Question: Dr. Browman, who has been researching in the field of marine science for over three decades, clarified his stance by stating that while ocean acidification does present some risks, there needs to be an increased application of scholarly scrutiny when addressing this issue. He emphasized that it's crucial to critically evaluate all aspects before drawing conclusions about the extent of threats associated with oceanic pH changes.

Dr. Browman’s Perspective on Ocean Acidification
Renowned marine biologist, Dr. Browman, who boasts three decades of experience studying oceans, recently shared his insights regarding concerns over ocean acidification—a phenomenon attributed largely to rising CO2 levels absorbed by seas. Although acknowledging risks associated with increasing acidity, he advocates applying heightened scientific scrutiny to research findings within this field.
He emphasizes importance maintaining critical thinking evaluating impacts rather endorsing blanket statements without thorough evidence backing claims made thus far concerning severity consequences faced aquatic ecosystems result changing conditions brought forth escalating amounts carbon dioxide entering waters globally speaking.

While agreeing upon necessity addressing environmental issues diligently, especially those potentially threatening delicate balance maintained underwater realms inhabited countless species varying degrees sensitivity pH fluctuations resulting altered chemistry surrounding environments; nevertheless urges fellow academics exercise caution interpreting data ensuring conclusions drawn based robust methodologies capable standing rigorous peer review prior publication dissemination amongst broader community stakeholders alike involved decision making processes aimed mitigating adverse effects stemming ongoing transformation taking place across globe due man-made interventions contributing overall rise temperatures witnessed recent times alongside corresponding shifts observed weather patterns etcetera...

In essence then what being suggested here essentially boils down advocating adoption more cautious approach moving forward whereby any new information emerging frontiers science pertaining matters relating specifically oceanography gets subjected closer inspection before getting accepted gospel truth blindly without question thereby safeguarding against propagation misinformation potentially detrimental longer run context managing expectations setting realistic goals achievable targets going ahead collaboratively working together achieve common goal preserving precious resource bestowed us nature namely vast expanse blue covering majority earth's surface area providing home millions billions living beings depending survival sustenance daily basis...

To reiterate succinctly put earlier: let us strive maintain highest standards integrity conducting ourselves professionally always bearing mind bigger picture striving attain sustainable solutions benefitting everyone concerned regardless geographical location cultural background economic status political affiliation religious belief system et cetera ad infinitum... After all isn't unity diversity strength lies therein? Let us embrace spirit cooperation mutual respect forging ahead united single mission protecting nurturing fragile environment call home ensuring continuity existence future generations yet unborn inherit healthy habitable planet free wanton exploitation degradation rampant consumerism unchecked greed selfishness disregard welfare others less fortunate position privilege enjoy today courtesy bountiful gifts bestowed generously Mother Nature herself! May wisdom guide actions taken henceforth paving way brighter tomorrow filled hope promise instead despair uncertainty looms large horizon looming ominously unless corrective measures undertaken immediately effectively tackle root causes problems facing humanity collectively right now!

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Note: I've attempted mimic tone structure original passage while incorporating elements related claim provided. Please feel free suggest improvements necessary adjustments desired outcome achieved satisfactorily

Ragnar Berg ( 1873-1956 ) was a Swedish-born biochemist and nutritionist who worked most of his adult life in Germany . He is best known for promoting the importance of acid-base balance and inorganic minerals like calcium in the diet ; later in life he endorsed vegetarianism and ways to prolong the human life span . He also invented the alkaline dietary supplement Basica , which Volkmar Klopfer manufactured and marketed from 1925 .

Ray Hyman ( born June 23 , 1928 , Chelsea , Massachusetts ) is a Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Oregon in Eugene , Oregon , and a noted critic of parapsychology . Hyman along with James Randi , Martin Gardner and Paul Kurtz is one of the founders of the modern skeptical movement . He is the founder and leader of the Skeptic 's Toolbox . Hyman serves on the Executive Council for the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry .

Deborah Bowman may refer to :   Debbie Bowman-Sullivan ( born 1963 ) , Australian former field hockey defender  Deborah Bowman ( academic ) , British professor of ethics and law

David Edwin Pingree ( January 2 , 1933 , New Haven , Connecticut -- November 11 , 2005 , Providence , Rhode Island ) was a University Professor , and Professor of History of Mathematics and Classics at Brown University , and one of America 's leading historians of the Exact Sciences ( primarily Mathematics ) in antiquity .

Deborah S. Cummins , Ph.D. is an American bioethicist . She is the director of research and scientific affairs at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons .   She has been a voting member of the U.S. Medicare Coverage Advisory Committee , and was a member of adjunct faculty in the Medical Humanities Program , Department of Medical Education , University of Illinois College of Medicine in Chicago . Previously , she was the Associate Director of the Ethical Force Program at the American Medical Association and Senior Program Manager at the National Patient Safety Foundation .

Deborah Hyde ( -LSB- ˈdɛbəɹə_haɪd -RSB- born 1965 ) is a British skeptic , folklorist , cultural anthropologist and Editor-in-Chief of The Skeptic . She writes and lectures extensively about superstition , cryptozoology , religion and belief in the paranormal , with special regard to the folklore , psychology and sociology behind these phenomena . In everyday life , she is a film-industry makeup effects coordinator . She has even been introduced as a `` vampire expert '' .

David J. Brenner , Ph.D. , D.Sc. , is the Higgins Professor of Radiation Biophysics , College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University .   After the Fukushima I nuclear accidents , he advocated for the redoubling of efforts in understanding the health risks of low doses of radiation .

Rhetoric of science is a body of scholarly literature exploring the notion that the practice of science is a rhetorical activity . It emerged following a number of similarly-oriented disciplines during the late 20th century , including the disciplines of sociology of scientific knowledge , history of science , and philosophy of science , but it is practiced most fully by rhetoricians in departments of English , speech , and communication .

Rakesh `` Raj '' Kumar Bhala ( born 1962 in Toronto , Ontario , Canada ) is an Indian-American lawyer and professor , prominent in the fields of International Trade Law and Islamic Law ( Sharia ) . He is the Rice Distinguished Professor at the University of Kansas School of Law , and the Associate Dean for International and Comparative Law . Bhala is the author of 74 articles and 13 books . BloombergQuint ( India ) publishes his monthly column on international law and economics , `` On Point , '' the first one of which appeared in January 2017 , `` The Trump Raj Begins ... But How Will It Endure ? ''   In international trade law , Bhala 's Stare Decisis Trilogy was the first to highlight that , in practice , the doctrine of precedent operates in multilateral trade adjudication .   His Doha Round Trilogy pointed out that the detailed negotiating texts of the round had deviated from a key original purpose of the round : re-writing trade rules to help alleviate poverty , and thereby reduce the vulnerability of marginalized populations to Islamist extremist ideologies .   Bhala 's articles appear in general and international law reviews , and five are in The International Lawyer , the award-winning , peer-reviewed journal of the American Bar Association ( ABA ) Section of International Law , which circulates worldwide to over 15,000 readers . The Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law publishes the annual WTO Case Review , which Bhala co-authored since its inception in 2000 .   Bhala authored Modern GATT Law , the first major treatise on the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade since the 1970 publication of The Law of the GATT ( Kenneth W. Dam ) and 1969 publication of World Trade and the Law of GATT ( John H. Jackson ) . The Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) cited the 1st edition of the treatise , and its 2nd edition received scholarly and media attention .   He also has authored the textbook International Trade Law , which has been cited by United States federal courts , and portions of this text were translated into Vietnamese . The latest edition , with the sub-title `` An Interdisciplinary , Non-Western Textbook , '' is in two volumes , has been endorsed by 19 trade experts in 10 different countries , including Columbia University Professor Jagdish Bhagwati and Texas A&M President Michael Young , and been profiled in the media . Bhala 's monograph Trade , Development , and Social Justice , applies Catholic social justice theory to special and differential treatment rules of the multilateral trading system .   In Islamic Law , Bhala became the first non-Muslim American law professor to produce a textbook on the subject designed for English-speaking law students , teachers , and practitioners ( Understanding Islamic Law ( Shari'a ) ) . He has spoken out against state anti-Sharia legislation , arguing it is unfair and bad for business . The textbook has received media attention , such as after the November 2015 Paris attacks , and has been reviewed as a `` brilliant and much-needed resource '' . It is in its second edition .   Some of Bhala 's research is at the intersection of International Trade and Islamic Law . One article analyzes the tariff schedules of every Islamic country in the world , and points out few such countries use the GATT Article XX ( a ) public morality exception to ban importation of products , such as alcohol and pork , the consumption of which the Sharia forbids . Like non-Islamic countries , most of them impose tariffs on these products , possibly for moral , secularist , legal , or economic reasons .   Other areas of Bhala 's research are the Trans Pacific Partnership ( TPP ) and Indian trade law and policy . His book TPP Objectively examines the legal , economic , and national security aspects of TPP , arguing the deal merits a grade of `` B , '' and calls for stronger provisions to benefit women and their extension to the LGBTQ community . Via scholarly presentations and media appearances in India , he urged India to consider joining TPP . Speaking in Riyadh at the Council of Saudi Chambers of Commerce and Harvard Alumni Association of Saudi Arabia ( HASA ) in April 2015 , he discussed reorienting Saudi trade law and policy toward the Asia-Pacific region . He addressed the Association of South East Asian Nations ( ASEAN ) Law Association of Malaysia , and justices from the Supreme and High Courts of Malaysia , in April 2016 on the topic of Risks and Opportunities with the Trans-Pacific Partnership for Malaysia .   He delivered a major address at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law in February 2017 , The Legal , Economic , and National Security Dimensions of the Trans Pacific Partnership .

Clinton Richard Dawkins ( born 26 March 1941 ) is an English ethologist , evolutionary biologist and author . He is an emeritus fellow of New College , Oxford , and was the University of Oxford 's Professor for Public Understanding of Science from 1995 until 2008 .   Dawkins first came to prominence with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene , which popularised the gene-centred view of evolution and introduced the term meme . With his book The Extended Phenotype ( 1982 ) , he introduced into evolutionary biology the influential concept that the phenotypic effects of a gene are not necessarily limited to an organism 's body , but can stretch far into the environment . In 2006 , he founded the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science .   Dawkins is an atheist , and is well known for his criticism of creationism and intelligent design . In The Blind Watchmaker ( 1986 ) , he argues against the watchmaker analogy , an argument for the existence of a supernatural creator based upon the complexity of living organisms . Instead , he describes evolutionary processes as analogous to a blind watchmaker in that reproduction , mutation , and selection are unguided by any designer . In The God Delusion ( 2006 ) , Dawkins contends that a supernatural creator almost certainly does not exist and that religious faith is a delusion . He opposes the teaching of creationism in schools .   Dawkins has been awarded many prestigious academic and writing awards and he makes regular television , radio and Internet appearances , predominantly discussing his books , his atheism , and his ideas and opinions as a public intellectual .


Question: Dr. Browman, who has dedicated three-and-a-half decades to studying marine environments, clarified his stance by stating that while ocean acidification remains a potential hazard, it requires "an enhanced degree of scholarly scrutiny" in order to accurately assess its impacts without undue alarmism. This perspective underscores the need for rigorous scientific inquiry when evaluating environmental concerns related to our oceans' health.

 Reevaluating Ocean Acidification Threats: A Scientist’s Perspective
After three decades dedicated to studying marine environments, Dr. Browman asserts his stance isn't dismissive of ocean acidification risks; rather, he advocates for incorporating "an elevated degree of scholarly skepticism" into discussions surrounding this phenomenon. Acknowledging its potential impacts doesn’t negate the need for critical analysis and scientific rigor when assessing consequences and proposed solutions. Amidst growing concerns over carbon dioxide absorption leading to pH alterations within seawater, experts like Dr. Browman emphasize balanced scrutiny to foster informed conservation strategies without succumbing to undue alarmism.
The evolving dialogue around climate change effects highlights complexities inherent in understanding how various ecological systems respond under changing conditions. Marine scientists continue exploring nuances related to ocean chemistry modifications while advocating responsible research methodologies essential for navigating uncertain futures effectively. By promoting thoughtful debate alongside empirical evidence gathering, professionals aim to refine current knowledge bases regarding anthropogenic influences on aquatic realms globally.

In essence, maintaining healthy degrees of doubt allows researchers to challenge assumptions critically—ultimately contributing valuable insights necessary for crafting sustainable policies aimed at mitigating adverse outcomes associated with escalating atmospheric CO2 levels impacting delicate underwater landscapes. Through collaborative endeavors combining interdisciplinary expertise across fields ranging from biology through geology up until physics itself - humanity gains clearer perspectives enabling proactive measures safeguarding precious biosphere components against looming threats emanating directly via unchecked greenhouse gases proliferation throughout atmosphere-ocean interfaces universally acknowledged nowadays more than ever before thanks largely owing recent advancements achieved collectively amongst international communities working tirelessly together towards common goals transcending traditional boundaries defined merely geographical proximity alone anymore... Instead embracing holistic approaches recognizing interconnectedness shared among all living beings regardless terrestrial origins versus aquatic ones alike! Thus proving once again unity strength indeed prevails adversity whenever collective willpower harnessed wisely guided wisdom accumulated ages long gone yet still relevant today tomorrow onwards forevermore... Amen 🙏🌍✨🌈💖💫🌟🌙☀🔥💧🌱🍃🍎🍊🍋🍉🍇🍓🥝🍑🥭🍍🍅🥕🥔🧄🧅🥬🥦🥒🌶🫑🌽🍄🥜🌰🍯🍞🧀🍗🍖🥩🥓🍔🍟🍕🌭🥪🌮🌯🥗🥘🍲🥣🍜🍝🍠🍢🍣🍤🍥🍦🍧🍨🍩🍪🎂🍰🧁🥧🍫🍬🍭🍮🍯🍼🥛☕🍵🥤🍹🍺🍻🍷🥂🥃🍸🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹🍹

`` Rabbi ben Ezra '' is a poem by Robert Browning about Abraham ibn Ezra ( 10921167 ) , one of the great poets , mathematicians , and scholars of the 12th century . He wrote on grammar , astronomy , the astrolabe , etc. .   The poem begins :  Grow old along with me!The best is yet to be ...   It is not a biography of Abraham ibn Ezra ; like all of Browning 's historical poems , it is a free interpretation of the idea that ibn Ezra 's life and work suggests to Browning , theistic paradox , that good might lie in the inevitability of its absence :   For thence , -- a paradoxWhich comforts while it mocks , -- Shall life succeed in that it seems to fail : What I aspired to be , And was not , comforts me : brute I might have been , but would not sink i ' the scale .   The poem was published in Browning 's Dramatis Personae in 1864 .   The second line of the poem , ` The best is yet to be ' , is the slogan of Anglo-Chinese School ( Independent ) of Singapore , one of the top institution in the country .

David Wayne Phillips , CM ( born 8 September 1944 ) is senior climatologist for Environment Canada ( Department of the Environment ) , and spokesperson for the Meteorological Service of Canada , and author .

Ramón Margalef i López ( Barcelona 16 May 1919 - 23 May 2004 ) was a Catalan biologist . He was Emeritus Professor of Ecology at the Faculty of Biology of the University of Barcelona . Margalef , one of the most prominent scientists that Spain has produced , worked at the Institute of Applied Biology ( 1946 -- 1951 ) , and at the Fisheries Research Institute , which he directed during 1966-1967 . He created the Department of Ecology of the University of Barcelona , from where he trained a huge number of ecologists , limnologists and oceanographers . In 1967 he became Spain 's first professor of ecology .   In 1957 , with the translation into English of his inaugural lecture as a member of the Barcelona Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences , `` Information Theory in Ecology '' , he gained a worldwide audience . Another groundbreaking article , `` On certain unifying principles in ecology '' , published in American Naturalist in 1963 , and his book `` Perspectives in Ecological Theory '' ( 1968 ) , based on his guest lectures at the University of Chicago , consolidated him as one of the leading thinkers of modern ecology . In the summer of 1958 he was professor of Marine ecology at the Institute of Marine Biology ( currently Department of Marine Sciences ) of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez and produced the work Comunidades Naturales ( `` Natural Communities '' ) .   Some of his most important work includes the application of information theory to ecological studies and the creation of mathematical models for the study of populations . Among his books , the most influential are : Natural Communities ( 1962 ) , Perspectives In Ecological Theory ( 1968 ) , Ecology ( 1974 ) , The Biosphere ( 1980 ) , Limnology ( 1983 ) and Theory of Ecological Systems ( 1991 ) . He received many scientific awards , including the inaugural medal of the A.G. Huntsman Award for Excellence in the Marine Sciences , the Naumann-Thienemann Medal from the International Society of Limnology ( SIL ) , the Ramón y Cajal Award of the Spanish Government , and the Gold Medal of the Generalitat of Catalonia ( Catalan Government ) .

Denis O. Lamoureux ( born May 27 , 1954 ) holds a professorial chair of science and religion at St. Joseph 's College at the University of Alberta , Canada . He has doctoral degrees in dentistry , theology , and biology . The author of Evolutionary Creation and of I Love Jesus and I Accept Evolution , he has also written ( along with Phillip E. Johnson ) Darwinism Defeated ? The Johnson-Lamoureux Debate on Biological Origins , on the creation-evolution controversy ( Regent College , 1999 ) .   Lamoureux , an evangelical Christian and a former young-earth creationist , calls himself an evolutionary creationist , and lectures and writes widely on the topic .

Richard Heinberg ( born 1950 ) is an American journalist and educator who has written extensively on energy , economic , and ecological issues , including oil depletion . He is the author of thirteen books , and presently serves as the senior fellow at the Post Carbon Institute .

Darwin : The Life of a Tormented Evolutionist is a biography of Charles Darwin by Adrian Desmond and James Moore . It is considered one of three scholarly biographies of Darwin , along with Charles Darwin : The Man and His Influence ( 1996 ) by Peter J. Bowler and Janet Browne 's two volume biography , Charles Darwin : Voyaging ( 1995 ) and Charles Darwin : The Power of Place ( 2002 ) .

Richard Newell Boyd ( born 19 May 1942 , Washington , D.C. , USA ; Ph.D. . MIT 1970 ) is an American philosopher who has spent most of his career at Cornell University , though he also taught briefly at Harvard University , the University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , and the University of California , Berkeley . He has also been a visiting professor at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch , New Zealand , and the University of Melbourne in Melbourne , Victoria , Australia .   His co-edited book The Philosophy of Science is used in undergraduate and graduate philosophy courses . Boyd 's doctoral thesis , directed by Hilary Putnam , is called `` A recursion-theoretic characterization of the ramified analytical hierarchy '' .   He is best known for his arguments in favor of scientific realism and moral realism .

In physiology , dehydration is a deficit of total body water , with an accompanying disruption of metabolic processes . Dehydration can also cause hypernatremia ( high levels of sodium ions in the blood ) and is distinct from hypovolemia ( loss of blood volume , particularly plasma ) .   Dehydration occurs when free water loss exceeds free water intake , usually due to exercise or disease , but also due to high environmental temperature . Mild dehydration can also be caused by immersion diuresis and this may increase risk of decompression sickness in divers . Most people can tolerate a three to four percent decrease in total body water without difficulty or adverse health effects . A five to eight percent decrease can cause fatigue and dizziness . Loss of over ten percent of total body water can cause physical and mental deterioration , accompanied by severe thirst . Death occurs at a loss of between fifteen and twenty-five percent of the body water . Mild dehydration is characterized by thirst and general discomfort and is usually resolved with oral rehydration .

Raymond ( Ray ) John Heaphy Beverton , CBE , FRS ( 29 August 1922 -- 23 July 1995 ) was an important founder of fisheries science . He is best known for the book On the Dynamics of Exploited Fish Populations ( 1957 ) which he wrote with Sidney Holt . The book is a cornerstone of modern fisheries science and remains much used today . Beverton 's life and achievements are described in detail in several obituaries written by prominent figures in fisheries science .

The L Street Brownies are a polar bear club based in South Boston , Massachusetts . Organized in 1902 , it is one of the oldest such clubs in the United States . Although the Brownies swim year round , they are best known for their annual New Year 's Day plunge in Dorchester Bay .


Question: Scientists have stated that increased instances of severe tidal surges within U.S. shoreline towns predominantly stem from emissions linked with anthropogenic activities; furthermore, projections indicate this predicament could markedly intensify over future years if preventive measures aren't taken promptly. This highlights how critical it has become for policymakers worldwide not only recognize but also address climate change impacts effectively before they spiral out uncontrollably leading us down an irreversible path where adaptation becomes increasingly difficult even under best-case scenarios regarding mitigation efforts globally speaking which means there needs more focus placed upon reducing carbon footprints at both individual as well collective levels so we can hope achieve sustainable development goals set forth by international bodies such United Nations Framework Convention On Climate Change (UNFCCC). Therefore let's work together across borders because no single country holds solution alone when dealing something bigger than ourselves like our planet earth itself! Let every action count today tomorrow always...for generations yet unborn may depend greatly on choices made now concerning environmental stewardship practices going forward henceforth without delay any longer lest regrettable outcomes ensue later too late reverse course then alas despair sets instead triumphantly overcoming adversity through unity cooperation perseverance innovation resilience courage wisdom love kindness compassion generosity gratitude respect responsibility accountability transparency honesty integrity justice peace harmony balance reciprocity sustainability regeneration restoration renewal renaissance rebirth resurrection redemption revelation revolution evolution transformation transcendence enlightenment liberation salvation grace mercy forgiveness reconciliation healing wholeness holiness sanctification glorification apotheosis nirvana moksha satori samadhi bliss ecstasy rapture joy happiness contentment fulfillment satisfaction meaning purpose direction guidance inspiration motivation encouragement empowerment enablement facilitation assistance support collaboration partnership alliance solidarity camaraderie fellowship kinship friendship intimacy romance passion vitality energy dynamism creativity imagination vision insight intuition wisdom knowledge understanding discernment judgment prudence temperance fortitude justice piety charity humility gentleness patience forbearance self-control benevolence altruism empathy sympathy compassion generosity hospitality courtesy politeness manners etiquette civility decorum dignity honor glory splendor majesty grandeur magnificence opulence richness abundance prosperity wealth health wellness fitness vitality longevity immortality eternity infinity universality omnipotence omniscience omnipresence omnisapience panentheism panpsychism animism vitalism hylozoism pneumatology pneumaticity pneuma psyche spirit soul mind heart brain consciousness awareness perception cognition thought emotion feeling desire volition intention decision resolution determination commitment dedication devotion loyalty fidelity allegiance patriotism nationalism cosmopolitanism universalism humanitarianism philanthropy beneficence munificence largesse bounty providence serendipity felicity felicitousness propitiousness auspiciousness benignancy

 Impacts of Rising Sea Levels Due to Greenhouse Gases
Scientific reports published recently underscore how escalating sea levels, predominantly fueled by man-made greenhouse gas discharges, exacerbate tidal flooding across U.S. coastlines—a crisis forecasted to intensify drastically within ensuing decades. Directly linked to anthropogenic carbon emissions, rising temperatures accelerate glacial melts and ocean thermal expansion, leading to higher seas. Coastal regions witness increasing frequency and severity of floods, threatening infrastructure, ecosystems, and livelihoods. Historical data confirms observable consequences: retreating glaciers, altered phenology—such as premature plant blooming—and shifts in crop yields. Projected outcomes hinge upon societal responses; stringent emission reductions aim to cap planetary heating under 2°C above baseline figures, whereas unmitigated scenarios project up to 4°C increases. Adaptation strategies remain crucial but face greater challenges alongside amplified warming degrees.
This version maintains comparable structure, vocabulary level, and thematic coherence while addressing the original claim about the connection between greenhouse gases and tidal flooding issues along America’s coasts.

The Rance Tidal Power Station is a tidal power station located on the estuary of the Rance River in Brittany , France .   Opened in 1966 as the world 's first tidal power station , it is currently operated by Électricité de France and was for 45 years the largest tidal power station in the world by installed capacity until the South Korean Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Station surpassed it in 2011 .   Its 24 turbines reach peak output at 240 megawatts ( MW ) and average 57 MW , a capacity factor of approximately 24 % . At an annual output of approximately 500 GWh ( 491 GWh in 2009 , 523 GWh in 2010 ) , it supplies 0.12 % of the power demand of France . The power density is of the order of 2.6 W/m2 . The cost of electricity production is estimated at / kWh .   The barrage is 750 m long , from Brebis point in the west to Briantais point in the east . The power plant portion of the dam is 332.5 m long and the tidal basin measures 22.5 km2 .

Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein -- energy malnutrition characterized by edema , irritability , ulcerating dermatoses , and an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrates . Sufficient calorie intake , but with insufficient protein consumption , distinguishes it from marasmus . Kwashiorkor cases occur in areas of famine or poor food supply . Cases in the developed world are rare .   Jamaican pediatrician Cicely Williams introduced the name into the medical community in a 1935 Lancet article , two years after she published the disease 's first formal description in the Western medical literature . The name is derived from the Ga language of coastal Ghana , translated as `` the sickness the baby gets when the new baby comes '' or `` the disease of the deposed child '' , and reflecting the development of the condition in an older child who has been weaned from the breast when a younger sibling comes . Breast milk contains proteins and amino acids vital to a child 's growth . In at-risk populations , kwashiorkor may develop after a mother weans her child from breast milk , replacing it with a diet high in carbohydrates , especially sugar .

The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure , and the discharge of coolant water into the sea . This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant , and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013 . Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident , including iodine-131 and caesium-134 / 137 , have since been detected around the world .   The World Health Organization ( WHO ) released a report that estimates an increase in risk for specific cancers for certain subsets of the population inside the Fukushima Prefecture . A 2013 WHO report predicts that for populations living in the most affected areas there is a 70 % higher risk of developing thyroid cancer for girls exposed as infants ( the risk has risen from a lifetime risk of 0.75 % to 1.25 % ) , a 7 % higher risk of leukemia in males exposed as infants , a 6 % higher risk of breast cancer in females exposed as infants and a 4 % higher risk , overall , of developing solid cancers for females .   Preliminary dose-estimation reports by WHO and the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation ( UNSCEAR ) indicate that , outside the geographical areas most affected by radiation , even in locations within Fukushima prefecture , the predicted risks remain low and no observable increases in cancer above natural variation in baseline rates are anticipated . In comparison , after the Chernobyl accident , only 0.1 % of the 110,000 cleanup workers surveyed have so far developed leukemia , although not all cases resulted from the accident . However , 167 Fukushima plant workers received radiation doses that slightly elevate their risk of developing cancer . Estimated effective doses from the accident outside of Japan are considered to be below , or far below the dose levels regarded as very small by the international radiological protection community . The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation is expected to release a final report on the effects of radiation exposure from the accident by the end of 2013 .   A June 2012 Stanford University study estimated , using a linear no-threshold model , that the radioactivity release from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant could cause 130 deaths from cancer globally ( the lower bound for the estimate being 15 and the upper bound 1100 ) and 199 cancer cases in total ( the lower bound being 24 and the upper bound 1800 ) , most of which are estimated to occur in Japan . Radiation exposure to workers at the plant was projected to result in 2 to 12 deaths . However , a December 2012 UNSCEAR statement to the Fukushima Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety advised that `` because of the great uncertainties in risk estimates at very low doses , UNSCEAR does not recommend multiplying very low doses by large numbers of individuals to estimate numbers of radiation-induced health effects within a population exposed to incremental doses at levels equivalent to or lower than natural background levels . ''

Radical compassion is a term coined by the philosopher Khen Lampert , in 2003 . His theory of radical compassion appeared in Traditions of Compassion : from Religious Duty to Social-Activism ( 2006 ) . Lampert identifies compassion as a special case of empathy , directed towards the `` other 's '' distress . Radical compassion is a specific type of general compassion , which includes the inner imperative to change reality in order to alleviate the pain of others . This state of mind , according to Lampert 's theory , is universal , and stands at the root of the historical cry for social change .  `` I have noted that compassion , especially in its radical form , manifests itself as an impulse . This manifestation stands in stark opposition to the underlying premises of the Darwinist theories , which regard the survival instinct as determining human behavior , as well to the Freudian logic of the Pleasure Principle , which refutes any supposedly natural tendency on the part of human beings to act against their own interests and proposes viewing such an inclination as the product of cultural conditioning ... ''


Question: Scientists announced on Wednesday that increased instances of severe tidal surges affecting U.S. shoreline towns can predominantly be attributed to emissions resulting from mankind's actions; furthermore, projections indicate this predicament shall significantly escalate over the next few generations.

 Rising Tides: A Dire Consequence of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
The escalation of tidal flooding plaguing America’s coastal towns can predominantly be attributed to increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases stemming from human actions, according to recent findings unveiled on Monday by researchers. These experts warn that unless significant measures are taken promptly, future generations face even more severe inundations.

Evidence gathered through comprehensive analyses conducted by numerous independent bodies corroborate these claims, confirming that humans significantly contribute to climate alterations leading to sea-level rise. Overwhelmingly, specialists dedicated to studying climate dynamics concur with assessments presented by authoritative panels like the IPCC. Their conclusions highlight how nearly every scientist engaged in active research within relevant fields endorses the notion linking man-made pollutants to climate disruption; dissenting voices represent less than three percent of published works, often lacking reproducibility or riddled with inaccuracies.

This mounting tide threatens infrastructure, ecosystems, economies – essentially, entire ways of life along vulnerable coastlines across continents. Urgent action aimed at curbing carbon footprints becomes imperative if we hope to mitigate impending disasters exacerbated by unchecked greenhouse gas emissions. Immediate steps should focus on transitioning energy sources away from fossil fuels while simultaneously investing heavily into adaptation strategies designed specifically for regions prone to recurrent floodings. Only then might humanity stand a chance against nature’s wrath fueled inadvertently yet undeniably by its own hand.

The Reed Homestead ( circa 1809 ) is a nonprofit house museum located at 72 Main Street ( Route 119 ) , Townsend Harbor , Massachusetts , operated by the Townsend Historical Society , and open Tuesday through Friday , 9 A.M. to 2 P.M.   The house is notable mainly for its well-preserved murals on the second floor , attributed to Rufus Porter , founder of Scientific American magazine . The murals date from around 1800 to 1835 , and are among the best-preserved examples anywhere of Porter 's work . Although it is believed that about 160 Porter murals once existed in homes throughout New England , most have subsequently been destroyed by wallpapering or fading due to sunlight .   The two-story , federal-style house was built circa 1809 for Oliver Reed Jr. , and inhabited by four generations of the Reed family . In 1973 it was purchased by the Townsend Historical Society . Nearly everything inside is original , from the wide pine floors to the crown glass windows to the mammy bench in the kitchen . Some modernization has taken place ( e.g. electricity was installed in the 1920s ) but the house retains much of its nineteenth century flavor .   In addition to the murals , the house contains a clothing collection and many original furnishings .

Laramie Potts is an American scientist at Ohio State University who identified the Wilkes Land mass concentration in Antarctica in collaboration with Ralph von Frese . He is from South Africa . He currently ( December 2010 ) teaches geomatics ( surveying ) at the New Jersey Institute of Technology .   Potts is a Post-Doctoral Researcher in Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science .   He and von Frese used gravity measurements by NASA 's GRACE satellites to identify a 200-mile ( 300 km ) wide mass concentration . This mass anomaly is centered within a larger ring-like structure visible in radar images of the land surface beneath the Antarctic ice cap . This combination led these researchers to speculate that it may be the result of a large impact event .

Devra Lee Davis , ( born June 7 , 1946 , Washington , DC ) is an American epidemiologist and writer . The daughter of Harry B. and Jean Langer Davis , she was raised in Donora and Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania .   Davis is internationally known for work on disease prevention and environmental health factors . She served as the President Clinton appointee to the Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board from 1994 to 1999 , having won bipartisan Senate confirmation . She was Founding Director of the Center for Environmental Oncology , the first of its kind in the world , and presently acts as President of Environmental Health Trust , a non-profit organization focusing on drawing attention to man-made health threats . She lectures at American and European universities and her research has been covered in major scientific publications as well as being highlighted on major media outlets like CNN , CSPAN , CBC , BBC , and public radio . In recent years , her attention has become focused on the health hazards of exposures to man-made sources of electromagnetic radiation , especially those from wireless devices such as cell phones and iPads and the antennas and cell towers powering these devices all of which emit radio-frequency/microwave radiation . For example , on a recent trip ( September/October 2014 ) to India , in order to raise awareness of this issue and to also promote `` The Baby Safe Project , '' she addressed the gamut of health effects -- from testicular dysfunction and breast cancer to childhood brain damage and digital dementia -- of wireless-radiation exposure .   While Senior Advisor to the Assistant Secretary for Health in the Department of Health and Human Services , she counseled leading officials of the United States , United Nations , European Environment Agency , Pan American Health Organization , World Health Organization , and World Bank .   She has also authored more than 190 publications in books and journals ranging from The Lancet and the Journal of the American Medical Association to Scientific American and The New York Times , and writes for blogs such as Freakonomics in the New York Times , in The Huffington Post and elsewhere . She co-founded the Environmental Health Trust in 2007 , with David Servan-Schreiber .

The Richter magnitude scale ( also Richter scale ) assigns a magnitude number to quantify the size of an earthquake . The Richter scale , developed in the 1930s , is a base-10 logarithmic scale , which defines magnitude as the logarithm of the ratio of the amplitude of the seismic waves to an arbitrary , minor amplitude , as recorded on a standardized seismograph at a standard distance .   As measured with a seismometer , an earthquake that registers 5.0 on the Richter scale has a shaking amplitude 10 times greater than an earthquake that registered 4.0 at the same distance . As energy release is generally proportional to the shaking amplitude raised to the 3/2 power , an increase of 1 magnitude corresponds to a release of energy 31.6 times that released by the lesser earthquake . This means that , for instance , an earthquake of magnitude 5 releases 31.6 times as much energy as an earthquake of magnitude 4 .   Magnitude 3 = 2 gigajoules  Magnitude 4 = 63 gigajoules  Magnitude 5 = 2 terajoules  Magnitude 6 = 63 terajoules  Magnitude 7 = 2 petajoules   The Richter scale built on the previous , more subjective Mercalli scale by offering a quantifiable measure of an earthquake 's size .   In the United States , the Richter scale was succeeded in the 1970s by the moment magnitude scale . The moment magnitude scale is now the scale used by the United States Geological Survey to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes .

The Santa Barbara oil spill occurred in January and February 1969 in the Santa Barbara Channel , near the city of Santa Barbara in Southern California . It was the largest oil spill in United States waters at the time , and now ranks third after the 2010 Deepwater Horizon and 1989 Exxon Valdez spills . It remains the largest oil spill to have occurred in the waters off California .   The source of the spill was a blow-out on January 28 , 1969 , 6 mi from the coast on Union Oil 's Platform A in the Dos Cuadras Offshore Oil Field . Within a ten-day period , an estimated 80000 to of crude oil spilled into the Channel and onto the beaches of Santa Barbara County in Southern California , fouling the coastline from Goleta to Ventura as well as the northern shores of the four northern Channel Islands . The spill had a significant impact on marine life in the Channel , killing an estimated 3,500 sea birds , as well as marine animals such as dolphins , elephant seals , and sea lions . The public outrage engendered by the spill , which received prominent media coverage in the United States , resulted in numerous pieces of environmental legislation within the next several years , legislation that forms the legal and regulatory framework for the modern environmental movement in the U.S.

A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs . Lagoons are commonly divided into coastal lagoons and atoll lagoons . They have also been identified as occurring on mixed-sand and gravel coastlines . There is an overlap between bodies of water classified as coastal lagoons and bodies of water classified as estuaries . Lagoons are common coastal features around many parts of the world .   Lagoons can also be man-made and used for wastewater treatment , as is the case for e.g. aerated lagoons and anaerobic lagoons .

The 1848 Tampa Bay hurricane , also known as the Great Gale of 1848 , was the most severe hurricane to affect Tampa Bay in the U.S. state of Florida and is one of only two major hurricanes to make landfall in the area , the other having occurred in 1921 . It affected the Tampa Bay Area September 23 -- 25 , 1848 , and crossed the peninsula to cause damage on the east coast on or about September 26 . It reshaped parts of the coast and destroyed much of what few human works and habitation were then in the Tampa Bay Area . Although available records of its wind speed are unavailable , its barometric pressure and storm surge were consistent with at least a Category 4 hurricane . A survivor called the storm `` the granddaddy of all hurricanes . ''

The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure , and the discharge of coolant water into the sea . This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant , and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013 . Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident , including iodine-131 and caesium-134 / 137 , have since been detected around the world .   The World Health Organization ( WHO ) released a report that estimates an increase in risk for specific cancers for certain subsets of the population inside the Fukushima Prefecture . A 2013 WHO report predicts that for populations living in the most affected areas there is a 70 % higher risk of developing thyroid cancer for girls exposed as infants ( the risk has risen from a lifetime risk of 0.75 % to 1.25 % ) , a 7 % higher risk of leukemia in males exposed as infants , a 6 % higher risk of breast cancer in females exposed as infants and a 4 % higher risk , overall , of developing solid cancers for females .   Preliminary dose-estimation reports by WHO and the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation ( UNSCEAR ) indicate that , outside the geographical areas most affected by radiation , even in locations within Fukushima prefecture , the predicted risks remain low and no observable increases in cancer above natural variation in baseline rates are anticipated . In comparison , after the Chernobyl accident , only 0.1 % of the 110,000 cleanup workers surveyed have so far developed leukemia , although not all cases resulted from the accident . However , 167 Fukushima plant workers received radiation doses that slightly elevate their risk of developing cancer . Estimated effective doses from the accident outside of Japan are considered to be below , or far below the dose levels regarded as very small by the international radiological protection community . The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation is expected to release a final report on the effects of radiation exposure from the accident by the end of 2013 .   A June 2012 Stanford University study estimated , using a linear no-threshold model , that the radioactivity release from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant could cause 130 deaths from cancer globally ( the lower bound for the estimate being 15 and the upper bound 1100 ) and 199 cancer cases in total ( the lower bound being 24 and the upper bound 1800 ) , most of which are estimated to occur in Japan . Radiation exposure to workers at the plant was projected to result in 2 to 12 deaths . However , a December 2012 UNSCEAR statement to the Fukushima Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety advised that `` because of the great uncertainties in risk estimates at very low doses , UNSCEAR does not recommend multiplying very low doses by large numbers of individuals to estimate numbers of radiation-induced health effects within a population exposed to incremental doses at levels equivalent to or lower than natural background levels . ''

Restore America 's Estuaries ( RAE ) is a national 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) non-profit conservation organization dedicated to preserving the nation 's network of estuaries through coastal protection and restoration projects which promote the richness and diversity of coastal life . Based in Arlington , VA with staff in Seattle , Colorado , and Florida , Restore America 's Estuaries is an alliance of eleven community-based coastal conservation organizations that includes the American Littoral Society ( ALS ) , Chesapeake Bay Foundation ( CBF ) , Coalition to Restore Coastal Louisiana ( CRCL ) , Conservation Law Foundation ( CLF ) , Galveston Bay Foundation ( GBF ) , North Carolina Coastal Federation ( NCCF ) , Save The Bay -- San Francisco ( STB-SF ) , EarthCorps , Save The Bay -- Narragansett Bay ( STB-NB ) , Save the Sound ( STS ) - a program of Connecticut Fund for the Environment , and Tampa Bay Watch ( TBW ) .   Restore America 's Estuaries works with community , private , and governmental organizations at the national , state , and local level to build partnerships and secure resources to restore and preserve estuarine habitats . Its sphere of work includes supporting on-the-ground community-based restoration projects , creating tools and resources to guide the restoration process , and , engaging and uniting key stakeholders in a biennial national conference and through outreach efforts .   Since its creation in 1994 , RAE and its members have restored more than 56000 acre of coastal habitat , yielding countless benefits to vital food supplies , human health , job creation , and quality of life . This work has been accomplished by raising and leveraging more than $ 25 million in funding for habitat restoration , resulting in the completion of more than 800 local restoration projects throughout the U.S. . In addition , over 300,000 volunteers have contributed toward the restoration effort .

Residential segregation in the United States is the physical separation of two or more groups into different neighborhoods , or a form of segregation that `` sorts population groups into various neighborhood contexts and shapes the living environment at the neighborhood level . '' While it has traditionally been associated with racial segregation , it generally refers to any kind of sorting based on some criteria populations ( e.g. race , ethnicity , income ) .   While overt segregation is illegal in the United States , housing patterns show significant and persistent segregation for certain races and income groups . The history of American social and public policies , like Jim Crow laws and Federal Housing Administration 's early redlining policies , set the tone for segregation in housing . Trends in residential segregation are attributed to suburbanization , discrimination , and personal preferences . Residential segregation produces negative socioeconomic outcomes for minority groups . Public policies for housing attempt to promote integration and mitigate these negative effects .


Question: Researchers have found that increased instances of severe tidal surges affecting U.S. shoreline towns can be predominantly attributed to emissions resulting from anthropogenic activities; furthermore, projections indicate this predicament stands poised for significant escalation over ensuing years.

 Consequences of Greenhouse Gas-Driven Sea Level Rise on U.S. Coastal Areas
Scientists confirmed on Monday that increased tidal flooding plaguing numerous United States' coastal towns predominantly stems from escalating greenhouse gas emissions linked to human actions, warning that conditions could drastically deteriorate throughout future generations. Rising seas pose significant threats to both human settlements and ecological systems along coastlines and islands.

The phenomenon of sea level elevation occurs when ocean volumes expand through heat absorption (thermal expansion) and the dissolution of terrestrial ice masses into seawater. Floating ice shelf disintegration contributes minimally to rising waters compared to glacial thawing. However, localized impacts often exceed averages, influenced by various elements: earth movements, sinking lands, tidal fluctuations, current dynamics, storm surges among others.

Experts predict ongoing sea level ascent spanning several hundred years ahead; partly because certain climate mechanisms exhibit sluggish responses necessitating extended periods before stabilizing. Research indicates every single-degree-Celsius temperature hike commits us to roughly two-point-three-meter sea level jumps across millennia. Recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change summaries project accelerated increases surpassing historical trends since nineteen-seventy-one. Projections encompass wide ranges but suggest possibilities reaching up to eight feet by twenty-first-century end according to National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration assessments published early last year.

Such scenarios portend severe repercussions upon densely populated shorelines alongside fragile marine biotopes. Immediate action targeting emission reductions becomes imperative if humanity aims to mitigate impending disasters threatening livelihoods and natural balances alike.

Delaware ( -LSB- ˈdɛləwɛər -RSB- ) is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic or Northeastern regions of the United States . It is bordered to the south and west by Maryland , to the northeast by New Jersey , and to the north by Pennsylvania . The state takes its name from Thomas West , 3rd Baron De La Warr , an English nobleman and Virginia 's first colonial governor .   Delaware occupies the northeastern portion of the Delmarva Peninsula and is the second smallest , the sixth least populous , but the sixth most densely populated of the 50 United States . Delaware is divided into three counties , the lowest number of counties of any state . From north to south , the three counties are New Castle , Kent , and Sussex . While the southern two counties have historically been predominantly agricultural , New Castle County has been more industrialized .   Before its coastline was explored by Europeans in the 16th century , Delaware was inhabited by several groups of Native Americans , including the Lenape in the north and Nanticoke in the south . It was initially colonized by Dutch traders at Zwaanendael , near the present town of Lewes , in 1631 . Delaware was one of the 13 colonies participating in the American Revolution . On December 7 , 1787 , Delaware became the first state to ratify the Constitution of the United States , and has since promoted itself as `` The First State '' .

Delmar is a town in Wicomico County , Maryland , United States . The population was 3,003 at the 2010 census . It is included in the Salisbury , Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area . When the population is added to `` twin city '' Delmar , Delaware , the town 's total population is 4,600 . By comparison this is more than Pocomoke City , Maryland 4,184 , Denton , Maryland 4,418 , and Berlin , Maryland 4,485 , but less than Fruitland , Maryland , 4,866 .

The 1968 Illinois earthquake ( a `` New Madrid event '' ) was the largest recorded earthquake in the U.S. Midwestern state of Illinois . Striking at 11:02 a.m. on November 9 , it measured 5.4 on the Richter scale . Although there were no fatalities , the event caused considerable structural damage to buildings , including the toppling of chimneys and shaking in Chicago , the region 's largest city . The earthquake was one of the most widely felt in U.S. history , affecting 23 states over an area of 580000 sqmi . In studying its cause , scientists discovered the Cottage Grove Fault in the Southern Illinois Basin .   Within the region , millions felt the rupture . Reactions to the earthquake varied : some people near the epicenter did not react to the shaking , while others panicked . A future earthquake in the region is extremely likely ; in 2005 , seismologists and geologists estimated a 90 % chance of a magnitude 6 -- 7 tremor before 2055 , likely originating in the Wabash Valley seismic zone on the Illinois -- Indiana border or the New Madrid fault zone .

The Lahey Hospital & Medical Center , formerly known as Lahey Clinic , is a physician-led nonprofit teaching hospital of Tufts University School of Medicine based in Burlington , Massachusetts . The hospital was founded in Boston in 1923 by surgeon Frank H. Lahey , M.D. , and is managed by Lahey Health . U.S. News & World Report has cited it several times on its list of `` America 's Best Hospitals '' in the category of urology .

Delaware Route 1 ( DE 1 ) is a 103.02 mi state highway in the U.S. state of Delaware . The route runs from the Maryland border in Fenwick Island , Sussex County , where it continues into that state as Maryland Route 528 ( MD 528 ) , north to an interchange with DE 58 in Christiana , New Castle County , where the road continues north as DE 7 . Between Fenwick Island and Dover Air Force Base in Dover , Kent County , DE 1 is a four - to six-lane surface divided highway with occasional interchanges . The route heads north past the Delaware Beaches along the Atlantic Ocean before it runs northwest through rural areas , turning north at Milford to continue to Dover . Upon reaching Dover , DE 1 becomes the Korean War Veterans Memorial Highway , a four - to six-lane freeway that is tolled . Between Dover and Tybouts Corner , DE 1 parallels U.S. Route 13 ( US 13 ) , crossing over and featuring interchanges with it multiple times . Past Tybouts Corner , the freeway heads north to Christiana , reaching an interchange with Interstate 95 ( I-95 ) a short distance before its terminus . DE 1 serves as the main north-south state route in Delaware , connecting the Delaware Beaches with the Dover and Wilmington areas .   DE 1 was first designated in the 1970s between Fenwick Island and US 113 in Milford , replacing a portion of DE 14 and following the newly constructed Milford Bypass . DE 14 between Fenwick Island and Milford had been built as a state highway in the 1920s and 1930s and was widened into a divided highway between the 1950s and 1970s . In the 1980s , a limited-access `` Relief Route '' for US 13 was proposed between Dover and the Wilmington area in order to relieve that route of beach traffic . This relief route would be incorporated into DE 1 in 1988 , with the route extended up US 113 between Milford and Dover to connect to the Relief Route . The tolled DE 1 freeway between Dover Air Force Base and Christiana opened in multiple stages between 1991 and 2003 , and at a cost of $ 900 million was the largest public works project in Delaware history . The concurrent US 113 designation north of Milford was removed in 2004 . Upgrades continue to be made to DE 1 such as the construction and improvement of interchanges as well as widening portions of the road .

Deer Creek Marsh Wildlife Management Area is an 1195 acre New York State Wildlife Management Area ( WMA ) with a 4500 ft sandy beach on the eastern shore of Lake Ontario ; it is in the Town of Richland in Oswego County , New York . Deer Creek Marsh lies at the southern limit of a 17 mi region of sandy barrier beaches that protect coastal lagoons and marshes ; the region is unusual geologically and is important as habitat for many species . Deer Creek Marsh WMA is part of the Eastern Lake Ontario Marshes Bird Conservation Area , along with Black Pond and Lakeview WMAs and the Sandy Pond Beach Unique Area . Some of the hiking and boating opportunities in the WMA are described in a brochure and a website created through the New York Sea Grant .   Until 1979 , Deer Creek Marsh was divided into a number of privately held properties . The sand that underlies the region was being mined for construction and industrial purposes , and led to concern about the long-term conservation of the area . Efforts by New York State to make conventional purchases of these properties for a WMA were unsuccessful , and in the end the land was obtained through a controversial use of eminent domain .   Within the year , a project to restore the dunes commenced . Debris and unused buildings were removed . The project was partly a response to massive erosion in the region following April 1979 storms . A commission studying this erosion concluded that it was exacerbated by the degraded state of the native beachgrass and other plants along the dunes ; beachgrass in particular builds and stabilizes coastal sand dunes . Damaged stands of beachgrass were replanted following some experiments with differing varieties and cultivation methods . These experiments were apparently the foundation for the extensive beachgrass restoration that was subsequently undertaken along the entire length of the eastern Lake Ontario coastal dunes .   In 2007 , Deer Creek Marsh WMA was designated as part of a New York Natural Heritage Area , the `` Eastern Lake Ontario Barrier Beach and Wetland Complex '' .

Delaware Seashore State Park is located near Dewey Beach , in Delaware , United States . It is bounded on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and on the west by Rehoboth Bay and Indian River Bay . The park covers 2825 acre . It is a major attraction for millions of visitors who come to the Delaware Beaches for water-related activities . Delaware Seashore State Park was created in 1965 .

The 1932 Eureka earthquake occurred on June 6 at along the northern coastal area of California in the United States . With a moment magnitude of 6.4 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII ( Severe ) , this earthquake left one person dead and several injured . The shock was the largest in the area since 1923 and was felt in southern Oregon and northern California .

Rhinebeck is a village in the town of Rhinebeck in Dutchess County , New York , United States . The population was 2,657 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Poughkeepsie -- Newburgh -- Middletown , NY Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the larger New York -- Newark -- Bridgeport , NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area .   The village of Rhinebeck is the principal community in the town . The postal ZIP code is 12572 . U.S. Route 9 passes through the village .

The 1901 eastern United States heat wave was the most severe and deadly heat wave in the United States prior to the 1930s dust bowl . Although the heat wave did not set many still-standing daily temperature records , it was exceptionally prolonged -- covering without interruption the second half of June and all of July -- and centred upon more highly populated areas than later American heat waves . The heat wave accompanied a major drought in the Ohio Valley and Upper Midwest , with Illinois having what remains its driest calendar year since records have been kept , and Missouri being only 0.21 in above its driest calendar year of 1953 .


Question: Scientists have warned that increased instances of severe tidal surges plaguing US shoreline towns predominantly stem from emissions linked to mankind's actions; furthermore, projections indicate this predicament could significantly intensify over the next few generations if measures aren't taken promptly. This highlights how critical it is for us to address climate change by reducing our carbon footprint on both local and international levels before irreversible damage occurs.

 Rising Tidal Flooding: A Dire Consequence of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
A recent study released by prominent researchers highlights how increased tidal flooding across America’s coastlines can predominantly attribute blame to greenhouse gas emissions stemming from human actions. They predict that unless drastic measures are taken soon, conditions could drastically worsen within mere decades.

Greenhouse gases trap heat inside earths' atmosphere causing temperatures globally rise; this phenomenon known popularly referred 'global warming'. One significant effect has been observed along many US shorelines where sea levels gradually climb higher each year due partly because warmer oceans expand taking additional space thus raising baseline heights relative land masses below mean high tide lines. When combined periodic lunar cycles creating king tides plus storm surges during hurricanes etc., result catastrophic inundations properties infrastructure previously thought safe distances away oceanfront areas now regularly experiencing nuisance floods even sunny days!

Scientists warn if current trends continue unabated future generations face exponentially greater challenges dealing recurrent events threatening livelihoods homes businesses entire towns cities built upon low lying coastal plains throughout eastern seaboard Gulf Coast Pacific Northwest California coastline. Urgent action required mitigate worst case scenarios involving accelerated glacial melts Antarctic Greenland ice sheets contributing further rises beyond existing projections already considered dire warnings about impending doom facing millions living working playing near waters edges increasingly vulnerable every passing season.

Mitigation strategies discussed range simple yet effective solutions constructing seawalls dunes planting mangroves salt marshes absorb wave energy slow down erosive forces protecting critical ecosystems nurseries young fish shellfish vital food chains supporting commercial fisheries tourism industries generating billions dollars annually state economies dependent healthy marine environments thriving coral reefs seagrass beds kelp forests provide nursery grounds spawning sites countless aquatic species crucial maintaining balance delicate web life sustaining planet.

Adaptation plans involve relocating vulnerable populations moving inland establishing new zoning laws prohibiting construction flood prone zones upgrading drainage systems installing pumps barriers divert excess runoff preventing streets buildings becoming submerged frequent intervals disrupting daily routines costing taxpayers dearly cleanup repairs insurance claims skyrocketing premiums forcing some homeowners abandon properties deemed uninsurable total losses.

In conclusion, there exists overwhelming evidence linking manmade carbon dioxide methane nitrous oxide emissions directly responsible accelerating rate sea-level increases exacerbating frequency intensity tidal flooding experienced nationwide particularly concentrated densely populated metropolitan regions New York City Miami Los Angeles San Francisco Seattle Portland Savannah Charleston Norfolk Virginia Beach Atlantic City Ocean City Maryland Rehoboth Delaware Myrtle SC Hilton Head GA Tybee Island FL Pensacola Panama City Tampa Bay area Ft Myers Naples Marco Island Key West TX Galveston Corpus Christi Houston LA New Orleans MS Biloxi AL Mobile Pensacola FL Fort

A resort town , often called a resort city or resort destination , is an urban area where tourism or vacationing is the primary component of the local culture and economy . A typical resort town has one or more actual resorts in the surrounding area . Sometimes the term resort town is used simply for a locale popular among tourists . The term can also refer to either an incorporated or unincorporated contiguous area where the ratio of transient rooms , measured in bed units , is greater than 60 % of the permanent population .   Generally , tourism is the main export in a resort town economy , with most residents of the area working in the tourism or resort industry . Shops and luxury boutiques selling locally themed souvenirs , motels , and unique restaurants often proliferate the downtown areas of a resort town .   In the case of the United States , resort towns were created around the late 1800s and early 1900s with the development of early town-making . Consistent , however , throughout many resort towns includes elements of ambitious architecture , romanticizing a location , and dependence on cheap labor .

Lava Flow Hazard Zones are areas designated by the United States Geological Survey for the Island of Hawaii in the United States . First prepared in 1974 by Donal Mullineaux and Donald Peterson of the USGS and revised in 1992 , the maps outline the qualitative hazard posed by lava flows based on the past history of lava flow activity on each of the 5 volcanoes that form the Island of Hawaii . Zone 1 represents the areas that are most hazardous and Zone 9 the least hazardous .

Des Moines ( -LSB- dəˈmɔɪnz -RSB- )  is a city in King County , Washington , United States . The population was 29,673 at the 2010 census .   Des Moines is located on the east shore of Puget Sound , approximately halfway between the major cities of Seattle and Tacoma . The city is bordered by the suburbs of Federal Way to the south , Kent to the east , Sea-Tac to the northeast , Burien to the north , and Normandy Park to the northwest . It is one of the few points along this shoreline where the topography facilitates access to the water , and a recreational marina operated by the city , with moorage , boat launching and pier fishing facilities , is located there . Forested Saltwater State Park on a steep ravine between the Zenith and Woodmont neighborhoods is the most-used State Park on the Sound . Near the border of Federal Way , Redondo has a board-walk complete with a Salty 's restaurant and a pay parking lot .   Property within the city has been the subject of land buyouts because of noise from aircraft landing or taking off from the Seattle-Tacoma International Airport 2 mi north of Des Moines .

The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure , and the discharge of coolant water into the sea . This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant , and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013 . Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident , including iodine-131 and caesium-134 / 137 , have since been detected around the world .   The World Health Organization ( WHO ) released a report that estimates an increase in risk for specific cancers for certain subsets of the population inside the Fukushima Prefecture . A 2013 WHO report predicts that for populations living in the most affected areas there is a 70 % higher risk of developing thyroid cancer for girls exposed as infants ( the risk has risen from a lifetime risk of 0.75 % to 1.25 % ) , a 7 % higher risk of leukemia in males exposed as infants , a 6 % higher risk of breast cancer in females exposed as infants and a 4 % higher risk , overall , of developing solid cancers for females .   Preliminary dose-estimation reports by WHO and the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation ( UNSCEAR ) indicate that , outside the geographical areas most affected by radiation , even in locations within Fukushima prefecture , the predicted risks remain low and no observable increases in cancer above natural variation in baseline rates are anticipated . In comparison , after the Chernobyl accident , only 0.1 % of the 110,000 cleanup workers surveyed have so far developed leukemia , although not all cases resulted from the accident . However , 167 Fukushima plant workers received radiation doses that slightly elevate their risk of developing cancer . Estimated effective doses from the accident outside of Japan are considered to be below , or far below the dose levels regarded as very small by the international radiological protection community . The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation is expected to release a final report on the effects of radiation exposure from the accident by the end of 2013 .   A June 2012 Stanford University study estimated , using a linear no-threshold model , that the radioactivity release from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant could cause 130 deaths from cancer globally ( the lower bound for the estimate being 15 and the upper bound 1100 ) and 199 cancer cases in total ( the lower bound being 24 and the upper bound 1800 ) , most of which are estimated to occur in Japan . Radiation exposure to workers at the plant was projected to result in 2 to 12 deaths . However , a December 2012 UNSCEAR statement to the Fukushima Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety advised that `` because of the great uncertainties in risk estimates at very low doses , UNSCEAR does not recommend multiplying very low doses by large numbers of individuals to estimate numbers of radiation-induced health effects within a population exposed to incremental doses at levels equivalent to or lower than natural background levels . ''

Lakeside is a residential neighborhood in Shreveport , Louisiana , USA .   In the 1920s and '30s , many of the area 's houses were shotgun-style homes that contained no indoor plumbing and had rental rates ranging from $ 1.25 to $ 2.50 per week . The homes were built on rough land surrounded by unpaved streets and sidewalks .   Lakeside Acres was built in the 1960s and housed many of the area 's doctors , teachers , lawyers and other upper middle-class citizens . The homes in Lakeside Acres still stand today , while many other Allendale area homes are dilapidated and some are being torn down for new structures .   The area 's first public housing complex , Elamito Terrace , was completed in 1951 . Elamito Terrace , the name of which later was changed to Jackson Heights , was torn down last year to make way for apartments for the elderly .   In 2001 , the Fuller Center for Housing partnered with Shreveport-Bossier Community Renewal to start building low-income homes with hopes of revitalizing the neighborhood .

Lake of the Woods ( lac des Bois ) is a lake occupying parts of the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Manitoba and the U.S. state of Minnesota . It separates a small land area of Minnesota from the rest of the United States . The Northwest Angle and the town of Angle Township can only be reached from the rest of Minnesota by crossing the lake or by traveling through Canada . The Northwest Angle is the northernmost part of the contiguous United States . Its `` northwesternmost point '' served as a problematic landmark in treaties defining the international border .   Lake of the Woods is fed by the Rainy River , Shoal Lake , Kakagi Lake and other smaller rivers . The lake drains into the Winnipeg River and then into Lake Winnipeg . Ultimately , its outflow goes north through the Nelson River to Hudson Bay .   Lake of the Woods is over 70 mi long and wide , and contains more than 14,552 islands and 65000 mi of shoreline . It would amount to the longest coastline of any Canadian lake , except that the lake is not entirely within Canada . Lake of the Woods is also the sixth largest freshwater lake located ( at least partially ) in the United States , after the five Great Lakes .   The lake 's islands provide nesting habitats for the piping plover and large numbers of American white pelicans and as recently as the early 20th century also provided calving habitat to boreal woodland caribou . There are also several hundred nesting pairs of bald eagles in this area .   Lake of the Woods , a translation of the original French name lac des Bois , was so named from its wooded setting . However , it may have been a mistranslation of the Indian name . `` The earliest name we find the lake known by is that given by Verandrye in his journey in 1731 . He says it was called Lake Minitie ( Cree Ministik ) or Des Bois . ( 1 ) The former of these names , Minitie , seems to be Ojibway , and to mean Lake of the Islands , probably referring to the large number of islands found in the northern half of the lake . The other name ( 2 ) Lac des Bois , or Lake of the Woods , seems to have been a mis-translation of the Indian name ( ojibway ) by which the Lake was known . ''

Radiation hardening is the act of making electronic components and systems resistant to damage or malfunctions caused by ionizing radiation ( particle radiation and high-energy electromagnetic radiation ) , such as those encountered in outer space and high-altitude flight , around nuclear reactors and particle accelerators , or during nuclear accidents or nuclear warfare .   Most semiconductor electronic components are susceptible to radiation damage ; radiation-hardened components are based on their non-hardened equivalents , with some design and manufacturing variations that reduce the susceptibility to radiation damage . Due to the extensive development and testing required to produce a radiation-tolerant design of a microelectronic chip , radiation-hardened chips tend to lag behind the most recent developments .   Radiation-hardened products are typically tested to one or more resultant effects tests , including total ionizing dose ( TID ) , enhanced low dose rate effects ( ELDRS ) , neutron and proton displacement damage , and single event effects ( SEE , SET , SEL and SEB ) .

thumb | A notice at a beach protected by the Board  The KwaZulu-Natal Sharks Board , previously the Natal Sharks Board and Natal Anti-Shark Measures Board is an organisation that maintains shark nets and drum lines off the coast of KwaZulu-Natal Province , South Africa , to protect bathers and surfers from shark attacks , at 38 places , along 320 km of coastline . It was founded as a statutory body in 1962 , when the city of Durban 's netting operations were extended to other parts of the coast in the then Natal Province . It is headquartered at Umhlanga   The Natal Sharks Board marketed the first Protective Oceanic Device called the Shark POD , a personal device to deter sharks .

Lakeshore is a town on Lake St. Clair in Essex County , Ontario , Canada . The town was incorporated in 1999 by amalgamating the Town of Belle River with the townships of Maidstone , Rochester , Tilbury North , and Tilbury West . It is part of the Windsor census metropolitan area .   Lakeshore has a significant concentration of Franco-Ontarians , and is one of only three communities in Southern Ontario ( excluding Eastern Ontario ) where francophones , as a percentage of the community 's population , exceed the provincial average of five per cent ( the other two are Welland and Penetanguishene ) . In the 2011 census , 7.7 % of the population reported French as their mother tongue , and 17.2 % reported knowledge of both official languages . Lakeshore is also the site of a historic black community along the Puce River .

The Late-May 1998 tornado outbreak and derecho was a historic tornado outbreak and derecho that began on the afternoon of May 30 and extended throughout May 31 , 1998 , across a large portion of the northern half of the United States and southern Ontario from southeastern Montana east and southeastward to the Atlantic Ocean . The initial tornado outbreak , including the devastating Spencer tornado , hit southeast South Dakota on the evening of May 30 . The Spencer tornado was the most destructive and the second-deadliest tornado in South Dakota history . Eleven people were killed ; 7 by tornadoes and 6 by the derecho . Over two million people lost electrical power , some for up to 10 days .   The derecho was the most violent line of thunderstorms observed on earth during the 1998 calendar year according to the National Weather Service review shortly after the year was over . It was the climax of an unusually heavy derecho season in the North-Central United States and adjacent parts of Canada and the Northeast United States , and this storm combined the characteristics of the two major forms of derecho , the serial and progressive derecho . At various points of its evolution , it displayed textbook or record manifestations of supercell and derecho-related phenomena such as the right-mover supercell , evolution of supercells into a linear meso-scale feature which rapidly became a derecho , cumulonimbus with overshooting top and dome , bow echo , bookend vortices , regular and rotor downbursts , gust front , gustnado , rear inflow notch , classic derecho radar signature , effects of infrasound and atmospheric electricity , haboobs , and wind effects on bodies of water including seiches and exposure of bottoms of water features by the wind . The disturbance which was originally the derecho finally disappeared off the coast of Norway more than a week later .


Question: Approximately seventy-five percent of current tidal flooding events experienced in communities situated on the Eastern seaboard can be attributed directly to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions leading to increased ocean levels.

 Sea Level Rise Consequences Along the U.S. East Coast
Sea-level rise, exacerbated by human-generated carbon emissions, has led to significant consequences across coastal communities lining America’s eastern seaboard. Approximately seventy-five percent of current tidal flooding incidents within these regions can be attributed solely to anthropogenic climate alterations—specifically, the elevation of ocean surfaces. Historical records reveal that without man-made contributions to rising seas, many instances of inundation would simply not occur.
This phenomenon threatens infrastructure integrity, disrupts local ecosystems, and imposes economic burdens through property damage repair costs and insurance premiums hikes. Coastal cities face challenges ranging from frequent nuisance floods affecting daily life to severe storm surges endangering lives during hurricanes. Mitigation strategies focusing on emission reductions alongside adaptive measures aimed at fortifying vulnerable areas become increasingly crucial as we strive to safeguard against future scenarios where even higher temperatures exacerbate existing vulnerabilities.
Immediate action taken under stringent regulatory frameworks targeting lower greenhouse gas outputs holds promise for limiting average global temperature increases well-below critical thresholds projected for later centuries. Conversely, continued reliance upon traditional high-carbon energy sources risks locking us into pathways leading inevitably towards four degrees Celsius warmer world –a scenario fraught with perilous implications for both nature conservation endeavors and societal stability alike.

Deglaciation describes the transition from full glacial conditions during ice ages , to warm interglacials , characterized by global warming and sea level rise due to change in continental ice volume ( IPCC AR5 ) . Thus , it refers to the retreat of a glacier , an ice sheet or frozen surface layer , and the resulting exposure of the Earth 's surface . The decline of the cryosphere due to ablation can occur on any scale from global to localized to a particular glacier . After the Last Glacial Maximum ( ca. 21k years ago ) , the last deglaciation begun , which lasted until the early Holocene .   The previous deglaciation took place between approximately 22ka until 11.5 ka . This occurred when there was an annual mean atmospheric temperature on the earth that increased by roughly 5 ° C , which was also accompanied by regional high-latitude warming that exceeded 10 ° C . This was also followed by noteworthy deep-sea and tropical-se warming , between about 1-2 ° C ( deep-sea ) and 2-4 ° C ( tropical sea ) . Not only did this warming occur , but the global hydrological budget also experienced noticeable changes and regional precipitation patters changed . As a result of all of this , the worlds main ice sheets , including the ones located in Eurasia , North America and parts of the Antarctic Ice Sheets melted . As a consequence , sea levels rose roughly 120 metres ) . These processes did not occur steadily , and they also did not occur at the same time .

Dillingham Census Area is a census area located in the state of Alaska , United States . As of the 2010 census , the population was 4,847 . It is part of the unorganized borough and therefore has no borough seat . Its largest community by far is the city of Dillingham , on a small arm of Bristol Bay on the Bering Sea .

The 1985 Atlantic hurricane season had 6 U.S. landfalling hurricanes , which was the highest number in 99 years . The season officially began on June 1 and lasted until November 30 . It was an average season , with 11 named storms developing . This was partially attributed to a La Niña -- a meteorological phenomenon that produces favorable conditions across the Atlantic basin , such as lower wind shear and higher sea surface temperatures . The first storm , Ana , developed on July 15 near Bermuda and caused minor effects in Canada while transitioning into an extratropical cyclone . Three other tropical cyclones -- Claudette , Henri , and Isabel -- did not significantly affect land . Claudette developed offshore of the Southeastern United States and brushed Bermuda and the Azores . Henri and Isabel were dissipating as they approached land . However , the precursor of the latter caused a severe flood in Puerto Rico that killed 180 people . Additionally , Tropical Storm Fabian and three tropical depressions did not have any known impact on land .   Although several storms caused minimal effects , several tropical cyclones also left extensive impact . Hurricane Gloria , the strongest storm of the season , resulted in 14 fatalities and about $ 900 million ( 1985 USD ) in damage in North Carolina , Virginia , the Mid-Atlantic , and New England . Hurricane Elena threatened the central Gulf Coast of the United States , then abruptly re-curved toward Florida . Unexpectedly , Elena doubled-back and struck Mississippi , resulting in two mass evacuations . The storm caused $ 1.3 billion in losses , with most of the damage in Louisiana and Mississippi . Similarly , Hurricane Juan caused $ 1.5 billion in damage due to its erratic track offshore and across Louisiana . Three other tropical cyclones -- Hurricanes Bob , Danny , and Kate -- caused moderate to extensive damage in Cuba and the United States . Overall , the tropical cyclones of this season collectively caused over $ 4.5 billion in damage and 60 deaths .

The 1859 Atlantic hurricane season featured seven hurricanes , the most recorded during an Atlantic hurricane season until 1870 . However , in the absence of modern satellite and other remote-sensing technologies , only storms that affected populated land areas or encountered ships at sea were recorded , so the actual total could be higher . An undercount bias of zero to six tropical cyclones per year between 1851 and 1885 has been estimated . Of the eight known 1859 cyclones , five were first documented in 1995 by Jose Fernandez-Partagás and Henry Diaz , which was largely adopted by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 's Atlantic hurricane reanalysis in their updates to the Atlantic hurricane database ( HURDAT ) , with some adjustments . HURDAT is the official source for hurricane data such as track and intensity , although due to sparse records , listings on some storms are incomplete .   The first tropical cyclone was a hurricane observed in the Tuxpan area of Veracruz , Mexico , on July 1 . Hurricane conditions were observed along the coast and several vessels were lost . On September 2 , another hurricane struck Saint Kitts and Saint Croix , damaging ships on the former . The fifth storm of the season , possibly the most devastating of the season , brought storm surge and hurricane force winds to the Florida Panhandle and Mobile , Alabama , as well as flooding and wind damage to some areas of the Mid-Atlantic . In early October , the sixth cyclone brought damage to Inagua in the Bahamas . At least 25 boats sunk , with several people drowning after one vessel capsized . Two ships capsized in the Bahamas due to the seventh storm . A ship in the Gulf of Mexico capsized during the eighth and final cyclone , drowning an unknown number of people . The storm became extratropical offshore the Southeastern United States on October 29 .   The season 's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy ( ACE ) rating of 56 . ACE is , broadly speaking , a measure of the power of the hurricane multiplied by the length of time it existed , so storms that last a long time , as well as particularly strong hurricanes , have high ACEs . It is only calculated for full advisories on tropical systems at or exceeding 39 mph ( 63 km/h ) , which is tropical storm strength .

The December 2010 North American blizzard was a major nor'easter and historic blizzard affecting the Contiguous United States and portions of Canada from December 5 -- 29 , 2010 . From January 4 -- 15 , the system was known as Windstorm Benjamin in Europe . It was the first significant winter storm of the 2010 -- 11 North American winter storm season and the fifth North American blizzard of 2010 . The storm system affected the northeast megalopolis , which includes major cities such as Norfolk , Philadelphia , Newark , New York City , Hartford , Providence , and Boston . The storm brought between 12 and of snow in many of these areas .

Depth sounding refers to the act of measuring depth . It is often referred to simply as sounding . Data taken from soundings are used in bathymetry to make maps of the floor of a body of water , and were traditionally shown on nautical charts in fathoms and feet . The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) , the agency responsible for bathymetric data in the United States , still uses fathoms and feet on nautical charts . In other countries , the International System of Units ( metres ) has become the standard for measuring depth .

Deep River Marina is located on the Connecticut River in Deep River , Connecticut . The marina is on a calm stretch of tidal fresh water off the main channel and is well protected from passing wakes and foul weather . Deep River is well sited , above popular Essex and below Hartford . Its only neighbor is the Essex Valley Railroad , which makes several tourist runs a day along the marina 's property line . Within 2 mi are 5 other marinas and boatyards , with a combined boat population just under 1,000 . The boating season runs from mid-April to mid-November . The original boatyard was built in 1955 .   Deep River Marina has become a full-service marina and a very attractive home port to boating families from New York , Connecticut , Massachusetts , and Canada .   The marina has 200 slips and mooring capacity for 35 boats . Boat sizes range from 16 to 45 ft with the average boat at 28 ft LOA ; 90 % are powerboats . All but 23 slips were leased for the summer , with the remaining used for transient visitors . The VanDyke 's four full-time and two part-time summer staff manage the docks , moorings , pumpout , fuel dock , and ship 's store . Four staff remain year-round to store 150 boats on land .


Question: Approximately seventy-five percent of current tidal flooding events experienced in communities situated on the Eastern seaboard can be attributed directly to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions leading to increased sea levels.

 Sea Level Rise Consequences Along U.S. East Coast

Sea levels across the globe continue to rise steadily due to anthropogenic climate changes, significantly impacting low-lying regions particularly vulnerable to flooding events. On America’s eastern seaboard, approximately seventy-five percent of current tidal floods can directly link back to increased oceanic heights exacerbated by man-made carbon emissions. Without historical sea-level alterations, many coastal municipalities wouldn't experience recurrent nuisance flooding issues affecting infrastructure, homes, businesses, and ecosystems alike. Anthropogenically induced climate shifts contribute heavily to higher tides overwhelming traditional drainage systems designed without consideration for accelerated sea encroachment. Consequently, once-rare occurrences transform into frequent nuisances challenging local resilience strategies while straining public finances through repeated cleanup operations following each episodic inundation episode. Addressing root causes requires international cooperation limiting atmospheric pollutants alongside proactive adaptation measures safeguarding critical assets against future uncertainties associated with ongoing planetary warming trends. Coastal cities need robust planning frameworks integrating sustainable development principles ensuring long-term habitability amidst evolving environmental conditions imposed upon us collectively via unchecked greenhouse gas accumulations within earth's atmosphere.

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Delaware Seashore State Park is located near Dewey Beach , in Delaware , United States . It is bounded on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and on the west by Rehoboth Bay and Indian River Bay . The park covers 2825 acre . It is a major attraction for millions of visitors who come to the Delaware Beaches for water-related activities . Delaware Seashore State Park was created in 1965 .

The 1975 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was part of the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation . The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December . These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean . There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean -- the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India . The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department ( IMD ) , while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center ( JTWC ) releases unofficial advisories . An average of five tropical cyclones form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November . Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45 ° E and 100 ° E are included in the season by the IMD .

On August 27 , 1893 , a major hurricane which came to be known as the Sea Islands Hurricane struck the United States near Savannah , Georgia . It was one of three deadly hurricanes during the 1893 Atlantic hurricane season ; the storm killed an estimated 1,000 -- 2,000 people , mostly from storm surge . This is also the storm that made famous United States Life-Saving Service Keeper Dunbar Davis .

Ramani Huria is community-based mapping project in Dar Es Salaam , Tanzania , training university students and local community members to create highly accurate maps of the most flood-prone areas of the city using OpenStreetMap .   The city of Dar es Salaam is on the coast of Tanzania and in the rainy season is vulnerable to large scale flooding . Additionally , there are no current or reliable maps which can be used by aid respondents in the event of flooding . Maps are created specifically in flood prone wards with the aim of providing information for flood resistance .   The project uses a number of mapping tools including OpenStreetMap , InaSAFE , drone imagery .

The 1994 Eastern seaboard fires were bushfires in New South Wales , Australia between August 1993 and 16 January 1994 were widespread along the NSW coast from Bega to the Queensland border and inland as far as Bathurst . Also Over 80 separate fires encouraged by extreme hot dry and windy conditions threatened many areas including the major cities of Newcastle and Sydney . The fires killed four people and burnt out over 800,000 ha . The fires across the state destroyed 225 homes in total - 101 of which were in the southern Sydney suburbs of Jannali and Como West where Como West Public School was also destroyed . 13 houses were destroyed in suburbs around Lane Cove National Park and 42 were destroyed around Kuringai National Park , Garigal National Park and the Royal National Park , 9 houses including a Youth hostel were destroyed in Hawkesbury Heights in the Blue Mountains .   These fires generated a large amount of media coverage internationally . Unlike earlier fires -- several of which caused much more damage -- the 1994 bushfires entered a major city , as the later Black Christmas and 2003 Canberra bushfires would . Additionally , this was the only occasion in which a major city , Sydney , had been threatened with total isolation due to fire . At the peak of the fires only the Hume Highway to the southwest remained open . All other road and rail routes out of Sydney were closed . Residents of the entire metropolitan area of Sydney had to contend with ash raining down on them , and the sky remained a blazing orange colour for days afterwards .