “advise” GPs on how best to spend money on patients. Many have made controversial decisions. In Norfolk the Anglia CSU spent £2.9m – much of it on private firms – the accounts reveal but was forced to shut down in February this year after local GPs complained it was “too expensive” and doctors had “no confidence that it can deliver high quality services that are good value for money”.

Greater East Midlands Commissioning Support Unit (GEM), spent £190,000 a month for seven months on KPMG last year, but has been taken to task by Labour’s Liz Kendall over a “series of care failures” such as discharging a terminally-ill patient from hospital without proper support.

Tamasin Cave, director of Spinwatch, told the Guardian: “NHS chiefs have gone big on transparency, but these figures are two years late and incomplete. We’ve got nothing on where the money went for the first six months of NHS England’s existence.

“But, the figures do begin to give us an accurate picture of the continuing cost of the reforms, the sums being spent on the new market in health services, and the flow of money to the private sector. In the data, there are bodies that evidently cost millions to set up just last year that don’t even exist today.

“The figures are in places damning. Why are commissioners in the East Midlands spending £200k a month on KPMG, when they only have one part-time person monitoring the quality of all their home care providers?”

“We are constantly warned about the NHS’s dire financial situation: hospitals facing bankruptcy, services being rationed, and the need for massive savings to be made if the NHS is to survive. But first, we need the stewards of the NHS budget to spend with care and where it matters.”

A spokesperson for NHS England said it “always intended to publish the information”.

“(We were) keen to do this and it was the first one and took a long time … because we had to check each line for patient privacy issues. From now on (the NHS) will be releasing the information monthly ... [The NHS] takes transparency seriously.”

Andy Burnham, Labour’s shadow health secretary, said: “These figures alsoshow that the NHS was throwing money like confetti at private consultants at the same time that it was cutting nursing posts and cancer care.”